JPH093847A - Heat-accumulating device and installation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a heat-accumulating device which is excellent in the economical property and prevent a secondary public nuisance like land subsidence and which can be favorably used as a snow-thawing device in particular. CONSTITUTION: A layer 18, arranged in contact with at least a part of a heat- accumulating material 20, absorbs well far-infrared rays of 3-25μm wavelength from the outside of the heat-accumulating device 10 and radiates and transfers the far-infrared rays to the heat-accumulating material 20. In this way, the accumulated heat energy is radiated to the outside as far-infrared rays.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage device and an installation method for installing the device on the site of use. This heat storage device and installation method is especially useful for snow melting on roads, sidewalks, parking lots, etc.
It can be suitably used for freeze prevention.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Snow melting in northern countries has been an important issue for many years that determines the future of the industries and lives of local communities, and many studies have been conducted to date. Among them, the most effective and practical method of snow melting is the one that is widely used and used, which is a method of removing snow by pumping groundwater and sprinkling it, and it is currently adopted in many heavy snow areas. However, the spread of the snow melting method using groundwater causes ground subsidence in the whole area and causes depletion of groundwater resources. On the other hand, as a snow melting method using an artificial heat source, there are a method using electricity (using a line heater and a carbon surface heating element) and a snow melting method using a heating medium circulation using a boiler and a heat pump. Expense
The maintenance cost has been an obstacle, and it has not become popular.

[0003]

In other words, the use of artificial heat sources results in an increase in equipment costs and maintenance costs, so there is an economic problem even though it has the effect of preventing snow melting and freezing. The sprinkler type snow-melting method using groundwater, which has no problem in terms of economy, has a major problem of causing secondary pollution such as ground subsidence.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage device which is excellent in economical efficiency and which does not cause secondary pollution such as ground subsidence.

Further, conventionally, when installing the snow melting apparatus as described above in the ground, the snow melting system is constructed by stacking and assembling the respective members of the apparatus at the installation site,
There is a problem that the work efficiency on site is poor and the construction period is long. Therefore, it is another object of the present invention to provide a method for installing a heat storage device, which enables the heat storage device to be installed suitably on the site of use.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned object, the present inventor has realized that a layer which effectively absorbs and radiates far infrared rays in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm, a heat storage material, preferably a phase change in a low temperature range. And contact it with a heat storage material that absorbs energy,
We thought about effectively utilizing the natural energy of solar heat. In addition, by mounting the pre-produced heat storage device in the groove provided at the installation location, it is possible to improve the efficiency and shorten the construction period on site, and the surface layer material to be formed on the heat storage device has 3 to 3 It was considered that the snow melting effect is homogenized by blending a far-infrared absorbing and emitting material that effectively absorbs and emits far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 25 μm.

The heat storage device according to claim 1 of the present invention is 3 to 25.
The far-infrared radiation layer that absorbs and radiates far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of μm is arranged so as to contact at least a part of the heat storage material.

A heat storage device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the heat storage device according to the first aspect, wherein the heat storage material contains a far-infrared absorbing and radiating material that absorbs and radiates far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat storage device according to the first or second aspect, further comprising a casing enclosing the heat storage material and the far-infrared radiation layer, and the casing stores heat such as resin, concrete or mortar. It is made of a strong material that can withstand load and vibration.

A heat storage device according to a fourth aspect is the heat storage device according to the third aspect, wherein the material forming the casing is 3 to 25 μm.
It contains a far-infrared absorbing and emitting material that absorbs and emits far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of m.

A heat storage device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the heat storage device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, further comprising a heat medium circulating means or a heat generating means.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for installing a heat storage device according to the third aspect, wherein the heat storage device is installed at a site, and a groove is provided in a base layer which is a base, and the heat storage device is placed in the groove. After that, the heat storage device is embedded by pouring a surface layer material containing a far-infrared absorbing and emitting material that absorbs and emits far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm.

[0013]

[Operation] In the heat storage device of claim 1, the far-infrared radiation layer absorbs far-infrared rays from the outside of the device and radiates the far-infrared radiation to the heat storage material, whereby the heat storage material stores heat. Then, the thermal energy stored in the heat storage material is generated by the far infrared radiation layer,
The far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm are radiated to the outside of the apparatus and transferred.

In the heat storage device of the second aspect, the far-infrared absorbing and radiating material in the heat storage material is radiated from the far-infrared radiation layer 3 to 3.
Since it absorbs far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 25 μm efficiently,
The heat absorption rate of the heat storage material is fast.

In the heat storage device of the third aspect, since the heat storage material and the far-infrared radiation layer are covered by the strong casing, it is possible to withstand heat, load and vibration from the outside.

In the heat storage device of claim 4, the far infrared absorbing and radiating material contained in the casing is 3 to 25 from outside the device.
Far infrared rays in the wavelength range of μm can be effectively absorbed and radiatively transferred to the inside of the device, and the thermal energy absorbed by the heat storage material can be effectively radiatively transferred to the outside of the device.

In the heat storage device of the fifth aspect, since the heat circulating means or the heat generating means supplies heat energy to the heat storage material, the heat absorption rate of the heat storage material is high.

In the method for installing the heat storage device according to the sixth aspect, the completed heat storage device is placed in the groove provided in the base layer.
Compared with assembling the heat storage device at the installation site, the work efficiency at the site is high and the construction period can be shortened. Further, the far infrared absorbing and radiating material arranged in the surface layer material effectively absorbs far infrared rays from the outside of the surface layer and radiates the heat storage device,
Further, far infrared rays radiated from the heat storage device can be effectively radiated to the outside of the surface layer. From the above, particularly when the heat storage device is used as a snow melting device, it is possible to provide a uniform snow melting effect and a low cost snow melting system.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, a heat storage device 10 according to the first embodiment and a method of installing the heat storage device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. This heat storage device 10 is a heat storage device for road snow melting that uses solar energy.

The heat storage device 10 includes a body portion 12 which is a flat rectangular box body which opens upward, and a lid portion 14 which covers the opening.
And a casing composed of This casing is made of mortar containing a far infrared absorbing and radiating material, and is waterproof so that water does not enter the casing.

Here, the far-infrared absorbing and radiating material is a material that efficiently absorbs and radiates far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm, which is electromagnetic waves of sunlight, and for example, high thermal conductive ceramics are suitable. Specifically, quartz porphyry, andesite, boulders such as granite, carbon such as silicon carbide, metal oxides such as molybdenum dioxide and alumina, fly ash, etc., or one of these. It is an appropriate mixture.

More specifically, the mortar is composed of cement such as Portland cement and sand, 15 to 20% of far-infrared emissivity such as quartz porphyry, andesite, and granite, and silicon carbide that emits far-infrared rays. 10% of carbon is added, and an appropriate amount of curing liquid is further compounded as required for strength.

The skeleton 12 is divided into five chambers by four partition walls 16 that cross the width direction. Body part 12
In each chamber, a high-density far-infrared radiation layer 18, a heat storage material 20, and a heat insulating material 22 are sequentially stacked and arranged from the top.

The high density far infrared radiation layer 18 has a thickness of 3 to 25 μm.
A layer that effectively absorbs and radiates far infrared rays in the wavelength range of m. For example, a resin such as urethane, vinyl chloride, or polyethylene is mixed with a metal oxide or carbon with a good far infrared emissivity to form a foamed sheet. It is molded. The high-density far-infrared radiation layer 18 is arranged on the upper surface of the heat storage material 20, that is, on the heat radiation material side.

The heat storage material 20 is a rectangular flat container filled with a heat storage agent that absorbs and releases latent heat associated with a phase change (solid-liquid). Polyethylene glycol is suitable as such a heat storage agent, and when used for snow melting, it is preferable that it has a freezing point in a low temperature region of about 2 to 10 ° C.

The heat insulating material 22 is made of extruded expanded polystyrene, and has a thickness of 300 μm on the upper surface in contact with the heat storage material 20.
A heat ray reflection layer made of aluminum is formed. The heat insulating material 22 is not limited to the lower surface of the heat storage material 20,
As shown in FIG. 5, heat is not released from the side wall of the device 10, and the heat storage material 20 is appropriately arranged on a part of the side surface of the heat storage material 20, and the heat ray reflective layer is formed on the surface contacting the heat storage material 20. Has been done.

Next, an installation method for installing the heat storage device 10 at the site of use will be described.

A base layer 30 serving as a base for mounting the heat storage device 10 is provided on the roadbed, and the base layer 30 forms a concave groove 34 along the traveling direction of the road 32 as shown in FIGS. . The base layer 30 is subjected to a stabilizing treatment so as not to be deformed by a load or the like. Then, in the groove 34, the heat storage devices 10 are arranged and fixed at appropriate intervals. Here, as the heat storage device 10, one that has been produced in the form of being housed in the above-mentioned casing in the factory and then carried into the site is used. Then, a road surface material made of asphalt concrete is poured on this to form the surface layer 36. It is to be noted that the road surface material 36 is mixed with an appropriate amount of far-infrared absorbing / radiating material.

In the heat storage device 10 installed as described above, first, the direct sunlight (far infrared rays / heat rays) from the sun is efficiently absorbed by the far infrared absorbing / radiating material mixed in the road surface material 36, and the casing lid is closed. It is radiated to the section 14. The far-infrared energy absorbed by the lid portion 14 is re-radiated and absorbed and propagated in the high-density far-infrared radiation layer 18, and the re-radiated heat is transferred from the high-density far-infrared radiation layer 18 to the heat storage material 20, and the heat storage material 20. Heat is absorbed and stored in. Further, the heat ray in the heat storage device 10 is radiated upward by the heat ray reflective layer provided on the heat insulating material 22 and is used without waste.

As described above, in the heat storage device 10, the casing satisfactorily absorbs the far infrared rays (mainly solar heat) from the outside, and the high density far infrared radiation layer 18 disposed on the upper surface of the heat storage material 20 has the high density far infrared radiation layer 18. Far infrared rays absorbed in the casing are efficiently transferred to the heat storage material 20. Thereby, the heat storage material 20
Since it can quickly reach the phase change region, it has excellent heat storage properties. The heat absorbed by the heat storage material 20 is applied to the high-density far-infrared radiation layer 18 and the casing lid portion 1
3 to 2 depending on the far infrared absorbing and radiating material contained in 4.
As far infrared rays of 5 μm are emitted above the device, snow (or fine ice) that absorbs far infrared rays having a wavelength of 6 to 10 μm efficiently is melted.

What is very important here is how to efficiently absorb and propagate far infrared energy emitted from the sun. For that purpose, it is important that not only the heat storage device 10 but also the entire heat storage system in which the device 10 is installed is excellent in the far-infrared absorption rate. Also,
At the same time, it should be noted that far-infrared rays have their irradiation energy attenuated by a factor of 4 when the radiation distance is doubled. Therefore, in this heat storage system, the road surface material 36 is also compounded with high thermal conductive ceramics which is a far infrared ray absorbing and radiating material. As a result, the far-infrared energy is excellent in radiative propagation even in the heat storage system as a whole.

As described above, by suitably utilizing the solar heat energy, the device 10 is excellent in economic efficiency and does not cause secondary pollution such as ground subsidence.

In the heat storage device 10, a far infrared absorbing radiation material may be mixed in the heat storage agent of the heat storage material 20.
As a result, the heat absorption efficiency of the heat storage material 20 can be increased.

When the heat storage device 10 is used on a road on which a vehicle runs, load resistance, impact resistance, and heat resistance are required. Especially on asphalt roads, asphalt concrete melted at about 150 ° C or higher is used during asphalt construction, so unless it is heat resistant, it cannot be used practically, and the formation of ruts due to softening of the asphalt pavement due to summer heat and There are many reports of wire breakage accidents in conventional snow melting equipment (heat generation lines, etc.) due to shocks and vibrations caused by road damage.

Since the casing of the heat storage device 10 is made of mortar, the heat storage material 20 can be sufficiently protected, and nevertheless the far infrared ray can freely pass through the above structure. it can. It should be noted that the body portion 12 and the lid portion 14 which are casings are not limited to the above-mentioned mortars, and may be heat, load, or the like such as concrete or resin.
Various materials can be used as long as they are strong enough to withstand vibration.

By the way, conventionally, there is a simple snow melting method using solar energy in which a heat storage agent is put in a steel pipe and embedded in the road surface. Since this is a snow melting method of energy absorption by conduction heat, far infrared rays which are electromagnetic waves Compared with the heat storage device 10 used, the absorption snow melting effect is remarkably low.

According to the above-mentioned installation method, since the heat storage device 10 which is previously covered with the casing is installed in parallel in the groove 34 of the road 32, the work efficiency at the installation site is excellent,
Moreover, the construction period can be shortened. Further, since the far-infrared absorbing and radiating material is mixed with the road surface material, the snow melting effect can be made uniform. From the above, it is possible to provide a low-cost heat storage system.

Next, a heat storage device 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The heat storage device 50 is a heat storage device for road snow melting that uses solar heat and groundwater at the same time.

The heat storage device 50 is different from the heat storage device 10 according to the first embodiment in that a heat exchange heat transfer pipe 52 through which ground water flows is arranged in a casing.

This heat exchange heat transfer pipe 52 is used for the heat storage material 20.
It is embedded in the heat diffusion heat transfer layer 54 disposed between the heat insulating material 22 and the heat insulating material 22. The heat exchange heat transfer pipe 52 is bent and arranged in a U shape in each chamber of the casing, and a communication hole 56 provided in the partition wall 16 that partitions each chamber of the casing.
It is arranged so that all rooms can communicate with each other. And
It is drawn out from the casing through round holes 58 provided in the side walls at both ends of the body portion 12. One of the drawn out pipe ports 60, 60 serves as an inlet for groundwater and is connected to a water source, and the other serves as an outlet and is connected to a sprinkler for sprinkling water on a road.

Here, the heat diffusion heat transfer layer 54 is made by mixing an appropriate amount of far-infrared absorbing and radiating material with mortar. For example, far-infrared emissivity is added to mortar composed of Portland cement 20%, sand and a hardening liquid. It is a mixture of alumina, carbon and fly ash having a high thermal conductivity of 5%.

It should be noted that this heat storage device 50 may also be installed at the site of use, like the heat storage device 10 of the first embodiment.
However, in the present device 50, the pipe ports 60, 60
After connecting to the water source and sprinkler, pour the road surface material.

In this heat storage device 50, ground water (usually 15
(About .degree. C.) is passed through the heat exchange heat transfer pipe 52 so that the heat is absorbed by the heat conductive diffusion material 54 and further absorbed by the heat storage material 20.

This device 50 is intended to prevent ground subsidence particularly in an area where groundwater is sprinkled, and is therefore premised to be used in combination with a snow erasing method by sprinkling groundwater. Therefore, the groundwater that is sprinkled is temporarily stored in the heat storage device 5.
Water is sprayed after passing through 0. Then, at this time, part of the 15 ° C. energy of the groundwater is heat-exchanged and stored. The energy of this stored groundwater and the energy obtained from solar heat are used to melt the snow. That is, at a stage where the heat storage material 20 has sufficiently accumulated heat by the ground water and the solar heat, the water sprinkling is shut off and the heat storage material 2
It uses the thermal energy of 0 to radiate far infrared rays and transfer heat to melt snow. This can significantly reduce the use of groundwater and prevent ground subsidence.

Instead of groundwater, a heat medium from a hot water boiler may be supplied to the heat exchange heat transfer pipe 52. Also,
Instead of the heat exchange heat transfer pipe 52, an electric heating element such as a sheet heating element may be used as the heat source.

In order to confirm the above-mentioned effects, the heat storage devices 10 and 50 of the first and second embodiments are installed in an asphalt road together with the heat storage devices of the comparative examples to determine the road surface temperature and the heat storage material temperature. Was measured over time. Fig. 7-
9 shows. In each figure, FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change with time of the first example, FIG. 8 is the second example, and FIG. 9 is a graph showing the change over time of the comparative example.

In both Examples and Comparative Examples, Toho Chemical Industry Toho polyethylene glycol # 40 was used as the heat storage agent.
0 (freezing point 4-8 ° C, heat of fusion 36 Cal / gr, specific heat 0.4
9, specific gravity 1.126) was used. In addition, these heat insulating materials have a thermal conductivity of 0.023 Kcal / m · h · ° C, a moisture permeability coefficient of 0.03 g / m ² · h · mmHg, and a water absorption amount of 0.01 g /
The one with 100 Cm ² was used. The heat storage device of the comparative example is similar to the heat storage device 10 of the first embodiment except that the body portion 1
2, the far-infrared absorbing radiation material is removed from the lid portion 14 and the high-density far-infrared radiation layer 18. Further, in the first and second examples, the far-infrared absorbing and radiating material is also mixed in the asphalt, which is the road surface material, whereas in the comparative example, it is not mixed. Here, the weather on the measurement day was fine.

As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the road surface temperature when the far infrared absorbing and radiating material is mixed is
Compared with the case where no compound is added, the temperature rises to as high as 3 to 4 ° C., which shows that it is advantageous for increasing the temperature of the heat storage material.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the first embodiment, when the temperature of the heat storage material entered into the phase change region at about 4 hours (11:00 am), the heat storage material began to change from the solid phase to the liquid phase, and measurement was performed. After 12 hours (7:00 pm), which is the end time, the latent heat energy is almost absorbed at 7.4 ° C.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the second embodiment, the road surface temperature was almost the same as that of the first embodiment, but the heat storage agent temperature was less than 1 hour (8:00 am) in the phase change region. Reached Then, after 7 hours (2:00 pm), the absorption of latent heat energy is completely completed, and sensible heat absorption
After 0 hour, the temperature reached 9.4 ° C. at 5 pm.

In contrast to these two examples, in the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 9, the road surface temperature was low and it took about 6 hours (1 pm for the temperature rise of the heat storage material to reach the phase change region).
However, even after 12 hours (7:00 pm), the latent heat energy was not sufficiently absorbed (5.2 ° C.).

As described above, in the embodiment, the heat storage material can effectively absorb the solar energy, and the stored energy can be used to effectively perform snow melting and the like without causing pollution. it can.

Particularly in winter, when utilizing weak solar energy, effective melting of snow and freezing are prevented unless far-infrared absorbing and radiating material is blended so that far-infrared rays of sunlight can be efficiently used. Can't do. In the above measurement, there was no actual snowfall, but from the physical properties of the heat storage agent, when the amount of heat storage agent per 1 m ² is 10 kg, it is possible to store a heat amount of about 370 Kcal, and this heat amount is not commensurate with the actual snow melting amount. Easy to understand. It is theoretically clear that snow melting using far infrared rays has a much more advantageous snow melting effect than snow melting by conduction heat,
Therefore, due to the above heat storage amount, a snow melting effect of 4 to 6 hours or more can be expected even in the case of snowfall of 3 to 5 cm.

Although snow melting on roads and the like has been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and may be, for example, snow melting on roofs or rooftops, or as heat insulating means for agriculture other than snow melting. It can also be used.

[0056]

According to the heat storage device of the present invention, the natural energy of solar heat can be effectively used, and it is excellent in economic efficiency and does not cause secondary pollution such as ground subsidence.

Further, according to the heat storage device installation method of the present invention, the efficiency of the work at the installation site and the shortening of the construction period can be achieved, and the performance of the heat storage device can be exhibited more effectively. Therefore, the heat storage device can be suitably installed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a heat storage device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A is a plan sectional view of the heat storage device 10, FIG.
(B) is the AA sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a heat storage device 10 is installed.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state when the heat storage device 10 is installed on the road 32.

5A is a plan sectional view of a heat storage device 50 according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a BB sectional view thereof.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a heat storage device 50 is installed.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes with time of the road surface temperature and the heat storage material temperature in the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes with time of the road surface temperature and the heat storage material temperature in the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing changes over time in road surface temperature and heat storage material temperature in a comparative example.

[Explanation of Codes] 10, 50 ...... Heat storage device 12 ...... Body part 14 ...... Lid part 18 ...... High density far infrared radiation layer 20 ...... Heat storage material 30 ...... Base layer 34 ...... Groove 36 ...... Surface layer 52 ... … Heat exchange heat transfer pipe

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A heat storage device comprising a far-infrared radiation layer that absorbs and radiates far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm so as to abut at least a part of a heat storage material. 2. The heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage material contains a far infrared absorbing radiation material that absorbs and radiates far infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm. 3. A casing enclosing the heat storage material and the far-infrared radiation layer is provided, and the casing is formed of a strong material such as resin, concrete or mortar that can withstand heat, load and vibration. The heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage device is a heat storage device. 4. The material forming the casing comprises:
The heat storage device according to claim 3, further comprising a far-infrared absorbing and radiating material that absorbs and radiates far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 µm. 5. The heat storage device according to claim 1, further comprising a heat medium circulating unit or a heat generating unit. 6. A method for installing the heat storage device according to claim 3 on an installation site, wherein a groove is provided in a base layer as a base, and the heat storage device is placed in the groove, and then a wavelength of 3 to 25 μm is set. A method for installing a heat storage device, characterized in that the heat storage device is embedded by pouring a surface layer material containing a far infrared ray absorbing and emitting material that absorbs and emits far infrared rays in the region.