JPH099502A - Demand control device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The operation of the load group is controlled to suppress the peak of power consumption and to reduce the contract electricity charge. [Configuration] Load group 1-1 including heat storage load such as electric water heater
Power measuring means 1-3 for measuring the used power of the load, and power predicting means 1-4 for predicting the used power of the load 1-1b other than the heat storage load in a predetermined time zone based on the measured power usage of the load group, Of the target power setting means 1-5 for setting the target value of the used power, the required power consumption detection means 1-6 for detecting the required power consumption of the heat storage load 1-1a, and the load 1-1b other than the heat storage load. Based on the predicted value of the power consumption, the preset target power, and the required power consumption of the heat storage load 1-1a, the heat storage load 1-1a is operated within a predetermined time period so that the total power consumption does not exceed the target power. And a load control means 1-8 for controlling the heat storage load 1-1a based on the output signal of the control calculation means 1-7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a demand control device for suppressing a peak value of power consumption by load control and reducing an electricity usage charge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art (Prior Art 1) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-1 / 1993 discloses an apparatus for controlling a heat storage type electric device (hereinafter referred to as a heat storage load) such as an electric water heater to reduce a power usage charge.
There was a boiling control device for an electric water heater disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 41779. The configuration will be described below with reference to FIG. In the figure, 37-1a and 37-1b are hot water storage parts, 37-2a and 37-2b are boiling parts provided with electric heaters, 37-6 is a boiling control device for electric water heaters, and 37-7 is A control unit for controlling the boiling of the boiling units 37-2a and 37-2b, and 37-7a is a control unit 37-7.
Is a microcomputer disposed in the. Reference numeral 37-8 is a boiling priority setting means, 37-9 is a power consumption detecting means in a residential unit, and 37-10 is a clock for outputting a time signal. Further, 37-3 is a sensor including a hot water temperature sensor and a residual hot water amount sensor, 37-4 is a power source, and 37-5 is a midnight power detecting means.

Next, the operation will be described. In the flowchart of FIG. 38, first, when the power supply 37-4 is turned on, in step S38-1 (hereinafter, step is omitted), the boiling water is boiled based on the respective hot water supply usage states from the hot water storage units 37-1a and 37-1b. The boiling priority is set by the priority setting means 37-8. Next, in step S38-2, the time signal from the clock 37-10 and the midnight power detection means 37 are used.
It is judged by -5 whether it is in the midnight power hours. Subsequently, in S38-3, the power consumption detecting means 37-9 detects the power consumption Wt in the living unit 37-12, and S
In 38-4, the boilable power amount Wh is calculated by subtracting the power usage amount Wt from the maximum power usage Wp. Next, S3
In 8-5, the remaining hot water amount and hot water temperature of the hot water storage units 37-1a and 37-1b are detected by the sensor 37-3, and the possible boiling amount is calculated in S38-6. Based on this, in S38-7, the final priority order of boiling and conditions such as the boiling amount and the temperature are set, and in S38-8, the boiling section 37-2 having a higher priority order.
The heater of any one of a and 37-2b is commanded to start energization, and boiling is performed based on the set conditions. S3
When the boiling is completed in 8-9, the energization of the heaters of the energized boiling portions 37-2a and 37-2b is stopped, and then in S38-10, the midnight power detection means 37-5 again causes the midnight power time. If it is determined to be a band, the operation is fed back to S38-3, and the above operation is repeated until it is not the midnight power time. If it is determined in S38-10 that it is not during the midnight power time period, the boiling is ended.

(Prior Art 2) Further, as a conventional power forecasting apparatus and forecasting method, there is a maximum demand forecasting method and apparatus disclosed in JP-A-6-105465. Less than,
The configuration and operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 39 and 40.

The maximum demand forecasting method of FIG.
The demand forecast is made based on the correlation between the meteorological condition including the minimum temperature and humidity and the demand, and considering the following matters. 1. Meteorological data from multiple points within the service area. 2. Meteorological conditions on the nearest forecast day. 3. Difference between weekdays on weekdays. 4. Consideration of the demand forecast model at the turn of the season.

The device shown in FIG. 40 is a device for inputting meteorological conditions into a calculation part and predicting the maximum demand on the day, and forecast data 40-1 consisting of meteorological data from a plurality of points,
A past database 40-2 consisting of past actual weather and maximum demand, and a prediction calculation data processing unit 40-3 for inputting the forecast data and information from the past database, respectively.
And a prediction model creation unit 40-4 that receives the output of the data processing unit, and a forecast data input unit 40-5 that is the output of the data processing unit for the prediction model and that is the processed forecast data. The predictive calculation data processing section comprises an output section 40-6, and the predictive calculation data processing section calculates a synthetic meteorological calculation means for obtaining meteorological data proportional to the supply amount of each supply area, and a cumulative temperature calculation for obtaining the degree of influence of weather in the past several days. Means, a day-of-the-week fluctuation calculation means for processing the day-to-day difference in demand, and a variable conversion processing means for realizing the demand quantity at the turn of the season on the characteristics.

According to the method of FIG. 39, the data 39-3 of a plurality of points in the supply area is used as the meteorological data, the meteorological condition 39-4 of the nearest day of the forecasted day is used, and the demand is on weekdays. It is corrected using the day-of-week difference 39-6, and the demand forecast model is considered at the seasonal change 39-5. Further, according to the apparatus shown in FIG. 40, the forecast data about the weather and the past database including the past actual weather and the maximum demand are input to the prediction calculation data processing unit 40-3. And the data processing unit 4 for prediction calculation
In 0-3, a process for obtaining meteorological data proportional to the supply amount of each supply area, a process for obtaining the degree of influence of the temperature in the past several days, a process for the day difference of demand, and a demand amount at the turn of the season are realized on the characteristics. Processing is performed to create the next demand prediction model each time, and the processing forecast data is substituted into this to output the demand forecast value.

(Prior Art 3) Further, there is a demand control device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-120475 as a demand control device for automatically setting a target power for demand control from the past power consumption. FIG. 41 is a block diagram showing a conventional demand control device for automatically setting a target power. In FIG. 41, the demand control device is an input interface unit (I) 41-1 connected to a power meter with a transmission device.
An arithmetic processing unit 41-3 such as a microcomputer connected to the input interface unit (I) 41-1;
The clock unit 41-6 and the storage unit 4 connected to the arithmetic processing unit
1-7, printer unit 41-8, alarm output unit 41-10,
Control output unit 41-9, display unit 41-5, setting unit 41-
4 and an input interface unit (II) 41-2. The power meter with transmitter 41-11 transmits a pulse signal proportional to the amount of power used, and the input interface unit (I) 41-1 receives and counts this pulse signal. The clock unit 41-6 measures the current time, measures the demand time period, and calculates a fixed time interval.

The arithmetic processing unit 41-3 predicts the demand value at the end of the demand time period from the count value of the input interface unit (I) 41-1 and the remaining time period of the clock unit 41-6, judges that the demand value is exceeded, and exceeds the target value. If so, an alarm signal is output to the alarm output unit 41-10. Then, the adjusted power is calculated and the setting unit 4
When the cutoff power value set in 1-4 is exceeded, a load cutoff signal is output to the control output unit 41-9. Further, the arithmetic processing unit 41-3 stores the monthly maximum demand values for the past one year in the storage unit 41-7 and uses these values for the automatic setting of the target value. The first method of automatic target value setting is the maximum demand value for the same month of the previous year, the second method is the maximum demand value for the past year, and the third method is the order of the ranking set for the past year. The maximum demand value is set as the target value.

(Prior Art 4) Further, a conventional technique for controlling a heat storage device is disclosed in an energization control device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-68340. FIG. 42 is a block diagram of a conventional energization control device. In FIG. 42, 1-9 is a commercial power source, 42
Reference numeral -2 is a heat storage load such as an electric water heater, and the power supply from the commercial power supply 1-9 is interrupted by a remote control relay 42-1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a relay). 42-
A control unit 3 controls the relay 42-1 and includes an input unit 4
Predetermined control is performed by the data from 2-4.

In the energization control device having the configuration shown in FIG. 42, the user sets an operation time zone for each heat storage load 42-2 from the input unit 42-4, and the control unit 42-3 inputs the input operation time. The relay 42-1 is controlled to be closed so as to supply electric power to the heat storage load 42-2 in the time zone, and when the set time zone is elapsed, the relay 42-1 is controlled to be in the open state to store the heat storage load 42-2. Turn off the power supply to. For example, in the case of an electric water heater or the like as the heat storage load, if the load 42-2 is energized after breakfast, after lunch, and at midnight when the electricity rate is low, the above three times are set. The load 42-2 is energized only in the belt, and a relatively small amount of electric power for boiling water used for cleaning up after breakfast or after lunch is consumed in the hours after breakfast and after lunch. Also, when a large amount of hot water is consumed in the evening, such as when taking a bath and a large amount of power is consumed to boil the consumed amount, the electricity charge is controlled so that it is energized only in the midnight hours, so that the electricity usage rate can be lowered.

[0012]

Since the boiling control of the conventional electric water heater is as described above (prior art 1), it is possible because the total amount of power that can be used in the midnight power time zone is unknown. As long as the boiling condition is set within the specified time zone, it is necessary to set the boiling condition to the maximum electric power limit that can be used per basic unit time when setting the boiling condition, and even if the total amount of power required is small. The maximum power consumption is the value of the target power, and there is a possibility that the target power may be exceeded due to fluctuations in other power consumption. Also, since the amount of power used is measured only when setting the boiling conditions and the possible boiling power of the electric water heater is calculated, after the conditions are set, boiling under those conditions is completed, and the next Changes in power consumption were not reflected until the boiling conditions were set.
Further, there is a problem that it is not known whether or not the desired boiling is completed until the end of the midnight power time period, and if it is not completed, the boiling is terminated as it is.

Further, since the conventional example (prior art 2) makes the prediction as described above, it is necessary to use temperature data at a plurality of points in the supply area in addition to the power amount data, and the amount of data to be processed increases. At the same time, there is a problem that the processing becomes complicated. In addition, when predicting electricity, it is necessary to rebuild the prediction model each time, considering the difference between days of the week and the change of seasons because the usage pattern may differ for each day of the week. It was Also, the system activity was not always on the calendar, and it was necessary to enter the schedule.

Further, the automatic setting method of the target power in the conventional demand control device is as described above (prior art 3),
From the monthly maximum demand value for the past year, the same month previous year value, the past maximum value, or the past maximum value of the set rank is set as the target power. In such a target power automatic setting method, when the device of the load group subject to demand control is changed in the middle, for example, when the device is changed to a device with a small capacity,
Since the target power is set and the load control plan is set with the large capacity in the past, the target is larger than the actually connected device capacity, resulting in a wasteful control plan. The target power will not fall even though the capacity has decreased. On the other hand, when a device with a large capacity is changed, the control plan becomes unreasonable, and eventually the demand-controlled load cannot be operated although there is a margin in electric power. The same applies when the number of demand-controlled loads is changed due to the move of a resident.

Further, in the conventional energization control device, the user of the equipment sets the energization time zone as described in (Prior Art 4). Since the load 42-2 is energized all at once at the start of the time zone, the peak of the electric power is likely to occur at the beginning of the energized time zone. When a power contract is taken, the contract fee increases, and there is a problem that economic power cannot be used.

The present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems, and measures the power consumption and predicts the power consumption in a predetermined time zone such as the midnight power time zone from the variation pattern. Then, by scheduling the operation of the heat storage load of the electric water heater or the like, it is possible to obtain a demand control device that performs operation control corresponding to changes in the power used other than the heat storage load. The second purpose is to control the target power consumption per unit time to a value smaller than the target power consumption when the required power consumption is smaller than the usable power consumption. To obtain a demand control device that prevents excess. The third purpose is to increase the required minimum target power when the scheduling within the predetermined time that satisfies the demand for the heat storage load without exceeding the target power is impossible, thereby operating the heat storage load within the predetermined time. Is to obtain the demand control device. A fourth purpose is when scheduling within a predetermined time to satisfy the demand for the heat storage load without exceeding the target power is impossible,
It is to obtain a demand control device that completes the operation of the heat storage load by shifting the operation of the heat storage load partly outside the predetermined time and scheduling the power consumption to exceed the target power. A fifth object is to obtain a demand control device that predicts a case where the operation satisfying the heat storage load requirement is not completed within a predetermined time at a target electric power or less, and outputs a warning in advance to notify the user or the like. A sixth object is to obtain a demand control device capable of selecting and instructing a scheduling method of a heat storage load when it is predicted that an operation satisfying the heat storage load request within a predetermined time at a target electric power or less will not be completed. A seventh object is a demand that prioritizes the heat storage loads and schedules the heat storage loads so that the influence on the user is reduced when the operation satisfying the heat storage load demand is not completed within a predetermined time at the target power or less. To get the control device. An eighth object is to predict the power consumption for performing demand control and to obtain the predicted power with high accuracy.

A ninth object is to predict the power consumption of the load not subject to demand control in a predetermined time zone such as the midnight power time zone,
The target power is a value obtained by adding a predetermined ratio of the total power of the demand control target load to the minimum predicted power which is the minimum value of the predicted power, and setting the target power suitable for the actual load.

A tenth object is to correct the target power automatically by correcting the target power according to the number of people in the housing complex or the number of people in the room, even if the number of people in the room changes due to moving or the like. It is to be able to set.

An eleventh object is to divide the time zone in which the load is operated into a plurality of times, limit the number of loads to be energized at the beginning of the time zone, and sequentially increase the load to suppress the peak generation of electric power due to full load operation. That is.

A twelfth object is to predict the usage start time for each load from the past usage record for each load, calculate the necessary energization time and energization start time from the remaining heat storage amount, and calculate the energization time for each load. Is to be allocated within the energization period to suppress the occurrence of power peaks.

[0021]

A demand control device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of a load group including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater, and the measured load group. Power predicting means for predicting the power usage of loads other than the heat storage load in a predetermined time zone based on the power usage of
Target power setting means for setting a target value of power consumption, required power consumption detection means for detecting required power consumption of the heat storage load, predicted value of power consumption of loads other than the heat storage load, and preset target power Based on the required power consumption of the heat storage load and control operation means for scheduling the operation of the heat storage load within a predetermined time period so that the total power usage does not exceed the target power, And a load control means for controlling the heat storage load.

The demand control device according to the second aspect of the present invention is a power measuring means for measuring the electric power used by a load group including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater, and a predetermined time period based on the measured electric power used by the load group. A power predicting unit that repeats predicting the power consumption of a load other than the heat storage load at predetermined time intervals, and a target power setting unit that sets a target value of the power consumption,
Required power consumption detection means for detecting the required power consumption of the heat storage load, the predicted value of the power consumption of the loads other than the heat storage load obtained by the power prediction means, the preset target power and the required power consumption of the heat storage load Based on the control operation means for repeating the operation of the heat storage load to schedule the total power consumption within a predetermined time period so as not to exceed the target power,
And a load control means for controlling the heat storage load based on the output signal of the control calculation means.

In the demand control device according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the control calculation means operates the heat storage load based on the power used other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time period predicted by the power prediction means. When the total power used exceeds the target power when scheduling is performed within a predetermined time period, the target power set in the target power setting means is changed.

In the demand control device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the control calculation means operates the heat storage load based on the power used other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time period predicted by the power prediction means. When the total electric power used exceeds the target electric power when scheduling within the predetermined time, a part of the operation of the heat storage load is shifted outside the predetermined time zone.

In the demand control device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the control calculation means operates the heat storage load based on the power used other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time period predicted by the power prediction means. When the total power used exceeds the target power during the scheduled link, an alarm output means for outputting a power excess alarm is provided.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the control calculation means operates the heat storage load based on the power used other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time period predicted by the power prediction means. When the total power consumption exceeds the target power at the time of scheduling, excess load operation instructing means for instructing how to operate the excess heat storage load is provided.

A demand control device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the demand control device according to the first or second aspect, which includes a plurality of heat storage loads as the load of the demand control target, and the heat storage target of the control target when the control calculation means performs the control calculation. The load is preferentially scheduled from the device with the largest heat quantity to be used.

A demand control device according to an eighth invention is the demand control device according to the first or second invention, further comprising a heat storage amount measuring means for measuring a heat storage amount of a heat storage load which is a load to be demand-controlled, at the time of scheduling the heat storage treatment. The control calculation means performs control calculation in accordance with the remaining heat storage amount measured by the heat storage amount measurement means to perform scheduling.

A demand control device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the demand control device according to the eighth aspect, which includes a plurality of heat storage loads as the load of the demand control target, among the heat storage loads of the control target when the control calculation means performs the control calculation. The scheduling is preferentially performed from the device with the smaller remaining heat storage amount.

A demand control apparatus according to the tenth invention is
In the eighth invention, a plurality of heat storage loads are included as loads of the demand control target, and a difference between the heat storage remaining amount and the planned heat amount of the heat storage load of the control target when the control calculation unit performs the control calculation, or a ratio thereof. The priority is set on the basis of, and scheduling is performed.

A demand control apparatus according to the eleventh invention is
In the eighth aspect of the invention, when the control calculation means performs the control calculation, a device having a remaining heat storage amount exceeding a predetermined value among the heat storage loads to be controlled is set as a non-energization target load.

A demand control apparatus according to the twelfth invention is
Electric power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of a load group consisting of demand controlled loads including heat storage loads such as electric water heaters and non-demand controlled loads, and facility operating conditions for grasping the operating conditions of predetermined facilities in the load groups When predicting the power consumption for a predetermined period based on the detection means and the measured power consumption,
A power predicting unit that classifies and predicts the operating status pattern grasped by the equipment operating status detecting unit, a target power setting unit that sets a target power for a predetermined period, and a demand control based on the predicted power and the target power. It is provided with a control calculation means for deciding on / off control of the target load, and a load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result of this control calculation means.

A demand control apparatus according to the thirteenth invention is
An electric power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of a load group consisting of a demand control target load including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater and a demand control non-target load, and the number of people in the building where the load group is installed or In-room detection means for detecting the number of rooms and power consumption for a predetermined period based on the measured power consumption, and the predicted power consumption is detected by the room detection means. A power predicting unit that corrects according to the number, a target power setting unit that sets a target power for a predetermined period, and a control calculation that determines control such as on / off of a load to be demand-controlled based on the predicted power and the target power. Means and load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result of the control calculation means.

A demand control apparatus according to the fourteenth invention is
Demand control target load including heat storage load such as electric water heater Electric power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of a load group consisting of non-demand control target loads, and the number of people in the building or the room where the load group is installed The number of people in the room or the number of people in the room detected by the room detection means while predicting the power used for a predetermined period based on the measured power used by the room detection means Of the demand control target load on the basis of the predicted power and the target power, and the power predicting means for correcting the target power for a predetermined period of time. The control calculation means and the load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result of the control calculation means are provided.

A demand control device according to the fifteenth invention is
A power measuring unit that measures the power consumption of a load not subject to demand control, out of a load group consisting of a load subject to demand control and a load not subject to demand control, and a power predicting the power consumption during a predetermined time period based on the measured power consumption. A predicting unit, a target power setting unit that sets a target power as an upper limit of the power used by the load group, a control calculating unit that makes a control plan for a demand control target load based on the predicted power and the target power, and a control calculating unit of the control calculating unit. And a load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result, wherein the target power setting means sets a predetermined ratio of the total power of the load to be demand controlled to the minimum predicted power within a predetermined time zone determined by the power prediction means. The added value is set as the target power.

A demand control device according to the sixteenth invention is
A power measuring unit that measures the power consumption of the load not subject to demand control, out of the load group consisting of the load subject to demand control and the load not subject to demand control, and the power that predicts the power consumption during a predetermined time period based on the measured power consumption. Prediction means, occupancy detection means for detecting the number of occupants using the load or the number of occupants in which the load is installed, and target power setting means for setting the target power as the upper limit of power consumption of the load group The target power setting means, the control calculation means for performing a control plan for the demand control target load based on the predicted power and the target power, and the load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result of the control calculation means. The target power set by the number of people in the room or the number of people in the room detected by the room detection unit is corrected.

A demand control device according to the seventeenth invention is
A load group including a plurality of heat storage loads such as an electric water heater, a means for setting an energization time zone to the load, a means for dividing the set energization time zone, and a load group for each divided time zone And a load control means for controlling the energization of the load based on the result, the number of loads to be energized to a predetermined number in the divided time zone near the start of the energization time zone. It is controlled so that the number of loads to be energized is increased during the divided time period after the limit is reached.

A demand control device according to the eighteenth invention is
An electric power measuring means for measuring the electric power used by a load group including a plurality of heat storage loads such as an electric water heater, a heat storage amount measuring means for measuring the remaining heat storage amount of the heat storage load, and a usage pattern of the load from the measured remaining heat storage amount. Pattern predicting means for predicting power consumption, power predicting means for predicting power consumption for a predetermined period based on the measured power consumption, target power setting means for setting target power, predicted power, target power and use of the load The control calculation means determines whether to energize the load based on the pattern, and the load control means controls the load based on the calculation result of the control calculation means.

[0039]

In the first aspect of the present invention, the power consumption of the load group including the heat storage load is measured by the power measuring means, and the power consumption of the load other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time zone is predicted based on the measured result. Then, the required power consumption of the heat storage load is detected, and the total power consumption of the heat storage load is preset based on the predicted value of the power consumption of loads other than the heat storage load and the required power consumption of the heat storage load. Scheduling is performed within a predetermined time period so that the power is not exceeded.

According to the second aspect of the invention, predicting the power consumption of loads other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time zone based on the measured power consumption of the load group is repeated at predetermined time intervals and is repeatedly predicted at predetermined time intervals. Based on the used power and the required power consumption of the heat storage load, the operation of the heat storage load is scheduled within a predetermined time so that the total power consumption does not exceed the target power.

In the third aspect of the present invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time period, the set target power is changed. To do.

In the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, a part of the operation of the heat storage load is performed. Is shifted outside the predetermined time zone.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, the alarm output means indicates that the power is exceeded. Output an alarm.

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, the excess load operation instruction means exceeds the target power. Instruct how to operate the heat storage load.

In the seventh aspect of the invention, when the control calculation means performs the control calculation, the equipment having a larger heat quantity to be used among the heat storage loads to be controlled is preferentially scheduled.

In the eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh aspects of the invention, the heat storage amount measuring means detects the heat storage amount of each heat storage load and prioritizes the heat storage load based on the detected value to determine the heat storage load. Schedule operation.

In the twelfth aspect of the invention, when the power predicting means predicts the power usage for a predetermined period, the operation status patterns grasped by the equipment operation status detecting means are classified, and the amount of power consumption according to the classification is classified. Make a prediction.

In the thirteenth aspect, the predicted power consumption is corrected according to the number of people in the room or the number of people in the room detected by the room detecting means.

In the fourteenth aspect of the invention, the predicted power consumption is corrected in accordance with the number of people in the room detected by the room detecting means or the fluctuation state of the number of rooms.

In the fifteenth invention, the power predicting means predicts the power used by the load not subject to demand control in a predetermined time zone such as the midnight power time zone. Next, the target power setting means sets the target power to a value obtained by adding a predetermined ratio of the total power of the demand control target load to the predicted minimum power value of the power use of the non-demand control target load in a predetermined time period.

In the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the occupancy detection means detects the number of occupants or the number of occupants of the apartment house or the like subject to demand control. The target power setting means corrects the target power by using the number of people in the room or the number of people in the room.

In the seventeenth aspect of the invention, the number of loads to be energized is limited to a prescribed number in a section close to the start of the energization time within the delimited energization time, and thereafter the load to be energized is increased with the passage of time. Energize the load.

In the eighteenth aspect of the invention, the usage pattern of the load is predicted from the remaining amount of heat storage measured by the heat storage amount measuring means for the start time of use for each load including a plurality of heat storage type electric equipment such as an electric water heater. The target load for demand control is determined according to the predicted start time of use.

[0054]

【Example】

Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, 1-1 is a load group such as a heat storage load 1-1a that is a control target of an electric water heater that is a heat storage type electric device, a load 1-1b that is not a control target, and 1-2 is a time signal. A time measuring unit for outputting 1-3, a power measuring unit including a power meter 1-3a for measuring the power used by the entire load group 1-1 and a power meter 1-3b for measuring the power used by the heat storage load, 1- Reference numeral 4 is a power prediction means for predicting future power usage based on measured power data, 1-5 is target power setting means for setting a target value of power usage, and 1-6 is detection of required power amount of heat storage load. Required power consumption amount detecting means, 1-7
Is a control calculation means for carrying out an energization control plan for the heat storage load based on the predicted power, the target power, and the required power amount, and 1-8 is a load control means for controlling the heat storage load based on the control plan.
In addition, 1-9 is a commercial power supply which supplies electric power to the load group 1-1.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of control. In the figure, when a timer interrupt is generated by the time signal from the time measuring means 1-2, the power measuring means 1-3 of the power measuring means 1-3 is operated in step S2-1 (the following steps are omitted). Total power meter 1
-3a, the power consumption of the entire load group and the heat storage load power meter 1-
The power consumption of the heat storage load is measured at 3b. In S2-2, for example, it is determined whether or not it is the time 23:00 when the midnight power time zone starts, and if it is that time, 23:00 to 7: in S2-3.
The power usage other than the heat storage load for each unit time in the midnight power time zone of 00 is predicted. As for the prediction method, the heat storage load power meter 1 is calculated from the total power consumption measured by the total power meter 1-3a.
-3b may be predicted using the method of chaos time series analysis from the time series data of the power usage of the non-controlled load excluding the heat storage load power usage measured, or may be predicted using another method. Good. An example of the prediction result is 3- in the table of FIG.
It is shown in FIG. The target power Wo set by the target power setting means 1-5 in S2-4 and the predicted power Wp per unit time
From (t), the usable power amount 3-4 (= Σ ((Wo-Wp
(T) × time)) is calculated. Further, in S2-5, the required amount of power consumption detecting means 1-6 detects the amount of power required for the heat storage load of the electric water heater or the like to be controlled such as boiling, and in S2-6, the amount of usable power Based on the required power consumption of the heat storage load, the operation of the heat storage load is scheduled so that the power used per unit time is bottomed up. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the electric power of the heat storage device is allocated so that the portion of the predicted use power 3-1 of the load other than the heat storage load having a small usage amount is raised (bottom up). The scheduling shown in FIG. 3 will be referred to as bottom-up scheduling in this specification. Next, in S2-7, it is determined whether the present time is the control timing of the scheduled heat storage load, and if it is that timing, energization control of the heat storage load is executed in S2-8. In addition,
The above-mentioned control timing varies depending on various conditions such as the number of loads and the control method, but as a simple example, in the scheduling shown in FIG. 3B, for example, if there are multiple loads and each unit has 10 kW, For example, the timing to increase the load being energized from 1 to 2 units, that is, 2
4:00 is the first control timing. Next, the second control timing is 1:00 when the heat storage load usage schedule changes from 20 kW to 30 kW. Hereinafter, 5 o'clock and 6 o'clock become the third and fourth control timings. The required power consumption can be detected as follows. That is, if the heat storage load is an electric water heater, the amount of heat (electric power) Q required for boiling is determined by detecting the supply water temperature T0, the remaining hot water amount Q1, the remaining hot water temperature T1, and the boiling temperature T2 with a sensor or the like. , Q = Q1 × (T2-T1) + (Q2-Q1) × (T2-T0) (Q2: electric water heater hot water storage capacity), and the required power consumption can be detected.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the predicted power consumption per unit time and the result of bottom-up scheduling. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, 3-1 is power consumption other than the heat storage load for each unit time (30-minute interval) of the midnight power time period performed by the power predicting unit 1-4, that is, for each demand time period. 3-2 is a prediction result of the target power setting means 1-
The target power value set in 5 (100 kW in this example). The target power is, for example, one month or two months, or a target value of the maximum power consumption set in a period of one year. 3-3 is the target power 3-2 and the predicted power 3-
The available electric power of the heat storage load calculated for each unit time from 1, 3-4 is the total available electric energy in the entire midnight electric power time zone (260 kWh in this example) 3-5 is the required electric power amount detecting means 1 The heat storage load detected by −6 is the amount of electric power (180 kWh in this example) required for the heat storage operation, and 3
In -6, the control calculation means 1-7 schedules the operation of the heat storage load so as to bottom up the power use per unit time based on the available power amount 3-4 and the required power amount 3-5 of the heat storage load. This is the planned power usage of the heat storage load.
As a result, the total power consumption including the heat storage load in the midnight power time zone is 3-7 (in this example, 90 k is uniformly used for each unit time).
W). Therefore, when there is a margin in the usable power amount 3-4 with respect to the required used power amount 3-5, the maximum used power value 3-8 per unit time can be suppressed. Hereinafter, supplementary description will be made on the point that the maximum power consumption value 3-8 can be suppressed. Generally, in power demand control, load control is performed not to perform bottom-up scheduling so as not to exceed a set target power value. In this control method, even when there is a margin in the usable power amount with respect to the required power consumption, the maximum usable power amount is 100 kW, which is the same as the target power value. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the maximum power consumption value can be uniformly set to 90 kW by performing the bottom-up scheduling. When the electric power contract is an actual amount-based electricity charge contract, suppressing the maximum value of the electric power consumption as much as possible is effective in reducing the electric power charge.

When the required power consumption of the heat storage load exceeds the usable power consumption, the load is scheduled based on the proportional distribution to the required power consumption for each load and the priority order of the loads, as shown in FIG. As shown in), the energization control is performed within the range of the target power and the midnight time period, and the operation for the overload is terminated.

Example 2. In the above-described embodiment, the prediction of the power consumption and the scheduling of the operation of the heat storage load in the midnight power time zone are performed at predetermined timing (for example, 23:
00) was performed once, but in the present embodiment, for example, the power consumption is re-estimated at 1-hour intervals, and the operation of the heat storage load is also rescheduled to perform more accurate prediction and load energization control. Stablely suppress the maximum power consumption in that time zone. Since the configuration of the apparatus of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), its explanation is omitted.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of control, and in the figure, S4-1 and S4-3 to S4-
8 is the same as S2-1 and S2-3 to S2-8 of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. In S4-2, it is judged whether the time at that time is the time of the timing of executing the rescheduling (for example, one hour interval from 23:00 to 6:00),
At that timing, power consumption other than the heat storage load is re-estimated in S4-3 to S4-6, and the operation of the heat storage load is also rescheduled.

FIG. 5 shows the prediction of the power consumption other than the heat storage load in the midnight power time zone at 23:00, the result of the heat storage load scheduling (allocated power), and 0:
An example of power consumption prediction and heat storage load rescheduling at 00 and 1:00 (0:00 to 7:00 for 0:00)
0 (7 hours), 1:00 to 7:00 at 1:00
It is a table | surface which shows the power consumption prediction (for 6 hours) and the rescheduling of load driving | operation. In the figure, 5-1 to 5
-8 is the same as 3-1 to 3-8 of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. The power consumption 5-1a of 00:00 to 7:00 predicted at 0:00 is the power consumption 5-1 predicted at 23:00.
Since it has changed, the usable power also becomes 5-3a, and the initial required power consumption of the heat storage load is 5-5 (180 kWh).
Heat storage load required power consumption 5-5a (170 kWh), which is 10 kWh reduced from 23:00 to 24:00
, The operation of the heat storage load is scheduled so that the power use per unit time is bottomed up, and the planned power use of the heat storage load is assigned as in 5-6a. as a result,
The power used per unit time from 0:00 to 7:00 is 5-7a
(93 kW), and the maximum power consumption value per unit time is also 5-8a (93 kW). The power consumption per unit time of 1:00 to 7:00 predicted at 1:00 is 5-1b
Then, by rescheduling in the same way as at 0:00, the scheduled power consumption of the heat storage load becomes 5-6b, and the maximum power consumption value per unit time is also 5-8b (92kW).
Becomes

In the second embodiment, the required power consumption amounts 5-5, 5-5a, 5-5b of the heat storage load are set in the midnight power time zone (23: 00-7: 00) which is the operation time zone of the heat storage load. The operation of the heat storage load was scheduled so that the total power usage 5-7, 5-7a, 5-7b becomes uniform in each unit time, but the pre-side power usage 5-1 other than the heat storage load, 5-1a, 5
In preparation for fluctuations in total power usage per unit time due to fluctuations in -1b, etc., the total power usage per unit time is gradually reduced between the time zone near the start of the heat storage load operation time zone and the time zone near the end time. It may be scheduled to be performed.

Example 3. The demand control apparatus according to the third embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described two embodiments, and when the required power consumption WrH exceeds the available power WaH, the target power value can be assigned to the excess power. The operation of the load is scheduled by increasing δWo (= (WrH−WaH) ÷ time) divided by a certain time, thereby achieving the required operation of the heat storage load with a minimum increase in peak power consumption. Since the configuration of the apparatus of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), its explanation is omitted.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the flow of control, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the predicted power consumption per unit time and the result of bottom-up scheduling. In FIG. 6, when a timer interrupt is generated by the time signal from the time measuring means 1-2, the used power is measured in S6-1, and it is determined in S6-2 whether or not it is time to execute the used power prediction. At that timing, in S6-3, the power consumption other than the heat storage load for each unit time in the heat storage load operation time zone is predicted. An example of the prediction result is shown in FIG.
7-1 in the table. Target power setting means 1-in S6-4
The available power 7-3 for each unit time is calculated from the target power 7-2 set in 5 and the predicted power usage 7-1 for each unit time, and the available power amount 7- for the entire heat storage load operation time zone is calculated. Calculate 4. Further, in S6-5, the required power amount 7-5 required for heat storage such as boiling of the heat storage load of the electric water heater or the like to be controlled is detected by the required used power amount detection means 1-6, and S6-6 Power consumption 7-4 and required power consumption 7-
5 is compared, and if the required power amount is larger, S6-7
The correction target power 7-9 is set with. In S6-8, based on the corrected target power 7-9 and the predicted power usage 7-1, or the available power 7-3 and the required power amount 7-5 of the heat storage load, the total power usage is increased so as to increase the total power usage. Bottom up scheduling of operations. Next, in S6-9, it is determined whether the current time is the control timing of the scheduled heat storage load, and if so, the heat storage load energization control is executed in S6-10.

In this embodiment, the correction target power is set as (correction target power = target power + (required power amount−usable power amount) ÷ heat storage load operating time). The value may be set to a value higher than the requirement for the heat storage load.

Example 4. The configuration of the demand control device of the fourth embodiment is similar to that of the above-described three embodiments. When the required amount of power consumption WrH exceeds the amount of usable power WaH, the operation of the excess heat storage load is shifted outside the predetermined time zone, that is, outside the midnight power time zone in the present embodiment, and is performed every unit time. Scheduling is performed while limiting the power consumption to below the target power. Since the configuration of the apparatus of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), its explanation is omitted.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of control, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the predicted power consumption for each unit time and the result of bottom-up scheduling. In FIG. 8, when a timer interrupt is generated by the time signal from the time counting means 1-2, the power consumption is measured in S8-1, and it is determined in S8-2 whether it is time to execute the power consumption prediction. At that timing, in S8-3, the power consumption other than the heat storage load for each unit time in the heat storage load operation time zone is predicted. An example of the prediction result is shown in FIG.
9-1 in the table. Target power setting means 1-in S8-4
The available power 9-3 for each unit time is calculated from the target power 9-2 set in 5 and the predicted power usage 9-1 for each unit time, and the available power amount 9- for the entire heat storage load operation time zone is Calculate 4. Further, in S8-5, the required power amount 9-5 required for heat storage such as boiling of the heat storage load of the electric water heater or the like to be controlled is detected by the required used power amount detection means 1-6, and S8-6 Power consumption 9-4 and required power consumption 9-
Compare 5 As a result, when the usable power amount is larger, the total load power of the heat storage load is increased so as to increase the total power consumption based on the usable power 9-3 and the required power amount 9-5 of the heat storage load in S8-7. Bottom up scheduling of operations. On the other hand, if the required power amount is larger, S8-8
The operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone is scheduled at. Next, in S8-9, the power consumption other than the heat storage load after the predetermined time period is predicted, the predicted value 9-1a is calculated, and the usable power 9-3a is calculated. Based on the result, S8 is calculated.
At -10, the operation of the heat storage load for the excess load is scheduled outside the predetermined time as shown in FIG. Then S8
In -11, it is determined whether the present time is the control timing of the scheduled heat storage load, and if so, S8
At -12, the energization control of the heat storage load is executed.

Example 5. A demand control device shown as a fifth embodiment has a configuration as shown in FIG.
1 to 9 are the same as those shown in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted. Reference numeral 10-1 is a warning output means for outputting various warning information, and 10-2 is an excess input for instructing how to operate the excess heat storage load when the required power usage exceeds the available power. It is a load operation instruction means.

The operation of the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. S11-1 to S11-5 and S11-14 to S11-
15 is S4-1 to S4-5 and S4-7 to S4-8 in FIG.
The description is omitted. If the required power consumption of the heat storage load is larger than the usable power consumption in S11-6, S
In 11-7, the alarm output means 10-1 outputs an alarm notifying that the required power is exceeded, and in S11-8, the input from the excess load operation instructing means 10-2 is determined, and the shift to the outside of the predetermined time zone is performed. Operation (S11-9, S11-10, S11-
11), the target power is corrected and scheduling is performed (S11
-12, S11-13), or the operation is terminated and the scheduling (S11-13) is performed. According to the fifth embodiment, when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time period and the total power consumption exceeds the target power, the alarm output means outputs a power excess alarm. Therefore, it is possible to know in advance that the peak value of the power consumption exceeds the target value, the requested amount of heat storage is insufficient, or part of the operation of the heat storage load shifts outside the predetermined time. Further, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, what to do with the operation of the heat storage load that the excess load operation instruction means exceeds Since the instruction is given, appropriate control can be selected depending on the case.

Example 6. A demand control device shown as a sixth embodiment has a configuration as shown in FIG.
1 to 9 are the same as those shown in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted. 12-1 is a heat storage amount measuring means for detecting a heat storage amount (for example, hot water temperature and hot water amount in the case of an electric water heater) for each heat storage load that is a target of energization control, and 12-2 is set for each heat storage load. It is load setting detection means for detecting the required heat storage amount (for example, boiling water temperature in the case of an electric water heater). In the sixth embodiment, the load setting detecting means 12-2 and the heat storage amount measuring means 12-1 calculate the planned heat quantity to be used and schedule the heat storage load.

The scheduling operation is shown in FIG. 13 and FIG.
4 and FIG. 15. In this embodiment, in order to simplify the explanation, the heat storage load is set to 350 KL,
Twenty KW-rated electric water heaters are used as control loads, the target power value is 100 kW, the feed water temperature is 25 ° C, and the heat storage operation time of the electric water heater is the midnight power time zone (23: 00-00).
7:00). FIG. 13 is a flowchart of the scheduling process, FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the usage status of 20 electric water heaters (capacity 350 KL, 4 kW rated), etc., and FIG. 15 is a unit time of the midnight power time zone (30 minutes). FIG. 7 is a diagram showing predicted power consumption other than each heat storage load.

In FIG. 14, 14-1 is the boiling water temperature set in each electric water heater and the required heat storage amount = (set hot water temperature−supply water temperature) × tank capacity (kcal) 14-2 is the residual hot water temperature at the midnight time zone start time (23:00) when the heat storage operation of the water heater is started, the residual hot water amount, and the residual heat storage amount = (remaining hot water temperature−supply water temperature) × remaining temperature Quantity (kca
It is the remaining heat storage amount calculated in l), and 14-3 is calculated from the set boiling water temperature and the remaining hot water amount. The used heat storage amount = (set hot water temperature-supply water temperature) x (tank capacity-remaining hot water amount) (kcal) The amount of heat storage used. Also, 14-4 is the required power amount = (required heat storage amount−remaining heat storage amount) × 4.19 / 3 from the difference between the required heat storage amount and the remaining heat storage amount.
600 (kWh) Required energization time = required power amount / required power amount calculated by 4 kW (hour) and required energization time. 14-5 is a priority order based on the required heat storage amount, and 14-6 is a priority order based on the used heat storage amount.

In FIG. 15, reference numerals 15-1 and 15-2 are the same as 3-1 and 3-3 in FIG. 3B, and the estimated power consumption other than the heat storage load per unit time in the midnight time zone and the heat storage It is the power that can be used by the load. 15-3 is the number of heat storage loads that are energized per unit time, and is calculated by the number of heat storage load operating units = usable power amount (or planned heat storage load use power) ÷ 4 kW (4 kW is the rated power of the electric water heater). Reference numeral 15-4 is a hot water heater number that is scheduled based on the priority of each water heater and operates in that unit time, and in this example, is scheduled according to the priority based on the amount of heat storage used. Further, the numbers with a box indicate that the boiling of the water heater is completed in the middle of the unit time, and the numbers after the + sign indicate that the energization is started in the middle of the unit time.

The flow of operation will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, in S13-1, the required power consumption for each heat storage load 1-1a is detected by the required power consumption detection means 1-6. For example, the load setting detection means 12-2 detects the boiling water temperature set in the electric water heater, which is a heat storage load, calculates the required heat storage amount 14-1, and stores the remaining heat storage amount 14-2 as heat storage. The amount measuring means 12-1 detects the hot water temperature and hot water amount of each water heater to calculate the remaining heat storage amount, and calculates the required power amount and the required energization time from the difference. In S13-2, priorities are set based on the planned heat capacity of each water heater. For example,
If the required heat storage amount is used as the planned heat amount, the priority of each water heater will be 14-5. Further, the heat storage amount 14-3 used on the previous day may be calculated, and the calculated value may be used as the planned heat amount. In that case, the priority of each water heater is 14-6. Then S1
In 3-3, the number of operating electric water heaters 15-3, which is the heat storage load per unit time in the predetermined time zone (in the present embodiment, the midnight power time zone) in which the heat storage load is operated, is calculated. And S13-4
In step S13-5, the unit time for starting the heat storage load scheduling is matched with the predetermined time zone start time, and the heat storage load to be operated in the unit time is selected based on the priority of each water heater and scheduling is performed. For example, when scheduling is performed according to the priority order 14-6 based on the amount of heat storage used, the number of water heaters operating in the unit time of 23:00 to 23:30 is 5, and the numbers 2, 12, 1, 14, 1
Operate the water heater of 7. In S13-6, the unit time for scheduling is advanced, and if the heat storage load is operating in a predetermined time zone (midnight time zone), the process returns to S13-5 to select the heat storage load to be operated in that unit time, and the predetermined time zone is When finished, the scheduling process also ends. Note that S
In the operation heat storage load selection of 13-5, for example, unit time 0:
In the case where the number of energized heat storage loads at 00 to 0:30 is 7.5, 7 units are energized for 30 minutes and one is energized for 15 minutes. Also, the water heater number 1 at the unit time of 3:30 to 4:00
When the boiling is completed in the middle of the unit time as in 4, the scheduling is performed so that energization is sequentially started from the water heater number 5 having a higher priority among the water heaters waiting for energization.

Example 7. The demand control apparatus according to the seventh embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described sixth embodiment and performs the same scheduling process, but determines the priority of the heat storage load, which is a reference when performing the scheduling, based on the remaining heat storage amount. It is a thing. Hereinafter, a description will be given using the table of FIG.
In the figure, 16-1, 16-2, and 16-4 are 1 in FIG.
It is the same as 4-2, 14-3, and 14-4, and shows an example of the remaining heat storage amount of 20 electric water heaters, the used heat storage amount of the previous day, and the required power amount. 16-5 is based on the remaining heat storage amount of each water heater,
The water heater with the smaller remaining amount of heat storage is prioritized to determine the order, and in this embodiment, the scheduling process is performed according to this order.

Example 8. The demand control device of the eighth embodiment also has the same configuration as that of the above-described sixth embodiment and performs the same scheduling process. However, the priority of the heat storage load, which is a reference when performing the scheduling, is the difference between the remaining heat storage amount and the planned heat amount to be used. It was decided based on. Hereinafter, in the table of FIG. 16, 16-3 is a difference obtained by subtracting the used heat storage amount 16-2 of the previous day from the heat storage remaining amount 16-1 of each water heater, and assuming that the planned heat use amount is the used heat storage amount of the previous day, this value becomes Prioritize based on The result is 16-6. Further, if the planned amount of heat to be used is the required amount of heat storage determined by the set boiling temperature of each water heater, priority is set based on the required power amount 16-4 required for boiling, and 16-7 is the priority. In this embodiment, the scheduling is carried out based on the priority order of 16-6 or 16-7. The scheduled heat quantity may be set as an average heat storage quantity for several days to determine the priority.

Example 9. The demand control device of the ninth embodiment also has the same configuration as that of the above-described sixth embodiment and performs the same scheduling process. Is to be excluded. In the table of FIG. 16, 16-8 indicates the heat storage amount 16-1 of the previous day from the heat storage remaining amount 16-1 of each water heater.
The difference obtained by subtracting -2 is a positive load marked with a circle, and the load is excluded to perform scheduling. The energization exclusion load may be determined based on a value obtained by subtracting the average amount of heat storage used for several days from the remaining amount of heat storage.

Embodiment 10 FIG. FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of the demand control device according to the tenth embodiment. This demand control device
Time measuring means 1-2 for outputting a time signal, power measuring means 1-3 for measuring the power used by the load group, and facility operating condition detecting means 17 for grasping the operating condition of a predetermined facility in the load group.
-2, a power predicting unit 1-4 that predicts the power consumption for a predetermined period based on the measured power consumption, and a predetermined period, for example, 1
Target power setting means 1-5 for setting a target power of months or two months, control calculation means 1-7 for deciding control such as on / off of the demant target load based on the predicted power and the target power, and its The load control means 1-8 controls the load based on the calculation result.

Next, the prediction method of the tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 17, the non-demand target load 17
-1b for a specific load (for example, lighting equipment) on /
The operation status information such as off is the equipment operation status detection means 17-
2 and the information on the used power is detected by the power measuring unit 1-3.
Measured by. In addition, since the load control is performed in the demand control device, the operation status of the load subject to demand control can be grasped without using the equipment operation status detection means.

A method of predicting the used power thereafter based on the information on the used power measured by the power measuring means 1-3 will be described.

As a method of predicting the power consumption of the load 17-1b not subject to demand control, a power consumption value of the previous day or the like is used as a prediction value from the past power consumption time series pattern measured by the power measuring means 1-3. A statistical method, a linear prediction method using a regression model, a prediction method using a fuzzy theory, a prediction method using a neural network, and a prediction method using a chaotic analysis method are possible. Here, FIG. 18 and FIG.
9, FIG. 20, and FIG. 21, the equipment operation status detection means 1
7-2 classifies the operating status of a specific load into patterns,
A method of performing prediction by using a chaotic analysis method for each classified pattern will be described.

FIG. 18 is time-series data showing the power consumption during a work day and a certain period other than the work day, for example. FIG. 21 shows the work time and the operating condition of a specific load (for example, lighting equipment) other than the work day. It is series data. The used power time series data as shown in FIG. 18 measured by the power measuring means is called an attractor as shown in FIG. 19 so as to keep the original system property well by using the chaotic time series data analysis method. Reconstruct the figure. FIG. 19 (a)
Is a work day, and (b) is an attractor reconstructed from time-series data other than work days, which have different shapes. When making a prediction using the reconstructed attractor, whether the day to be predicted is a work day or a day other than the work day based on the operation status of the specific load detected by the equipment operation status detection means 17-2 ( 21 (a) or (b), which is an example of a standard pattern of equipment operation status, is classified,
Power consumption is predicted for each classified pattern (whether on work day or off day). In the prediction, in FIG. 20, the predicted power can be obtained by observing the time history on the attractor to find out where the prediction start point (current point) is moving after the desired time. Specifically, the position where the neighborhood of the prediction start point has moved after the prediction time is calculated, and the point after the prediction time of the neighborhood point of the prediction start point and the displacement of the prediction start point and the neighborhood point of the prediction start point are calculated. Guess the prediction point. 21 (a) and 21 (b) show equipment operation status patterns such as company dormitories. In addition, in the case of the above dormitory equipment, the power usage forecast is for a half-day period at the longest, so the equipment operation status should be classified based on the data obtained at the time of starting the forecast. There is no particular problem. Further, since it is considered that the weekend has a pattern unique to the weekend, the weekend may be determined based on this pattern.

Control calculation means 1-7 of the demand control device
Is the demand control target based on the result of the power predicting unit 1-4 predicting the power used by the non-demand target load 17-1b as described above and the target power value set by the target power setting unit 1-5. The electric power that can be used by the load 17-1a is calculated, and its operation control is performed via the load control means 1-8.

Example 11. FIG. 22 is a configuration diagram of the demand control device according to the eleventh embodiment. This demand control device
Time measuring means 1-2 for outputting a time signal, power measuring means 1-3 for measuring the power used by the load group, and facility operating condition detecting means 17 for grasping the operating condition of a predetermined facility in the load group.
-2, a power predicting unit 1-4 that predicts the power used for a predetermined period based on the measured power used, a target power setting unit 1-5 that sets a target power for the predetermined period, and based on the predicted power and the target power. Control calculation means 1-7 for deciding on / off control of the load subject to demantment, load control means 1-8 for controlling the load based on the calculation result, and the number of people in the building or the number of people in the building It is composed of an in-room detecting means 22-1 for detecting the number.

In the eleventh embodiment, in order to make the predicted power obtained in the tenth embodiment more accurate, the occupancy information, which is considered to be closely related to the electric power used, that is, the number of occupants or the occupancy is present. The number of persons in the room, the number of persons in the room, or a variation state of the number of persons in the room is detected by the in-room detecting unit 22-1, and the predicted power consumption is corrected. That is, the correction rate is obtained from the data of the number of people in the room itself as shown in FIG. 23, or from the data of the fluctuation state of the number of people in the room, for example, by a graph as shown in FIG. It is possible to correct the power used and make a highly accurate prediction.
23 and 24 are graphs regarding the number of people in the room, the graphs showing the same tendency also regarding the number of people in the room. According to the eleventh embodiment, external factors such as personal convenience and annual events can be excluded and highly accurate prediction can be performed.

Example 12 FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram of the demand control device of the twelfth embodiment. This demand control device
A power measuring unit 1-3 that measures the power used by the load 17-1b not subject to demand control, a clock unit 1-2 that measures the current time, and a predetermined time period such as a midnight power time period using the measured power. A power predicting unit 1-4 for predicting power usage,
Target power setting means 1 for setting the upper limit of the power used by the load group
-5, a control calculation means 1-7 for making a control plan for the demand control target load from the predicted power and the target power, and a load control means 1 for controlling the demand control target load based on the control plan.
-8 and. Demand control target load 17
-1a operates according to a command from the load control means 1-8 of the demand control device.

Next, the operation of the demand control system according to the twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In order to simplify the description, a case will be described in which, in a housing complex of 50 units, 50 2 kW electric water heaters are used as demand-controlled load. Demand control target load is relay contact,
Any load may be used as long as it is connected by HA terminal, network, etc. and can be controlled externally. In addition, the electricity supply regulation will be described for the case where the electricity charge of the heat storage device becomes cheaper in the late-night hours, such as in the case of late-night electricity, hourly lights, or electric power storage regulation contract for business use. In the case of this type of contract, if the electric water heater is used with the same amount of electricity, it is possible to reduce the operating cost by operating in the middle of the night when the charge is low. However, if you operate all at once during this time, the peak power will rise and the contracted power will increase. Therefore, if the target electric power is set and the electric water heater is systematically controlled within the range, contract electric power and electric water heater control with a low operation cost for lowering the amount of electricity can be achieved.

In step S26-1 of FIG. 26, the power of the load not subject to demand control is measured. The measurement timing is every 30 minutes in synchronization with a general demand time period. As a means to measure the power of the load not subject to demand control, a method of connecting a power meter with a pulse transmission device to the load not subject to demand control, and the operation plan of the load subject to demand control as in this time, in the demand controller. To do so, a method of calculating by subtracting the power of the demand-controlled load operated at that time from the total power connected to the load group can be considered. Here, the case of the former method will be described.

Next, in step S26-2, it is judged whether or not the current time received from the time measuring means has reached the preset demand control target load control plan timing, and if it is the power prediction timing, the routine proceeds to step S26-3. The power prediction timing is, for example, 22:00 here. If it is not the power prediction timing, step S26-
Returning to step 1, the power of the load not subject to demand control is measured every 30 minutes. In step S26-3, the power predicting unit predicts the power consumption from 22:00 to 8:00 the next morning of the load not subject to demand control. As a method of predicting, from the power value measured in the past by the power measuring means, a method of using the power value at the same time on the specified date and time such as the previous day, a linear prediction method by a multiple regression model, a prediction method by a neural network, and chaos Although the used prediction method and the like are known, here, for simplicity, a method of using the power value at the same time on the previous day will be described. In step S26-3, the demand value for every 30 minutes from 22:00 to 8:00 the next day is predicted. In FIG. 27, a wavy solid line represents the predicted power. Next, step S26-4
Then, the power predicting unit searches for the minimum value among the predicted power usages predicted in step S26-3. Here, in order to simplify the description, a case where the minimum predicted power is 32 kW will be described. In FIG. 27, the dotted line represents the minimum predicted power.

In step S26-5, the target power setting means inputs the total power of the demand controlled load. As a method for inputting the total power of the demand control target load, a method of referring to data input from a keyboard of the demand control device, a demand control target load is connected by a home bus system (HBS), etc., and individual device information is displayed. A method of inputting data via a network or the like can be considered. Here, a method of inputting data to the demand control device from a keyboard or the like in advance will be described. Step S26-5
Then, the electric power of each water heater already input to the demand control device is added to obtain the total electric power. Here, since 50 water heaters of 2 kW are used, the total electric power becomes 100 kW.
In FIG. 27, the broken line represents the total electric power of the water heater of 100 kW.

In step S26-6, the target power setting means 1-5 calculates the target power from the above-mentioned minimum predicted power and the total power of the demand controlled load 17-1a. Since the electric water heater is systematically operated in the midnight time, the total electric power is not applied all at once, so the electric power of the water heater is corrected at the correction rate α. Here, in order to simplify the explanation, α is set to 80%. α is a value determined by the load operation pattern in the demand-controlled apartment house. That is,
The correction rate should be high for apartment houses that use a lot of hot water, and low when using only a small amount. In FIG. 27, the thick solid line is the target power. In this case, the target power is 112 kW.

In step S26-7, step S26
The demand control target load 17-1a, in this case, the operation of the water heater is allocated on the predicted power of the demand control non-target load 17-1b so as not to exceed the target power calculated in -6. As an allocation method, there is a method as in the sixth embodiment. Next, in step S26-8, step S2
When the operation time determined in 6-7 is reached, a control command is sent to each demand control target load (water heater).

Example 13. FIG. 28 is a block diagram of the demand control device of the thirteenth embodiment. This demand control device
A power measuring unit 1-3 for measuring the power consumption of the load 17-1b not subject to demand control, a clocking unit 1-2 for measuring the current time, and a predetermined time period such as a midnight power time period using the measured power. A power predicting unit 1-4 for predicting the power used,
Target power setting means 1 for setting the upper limit of the power used by the load group
-5, a control calculation means 1-7 for making a control plan for the demand control target load from the predicted power and the target power, a load control means 1-8 for controlling the demand control target load 17-1a based on the control plan, It is composed of an in-room detecting unit 22-1 for detecting the number of people in the building or the number of rooms in the building to be demand-controlled. The demand control target load 17-1a is
The operation is performed according to a command from the load control means 1-8 of the demand control device.

Next, the operation of the demand control apparatus of the thirteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30. For simplicity of explanation, the demand-controlled load and the electric contract will be described as the same as in the twelfth embodiment. In FIG. 29, the flow for calculating the target power, steps S29-1 to S29-6 are the same as steps S26-1 to S26-6 of the twelfth embodiment, and the operation of the demand-controlled load 17-1a is performed. Step S for planning and controlling
29-9 to S29-10 are step S2 of the twelfth embodiment.
The description is omitted because it is the same as steps 6-7 to step S26-8.

In step S29-7, the occupancy detecting means detects the number of occupancy of the demand-controlled housing complex.
As a method of detecting the number of occupants, a method of detecting presence / absence by providing a switch for entering / leaving the collective entrance, a method of detecting presence / absence by an ID card reading device set in the collective entrance, an entrance of each dwelling unit From the switch linked to opening and closing
Although a method of detecting absence can be considered, here, a method of installing a switch at a gathering entrance will be described. The occupancy detection means performs step S29-7 at the target power setting timing.
Read the number of rooms in the entrance switch. here,
For example, it is assumed that Na households are present in 100 households.
The number of people in the room can be detected, for example, by setting the switch not for each room but for each person. Also,
The number of visitors and exits may be counted by a sensor at the entrance / exit (entrance), and each room is equipped with a motion sensor that detects the presence or absence of people using infrared sensors, etc. for each room. There is also a way to figure out the number of people.

Next, the occupancy detection means carries out step S29-.
In step 8, the correction factor is calculated from the number of rooms. FIG. 30 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a correction factor calculation method. In FIG. 30, the horizontal axis represents the number of rooms and the vertical axis represents the correction rate. In the figure, the correction factor for the number of occupancy Na is αa. Therefore, step S29
At -8, α is added to the target power determined at step S29-6.
The target electric power is set to 112αa [kW] by multiplying a.

Example 14. FIG. 31 is a configuration diagram of the demand control device of the fourteenth embodiment. 31-1 is an energization time zone setting means for setting an energization time to the heat storage device, 31-2
Is a time zone dividing means for dividing the time set by the energization time zone setting means 31-1 into a predetermined time, 1-2 is a time measuring means for measuring the time, 31-3 is a time divided by 31-2. The number of loads to be energized is determined for each time zone, and the timekeeping means 1-
The number of energizing loads determining means for outputting the information on the load to be energized according to the time information from 2, 1-8 is a load controlling means, which is based on a signal from the energizing load number determining means 31-3, to a load 31-4 described later. Turn the power on / off. Reference numeral 31-4 is a heat storage type electric device (hereinafter simply abbreviated as load) such as an electric water heater which is a heat storage load, and consumes electric power when the amount of heat storage in each device decreases from the total amount by a prescribed ratio. It is composed.

Next, FIG. 32 shows the first operation of this embodiment.
A description will be given based on (a). Energization time zone setting means 31-1
When the user sets, for example, from 23:00 to 7:00 of the next day as the energization time zone, the time zone dividing means 31-2 divides into four time zones with a predetermined division width. The part described as a divided time zone in FIG. 32 (a) corresponds to this. The time zone dividing means 31-2 uses the information on the division time and the information on the energization time zone to determine the number of energization loads 31-
Enter 3 The energization load number determining unit 31-3 sets the energization load number in the first time zone so that about half of the total heat storage device load quantity n3, ie, nl loads 31-4 are energized. Next, the load of n2 units is set to be energized in the second time period, and the load of n3 units of total heat storage device load is set to be supplied in the third and fourth time periods. The energizing load number setting means 31-3 is the time counting means 1
-2 time information is read, and when the time reaches the one set in the energization time zone, the energization signal to the load 31-4 corresponding to the load control means 1-8 is output, and the first time zone The load control means 1-8 starts energizing the load of the quantity n1 set in step 1.

Next, a second operation example with the same configuration is shown in FIG.
A description will be given based on 2 (b). Energization time zone setting means 31-
When the user sets the energization time zone from 23:00 to 7:00 on the next day by 1, the time zone dividing means 31-2 divides the time into four time zones with a predetermined division width. The portion described as a divided time zone in FIG. 32 (b) corresponds to this. The time zone dividing means 31-2 uses the information on the division time and the information on the energization time zone to determine the number of energization loads 31.
Enter in -3. The energization load number determining unit 31-3 sets the energization load number in the first time period so that about half of the total heat storage device load quantity n3, ie, n1 loads 31-4 are energized. Next, in the second time zone, the n2 loads other than those energized in the first time zone are energized, and in the third and fourth time zones, all the heat storage device load quantity n3 loads are energized. Set to. The energization load number setting means 31-3 reads the time information of the time counting means 1-2, and when the time reaches the one set in the energization time zone, the load 31-4 corresponding to the load control means 1-8. Of the energization signal is output to energize the load of the quantity n1 set in the first time zone.
Will start.

As described above, in the above two operations, the load 31-4 differs in the degree of power consumption depending on the remaining heat storage amount, but all of the load 31-4 consumes power. In this case, if all the loads are to be energized at the beginning of the energization, all the loads will be in the operating state at the start of the energization time period, and there is a fear that the peak of the power consumption will occur. Depending on the contract of electric power such as commercial electric power, the contract charge is determined by the peak electric power value, so suppressing the peak is effective for reducing the operation cost.

Therefore, in the first operation example, the peak occurrence at the start of energization is suppressed by restricting the energization quantity to n1 in the first time zone of the energization time zone. The energization load number determining unit 31-3 reads the time information from the time counting unit 1-2 and increases the number of energized units to n2 when the second time period is reached. Further, in the third and fourth time zones, all n3 are energized.

At this time, the load 31-4, which has been energized in the first time zone, is in the first time zone due to the amount of heat consumed.
Alternatively, in many cases, the heat storage amount reaches the specified value within the second time period, and power consumption is stopped. Similarly, even when the power supply is started from the second time zone, there are devices in which the power consumption is stopped within the second time zone or the third time zone. Therefore, even if all of the loads 31-4 are energized in the latter half of the energization time period, the number of loads that actually consume electric power decreases, and the probability of peak occurrence decreases.

In the second operation example, the peak occurrence at the start of energization is suppressed by setting the energization quantity to n1 and the energization target to n2 in the second time zone in the first time zone of the energization time zone. To be corrected. The energization load number determination unit 31-3 reads the time information from the time counting unit 1-2 and switches the energization target to n2 when the second time period is reached. Further, in the third and fourth time zones, all n3 are energized.

At this time, the load 31-4, which has been energized in the first and second time zones, consumes a certain amount of heat and consumes power due to the consumed heat amount within the first or second time zone. There is a load 31-4 that does not occur. Therefore, even if all the loads 31-4 are energized in the latter half of the energization time zone, some of the loads 31-4 reach the required heat storage amount in the first and second time zones, so that the load that actually consumes the power is reduced. As the quantity decreases, the probability that a peak will occur will decrease.

FIG. 32 (c) shows a survey of the required energization time of 100 electric water heaters which are heat storage type electric devices.
According to this, it can be seen that nearly 70% of the water heaters reach the specified heat storage amount after being energized for 3 hours. Therefore, as described above, the energization time is 8 hours, and even if it is divided into two hours, most of the heat storage amount becomes full within the second time zone, and the electricity is energized in the latter half time zone. Even in this case, a predetermined amount of heat storage is stored in the range of the energization time zone. Therefore, by increasing the load quantity to be energized in accordance with the passage of time like this, it is possible to realize a demand control device that does not generate a peak and can reduce the electricity charge without insufficient heat storage.

Example 15. FIG. 33 is a block diagram of the demand control device of the fifteenth embodiment. In FIG. 33, 1-9 is a commercial power source, and the power consumed by the load 31-4 is constantly measured by the power measuring unit 1-3. A power predicting unit 1-4 predicts the power used in a predetermined future period based on the measurement data of the power measuring unit 1-3. Power prediction means 1-4
The detailed configuration of the above is shown in FIG. 1-5 is a target power setting means, which sets an upper limit of the amount of power used per unit time. 12-1 is a heat storage amount measuring means for detecting the heat storage amount of each load 31-4, 33-1 is a use start time of each load 31-4 from the heat storage remaining amount of each load from the heat storage amount measuring means 12-1. Is a use pattern prediction means for predicting. A detailed configuration and operation diagram is shown in FIG. Reference numeral 1-7 is a control calculation means, which is trend data of the power used predicted by the power predicting means 1-4, a load 31-4 obtained by the use pattern predicting means 33-1, an individual usage start time, and each load 31-. Four
Is a control calculation means for determining the energization start time of each load 31-4 from the remaining heat storage amount and the upper limit value of the used power set in the target power setting means 1-5, and the time information is obtained from the time counting means 1-2. When the operation start time of the determined load is reached, an operation signal is output to the load control means 1-8 and power is supplied to the load 31-4 which is an energization target.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG. The power predicting means 1-4 is loaded by the load 31-from the power measuring means 1-3.
4 The power consumption of the entire 4 is sequentially stored. FIG. 35 (a) shows the internal configuration of the used power predicting means 1-4, in which the power consumption of the entire load 31-4 (hereinafter abbreviated as load used power) is input, and the trend feature extraction 35-1 of the load used power and its The trend storage means 35-2 and the pattern comparison means 35-3 for comparing the trend feature of the load power consumption with the stored trend storage are included. As shown in FIG. 35 (b), the operation is performed by comparing the trend characteristics of the current load power consumption with the stored trend storage by the pattern comparison means 35-3, and the one having a high correlation is the corresponding operation date. , That is, the used power prediction trend for a period of 24 hours. According to the above procedure, the power predicting unit 1-4 calculates the trend curve of the predicted power of the corresponding operating day and inputs it to the control calculating unit 1-7.

Next, the heat storage amount of each load 31-4 is collected by the heat storage amount measuring means 12-1 and input to the usage pattern predicting means 33-1. FIG. 36 shows the internal configuration and operation of the usage pattern predicting means 33-2. The characteristics of the measured trend of each load 31-4 are extracted and compared with the past trend value of the remaining heat storage amount to determine the correlation. The higher one is the change trend of the heat storage amount of the corresponding load 31-4. Using the predicted change trend, the rate of change k of the heat storage amount Q in the unit time dt in the decreasing direction is calculated, and t1 when the relationship of dQ / dt ≧ k is established is the corresponding load 31-4.
Then, the control calculation means 1-7 is manually operated.
Similarly, the use start time is predicted for all the loads 31-4.

In FIG. 33, the control calculation means 1-7 is the load 31-input from the usage pattern prediction means 33-2.
The order of loads to be energized is determined from the energization start time of No. 4, and then each required energization time is determined from the residual heat amount of each load 31-4 from the graph shown in (b) of FIG. 34. Next, based on the predicted power usage trend obtained from the power prediction means 1-4,
The power consumptions of the loads 31-4 are accumulated in the descending order of the current-carrying order, and compared with the upper limit of the power consumption set by the target power setting means 1-5. Load 31 by sliding it backward
Schedule the energization start time of -4. At this time, as a guide for determining the time shift width, FIG. 34 (c)
The relationship between the predicted use time and the energization start time shown in is used.

After the operation time scheduling of the load 31-4, the control calculation means sends an energization start signal to the load control means 1-8 at the operation time of the corresponding load based on the time information from the time measurement means 1-2. It outputs and supplies the electric power from the commercial power source 1-9 to the corresponding load 31-4. Further, at the time when the energization of the load 31-4 ends, an energization stop signal is output to the load control means 1-8 to stop the energization. The above operation is performed for each load 31-4 to level the power usage.

In the above embodiment, the means for pattern matching with the past history is used as the means for predicting the power consumption and the means for predicting the equipment usage pattern. However, other linear regression methods using multiple regression models, neural A demand control device having similar functions and effects can be obtained by using a prediction method using network or chaos.

[0111]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the electric power measuring means measures the electric power used by the load group including the heat storage load, and based on the measured result, the load other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time zone. The power consumption of the heat storage load is detected, the required power consumption of the heat storage load is detected, and the total power consumption of the heat storage load Since the scheduled power is scheduled within the predetermined time period so that it does not exceed the preset target power, if there is a margin in the available power amount, the peak value of the power usage including the heat storage load during that time period can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the target power from being exceeded due to fluctuations in the power usage of other loads, and to reduce the maximum power usage in basic time units in the actual electricity charge rate contract, etc. It is possible to suppress the price.

As described above, the second aspect of the present invention repeats predicting the power consumption of loads other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time zone based on the measured power consumption of the load group at predetermined time intervals and at predetermined time intervals. Since it is repeated to schedule the operation of the heat storage load based on the repeatedly predicted power usage and the required power usage amount of the heat storage load within a predetermined time period so that the total power usage does not exceed the target power,
It is possible to stably suppress the peak value of the power consumption including the heat storage load in response to a change in the usable power amount due to an unexpected change in the power consumption of another load.

As described above, according to the third aspect of the invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, the set target is set. Since the electric power is changed, the required electric power amount of the heat storage load can be secured.

As described above, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, the operation of the heat storage load is performed. Since a part of the above is shifted outside the predetermined time zone, the required amount of power of the heat storage load can be secured.

As described above, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the control operating means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone and the total electric power used exceeds the target electric power, the alarm output means Since an alarm indicating excess power is output, it is possible to know in advance that the peak value of power usage exceeds the target value, the required amount of heat storage is insufficient, or part of the heat storage load operation shifts outside the specified time. it can.

As described above, in the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone, the overload operation instruction is issued. Since the means indicates how to operate the excess heat storage load, it is possible to select an appropriate control depending on the case.

As described above, according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, from a device including a plurality of heat storage loads as the load of the demand control target and having a large amount of heat to be used among the heat storage loads of the control target when the control calculation means performs the control calculation. Since the scheduling is preferentially performed, it is considered that the load having a large amount of heat to be used has a high necessity (importance), and it is possible to prevent a shortage of heat storage in the (important) load.

As described above, in the eighth aspect of the invention, the heat storage amount of the heat storage load, which is the load of the demand control target, is measured, and the control calculation means performs the control calculation according to the measured heat storage remaining amount for scheduling. The heat storage amount of each heat storage load can be equalized to eliminate inequity among users, or the heat storage load can be scheduled based on the usage record.

As described above, the ninth invention includes a plurality of heat storage loads as the load of the demand control target, and a device having a small residual heat storage load among the heat storage loads of the control target when the control calculation means performs the control calculation. Since the scheduling is prioritized from the above, waste of heat storage energy (heat storage remaining amount) can be reduced.

As described above, the tenth aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of heat storage loads as the load of the demand control target, and when the control calculation means performs the control calculation, the remaining heat storage amount of the heat storage device of the control target and the planned heat amount to be used. Since the priority is set based on the difference of
Shortage of required heat storage (the difference between the planned heat capacity and the remaining heat storage capacity is small) causes a shortage of the heat storage load, or the required operation time is long (the difference in the planned heat capacity is large) ) It is possible to prevent a load that causes a large amount of insufficient heat storage by operating from a load.

As described above, according to the eleventh invention, when the control calculation means performs the control calculation, the heat storage device to be controlled has a remaining heat storage amount exceeding a predetermined value as a non-energization target load. This simplifies load operation scheduling while reducing the amount of power consumption and reducing peak power.

As described above, in the twelfth aspect of the invention, when the power predicting means predicts the power consumption, the operation status patterns grasped by the equipment operation status detecting means are classified, and the power consumption according to the classification is classified. Since the prediction is performed, the power consumption can be predicted with higher accuracy.

As described above, the thirteenth invention corrects the predicted power consumption according to the number of people in the room or the number of rooms detected by the room detection means. Therefore, the power consumption can be predicted with higher accuracy. You can

As described above, the fourteenth invention corrects the predicted power consumption according to the number of people in the room detected by the room detection means or the fluctuation state of the number of rooms. Can be predicted.

As described above, in the fifteenth invention, the power predicting means predicts the power used by the load not subject to demand control in a predetermined time zone such as the midnight power time zone. Next, the target power means sets the target power to a value obtained by adding a predetermined ratio of the total power of the load subject to demand control to the minimum power value of the predicted power usage of the load not subject to demand control in a predetermined time It is possible to quickly set an accurate target power even when the target load capacity is changed.

As described above, the sixteenth aspect of the present invention detects the number of persons in the apartment house or the number of persons in the apartment house, which is the object of demand control, by the presence detecting means. Since the target power setting means corrects the target power by using the number of people in the room or the number of people in the room, it is possible to quickly set an accurate target power even when the number of loads changes due to a move of a resident or the like.

As described above, in the seventeenth invention, the number of loads to be energized is limited to a prescribed number in a section close to the start of the energization time within the divided energization time, and thereafter the load to be energized increases with the passage of time. The load energization control is performed so that there is no need for complicated control, and the peak power consumption due to simultaneous load operation near the energization start time is suppressed. It is possible to realize a demand control device capable of suppressing an increase in operating expenses for a contract fee determined by.

As has been described above, the eighteenth aspect of the present invention uses the remaining amount of stored heat measured by the heat storage amount measuring means to determine the usage start time of each load device including a plurality of heat storage type electric devices such as an electric water heater. Insufficient heat storage because the usage pattern is predicted and the target load for demand control is determined according to the predicted start time of the usage time, so the power peak of load operation is shifted and optimized within the usage time period. Without it, it is possible to realize a demannad control device that can reduce operating costs.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the demand control device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a demand control device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a demand control device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a demand control device according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a demand control device according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a demand control device according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device according to the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is another explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the demand control device according to the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the demand control devices of the seventh, eighth and ninth embodiments.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of time-series data indicating power consumption during a period in which a load not subject to demand control is present.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an attractor reconstructed based on the time series data of FIG.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a prediction method using an attractor.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an operation status pattern of a load group.

FIG. 22 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a pattern of the number of people in a room.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of correction of the number of people in a room.

FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart of a demand control device according to a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device according to the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a flowchart of the demand control device of the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a correction method according to the number of rooms in the demand control device according to a thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 31 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device of the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a configuration diagram of a demand control device according to a fifteenth embodiment.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the demand control device of the fifteenth embodiment.

FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram of a power consumption pattern predicting operation of the demand control device according to the fifteenth embodiment.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram showing a prediction operation between heat storage device use start times of the demand control device according to the fifteenth embodiment.

FIG. 37 is a configuration diagram of a device of Conventional Art 1.

38 is a flow chart of the apparatus shown in FIG. 37.

FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a prediction method of Conventional Technique 2.

[Fig. 40] Fig. 40 is a configuration diagram showing a prediction device of Conventional Technique 2.

FIG. 41 is a configuration diagram of a device of Prior Art 3.

FIG. 42 is a configuration diagram of a device of Prior Art 4.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-1 Load Group, 1-1a Control Target Heat Storage Load, 1-1
b out-of-control load, 1-2 timing means, 1-3 power measuring means, 1-4 power predicting means, 1-5 target power setting means, 1-6 required power consumption detecting means, 1-7 control computing means, 1-8 load control means, 10-1 warning output means, 10-2 overload operation instruction means, 12-1 heat storage amount measurement means, 12-2 load setting detection means, 17-1a
Demand control target load, 17-1b Demand control non-target load, 17-2 Facility operation status detecting means, 22-1
Occupancy detection means, 31-1 energization time zone setting means, 31
-2 time zone division means, 31-3 energization load number determination means, 31-4 load, 33-1 usage pattern prediction means, 35-1 load usage power trend feature extraction means, 3
5-2 Power consumption trend storage means, 35-3 pattern comparison means.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yosuke Otsuka 2-14-40 Ofuna, Kamakura-shi In Residential Environment Research and Development Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (72) Inventor Toshiyasu Hikuma 2-14-40 Ofuna, Kamakura-shi Mitsubishi Electric Co., Ltd. Living Environment Research and Development Center (72) Inventor Shigeki Suzuki 2-14-40 Ofuna, Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Co. Ltd. Living Environment Research and Development Center

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. An electric power measuring means for measuring electric power used by a load group including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater, and electric power used by a load other than a heat storage load in a predetermined time period based on the measured electric power used by the load group. Power predicting means for predicting, a target power setting means for setting a target value of power consumption, a required power consumption detecting means for detecting a required power consumption of the heat storage load, and a power consumption of a load other than the heat storage load. Control for scheduling the operation of the heat storage load based on the predicted value of the target power and the preset target power and the required power consumption of the heat storage load within the predetermined time period so that the total power consumption does not exceed the target power. A demand control device comprising: a calculation means; and a load control means for controlling the heat storage load based on an output signal of the control calculation means. 2. Electric power measuring means for measuring electric power used by a load group including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater, and electric power used by loads other than the heat storage load in a predetermined time period based on the measured electric power used by the load group. A power predicting means for repeating the prediction of the power consumption at a predetermined time interval, a target power setting means for setting a target value of power usage, a required power usage detection means for detecting a required power usage of the heat storage load, and Based on the predicted value of the power usage of loads other than the heat storage load obtained by the power prediction means and the preset target power and the required power usage of the heat storage load, the total power consumption of the heat storage load is the target power Control calculation means for repeating scheduling within the predetermined time period so as not to exceed the load, and a load control hand for controlling the heat storage load based on an output signal of the control calculation means. Demand control apparatus characterized by comprising and. 3. The total power consumption is the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within the predetermined time zone based on the power consumption other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time zone predicted by the power prediction means. The demand control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the target power set in the target power setting means is changed when it exceeds the limit. 4. The total power consumption exceeds the target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load within a predetermined time based on the power usage other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time zone predicted by the power prediction means. When it does, a part of the operation of the heat storage load is shifted outside the predetermined time period, the demand control device according to claim 1 or 2. 5. The total power consumption exceeds a target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load based on the power consumption other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time period predicted by the power prediction means. The demand control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the demand control device is provided with an alarm output means for outputting an alarm that the amount of electric power is exceeded. 6. The total power consumption exceeds a target power when the control calculation means schedules the operation of the heat storage load based on the power consumption other than the heat storage load in the predetermined time period predicted by the power prediction means. 3. The demand control device according to claim 1, further comprising an overload operation instructing means for instructing how to operate the excess heat storage load. 7. A demand control target load includes a plurality of heat storage loads, and when the control calculation means performs a control calculation, priority is given to scheduling from the heat storage load of the control target which has a large planned heat quantity. The demand control device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that. 8. A heat storage amount measuring means for measuring a heat storage amount of a heat storage load, which is a load of a demand control target, and the control calculation means according to the remaining heat storage amount measured by the heat storage amount measuring means at the time of scheduling of heat storage heat treatment. 3. The demand control device according to claim 1, wherein the demand control apparatus performs control calculation and performs scheduling. 9. A demand control target load includes a plurality of heat storage loads, and when the control calculation means performs a control calculation, priority is given to scheduling from a device having a smaller heat storage remaining amount among the heat storage loads to be controlled. Claim 8 characterized by
The demand control device described. 10. A demand control target load includes a plurality of heat storage loads, and when the control calculation means performs a control calculation, a difference between a heat storage remaining amount of the heat storage load to be controlled and a planned heat amount or a ratio thereof is calculated. 9. The demand control device according to claim 8, wherein the reference is prioritized and scheduling is performed. 11. The non-energization target load is a device in which the remaining heat storage capacity exceeds a predetermined value among the heat storage loads to be controlled when the control calculation means performs the control calculation.
The demand control device described. 12. An electric power measuring means for measuring electric power used by a load group including a demand control target load including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater and a demand control non-target load, and an operating condition of a predetermined facility in the load group. When predicting the power usage for a predetermined period based on the measured power usage and the equipment operating status detection means, the power prediction that classifies and predicts the operating status pattern understood by the equipment operating status detection means Means, target power setting means for setting a target power for a predetermined period, control calculation means for deciding on / off control of the load to be demand-controlled based on the predicted power and the target power, and the control calculation means A demand control device, comprising: load control means for controlling a load based on a calculation result. 13. An electric power measuring unit for measuring electric power used by a load group including a demand control target load including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater and a demand control non-target load, and an electric power measuring unit in a building in which the load group is installed. In-room detecting means for detecting the number of people in the room or in the room, and predicting the power consumption for a predetermined period based on the measured power consumption, and the predicted power consumption was detected by the room detection means. Power prediction means for correcting the number of people in the room or the number of people in the room, target power setting means for setting a target power for a predetermined period, and on / off of load for demand control based on the predicted power and the target power 2. A demand control device comprising: a control calculation means for determining the control of 1. and a load control means for controlling a load based on a calculation result of the control calculation means. 14. An electric power measuring means for measuring the electric power used by a load group consisting of a demand control target load including a heat storage load such as an electric water heater and a demand control non-target load, and a facility inside a building in which the load group is installed. In-room detecting means for detecting the number of persons in the room or the number of in-room persons, and predicting the used power for a predetermined period based on the measured used power, and the predicted used power is detected by the in-room detecting means. A power predicting unit that corrects according to the fluctuation state of the number of persons or the number of occupants, a target power setting unit that sets a target power for a predetermined period, and a demand control target load on / off based on the predicted power and the target power. A demand control device comprising: a control calculation means for determining a control such as turning off and the like; and a load control means for controlling a load based on a calculation result of the control calculation means. 15. A power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of a load not subject to demand control, out of a load group consisting of a load subject to demand control and a load not subject to demand control, and the use for a predetermined period of time based on the measured power consumption. A power predicting unit that predicts power, a target power setting unit that sets a target power as an upper limit of the power used by the load group, and a control calculating unit that performs a control plan of the demand control target load based on the predicted power and the target power. A load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result of the control calculation means, wherein the target power setting means sets the demand control target load to the minimum predicted power within the predetermined time zone determined by the power prediction means. The demand control device is characterized in that a value obtained by adding a predetermined ratio of the total power of is set as the target power. 16. A power measuring unit for measuring the power consumption of a load not subject to demand control, out of a load group consisting of a load subject to demand control and a load not subject to demand control, and use in a predetermined time zone based on the measured power consumption. Power prediction means for predicting power, occupancy detection means for detecting the number of occupants using the load or the number of occupants in which the load is installed, and target power as the upper limit of power consumption of the load group Target power setting means, a control calculation means for making a control plan for the demand control target load based on the predicted power and the target power, and a load control means for controlling the load based on the calculation result of this control calculation means, The demand control device, wherein the target power setting means corrects the target power set by the number of people in the room or the number of people in the room detected by the room detecting means. 17. A load group including a plurality of heat storage loads such as an electric water heater, an energizing time zone setting means for setting an energizing time zone to the load, and a time zone dividing means for dividing the set energizing time zone. An energizing load number determining unit that determines the number of loads to be energized from the load group for each of the divided time zones, and a load control unit that controls energization of the load based on the result. A demand control device, wherein the number of energized loads is limited to a predetermined number in a divided time zone close to the start of a band, and the number of energized loads is increased in a divided time zone after a lapse of time thereafter. 18. An electric power measuring means for measuring electric power used by a load group including a plurality of heat storage loads such as an electric water heater, a heat storage amount measuring means for measuring a heat storage remaining amount of the heat storage load, and a measured heat storage remaining amount. Usage pattern prediction means that predicts the usage pattern of the load from the power consumption, power prediction means that predicts the power usage for a predetermined period based on the measured power usage, target power setting means that sets the target power, and predicted power and target power Demand control comprising: a control calculation means for deciding whether or not to energize the load based on the usage pattern of the load and a load control means for controlling the load based on a calculation result of the control calculation means. means.