JPH01502803A - disc filter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] disc filter The present invention has a filter that is mounted on a common solid shaft spaced apart from each other and has a filtration medium on both sides. with a large number of filter discs and a filtrate outlet in the central area. Regarding disc type filters.

This type of disk filter is available, for example, from the 4000 Jusseldorf, 18 AMA Deutschland GmbH AMA-5tockdale Vak It is known by the catalog of names uumfilter. Right side of this catalog On the side, a disc filter with four discs is shown. this disc are provided on a common central axis at regular intervals from each other, and They are rotated together in a turbid liquid in a container. In this case, the filtrate on the filter disc side is under negative pressure. Therefore, filtration on the filtration surface allows the filtrate components to pass through based on negative pressure. This is done by retaining the solid components in a filtration medium. The fill of this structure The filter has proven practical, but compared to its filter size, the filtration The capacity is small, and although it can only concentrate turbid liquids, it cannot handle dry solid filter cakes. cannot occur. Furthermore, the filtration media on the turbid liquid container and filter disc Troublesome cleaning is often required.

In order to further improve the filtering capacity, so-called dynamic filters are used, e.g. No. 19 of issue 5 of 1978 of Aufbereitungs-technik 8 pages or the periodical Filtration and 5eparation It is known from the March 1982 issue, page 119. In this case, the drum-shaped A radially oriented device with a central hole is placed in a closed vessel starting from the cylinder wall of the The disks are spaced apart from each other at regular intervals. This disc carries the filtration media Because of the support, a filtrate chamber is created between the filtration medium and the disk at the rear of the filtration medium. is formed, from which the filtrate can be drained. Between this stationary disk has a rotor.

The rotors are mounted on a common shaft so as not to rotate relative to this shaft. Filtration in progress , the shaft is rotated by the rotor, so that the turbid liquid to be filtered is constantly in motion.

This prevents or at least retards the build-up of solids on the filtration media. It will be done. Therefore, when the filter resistance is small, the filter will Can be used without intermediate cleaning. In this case, the turbid liquid enters the filter from one end. Introduced under pressure. The turbid liquid becomes increasingly concentrated as it passes through the filter, and The sludge is discharged from the end face of the wall as concentrated as possible. A file like this Improved filtration capacity is achieved by filters. This is especially true for the rotor as is known. This is achieved when the filtration medium is tensioned and can be filtered there. But it can be done However, a sufficiently dehydrated filter cake cannot be obtained. The disk filter mentioned above is discontinuous. However, dynamic filters require continuous Filtration can be performed. However, this filter does not yield enough dry solids. It is not possible.

In order to reuse the filtered solid components, it is desirable to have the solids as dry as possible. . On the other hand, of course, before the filtration media has too great a flow resistance due to build-up, The filter itself should be able to filter for as long as possible. Therefore, the above mentioned frame In the case of filters, attempts have been made to improve the action of the rotor.

This can be seen in the above-mentioned documents and, for example, Buddhist Patent Application Publication No. 1゜356.496. Or it can be inferred from British Patent Application Publication No. 22.560. By this means, In some cases, the filtered solid bottom flows through the filtration medium to such an extent that it creates too great a flow resistance. The filter can be filtered longer before being plugged. However, it is satisfactorily dry It is not always possible to obtain a filter cake of solid components, and the filtered product of solid components still remains in the screen. Rudge-like.

Improvement of the solid content in the filter cake is disclosed in Buddhist Patent Application Publication No. 517876. or chamber fibre, as described in 1.323,483. This was achieved for the first time by Lutapress. In the case of this filter, the filtration media It is installed inside the frame.

As the frames are pressed tightly together, the filtration media forms a chamber. Ru. In this case, each filter frame has two sides formed by the filtration medium. do. A filtrate chamber is formed between the surfaces, and a turbid liquid chamber is formed outside the surfaces.

The filtration medium is contained within the turbid liquid as it is forced under pressure into the turbid liquid chamber. The solids can be retained and the filtrate can be drained. During the filtration process, on the filtration media, As thicker and thicker layers of solids are formed, the filtration resistance becomes greater and greater. growing To overcome this filtration resistance, the pressure of the turbid liquid increases. This allows the filtration However, the solid components in the turbid liquid chamber are When a predetermined critical pressure for a turbid liquid is reached, the filtration is interrupted, e.g. The filter is released by releasing the filter plate (Buddha Patent Application Announcement) No. 1.323,483). That is, it is a discontinuous filtration step. filtration chamber After opening the filtration cake, the resulting filter cake is drained and the filtration medium is washed. the Afterwards, the filter is reassembled and a new filtration process is performed. this filter improved dry matter is obtained, but the filtration media has too high a flow resistance. Obstruction occurs very quickly to the extent that it has resistance. i.e. filter plate assembly and cleaning. Interruptions of the filtration process, which require cleaning, often have to be carried out.

The chamber filter press described above is described in the periodical Chea+, - Ing-Tech 5'5 (1983), No. 11, p. 838, especially from Figure 18. improved by using a squeeze diaphragm within the chamber. child In the case of the improved chamber filter press, as mentioned above, the filtration process until the flow resistance of the filtration medium is not too great for the process to proceed favorably. , a filtration step is performed.

At least one side of the diaphragm behind the filtration medium is then Inflated by pressure supply. As a result, the sponge inside the filtration chamber Such a filter cake is extruded. The filter is then opened normally again. A fairly dry filter cake is discharged. By this means, dry filtration Although a cake is obtained, this filter has all the usual drawbacks mentioned above. Special This filter cannot be operated automatically.

The chamber filter press described above is described in West German Patent No. 3,426,527. further improved. According to this philosophy, simple and easy assembly and low operating costs are possible. achieved. This filter has a large capacity and can filter for a long time. I can do it. At the same time, extremely high filtrate and filter cake quality and very low A filter cake moisture is obtained. For this purpose, the chamber of a known chamber filter press is An axially sliding rotor is inserted into the chamber. In this case, this chamber At least several are released at the same time. The rotor constantly mixes the turbid liquid as is known. solid deposits on the filtration media for as long as possible, thereby increasing flow resistance. Prevent the product from accumulating. The turbid liquid is then sufficiently concentrated within the turbid liquid hollow chamber. child This is done at high pressure for turbid liquids in order to perform further filtration. Once the concentration is done , further turbid liquid supply is interrupted, the rotational movement of the rotor is terminated, and the chamber shape The rotor alternately moves axially in one or both directions to push out the filter cake depending on the It is slid in the opposite direction. After extruding the filter cake, the chamber is opened and the filter cake is The rotor is brought into contact with the filter cake by the rotational movement of the rotor started at that time. It is ejected while doing so.

Since there is a rotor in each filtration chamber, in order to obtain a sufficiently large turbid liquid cavity, the filtration chamber must be The filter must be configured with a correspondingly thicker (filter size per structural dimension) Filtration capacity decreases. This results in an undesirable increase in structural dimensions. The structural dimensions are , by opening the filtration chamber only possible in two ways, namely semi- by separating the filtration chambers in the radial plane or by separating the filtration chambers at the outer periphery. It increases further by opening the chamber. In the case of the former variant, the gauge chamber As such, a motion play area shall be provided for the chamber walls in the axial direction. stomach. Such filters thereby have a significant external diameter in the axial direction. In the latter case, where the filtration capacity is relatively small, A sliding space must be provided for the ring, for which the filter Due to its structural dimensions, it requires a large amount of space in the axial direction.

Furthermore, such filters may not produce a satisfactorily dry filter cake. stomach. This is because by moving the rotor disk in the axial direction, only a small squeezing force is required. This is because it does not occur. When applying large squeezing forces, the rotor disc is extremely thicker, thereby further increasing the structural dimensions of the filter. Regular intervals on the axis It uses a rotor disk that is placed at a certain distance and is connected to the shaft so that it does not rotate relative to the shaft. Furthermore, different filter cakes will have different residual moisture contents. Ru. This is because there are only small amounts of different solid components in each chamber, so different This is because the thickness of the filter cake increases. However, the rotor disk has a constant axial direction Due to the mutual spacing, each rotor disc can carry the attached filter cake in the axial direction. It will be pressed by different forces. Therefore, a satisfactory amount of filter cake remains. Moisture retention is not guaranteed. However, from the said patent specification, it is clear that the elastic diaphragm It can be inferred that this can be applied to the plane of each rotor. Thereby extrusion of filter cake This is done by inflating this elastic diaphragm within each chamber. . Of course, if such a diaphragm is placed on only one side of each rotor disk, The extrusion ability is not improved. Because in this case too, the rotor disk is overloaded. This is because large axial forces cannot be applied due to the load. However, this For such a chamber, a flat rotor face with filtration media on both sides and an external Only the circumference can be opened via the circumferential ring. elastic diaphragm Both sides of the equipped rotor disc can be moved. This allows rotaday The pressing force of the elastic diaphragm on the disk is canceled out, so the low The data disk is no longer axially loaded. It is possible to actually increase the squeezing force. can.

However, since cake ejection can be performed by the rotor when the chamber is opened, , for cake evacuation it is necessary to re-tension the elastic diaphragm. Na Therefore, when rotating the rotor for cake ejection, the shear stress cannot be maintained. Because I can't. Therefore, due to cake evacuation, the It is necessary to slide the rotor axially again with an appropriate axial force. in this case, The filtration medium itself is attached to the rotor disk during discharge or in each case It should not be damaged by the molding strip. However, the discharge of the filter cake is It is expected that it will be difficult. Because in the plane of each rotor disk or in place If a molded part is provided in the diaphragm of the metal, the filter cake will enter the molded part and The entrainment force of the filter cake caused by this causes the filter cake entrainment force on the opposite side of the filter as a result of which the filter cake is easily ejected from the rotor. This is because this filter has a very large filter capacity compared to the expected filter capacity. It is loud and heavy (the filtration area of the structural dimensions and grooves is small). Continuously working filtration results Improved solids content of the filter cake compared to filters that discharge sludge as a substance However, compared to diaphragm plate press filters that operate discontinuously, No improvement. It is said that it is possible to actually discharge the filter cake with the rotor, which is unique to West Germany. Automatic operation is possible compared to the filter according to Japanese Patent No. 3426527.

However, compared to the structural dimensions, the filtration surface is insufficient and the filtration ability is satisfactory. isn't it. Furthermore, depending on the embodiment, the unsatisfactory residual moisture content of the filter cake rate. This is because the squeezing force is too small.

The idea of this patent specification started with West German Patent No. 3426527. It is clear that improvements in chamber filter presses can only be achieved in a narrow range. It is. Therefore, the present invention provides a chamber with a rotor located within a turbid liquid chamber. Apart from the filter press, in relation to the structural dimensions and in relation to the filtration surface provided. can improve the filtration capacity and at the same time modify the dry matter content of the filter cake. An object of the present invention is to provide a disc type filter that can improve the performance of the present invention.

This task begins with a disc filter of the type mentioned at the beginning, and begins with a filter disk filter. is provided between two end plates provided on the shaft so as to be slidable in the axial direction, in this case, At least one western wall of each formed intermediate chamber is located below the filtration medium and of the intermediate chamber. supporting a squeezing device that is at least partially axially movable into the intermediate chamber containing the turbid liquid; The solution is that means are provided for completely filling the container. Dis A disk filter with filtration media on both sides tightly surrounds the filter surface. this When the filtration surface is completely covered by the turbid liquid, the flow resistance on the filtration surface becomes significant for filtration. When the pressure is not too high, as usual, the negative pressure creates a very large filtration capacity on the filtrate side. power and, if necessary, positive pressure for very high filtration capacity on the turbid liquid side. You can gain strength. However, all filter discs slide axially on a common central axis. be immovably mounted and each filter disc is equipped with a squeezing device - this is This is possible only by providing the above-mentioned end plate on the shaft. Once the operation has sufficiently concentrated the turbid liquid, at least the diaphragm chamber A filter cake which is known to be dry is obtained by means of a filter press.

In other words, the maximum filtration area and thus the maximum filtration capacity can be obtained in the minimum space. At the same time, a diaphragm chamber filter plate was introduced for the first time using a disc type filter. A dry filter cake can be obtained as known by loess.

Another object of the invention is to enable automatic operation of the provided filter.

A complementary object of the present invention is to provide at least a substantially continuous operation. The purpose of this project is to develop a filter device.

Furthermore, it is a problem of the present invention that the filter resistance is It is possible to use a temporal filter.

By developing the idea of the present invention, a disk type filter was developed to enable dynamic filtration. should be formed.

Therefore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned disc-type filter is swingably provided on a stand, and Therefore, the filter can be completely immersed in a special turbid liquid container by means of a stand. All filter disks are completely surrounded by turbid liquid.

The immersed disc filter is rotatably driven to enable dynamic filtration. possible, thereby rotating in a turbid liquid. In the turbid liquid container, there is a A scraping tool can be provided. This scraping tool is placed between the filter discs. filtration media, thereby preventing the buildup of solids on the filtration media.

Furthermore, additional rings can be provided. Each of these rings has at least , covering the intermediate chamber of two adjacent filter discs in the closed position. Filled with turbid liquid. If it is concentrated in minutes, slide this ring and connect the two adjacent The intermediate chamber between the filter discs can be closed. After that, the above diamond The filter cake can be pushed out from each filter disc via the flam. can.

A thoroughly dry filter cake is thereby obtained. When this process is finished, The entire filter can be rocked out of the turbid liquid and the ring can be opened.

If necessary, the filter cake can be removed using a special spatula that can be inserted between the filter plates. can be automatically discharged. In this case, the spatula can e.g. can also be inserted radially, so that cake ejection takes place tangentially. . Then, if necessary, install a cleaning nozzle to clean the filter dispenser. A well-crafted rake can be used.

Thereby, the cleaned filter can be completely immersed in the turbid liquid again. Ru.

Multiple filter rotation axes such as this to enable almost continuous operation can be provided radially around the . This allows the filter to be used for cake removal. When the turbid liquid is being rocked out of the container, the flask is then ready for use. The filter is immersed in a turbid liquid.

According to the development of the disc filter, it is possible to eliminate the need for a separate turbid liquid container and to filtration while still providing maximum filtration area in minimum space. This allows the filter to be used for a long time and maintains the desired dryness of the filter cake. It is possible to obtain the degree of dryness and enable automatic operation. This is a disk type Since the filter is equipped with a ring provided on the outer periphery in the above manner, it is easy to achieved. This ring ensures that at least two adjacent filter discs can cover the intermediate chamber of the pipe, so that both pipes can be passed through this ring from the pipe supply, for example. A turbid liquid can be placed between the filter discs.

rotatably and axially on a common solid shaft to enable dynamic filtration. The filter disc is mounted non-slidably and the common solid shaft is mounted to prevent relative rotation. Further filter discs provided in each case are arranged alternately. This is it Therefore, each time the adjacent disks rotate relative to each other, the desired shear force is created in the turbid liquid. dynamic filtration is achieved.

- Scrape the ring off the ring between adjacent discs each time to make improvements. It can be inserted by swinging. In this case, especially, the turbid liquid inlet should be placed behind the scraping tool. The opening is almost tangential.

To eliminate the need for a seal between the rotating filter disc and the circumferential ring, The direction ring moves past the rotating filter disc to the next stationary filter disc or Its width can be extended to reach . Uniform pressing of filter cake To achieve this, the squeeze diaphragm can be formed as a movable flat squeeze wall. can. In the area of its radial edge, this squeeze wall can be formed, for example, by a circumferential die. It is connected to the filter disk via an elastic element such as a diaphragm piece.

Furthermore, the squeeze wall can be connected to the filter disc in a rotationally fixed manner. .

The invention will now be described in detail on the basis of the attached figures, which show various embodiments.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open disc filter, Figure 2 is a diagram of the closed filter. , a diagram similar to Figure 1, Figure 3 with multiple filters arranged around a common axis. A schematic diagram of the structure of a disc filter according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the multiple filter of FIG. 3 closed; Figure 5 is a cross section of the upper half of the disc filter, showing a cutting plane that passes through the center of the shaft. figure, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view passing through the solid shaft; FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 5 of a filter with different filter discs; Figure 8 shows a cross-section of a clamping ring for a filter disc with diaphragm side view, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 8 for two diaphragms; Figure 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the connection point of the tightening rings in Figures 8 and 9; Figure 11 is a cross section of the chamber ring at the separation point of the inner ring whose diameter can be changed. figure, Figure 12 is a partial sectional view of this separation point, and Figure 13 shows the completed filter set. Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of this filter set, and Fig. 14a is a chamber ring. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the boss of the end plate. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the boss of the end plate with the connection point with the tie rod; FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the connection points of the chamber ring equipped with the rails of the sliding frame; Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 17; Fig. 19 is a diagram showing another example of the connection point, Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 19, Figure 21 is a view of the turbid liquid inlet of the chambering from above. Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of this turbid liquid inlet, Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of this turbid liquid inlet, FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a filter stand and container for open filtration; FIG. 25 is a cutaway view of the turbid liquid container, similar to FIG. 24; Figure 26 is a view similar to Figures 24 and 25 showing the filter in the discharge position; Figure 27 is a schematic diagram showing the cleaning position of the filter, and Figure 28 is a diagram showing the turbid liquid container in the vertical direction. Diagram showing the filter cut away, Figure 29 is a view similar to Figure 28 showing the turbid liquid container lowered; Figure 30 shows the closed structure of each filter, Figure 31 shows the vertical half of the filter. The cross-sectional view, FIG. 32, shows a multiple filter in open construction with six individual filters. Figure, Figure 33 shows the individual filters of the multiple filters in the turbid liquid container and the turbid liquid container. Diagram showing the individual filters in the lowered state, Figure 34 shows an individual filter with liquid guide, valve and operating device for the valve. Figure 35 shows the drive journal and shows the journal on the filtrate side of the central shaft of the multiplex filter. diagram showing, Figure 36 shows the dispensing head of the journal on the filtrate side of the solid shaft; Figure 37 shows a closed structure multiple filter with four individual filters on the drive side. 38 is a diagram showing the filter of FIG. 37 on the filtrate discharge side, FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the journal on the filter side of the solid shaft of this filter, FIG. 40 is a diagram showing the structure of the position locking member and details of the sliding frame; Figure 41 shows other variations of filter discs fixed or supported on central tie rods. Figure 42 shows the shape of the liquid guide section from the compressing diaphragm to the central boss. Figure 43 shows the sexual connection with the mechanical closure device in the closed state and the mixed S liquid inlet. A diagram illustrating a chamber ring with a swingable double scraper having; Figure 44 shows the closed state of the mechanical closing device, and Figure 45 shows the combination with the double scraper. Side view of the chamber ring with operating device for the suspension inlet, FIG. A cross-sectional view of a chamber ring with a knock-off tool, Figure 47 shows another mechanical closure in the closed position with a swingable double scraper. a diagram showing a chambering with a device; 48 shows the closure device of FIG. 6 in a closed state, and FIG. 49 shows the chamber of FIG. 46. a plan view of the barring, FIG. 50 showing multiple controls for the mechanical closure; FIG. 51 is a diagram showing a multiple operation device for swinging the scraping tool; Figure 52 shows a filter set with the filter disc of Figure 41 having both end plates. 53 is a side view of the entire filter, Figure 54 is a front view of the entire filter; Figure 55 shows a filter disk with a portion fixed within the disk and a rotating portion. Figures showing other embodiments of the Figure 56 shows the fixing device for the squeeze diaphragm and the anti-rotation device for large squeeze strokes. a diagram showing another variant of the filter disc with a stop device, Fig. 56a is a front view of this anti-rotation device, and Fig. 56b is a plan view of this anti-rotation device. Figure 57 shows a cross-section of the central tie rod and half of the boss with liquid passages. figure, Figure 58 shows the drive side end of the filter cent of the filter disc according to Figure 56. A diagram showing the plate and the sealing part of this end plate, Fig. 59 shows a deformation of the seal part of the end plate, and Fig. 60 shows another deformation of the seal part. Figure 61 shows a complete filter with the filter disc of Figure 58. , Figure 62 shows the details of this filter as seen from the front, and Figure 63 shows the filter set. A view of this filter from the front, with the rear section cut away. Figure 64 is a plan view of this filter; Figure 65 shows the end plate and disk pair drive side support for dynamic filtration. Fig. 66 shows the bearing of the opposite end plate, Fig. 67 shows the inside of the double chamber. Figure 68 shows the turbid liquid inlet of the chip with an elastic insert in the clamping edge. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the chamber ring.

In FIG. 1, the exposed state of the individual filters 1 is shown schematically. In this case, the filter 1 is equipped with a filter disc 2. Filter disc as tie rod 7 axially non-slidably mounted on a formed common shaft. Tie rod 7 is that with bearing journals 4.6 at both ends, and near each bearing journal the left An end plate 3 is provided on the side and an end plate 5 is provided on the right side. These end plates are fixed to tie rods. ing.

All filter disks 2 are provided between these end edges. In Figure 1 In each case, the filter discs 2 are provided with a diaphragm 8. This die The diaphragm is connected on its rear side to the pressure channel 8.1 associated therewith.

Each filter disc is equipped with such diaphragms on both sides, as described below. be able to. Each filter disc 2 has two filter cloths 9 on both sides, i.e. or 11. In this case, a passage 10 is attached to the filter cloth 9, and a passage 10 is attached to the filter cloth 11. A passage 12 is attached.

A chamber ring 13 is provided around the outer periphery of the filter disk 2 . This chi The chamber ring is shown as having an outer ring 14 of constant diameter and an inner ring 14 of variable diameter. It is equipped with a ring 15. A tube seal 16 is provided between these two rings. There is. This structure will be described later.

The chamber ring 14 is a sliding frame that can be slid by an operating cylinder 18. It is suspended from 17.

A tie rod 7 is formed in the bearing journal 4 as a drive shaft, for which For example, a worm gear device 19 is provided. This worm gear device is It consists of a worm gear (not shown in detail) with a motor and a drive motor 20. Ru. At the end of the bearing journal 4, there is a rotating shaft for supplying and discharging the press medium. A screw coupling 2.1 is provided.

In the area of the bearing journal 6 of the tie rod 7 there is a rotary joint 22 for filtrate outflow and a filter. A rotary joint 23 is provided for liquid outflow and for the supply of wash water and dry air.

A discharge comb-like body 24 is shown above the filter l. This comb-like body is called “ejection feathers”. It has roots 25.

In this case, the entire discharge comb 24 can be operated by the operating mechanism 26. Furthermore , a cleaning comb 27 with a spray tube 28 is provided for the necessary cleaning. . This spray pipe can be moved to the operating position or vice versa by the operating mechanism 29. Ru.

A so-called turbid liquid container is provided below the disk filter 1. This turbidity The liquid container contains a turbid liquid to be filtered.

In FIG. 1, the filter 1 is fixed and the turbid liquid container 30 is lifted upwards. , whereby the filter I is completely immersed in the turbid liquid. In this case, the turbid liquid flow The input 31 is controlled so that the liquid level 32 remains constant during the filtration process.

In this case, in order to prevent sedimentation from occurring at the bottom of the turbid liquid container 30, 30, a swinging paddle 32' is installed, as is the case with a rotating filter. I'm being kicked. The swinging paddle 32' is driven on both sides by operating cylinders 33. . The turbid liquid container 30 is raised and lowered by a cylinder so that the filter 1 is completely immersed in the turbid liquid. 34. For ease of illustration, the turbidity container is short and short. has been completed. The turbid liquid container is usually equipped with a journal to allow immersion of the filter. It is long. A scraping tool 36 and a swing drive device 37 are installed at the bottom of the turbid liquid container 30. A scraping comb-like body 35 is provided. Reciprocating movement of the scraping comb-like body 35 Movement is accomplished by an operating cylinder 38.

The filter 1 is operated and rotated from a central hydraulic station 39. Ru.

To start the filtration, slide frame 17 is shown in the upper part of filter l. is retracted together with the chamber ring 13. At that time, the sliding wedge body 40 is hydraulically Since the valve 41 is opened, the drive motor 20 is energized by pressure oil, thereby The filter disc 2 rotates at approximately 10-15 revolutions/min. The turbid liquid container 30 is lifted up. The entire filter 1 is immersed in the water. The geodetic pressure of the liquid is determined by the filter cloth 9 and the die. Press the yaphram 8 against the outer contour (cross-sectional contour) of the filter disk 2 ( (See Figures 5 and 7).

However, filtration can only take place when there is no air in the filtrate outlet pipe 10.12. Ru. For this purpose, the outflow pipe 12 is equipped with a vacuum connection 43 or a vacuum pump 43. An intermediate container 42 is provided. Once the air is exhausted from the above tube, the overflow container 44 or the difference in the height of the filter 1 with respect to the siphon container 44 causes negative effects in the system. Pressure is generated. The scraping comb-like body 35 is connected to the filter disk via an operation drive device 37. It can be inserted into the intermediate chamber between the screens 2. Thereby, due to the drainage of large amounts of filtrate The filter surface can be cleared once. In this case, the scraping comb-like body 35 is It is caused to reciprocate via the working cylinder 38. This creates a closed filtration system. A so-called dynamic filtration is performed, as is already known from . Mixed When the turbid liquid is sufficiently concentrated, the scraping comb 35 is moved to the operating cylinder in this embodiment. 38, it is moved to the left end position and stopped. And a comb for scraping The shaped body 35 is slowly removed from the intermediate chamber between the filter discs 2 by means of an operating cylinder 37. I was pulled up. In this case, the scraping tool 36 may be curved, which is not shown in detail. Due to its shape, the generated filtration cake is further compressed and stored in the filter. Move toward the heart.

When the scraping comb-like body 35 moves to the outer end position of the filter 1, the comb-like body is held. As shown in the lower region of the filter 1, the comb-shaped The body is moved to the closed position. At the same time, the hydraulic valve 41 is moved by the sliding wedge body 40. and the drive motor 20 is closed. Then, the three-way valve 45 is opened and the port is opened. The compressed water pressure of the pump 46 enters the tube 47 and from there into the tube seal 16.

The comb ring 13 seals the comb chamber against the filter disc 2 . Therefore , valve 48 is opened. Then, the squeezing process is started via the throttle check valve 49.

In order to achieve a good degree of dehydration, it is desirable to increase the squeezing pressure slowly. stomach. On the other hand, to avoid loss of time, the press water must be returned quickly. It is possible. However, it is usually sufficient to restrict the flow of pressurized water into valve 45. In this case, the throttle check valve 49 can be omitted. During the pressing process or interruption of the pressing process Sometimes other process steps can be introduced, such as washing or dry blowing. Ru. The filtrate is passed directly through the rotary joint 22 and then through the rotary joint 23 and the three-way valve 50. and reaches the filtrate outlet. To perform cleaning or dry blowing, switch valve 50. In addition, the cleaning water or supplies dry blow air to the filter 1.

After the above process is completed and valve 50 is switched to filtrate circulation, valve 45 Can be switched to fast flow. The compressed water behind the diaphragm 8 is discharged through the open valve 48. The compressed water in the seal hose 47 also flows into the container 54.

The compressed water return part is guided to the compressed water container 54 as a dip pipe 55, and the compressed water container 54 is Since it is located lower than the filter 1, negative pressure is generated here as well.

This negative pressure attracts the diaphragm to the side disk surface of the filter disk 2, Seal 16 contracts to allow inner ring 15 to open and expand.

The sliding frame 17 is then retracted via the operating cylinder 18. hydraulic valve 41 is opened via the sliding wedge body 40, and the drive motor 20 is operated.

The filter 2 is thereby rotated.

By squeezing the pressed filter cake, its thickness is reduced between the two filter disks 20 , so there is no space between two adjacent filter discs. , free fall is prevented by the cake extending concentrically around the central axis 7. Ru.

The discharge comb 24 with discharge vanes 25 is moved until it reaches the center of the disc filter. It is placed in an intermediate chamber between adjacent filters. This leaves no filter cake. It is discharged immediately. After retracting the discharge vanes 24, the cleaning process begins. Besides that For this purpose, a cleaning comb 27 is provided with a spray tube 28 carrying a special spray nozzle at its tip. is inserted into the intermediate chamber between the filter discs to flush the side walls, and the filter The cloth 9°11 is washed with high pressure washing water. Then, the spray pipe 28 is pulled up again. It will be done. For the washing water, a squeeze pump 46 can normally be used as a pumping device. Ru.

Therefore, it is only necessary to switch the valve 56 for spraying. Often each cycle There is no need to clean filter 1 after cleaning, so depending on your experience, you can The number of filters can be entered into the filtration control program.

In the case of the closed embodiment of FIG. 2, the aforementioned turbid liquid container is no longer necessary. turbid liquid is supplied from the chamber ring 13. The turbid liquid supply section 57 is connected to a common pipe 58. It is connected. This pipe extends from the turbidity pump 59 through a three-way valve 60.

After filtration or before filter 1 is opened, the remaining turbid liquid is drained from pipe 58 to regulating valve 6. 0 and is supplied to the turbid liquid container 61. This return is caused by compressed air shock via valve 62. assisted by. The other steps are carried out as already described based on Figure 1. It will be done.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the filter as in FIG. However, such complex Several filters are arranged radially around a central rotating shaft and housed in a suitable stand. There is. To form a pedestal, the central rotating shaft 63 is provided with a bracket 64 on the left side, A bracket 65 is provided on the right side. As a result, such a disc type filter can accommodate two or more.

The central rotating shaft 63 has a worm gear device 67 and, in particular, a hydro motor, on the left side. A bearing journal 66 is provided with a step motor 68 formed in the same manner as shown in FIG.

The bearing journal 66 is connected via a rotary screw coupler 69.70 and a rotary joint 71.72. An energy supply section and an energy discharge section are provided. In this case, reference number 69.7 0, supply of pressure oil to drive the hydro motor 20 for driving each filter 1. The supply and discharge sections are shown and, by 71.72, for the individual filters. The compressed water supply and discharge sections are shown. Furthermore, a shaft with individual filtrate outflow lowers 5 Bearing journal 73 with bearing 74 and negative pressure connection already mentioned in connection with FIG. A negative pressure vessel 42 with a vacuum pump 43 is provided. Negative pressure case 4 2 is provided with suitable seals and is rotatable around a stepped extended journal 73'. It is supported by the function. The other extension 73' of this journal 73 contains cleaning water and drying water. Rotary joints 76, 77 are provided for supplying drying air. The first filtration method This is done as already described in connection with the figures. But for this structure of the filter, Negative pressure equipment has all planetary filters closed and Works only when the dry blow is not operated. Therefore, this device is suitable for dry blowing. , maintaining negative pressure during the working steps of draining and immersing the open filter into the turbid liquid requires special equipment to do so. To this end, the negative pressure vessel 42 is connected to a driving journal. vacuum-tightly and rotatably supported in the container 42. An outer wall 78 is housed in place with an outflow tube 79. Right side of negative pressure container 42 The side end cover 80 is likewise rotatable and housed in a vacuum-tight manner.

A closing device 81 is provided within this cover 80 . This closure device is operated by 82, whereby the individual filter outlets are first is closed, and further reciprocation of the operating cylinder 82 establishes a connection with the outside air. Ru.

The cover 80 is further connected to an operating cylinder 83. From discharge to next filtration When transitioning through the operational steps, the device 81 remains in the closed position and the cover 80 is closed. It rotates together with the null 73'. The disc filter is completely immersed in the turbid liquid container 30. For the first time, the retraction of the operating cylinder 82 establishes the negative pressure connection with the filtrate outlet. The actuation cylinder 83, together with the device 81, again guides the cover 80 into the ejection position. In this case, the drying blowing step can be carried out at this location. this Then, in the working step of filtration, the working step of drying blowing, i.e. Open the filter, empty the filter, and clean the filter if necessary. The process can be carried out.

If the dry blowing process is carried out in the previous position to shorten the steps, A second device with an operating device 82' must be provided within the cover 80.

In this case, the sliding movement of the chamber ring retainer 17 is fixed for closing in the filtration position. and by means of a fixed operating cylinder 84 for opening and in the disengaged position. This is done by the operating cylinder 85.

Additionally, valves in the case of cocks 45.48 for sealing and squeezing, as well as cleaning and drying. The cock 50.51 for blowing is connected to the stationary operating cylinder 86.87°86 ', 87' and -88, 89 and 90.91 . These operation cylinders are fixedly arranged on the end face of the solid shaft 63 as necessary. It will be done. In the case of a complete filter system with several individual filters arranged radially In some cases, it may be advisable to use a separate pump 92 to clean the filter. It is. As a result, the respective squeezing process in the active filter results in a pressure drop. Therefore, it is not interfered with.

FIG. 4 shows a multiple filter structure with closed filters. in this case Also, as described in connection with FIG. A supply pipe 57 is provided. Unlike the previous illustration, in Figure 4 the cleaning of the filter cake is also No longer considered, only filtration, squeezing and dry blowing are considered.

The structure on the left side of the solid shaft 63 is exactly the same as the structure in FIG. 3, so the corresponding explanation will be given below. The right side of the solid shaft 63 with the journal 73 has a dry air blower on the outside. - Equipped with a rotary joint 77 for air, and a rotary screw joint 92 for the turbid liquid supply section on the end face side. It is growing. The central turbid liquid supply leads to individual three-way valves 93.

This three-way valve is connected to the supply section 58. The supply section 57 further includes the individual supply sections 5 7 to form individual rings covering the intermediate chamber between adjacent disc filters. ing. The supply section is further connected to the discharge pipe 94, and the open collection ring 95 Another discharge pipe 96 is formed which returns to the slurry container 61. Therefore, after the end of the filtration process , and after switching the valve 93, the turbid tube 58 can be emptied again and become pressureless. Ru. The filtrate outlet 75 further communicates with the negative pressure chamber 42 . However, the structure in Figure 3 In contrast, the outer wall 78 is fixedly connected to the cover. Similarly, the cover 80 has A ventilation device 81 with an operating cylinder 82 is provided, but a swinging cylinder 83 is omitted.

The valve 93 is connected to an actuating cylinder 91.91' which is fixed via a rod 97 connected in the middle. operated by.

The working steps of dry blowing, opening, draining and possibly cleaning and filter closing are The pumping and possibly the filtration takes place at the discharge point of the respective filter. Ru. When selecting short steps, the device 81 with the actuating cylinder 82 is Can be placed heavily. In this case, the positional transition after drying blows the filter It must be done in a closed state.

FIG. 5 shows a filter disk 2 with two squeeze diaphragms 8 in each case. Different cross-sectional shapes and their associated rings are shown. top and center of each A common shaft 7 is provided. This central shaft, used as a tie rod, is It is energized by tension. This tensile force is calculated by the effective pressing surface (filtering surface) and per unit area. is caused by the product of the maximum surface pressure of Additionally, this central axis is responsible for disc weight and fill weight. It is necessary to overcome the bending load consisting of the amount. However, this load is relatively small .

On the central shaft there is a sleeve 9, preferably formed as a compression-molded part made of synthetic resin. 8 is inserted.

This sleeve simultaneously supports the individual filter discs 2 and the intermediate ring 99. There is. The sleeve 98 provides an annular passage 1 for the medium to be supplied and for the medium to be discharged. 2, 10.8.1. In this case, in the center, around the central axis, the compressed medium In the upper half of Figure 0, there is a compressed water passage 8.1 for supplying and discharging water. Two annular passages 10.12 are provided. Both roads discharge filtrate. It can be used to One side of this passage can be cleaned by switching. Can be used for supplying purified water or dry blowing air. The lower range of the diagram The enclosure is provided with a common annular passage 10.12.

This channel serves for filtrate drainage.

Each of the above-mentioned annular channels is connected to a different area of the respective filter disc. For example, the lower annular channel 8.1 connects to the center of the attached filter disc 2. and from there to each side behind the squeeze diaphragm 8. It leads to the left and right sides of the ruta disk. The annular passage 10 is connected to the left filtrate chamber. The annular passage 12 is connected to the filtrate chamber on the right. In this case, the filtrate discharge is Between the vertical groove side of the filter diaphragm 8 and the filter cloth 9, or between the filter plate 2 and the filter cloth 1 in FIG. It is performed from between 1. In this case, the annular passages are connected to the individual chambers and to each other. On the end side, it is sealed by an O-ring 100.101. Inside the circular passage into the annular passage to prevent the remaining liquid from flowing back into the chamber to which it belongs. The radial hole is provided with a radially projecting wart-like protrusion 102. this is, It is very important to prevent the compressed filter cake from becoming wet again.

In the embodiment, the radially inner range of the filter cloth 9.11 is vulcanized and welded to the rubber ring 103. The radially outer range is vulcanized and welded to the L-shaped rubber molded body 104.

The filter cloths 9 and 11 are surrounded by a rubber molded body 104 on the outside of the attached filter disk 2. It is preferably tightened as shown in the figure. Each filter cloth 9,1 1 is tightened in the axial direction by a rubber ring 103 on the inside, and is tightened by a tightening ring. The rings 105 and 106 are hermetically sealed within the prismatic moldings.

The individual filter discs 2 shown in the example shown are associated with a diaphragm. 8 as well as various cross-sectional shapes of the filter disc.

In this case, in particular, the inner annular bulge 107 and the outer molded bulge 108 are all The same is true for the diaphragm.

Illustrated examples of individual filter discs include various types of clamping ring fixings 109. various embodiments and of the ring 13 covering the intermediate chamber between adjacent filter discs. It shows a different embodiment. The simple ring 113 of the same diameter shown on the left is During the process, it is sealed by the diaphragm itself being squeezed.

The position shown by the hunting on the left is the open position, and the position shown by the dotted line is the closed position. It is. The seal is created by squeezing water pressure. This pressure is applied not only in the axial direction but also in the tightening direction. It also acts in the radial direction at the fitting bend, so that the associated diaphragm Transform accordingly. However, this seal shape only requires two per filter disc. This is only possible with two diaphragms.

Another embodiment of the chamber ring 114 is shown in the figure. This chamber ring In the second filter disk from the left in Fig. 5, the closed position is shown in the half cross-sectional view. The filter disk to the right is shown in the open position. blood The chamber ring is provided with commercially available seals 115 on both its outer surfaces.

This seal is activatable by the compressed medium and thus closes the compressed medium connection 116. We are prepared.

The illustration of the other filter disc on the right shows other variants of the chamber ring 13. There is. This chambering is ordered from left to right, first in the open position, then in the closed position. The location is indicative. To move from the open position to the closed position, slide appropriately in the axial direction. All you have to do is let it happen. The ring 13 has a constant diameter outer ring 14 and a variable diameter outer ring 14. It consists of an inner ring 15, which is attached to the inner ring 15, and a hose seal 16 located therebetween. this Such a chamber ring separates from the filtration cake upon pressure release, thus removing the chamber ring. This has the advantage that no frictional force is generated when the ring slides in the axial direction. Furthermore, because of the seal You only need to put a little bit of the edge on the edge of the two adjacent filter discs. The lateral spacing increases, with the overall structural length of the filter remaining unchanged.

In FIG. 6, the central axis and the cross-section of the annular passage are again shown for clarity. . As can be seen, the individual passage rings are attached to the central axis only with cutout moldings. It's listed.

FIG. 7 shows another example of a cross-sectional shape of a filter disk similar to that shown in FIG. Ru. However, in the case of Figure 7, each filter disc has one diaphragm. This is an example.

8 and 9 show a tightening ring 109,1 with a tightening bolt 112. Ten different shapes are shown. In particular, this tightening ring has two or three It is divided into. In this case, the tightening bolt 112 is can be placed in This tightening bolt particularly has a left-handed/right-handed thread.

In particular, to facilitate seal replacement, the fixed outer ring 14 is divided into two parts. Thus formed, the inner variable ring is formed by three parts. child In this case, the hose seal 16 is not particularly endless, but has two closed ends. this The closed ends are brought together at the separation point of the ring. Figure 11 looks like this A cross section of the separation point is shown. Figure 12 shows the corresponding range viewed from the end face side of the ring. FIG.

At the separation point of the inner ring 15, an elastic rubber wedge 120 vulcanized and welded is provided. A half-split member 119 made of thin plate is attached. The hose seal 16 is attached to this part. Guided through. An inner ring 15 consisting of a plurality of members is provided at the separation point, and the outer ring 15 is The protrusion has a hole 121 extending thereto. This hole is a stepped bolt. 122. This bolt tightens the leaf spring 123 to the outer ring 14. Therefore, when the hose seal is not energized, the inner ring 15 has a larger diameter. Become.

FIG. 13 shows all the elements arranged between the end plates 3.5, i.e. the supply and discharge part 2. 1.22, 23, worm gear device 19, drive motor 2o, sliding frame 17o 1 shows the filter 1 as a whole with a chamber ring 13 and a chamber ring 13. inserted into this picture The side view 14 shows the clamping arc 12 held and guided by the sliding frame 17. 6 arrangement structure and its arrangement structure in the chamber ring 13 are shown. this place In this case, the chamber ring 13 has an individual turbidity guide 57 and an inner ring 15. A second separation point 125 and other separation points are provided. The sliding frame 17 is It is designed as a hollow shaft with an actuating cylinder 18 mounted at its end. During ~ A clamping arcuate body 126 is clamped and fixed to the empty shaft. This tightening is arched Each body surrounds the disk filter by about 180 degrees. This tightening bow The required number of bodies 126 depends on the overall length of the disk set. This tightening bow A rail 124 is fixed to the forked end of the shaped body 126. on this rail Further, a chamber ring 13 is provided.

In this case, FIG. 14a shows that the separation point 125 for use in open filtration is partially This is a clear indication. For this filtration, a special turbid liquid supply in the chamber ring 13 is used. A supply department is unnecessary.

In FIG. 15, one different cross-section of the solid shaft is shown on the upper and lower sides. Ru. In this case, the upper half shows the passage 10.12 near the end plate 5, and the lower half shows the passage 10.12 near the end plate 5. The pressure passage 8.1 near the plate 3 is shown.

FIG. 16 shows a fixing portion of the tie rod 7 to the end plate 5 via a screw 127; The seals of the six filter discs and the annular passage relative to the end plate 5 are shown in partial section. It is. Moreover, in the upper half it is shown in relation to passage 10.12, and in the lower half The halves are shown in relation to the common passage. The rotation prevention member 128 is a tie rod. 7 and the end plate 5 are connected such that they cannot rotate relative to each other.

FIGS. 17 and 18 and FIGS. 19 and 20 show the chamber of separation point 129. The chamber ring 13 or the outer chamber ring 14 separated into two is mounted on a sliding frame. Two different examples are shown for connecting to 17 rails 124. This is all This is a generally preferred embodiment, and the joints can be easily assembled and disassembled. . In this case, of course, the connecting part must be able to absorb the tensile force of the seal pressure. Must be.

21 to 23 show the turbid liquid inlet 57 into the chamber ring 13. Ru. A hole is provided between the outer ring 14 of constant diameter and the inner ring 15 of variable diameter. A shield 16 is provided. This hose seal has a slit 130 at its end. It is equipped with

Thereby, in order to simplify the individual assembly of the hose seals, the hose seals can be It can be fastened to the inner ring 15. The turbid liquid inlet 131 is a filter chamber. It has a double-sided flap 132 on the underside. This flap is attached to leaf spring 133. Therefore, it can be kept closed. The flap 132 is preferably made of elastic synthetic resin (especially made of polypropylene) and grooved as a so-called film hinge It is equipped with 134. The turbid liquid inlet 131 is removed by a rubber press molded product 135. surrounded by This rubber press molded product allows for elastic shape changes. diameter The divided inner ring 15 that changes the rubber plate is It covers the molded product 135. Therefore, it is connected to the longitudinal sliding part of the wedge surface. When the inner diameter of the filter ring 15 becomes smaller, the entire turbid liquid inlet becomes part of the filter disk. It is pressed against the edge of the seal. When the pressure bias is released, the spring washer 137 The inlet insert is retracted again.

FIG. 24 shows a side view of a filter stand with a filter. In this case, Various filters are used for open filtration. The turbid liquid container 30 moved upward, A swing drive device W37 for the lifting cylinder 34 and the scraping comb-like body 35 a frame stand 140 equipped with a discharge comb-like body equipped with a discharge blade 25 and an operating mechanism 26; 24 is an indication. Furthermore, a cleaning comb-like body 27 equipped with a spray pipe 28 and an operating mechanism 29 is the indication.

Figure 25 is similar to Figure 24, but the turbid liquid container is cut away and shown. ing. Filter disk 2 and chamber ring 13, chamber ring 13 The arrangement structure of the fixed rail 124 is shown. Furthermore, the slide frame 17 has a A retained arcuate member 126 is shown. Similarly, it is equipped with an associated operating cylinder 33. The swinging paddle 32' is shown.

Similarly, a scraping tool 36 of a scraping comb-like body 35 is shown. very long fi In the case of a router, the associated shaft 139 for the scraping comb 35 is supported. This is a good purpose. The support half member 142 is useful for this purpose.

Figure 26 is similar to Figure 24 or Figure 25, but in this case the filter is in a position where it can be drained and cleaned. In this case, the turbid liquid container is lowered.

The filter is suspended from a cover support 141 that rests on a frame pedestal 140. . Equipped with an end plate 3, a drive motor 20 and a rotary screw joint 21 for supplying and discharging compressed water. The resulting filter is shown below.

Figure 27 is a simple diagram similar to Figure 26 showing the cleaning position for cleaning the filter. It is a diagram.

Figure 28 shows the operating state of the filter during the filtration process and a longitudinal section of the turbid liquid container. Ru. Further on the left side are a drive motor 20 and a rotary screw joint 21 for supplying and discharging compressed water. An end plate 3 is shown. On the right side there is an end equipped with a rotary joint 22 for draining the filtrate. Plate 5 is shown. For filters that undergo a cleaning process, there are two It is necessary to provide a discharge part, and a comb-shaped scraping device equipped with a scraping tool 36. The body 35 and the shaft supporting half member 142 are shown. All necessary drives The swing drive 37 on the left and the operating cylinder 38 on the right are likewise shown.

FIG. 29 is a diagram similar to FIG. 28. However, the turbid liquid container 30 is descending. . Furthermore, a discharge comb-like body 24 and a cleaning comb-like body 27 are shown.

FIG. 30 shows an individual filter of the structure of FIG. This filter It is supported directly on the beam stand 140. The central turbid liquid supply pipe is attached to the stand 143. It is attached. At the same time, lateral reinforcement is thereby achieved. individual ho The channel 144 communicates with the turbid liquid port 57 of the chamber ring 13 .

Furthermore, the arrangement of the distribution pipe for supplying the compression medium for the chamber ring 13 is shown.

In this case, the supply of the squeezing medium takes place via the pipe 116. for draining and cleaning The equipment is also clearly shown. Below the filter, a tank 1 is installed as a cleaning water collection device. 45 is arranged, this tank 145 is separated from the frame by rollers 146 on one side. The other side is connected to the drive cylinder 14 via a lever 147. It can be slid by B. During discharge, the filter cake passes through the funnel wall 149.150. and then fall into containers or conveyor belts or box storage containers. and f For filter cleaning, collection tank 145 is slid down the funnel wall.

FIG. 31 partially shows the filter of FIG. 30 from the front. Again, driven An end plate 3 with a motor 20 and a rotary screw joint 21 for supplying compressed water is shown. Furthermore , the sliding frame 17 with the operating cylinder 18 and the retaining arc 126 is clearly visible. This is an indication.

Furthermore, the arrangement of the cleaning combs 27 and the interior with individual connections to the inlet 144 The central turbid supply tube 58 is clearly visible. Similarly, the collection with rollers 146 Tank 145 is also clearly shown.

Figure 32 is a side view of the filter structure of Figure 3 for almost continuous operation; Ru. In this case six individual filters are provided. This filter is shown in Figure 3. are arranged radially around the central axis 63 already mentioned in connection with. each fill is fixed to a bracket 64 attached thereto. This bracket has The surface 152 of each receiver for the sliding frame 17 is fixed. In this case, hydro A drive device 67 with a motor 68 is fixed to the frame base 151. Fray The turbid liquid container 30 is lifted up by the cylinder 34 via the parallel rods 153 on the platform. It is installed so that it can be raised and lowered. Inside the container, as mentioned above, there is a swinging paddle 32'. is provided so as to be swingable via an operating cylinder 33. Furthermore, frame stand 15 1 is equipped with a discharge device, a cleaning device, and a swingable collection device 145 for cleaning water. I'm being kicked. A valve for sealing is provided in the connection of the filter to the solid shaft 63. A cock 45 and a valve cock 48 for squeezing are provided. Affiliated operation Cinda 8 6, 87 and an operating cylinder 85 for the sliding frame 17 are provided on the control plate 154. It is.

FIG. 33 shows a cross section of the turbid liquid container of FIG. 32. Filter 1 is a turbid liquid volume It is immersed in a container 30. The lower overlapped part shown is the turbid liquid container in the lowered position. It is 30. In the upper illustrated part, a scraping comb-like body 3 equipped with a scraping tool 36 is shown. 5 is oscillated between the filter discs of filter 1. The bottom side of Fig. The moved position is shown.

FIG. 34 shows a drive journal 66 of a solid shaft 63 with a worm gear device 67. , a pressurized oil supply and discharge section 69.70, and a pressurized water supply and discharge section 71. 72, valve cock 45.48 with operating drive 86.87 and individual filter 0 Example showing a half cross section of the oil supply section and discharge section 1550 to the tank 156 A central aperture disc 157 is provided.

FIG. 35 shows a partial cross section of the journal 73 on the filtrate side of the solid shaft 63. The nut includes the bracket 65, the valves 50, 51, the filtrate discharge part 75, and the rotating part thereon. A negative pressure vessel 42 with a negative pressure connection 43 is supported, and the press water and drying blower are connected to each other. - a rotatable cover 80 with a supply for air 76, 77; negative Inside the pressure vessel 42 there is also a closing device comprising an operating cylinder 82 and a swing cylinder 83. 81 is provided. Furthermore, an operating cylinder 88.88 for the attached valve 50.51 ', 89.89' is the indication.

FIG. 36 shows the negative pressure container 42 with the closure device 81 in detail. However, washing Purified water and dry blow air supplies are not provided. In other words, for pure filtration only. It is designed for In this case, FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 36a is a front view. It is. The sectional view in FIG. 36 on the right shows the closing device 81 in the lower region. , the upper half of this closure device is open and the lower half is closed. Upper half shown The filtrate enters negative pressure vessel 42 through hole 75 and exits through central tube 79. in this case , seal 155 is open and other seals 156 are closed. Below figure 36 on the right side The side part shows the blocked state. The cylinder 82 is sliding, thereby The valve 155 is closed and the seal 156 is open. This allows the attached filter to is connected to the outside air. In this case, the outside air takes a path as shown at 81°1.

FIG. 37 is a side view of the filter according to the schematic diagram of FIG. It is a layout structure. A solid shaft 63 with a journal 66 is supported on the support base 157. has been done. In this case, the solid shaft can be driven via a transmission 67 and a drive 68 It is. Furthermore, the arrangement structure of the sliding frame 17 and the compressed water supply pipe, which have already been described many times, and the rotary screw joint 21 for the associated valve 45,48 are shown. Additionally, a discharge comb The comb-like body 24 and the cleaning comb-like body 27 are arranged as described above.

Furthermore, the already mentioned collection vessel 145 for the wash water is clearly visible. Frame stand 1 Above or above 57 there is an operating cylinder 18 for the sliding frame 17 and an attached Operating cylinders 86, 87, 86', 87' for valves 45, 48 are provided. There is.

FIG. 38 is a view of the filter viewed from the opposite side to FIG. 37. In this case it is clearly As shown in FIG. It is equipped with a negative pressure container 42, a cover 80 to which this negative pressure container is fixed, and an operation cylinder cylinder 8. 2.

Furthermore, the individual connections 57 leading to the chamber ring 13 and the three-way valve 93 associated therewith A distribution pipe 58 is shown with a. The collection ring 95 and the dryer provided on the control board. Figure 39 for drying blow air and turbid liquid valve 50.93 journal of solid shaft 63 73 is a partial cross-sectional view. This journal includes a filtrate discharge hole 75, a negative pressure container 42, and a cover. A bar 80 , a supply of dry blow air 76 and a turbid liquid discharge 92 are provided.

In this case, the turbid liquid is guided through the entire journal and into the curved tube 159 on three sides. It is led to the distribution pipe 58 via the valve 93. Exhaust pipe 94 leads to central exhaust pipe 96 It is guided to the collection gutter 95. Blow air with attached operating cylinder 88.91 Air valve 50 is shown.

Furthermore, a turbid liquid valve 93 with associated actuating cylinders 88', 91' is shown.

Furthermore, a closing device 81 with an associated actuating cylinder 82 is arranged in the negative pressure vessel 42 . It is placed.

FIG. 40 shows a sliding frame equipped with a sliding wedge-shaped member 40 and a hydraulic valve 41 as a contact valve. The frame 17 is shown in detail. Inside the bearing portion 160 of the sliding frame 17, there is a sliding rotor. A hook member 164 is additionally shown. This sliding lock member is the sliding frame 17 be fixed in the sliding position. The extended bearing journal 161 of the sliding frame 17 is It is housed in a receiving case 160. A spring 166 is installed in the bearing journal 165. A sliding pin 161 for pre-compression is inserted. The sliding pin 161 has a circumferential groove 162. Well, this circumferential groove accommodates several balls that are movable in the radial direction within the bearing journal 161. Collaborate with. This ball is provided with a prismatic groove in the bearing case 164. There is. In the illustrated right-hand arrangement, sliding movement of the bearing journal 165 is not possible.

However, the bearing journal is arranged such that the balls 163 fall radially into the circumferential groove. When the ring 1610 circumferential groove 162 slides, the bearing journal 165 can move in the axial direction. It is Noh. This state is shown on the left side of FIG.

FIG. 41 shows the upper half of the joint section of the modified disc filter. da Filters with alternating stops in the axial direction to enable dynamic filtration A disk and a rotating filter disk are provided one after the other. tie rod 7 A rotatable shaft designed as a rotatable shaft supports the filter disc 2, 2.1.

The filter discs alternately define the sides of the filter chamber 1a. In this case, the file The filter disc 2.1 is mounted on the tie rod 7 in a relatively non-rotatable manner, and the filter disc 2.1 is The disk 2 is rotatably mounted on the tie rod 7. Furthermore, the sleeve 98 Tighten and fix the router disc 2.1 in the axial direction.

Through the center of the filter disc 2.1 and the aforementioned sleeve 98 there is a channel for press water. A channel 8.1 and a filtrate channel 10.12 extend. In this case, the passage 12 is used for cleaning water. It can be used as an inlet passage for dry blow air.

The filter disk 2 is rotatably supported in the sleeve 98 . child These members can be made of synthetic resin. Therefore, since the rotation speed is low, the sliding shaft It is sufficient to use a water filter, especially in the washing water range, where liquid friction is caused by the washing water. If the zero rotation speed is high, it is natural to use a rolling bearing with an appropriate seal. be done. The filter disc 2 is equipped with squeeze diaphragms 8 on both sides. this place In this case, the area on the left side of Figure 41 includes a continuously extending diaphragm of rubber-like material. It shows. In the right-hand region of FIG. 41, various embodiments of the pressing device are shown. be. This squeezing device consists essentially of a fixed wall 8.2, which wall is radially outwardly filter disc 2 via an elastic annular diaphragm 168 tightened. is connected in a sealed manner. The squeeze walls 8, 2 are made in particular of synthetic resin. fixed pressure The seal of the squeeze wall is provided radially inwardly and in front, as is known per se. This is done by a sealing ring with a friction ring. This sliding wall Filtrate drainage from is preferably via a flexible hose 169. This ho The second end of the filter disk 2 is connected to the filter disk 2.

FIG. 42 shows a side view of the arrangement structure of the flexible hose 169.

The filter disc 2.1, which is mounted so as not to rotate relative to the tie rod 7, is flat. It can have planar and inclined filtration surfaces. In this case, this filtration surface is of course , can be formed in a concave or convex shape.

If the filter surface of the filter disc 2.1 is inclined or curved, the elasticity It is advantageous to use a strong squeeze diaphragm. Filtration of filter disc 2.1 The surface is inclined (see illustration on the right side of Fig. 41), and a fixed diaphragm compression wall is provided. 41, this compression wall extends in the axial direction of the tie rod 7, as shown on the right side of FIG. can also be applied to the inclined surface of the filter disk 2.1. It is formed like this. For this purpose, the squeeze wall is provided with a suitable expansion groove 170 on the back side. It is enough just to know.

The filter disk 2.1 is covered with a filter medium 9, and the filter disk 2 is filled with a filter medium 9. A medium 11 is stretched. This filtration media can be a regular woven fabric, in which case the shear Therefore, this fabric is reinforced with a coarse fabric made of wire or synthetic resin. It is desirable that However, fine and very fine wire fabrics, fine and Very fine perforated plates, felt and acicular felt, sintered materials, porous synthetic resins , and ultrafiltration permeable diaphragms can be used as filtration media. Affiliation The fixation of the filtration media on the support depends on the material of the filtration media. A suitable example of this are known to those skilled in the art and will therefore not be described in detail here.

Rotating a resilient annular diaphragm 168 sealing the stationary squeeze wall radially outwardly. In order to release the load from the rolling tightening part, as shown on the right side of Fig. 41, Attach the back side of the compressed wall to the main body of the filter disc 2 with bolts or a flat molded member. Preferably, it is slidably guided within.

FIG. 41 shows various embodiments of the chamber ring 13 described above. . For example, on the left side of FIG. A cross section of chamber ring 13 with ring 15 and hose seal 16 is shown. Ru. On the right side, the chamber ring 13 of the mechanical tightening device is shown. . Especially in the case of this structure, the surface cladding is made of a hard material and a soft material. It's convenient to have. To this end, a resilient annular diaphragm 168 forms the seal. A feature 175 may be provided.

The open chamber ring is usually connected to a filter rotatably mounted on the tie rod 7. It has sufficient play with respect to the outer diameter of the data disk 2. However, the filter disk To prevent large frictional force from occurring when the chamber ring 2 accidentally comes into contact with the chamber ring 13. In order to do this, a sliding ring 174 can be inserted into this chamber ring.

The axial seal between the filter disc 2a and the sleeve 98 is zero in the area of the boss. - carried out by ring 101; A filter rotatably installed on the tie rod 7 The radial seal of the filter disc 2a to the data disc 2 is provided by a flat ring , is performed by a so-called bank ring 171. This back ring is usually An O-ring 172 consisting of Freon and located behind it to provide the necessary pre-compression. It is equipped with This can prevent solids from entering. against liquid The sealing is performed by a lip seal 173 located below.

FIG. 43 shows an individual chamber with mechanical toggle lever closure device 176. 13.

In order to deform the chamber ring 13 to reduce its diameter, this chamber ring is The elastic intermediate member 177 is preferably made of rubber or elastomeric material. It is equipped with This intermediate member is vulcanized and welded to the chamber ring 13 or be stopped.

In this case, the toggle lever closing device is operated by the actuating cylinder 178. to Since the gable lever closure device self-locks in the closed position, the necessary pre-biasing is provided by the eccentric bolt. 179. The open state of the toggle lever closing device is shown in Figure 44. This is an indication.

FIG. 45 is a side view of FIG. Arrangement of turbid liquid inlet 180 and operation cylinder 182 for Ruta scraping tool 181 It shows the structure. The cross-sectional view in FIG. 46 shows this filter scraping tool 181 from the rear. This is a view from the side.

In the embodiment of FIG. 47, the closing device 176 of the chamber ring 13 is attached to the eccentric body 183. Therefore, it is operated.

In this case, FIG. 47 shows the open position of the chamber ring 13 with the closing device 176. It shows. In contrast, FIG. 48 shows the closed position. Figure 49 is the 47th The top view of the figure shows the closure device 176 in the closed position.

FIG. 50 shows a hole 184 for operation by a shaft having multiple keys. An eccentric closure device 183 is shown. This embodiment has multiple chamberings back and forth. It can be advantageously used when the

A correspondingly designed oscillating drive can also be provided for the scraping tool.

Operation is via a shaft 185 having multiple keys, as shown in FIG.

FIG. 52 is a longitudinal section passing through the solid shaft formed as the tie rod 7, showing an open circle. A plate filter is shown. At both ends on the opposite side of this solid shaft are nuts 186 and Both end plates 3 and 5 are provided. A solid shaft 7 is supported on both end plates.

A filter disk rotatably mounted on the solid shaft 7 and a filter disc rotatably mounted on the solid shaft 7 and a filter disc rotatably mounted on the solid shaft 7, The filter discs provided in the filter are arranged in succession in an alternating sequence. For normal filtration and cleaning process, the tie rod 7 and axial bearing 187 have a small axial Only force acts. Large axial forces are generated only when squeezing the filter cake at high pressures. live. In this case, in particular the rotary drive is switched off, so the corresponding bearing is Only need to design for large static loads. Of course, the axial rolling bearing Alternatively, an axial plain bearing can be provided.

Each of the end plates 3.5 has a single-sided filter disc with an inwardly facing filtration surface. 2.2 is axially supported. Both filter discs 2.2 are attached to it. It is supported in a sleeve 98 which is made of metal. Axis for this filter disc 2.2 The directional play is adjusted by the thickness of the spacer disk 188.

Only when cleaning the entire filter should the filter disc 2.2.2 be removed e.g. It is necessary to entrain it by the adhesion friction of the Al bearing. Even with high pressing forces , so that the reaction force can be absorbed by the corresponding surface of the end plate 3.5. For this purpose, it is expedient to keep the rear side of the filter disk 2.2 active. Besides that In order to A movable cover 190 with rollers 191,192 is provided. at the time of squeezing First, this cover 190 is pressed against the attached end plate by means of a squeezing medium. downward When the compressed water in the located compressed water container 54 is discharged by the dip pipe, a negative pressure is generated. , whereby the cover 190 is retracted again. Figure 52 shows the filtrate and wash Central discharge and supply section 10.1 for water, dry blow air and compressed water 8.1 2 is a clear indication. For long filter sets, place the filtration passages on both end plates. It is a good idea to put

FIG. 53 is a side view of a filter having multiple filter discs. This fi The router disk is supported on the base 193 by the central axis already mentioned many times. . In this case, a centrally rotatably mounted filter disk and a solid shaft with relative rotation are provided. Adjacent filter disks that are connected in a non-rotating manner are provided alternately.

This allows the stationary filter disc to be connected to the rotating filter disc and the following stationary filter disc. Together with the filter disks, they each form a double filtration chamber, with the above-mentioned unit The knit is covered by chambering. In this case, Fig. 53 slides to the side. Since the filter is shown with a chamber ring 13, each with a central axis 7 The filter disk, which is mounted so as to be relatively non-rotatable, can be seen. Rotatable on central axis The provided filter disk is surrounded in this position by a chamber ring 13. It is rare. In its outer circumferential area, this disc is equal to the width of the chamber ring 13. have approximately the same width. As already mentioned in connection with Figure 52, the filter disc This filter tasset with 2.2° 1.2.2 and end plate 3.5 has a nut 18 6 and are tightened by tie rods 7. The solid shaft is equipped with a worm gear. It is driven by a drive motor 20 via a motor 19 . In Figure 53, the already mentioned , the filter is in the open position. Chamber with turbid liquid supply 180 The ring 13 is fixed to a common sliding frame 17 and attached to the fibre, as already described. For the opening of the router, it is slid as a whole unit by means of the operating cylinder 18. .

FIG. 54 is a view of the filter of FIG. 52 viewed from the right end surface. End plate 5, turbid liquid supply Chamber ring 13 with feed section 180, associated operation for chamber ring 13 A tightening device 176 with an operation device 178 and an operation for the scraping tool 181. A working device 182 is shown. The solid line indicates that the operating devices 178 and 182 are filter sets. The entire drive system for the is shown.

The dash-dotted lines indicate the individual drives of this operating device. In the side view of Figure 54 , the already described structure of the discharge vane 25 with the operating mechanism 26 for filter cake discharge is shown. It is. Similarly, a cleaning comb 27 with a spray tube 28 and an operating mechanism 29 is shown. It is. In the embodiment shown in Figure 54, the filter is It is necessary to reverse the direction of rotation of the filter disc with respect to the direction of rotation during rotation.

The above filter can be assembled and disassembled very easily. filter disc If only a small number of filters are required, the entire filter can be supported on a cantilever via the end plate 3. can do.

After removing the front nut clamp and after removing the end plate 5, The filter disc can be slid or pushed away. Chamber ring 13 After releasing its suspension from the sliding frame 17, the entire filter set is You can easily push it away. Chamber via hanging link clamp Suspension of the ring 13 takes place via an eccentric bolt 194. Each chamberi The position of the ring 13 can be adjusted via this eccentric bolt 194 as follows. Ru. In other words, the gap for the filter disk to which it belongs is everywhere as mentioned above. can be adjusted to remain constant.

FIG. 55 shows both filter discs 2.3 closed by chamber ring 13 A filter diagram showing a partial cross-section of a disc filter with an intermediate chamber between The disks each have on one side a squeeze diaphragm or a Equipped with a seed pressing board. Only the connecting part between this pressing plate and filter disk has been described. It is different from that of. This will be discussed when explaining FIG. 56. Each frame On the other side, the filter disc has a second filter attached via a circumferential seal 195. It is equipped with a router disc.

The side of this second filter disk facing the chamber is lined with filtration media. . For dynamic filtration, part of the filter disc is can be rotated relative to other parts of the block. In this case, the circumferential direction According to rule 195, there is no solid material between the two filter disks set inside each other. No turbid liquid enters.

FIG. 56 shows another modification of the filter disc. Filter disc 2 is with squeeze diaphragms on both sides or with squeeze walls 8.2 on both sides. This is a filter disc with a very small disc width. In this case, the disk width is Viewed as an outer contour, it is constant over the entire disc profile.

In other words, a disc filter does not have a recess to form a chamber. , the rubber collar 168.1 is formed as a double collar, with an outer diffuser green completely covered. The squeeze wall is also provided with an expansion groove 170, so that the It can also be hit against an opponent wall with a pad.

Other filter discs 2.4 have only one diaphragm or squeeze plate on one side. We are prepared. On the other hand, the other side is formed smoothly and is only covered with the filter media 9. . However, this surface may also be formed in a slightly conical shape. In both cases filter disc Since the filtration medium is stretched over the compressed wall of the Each side of the tank is lined with filtration media.

Since the rubber collar 168 does not require rotation, an additional entrainer 19 is also required in this case. 6 is provided.

This driver is designed for very long rotational distances of the press plate. Therefore A double-sided carriage guide 197 is provided behind the fixed filter disc. (See the rear view in Figure 56a and the partial plan view in Figure 56b). This carry In the case of a guide, a guide strip 199 is inserted above the flat guide pin 198 on the side. is included. The upper end of this guide strip 199 is pressed against the diaphragm by a pin 200. It is fixed to the bracket 201 of the squeeze wall 8. As shown by the dashed line (Fig. 56) ), the squeezing wall has a very large rotation distance. The vertical groove of the filter disk is the 56th This is shown in Figure b.

In the upper half of FIG. 57 a boss with a liquid passage and an entraining web 202 is shown. Ru. Around the solid shaft 7 there are first a compressed water channel 8.1, a filtrate channel 10 and a filtrate channel. 12 are provided. This filtrate passage 12 simultaneously carries wash water and dry blow air. It's also a passage.

As can be seen, only passages 12 are perforated in the entraining web 202 and the compressed water The passage 8.1 is perforated diagonally and opens from the boss near the center of the filter disc. There is.

FIG. 58 shows a filter set drive device for the filter disc of FIG. 56. The side end plate 3 is shown. Fixed end plate 3.1 has boss 4 and outer ring 20 It forms a unit with 3. Inside the boss are liquid passages 10.12, 8.1. Contains connections for. The liquid passages are sealed together by seals 204. is being controlled. As mentioned above, the tie rod 7, which is also a solid shaft, is connected to the filter assembly. It supports the entire kit and both end plates 3.5 with bearing journals 4. Required tightening Fitting is done via a nut clamp. Bearing journal 4 is inserted into boss 205. inserted, supported via ball bearings 206, 207, and held by a nut 186. It's constricting.

The rotating end plate 3 is connected to the rotating seal 208 within the outer ring 203 of the stationary end plate 3.1. Therefore, it is sealed. Unlike chamber ring 13, the entire filter set is suspended. The bridging sliding outer wall 13.1 is connected on both sides to the outer ring 203 of the end plate 3.1. by mechanically tightening the arcuate member 176 and the elastic intermediate member 177. Thus, it is sealed via a static seal 209.

In FIG. 59, the seal 208 to the end plate 3 and outer ring 203 is shown in the radial seal. This is shown as a file.

FIG. 60 shows another example of the non-contact seal 210. This sticker is Rabin It is formed as a spanking. The leakage that flows out is drained through the hole 211 at the bottom. The liquid is taken out and returned to a turbid liquid container (not shown). Furthermore, the cleaning medium ( gas or liquid). This cleaning medium is The liquid then reaches the filtrate chamber and is discharged again as a filtrate.

Other examples of contactless seals include axial and/or radial gaps in rotating members. by inserting a screw into the turbidity chamber and tilting the screw toward the turbid chamber as it rotates. It will be done. A pumping action is thereby achieved which prevents the ingress of turbid liquid.

Figure 61 shows the finished filter with various filter discs 2, 2゜1. FIG. This filter disc may be formed in the various shapes mentioned above. In this embodiment, a fixed end plate 361 with a boss 205 is attached to the sleeve 2. 12, it is connected in a cantilevered manner to a transmission 19 and a drive motor 20. Transmission The device 19 is supported on a base 213 via a bracket. fixed end plate 5 ．． 1 has a head support via an axially movable bracket 214. It is suspended from the body 215.

Similarly, the head support includes an elastic intermediate member 177 and a tightening locking member 176. A sliding outer wall 130 is movably suspended via a carrier.

The sliding outer wall 13.1 is shown in cross section in the open position. This sliding outer wall 13.1 is Remove the filter set when the filter disc is stationary and when it is rotating. It can be slid over the entire length. The sliding outer wall can be tightened and closed, and The filtration chamber of the fixed end plate 3°1.5.1 can be sealed by The filtration is as mentioned above. It can be done as follows. The entire center axis 7! ! Is it a power transmission bag? &190 mounting section and , on the suspension bracket 214 of the head support 215.

The above structure is very advantageous for servicing. filter disc repair To replace this, the support device 216 is closed. Thereby, the end plate 3゜1 is supported on a stand. The nut clamp is then removed from the solid shaft 7 and the end plate 5.1 is It can be removed from the solid shaft 7 as a unit. solid shaft 7 by end plate 3゜1 It can be mounted and the individual filter plates removed or pushed away.

FIG. 62 is a side view of a portion of the filter. Equipped with a movable bracket 214. The finished end plate 5.1 and the filtrate outlet 10.12 are shown.

FIG. 63 is a side view of the completed filter. In this case, the support device 2 It is cut in the range of 16. The support device 216 is in an open position on the left side; The right side is in the insertion position. The end plate 3.1 is thereby supported. Operation is by hydraulic system. This is done by Linda 217. An operating cylinder 18 attached to the sliding outer wall 13.1 2 and a pocket 218 for a swingable scraping tool 181 equipped with a turbid liquid supply section. I can see that you are being kicked. Furthermore, the sliding outer wall 13.1 is provided with an elastic member 177. A closing locking element 176 and an associated actuating cylinder 178 are provided. sliding outer wall 13.1 is suspended from a carriage 220 via a suspension strip 219. This running platform is slid by the operating cylinder 221. On the right side of the diagram, the filter cake discharge A comb-like body 24 is shown. A cleaning device is also shown. Figure 64 is Figure 63 FIG. 2 is a plan view of the entire device.

FIG. 65 shows another modification of the filter structure. In this case, the end plate 3゜1 is It is rotatably supported directly on the central shaft 7 via a rib 98 .

At this time, the axial force during squeezing is directly transmitted to the axial bearing 223 via the end plate. , and is transmitted therefrom to sleeve 222. This sleeve is attached to the flap through the nut. The entire filter center is tightened and fixed to the central shaft 7. Sleeve 222 and casing The rotary seal 204 between the rings 224 is here configured as a double seal.

A hole 225 is provided between both seals. This hole can be used as a leakage indicator on the one hand. On the other hand, it can be used as a lubricant supply passage.

FIG. 66 shows another bearing side without a liquid passage. Similarly, in this case, Axial loads are transferred to sleeve 226 via pressure bearings. This sleeve is Similarly, it is tightened and fixed to the solid shaft 7 via a nut 186. ball bearing 227 transmits radial bearing forces to sleeve 228. This sleeve is a movable sliding Fixed to a moving bracket.

FIG. 68 clearly shows a cross section of the chamber ring 13 described above. On the other hand, the 6th The cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 shows the turbid liquid inlet. This inlet is the filter disk. Both sides of the filter disk 2, 2.1 are open, so that the filter disk can be removed by simple means. Adjacent left and right chambers can be filled.

Of course, all dynamic filters can also be configured as multiple filters. Ru. In this case, the end plate is usually fixed and does not rotate, so this filter has a significantly different structure. becomes easier. On the one hand, the end plates act as bearings for the central shaft 7, so that Separate bearings are not required; on the other hand, the end plate can be used as a rotating threaded joint for the inside of the liquid straw. This function eliminates the need for a rotary joint.

FI’o i jri θ29 Ft’g25 b-ri42 Fgsma Submission of translation of written amendment (Article 184-8 of the Patent Law) December 27, 1988

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Multiple filters spaced apart from each other on a common central axis and lined with filtration media on both sides. A filter with several filter discs and a filtrate outlet in the central area. In this case, a filter disc (2) is provided between two end plates (3, 5) which are arranged slidably in the axial direction on the shaft (7), in this case each intermediate chamber ( 1.1), the at least one defining wall (8) of the squeezing device ( 8) 1. A filter characterized in that the intermediate chamber (1.1) is provided with means for completely filling the turbid liquid. 2. All filter discs (2) can be surrounded by at least one annular outer wall (13.1) which is axially slidable for sealing against the outside. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The annular outer wall (13.1) consists of at least two rings (13). 3. A device according to at least claim 2, characterized in that: 4. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the rings (13) are fixed to each other in the axial direction. 5. characterized in that each ring (13) covers an intermediate chamber (1.1) between two adjacent discs (2) in order to form a closable turbid liquid chamber (1.1'). A device according to at least claim 4. 6. Each ring (13) covers an intermediate chamber between three adjacent discs (2) in order to form a closable double turbid chamber (1.1, 1.1'). 5. A device according to at least claim 4, characterized in that: 7. Between the two wide filter discs (2) there is in each case one narrow filter disc (2.1), which is located between the two wide filter discs (2). 7. Device according to at least claim 6, characterized in that the interspace (1.1) is equal to or narrower in width than the circumferential area of this filter disc (2). 8. Each ring (13) has a width approximately equal to the circumferential area of the wide filter disc (2). According to at least one of claims 6 and 7, the width is the same. equipment. 9. 9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring (13) is variable in its inner diameter, at least in the axial range. 10. Each ring (13) is laterally split at at least one circumferential point to change the diameter and is provided with a mechanical closure (176) there; characterized in that it comprises an elastic member (177) between the bent ends. The device according to claim 9. 11. A small device characterized by a rubber shock absorber fitted as an elastic member. Apparatus according to at least claim 10. 12. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the mechanical closing device is designed as a toggle lever device. 13. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the mechanical closing device comprises an eccentric (183) as closing means. 14. 14. Device according to at least claim 13, characterized in that the mechanical closing device comprises an adjusting eccentric (179) for adjusting the closing diameter of the ring (13). 15. 15. Device according to at least one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the mechanical closing device comprises a motor drive (178). 16. At least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each ring (13) or annular outer wall (13.1) is provided with at least one inlet for turbid liquid (180). The device described. 17. The inlet (57) is equipped with a check valve (131) to prevent backflow of the turbid liquid. 17. A device according to at least claim 16, characterized in that: 18. Claim 17, characterized in that the non-return valve (131) is designed as a non-return flap valve (132) co-operating with a closing spring (133). equipment. 19. The lower surface of the flap valve (132) is aligned with the inner surface of the attached ring (13, 15). 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the device has a flat surface. 20. characterized in that each ring (113) is integrally formed with a cylindrical inner surface and is sealable in the closed position by a radially expandable diaphragm (8). 20. A device according to at least one of claims 1 to 19. 21. 20. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each ring (13) consists of at least two halves (14). 22. An inflatable seam as a radially expandable diaphragm surface. 21. The device according to at least claim 20, characterized in that a ring (115) is provided and the seal is provided in a circumferentially extending internal groove provided in the edge area of the ring (114). . 23. Each ring (13) consists of an outer ring (14) of constant diameter and an inner ring (15) of variable diameter, between which there is at least one inflatable cavity (16). 21. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that it is provided. 24. 24. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the outer ring (14) is formed by two parts and the inner ring (15) is formed by three parts. 25. 25. Device according to claim 24, characterized in that the inner ring and the outer ring are biased relative to each other at the point of separation by leaf springs or disc springs (123, 137). 26. 11. Device according to at least claim 10, characterized in that each separation book (129) is connected to a mechanical clamping device. 27. The shaft (7) of the filter (1) is placed in a dipping platform (140), to which a turbid liquid container (30) is attached, thereby completely immersing the filter (1) into the turbid liquid. 27. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be fully immersed. 28. The immersion table (151) is formed as a swinging arm (153), and this swinging arm The shaft is non-rotatably mounted on the shaft in order to be rotatably supported around the shaft. 28. Device according to at least claim 27, characterized in that: 29. At least one, characterized in that the shaft (63) is connected to a rotary drive (67) and is movable by this rotary drive (67) to a desired rotational angular position. The apparatus according to claim 28. 30. Claim 28, characterized in that a plurality of oscillating arms (64, 65) are provided radially arranged on the shaft (63), each of which is associated with a filter. and the apparatus according to at least one of paragraph 29. 31. A common central shaft (7) of each filter (1) is rotatably supported and 31. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it comprises a rolling drive (19). 32. Each annular outer wall (13.1) or ring (13) is non-rotatably provided. According to at least one of claims 1 to 31, equipment. 33. characterized in that a baffle plate is provided in the turbid liquid container (30), which baffle plate is swingable from a rest position into the intermediate chamber (1.1) between the filter discs (2), Apparatus according to at least one of claims 1 to 32. 34. Particularly, a power drive (37) is provided for performing the rocking movement. 34. A device according to at least claim 33, characterized in that: 35. A baffle plate (35) is provided so as to be able to reciprocate perpendicularly to the swing plane. 34. A device according to at least claim 33, characterized in that: 36. A small device characterized in that the baffle plate (35) is provided with an arc-shaped molded body. Apparatus according to claim 33. 37. Around the central axis (7) an annular channel is provided for the process medium to be supplied and discharged. At least the claims 1 to 36, characterized in that: The device also mentioned in one. 38. An annular passage is formed as a sleeve (98) sealed to each other, 38. The device according to at least claim 37, characterized in that the length of the rib is equal to the spacing of the next filter disk plus the width of the attached filter disk (2). Place. 39. At least each filter disc (2.3) is radially separated, one disc side rotatably mounted on the central shaft (7) and the other disc side connected in a relatively non-rotatable manner to the central shaft (7). Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 38, characterized in that: 40. A filter disc rotatably mounted on the shaft and a filter disc rotatably mounted on the shaft. 40. Device according to at least claim 39, characterized in that the intermediate chamber (1.1) between the filter disk and the filter disk is provided with a seal (195) that prevents the ingress of turbid liquid. . 41. Each disk (2.1) mounted on the central shaft (7) in a relatively non-rotatable manner is positioned so as not to change the spacing with respect to the adjacent filter disc (2) mounted rotatably on the shaft (7). 40. Device according to at least claim 39, characterized in that all opposing sides are lined with filtration media (9, 11). 42. A small compressor, characterized in that the squeezing device (8) is equipped with a diaphragm (9) made of a rubber-elastic material, which diaphragm is tightened on the inside and outside in the radial direction. Apparatus according to at least claim 1. 43. Each diaphragm has a rounded cross section or a prismatic cross section radially inwardly and outwardly. It is characterized in that it has a bulge-like edge (107, 108) having a cross section, and that this edge is sandwiched and tightened via a tightening piece (105, 106, 109) having a corresponding mating shape. Apparatus according to at least claim 42. 44. The outer edge of the diaphragm (8) is tightened by the attached filter disc (2). is bent to tighten axially through the fastening web, thereby The diaphragm has an expansion bulge in this area that allows radial expansion of the diaphragm (8). At least the device according to claim 43, characterized in that the device is formed with a recessed portion. Place. 45. A ring consisting of multiple members is used to tighten the outside of the diaphragm (8). 45. Device according to at least one of claims 42 to 44, characterized in that a plug (109) is used. 46. The filter cloth (11) is a substantially rectangular rubber molded body (103), and the outer side is an L-shaped rubber molded body (103). 46. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that it is vulcanized and welded to the molded body (104). 47. characterized in that the radially inner extent of each diaphragm (168) is clamped to the radially outer extent of the axially slidable squeeze wall (8.2), at least as claimed in claim 42. Apparatus described in section. 48. At least one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the diaphragms are covered by the filtration medium only in the region of the squeeze wall (8.2), and that the radially outer region of each diaphragm (168) is provided with a sealing profile (108). The device according to scope 47. 49. Rotate the squeeze wall (8.2) relative to the attached filter disc (2). 48. Device according to at least claim 47, characterized in that each squeeze wall (8.2) is provided with guiding means (199) on its rear side for guiding the device in a controlled manner. 50. Each squeeze wall (8.2) is provided with a recess (170) on the back surface, which recess forms a flat surface. a small type, characterized in that it allows the deformation of the squeezing wall (8.2) from a surface to a conical shape; Apparatus according to claim 47. 51. On the back side of the squeeze wall (8.2) there is at least a flexible joint for draining the filtrate. A hand (169) is provided, the second end of which is connected to the discharge connection (12). 48. A device according to at least claim 47, characterized in that: 52. At least one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the filter surface of the filter disc (2.1), which is connected to the central shaft (7) in a rotationally fixed manner, extends parallel to the plane. 42. The device according to paragraph 41. 53. At least one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the filter surface of the filter disk (2.1), which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the central shaft (7), is concave or convex. 42. The device according to paragraph 41. 54. Scraping device (181) with a movement drive (182) in the annular outer wall (13.1) or in each ring (13) for each intermediate chamber (1.1) between the two filter surfaces Claims 1 to 53, characterized in that the scraper is provided with a scraper and that the scraper is movable into the intermediate chamber (1.1) as required. Apparatus according to at least one of the above. 55. Each scraping tool (181) is provided with a turbid liquid inlet (180), and the inlet (180) opens into a hollow chamber (218) provided at the rear of the scraping tool (181). The device according to at least one of claims 16 to 54. 56. A filter disc (2.2) rotatably mounted on the central shaft (7) is provided resting on one side on the attached end plate (3), with this filter disc being rotatable on the central shaft (7). at least a plate (190) having seals (191, 192) on the loading side thereof, and allowing the plate (190) to slide only slightly in the axial direction. The device according to item 1. 57. Note that the ring (13, 13.1) is mounted on the sliding cage (17) via a suspension strip (219) so that it is also concentric with the filter shaft (7) during the closing movement. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 56, characterized in that: 58. characterized in that an eccentric pin (194) is provided for adjusting the ring (13, 13.1) provided on the suspension strip (219) relative to the filter shaft (7), 58. A device according to at least claim 57. 59. A filter disc (2) rotatably mounted on the central shaft (7) 59. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 58, characterized in that it is provided with a sliding ring (174) around its periphery. 60. An ejection device (24) with a movable ejection spatula (25) is provided, which ejection spatula is arranged and guided so as to be insertable between the filter discs (2). Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 59, characterized in that: 61. An outer cleaning device (27) with a cleaning nozzle (28) is provided, which the cleaning nozzle (28) provided in the extension can be inserted between the filter discs (2, 2.1) and in this case sprays at least the filter medium (9, 11); An apparatus according to at least one of claims 1 to 16. 62. Claims 1 to 61, characterized in that all filtrate discharges (1) from the filter are guided into a common container (42) held at negative pressure. The device according to at least one of the above. 63. A container (42) is rotatably mounted on a journal (73') of the shaft (63). Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 62, characterized in that: 64. A filtrate outlet (75) leading to the container (43) under negative pressure is connected to a venting device for at least one filter area, which venting device simultaneously connects the container (42) to the vented area. Device according to at least one of the claims 1 to 63, characterized in that it is sealed against. 65. The filtrate discharge part (75) is connected to the collection connection part (79) connected to the container (42). and in this case at least one passage within the transition to the collecting connection (79). 65. Device according to at least claim 64, characterized in that an air device (81) is provided. 66. 66. Device according to at least claim 65, characterized in that the ventilation device (81) is arranged in a variable position and is associated with different filtrate discharges (75). 67. Claims 1 to 66, characterized in that the squeeze valves (50, 51) arranged in the supply and discharge pipes can be operated by fluid-operated operating cylinders (88, 89). The device according to at least one of