JPH09303739A - Waste incinerating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To incinerate the liquid waste so as to prevent the deterioration of the combustion efficiency, and to take a flame blow-up preventive countermeasures in throwing the waste. SOLUTION: A waste incinerating equipment is provided with a hearth part 1 to burn the waste S by feeding the air (a) for combustion, a furnace 2 provided on an upper part of the hearth part 1, and a throw-in port 3 to throw the liquid waste L into the furnace therefrom. A nozzle 5 to throw the liquid waste L into the furnace 2 is provided. In this constitution, the waste S which is mainly composed of the solid garbage is burned in the hearth part 1, while the liquid waste such as waste oil and polluted water is burned by the hot combustion gas in the furnace 2. An opening/closing means 6 to introduce the waste S to the hearth part 1 side while the closed condition is kept in receiving the waste is provided. Flame blow-up can be prevented even when the waste S is intermittently thrown in.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for incinerating waste by burning it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a device for incinerating waste (garbage) discarded in factories, general households, etc., a fluidized bed type incinerator equipped with a fluidized bed and a rotary stoker equipped with a rotating stoker. Furnace is known.

[0003]

By the way, the above-mentioned conventional incinerator is mainly used in a treatment plant for treating a large amount of municipal solid waste and the like continuously. It was not suitable for small-scale incineration. For example, liquid waste such as oil drainage and sewage can be burned together with solid waste if the total amount of waste is large, but if the total amount of waste is small, the amount of liquid waste is small. Even if it is not so large, the combustion efficiency may be excessively reduced. In addition, it is desirable to close the dust input port during normal operation when throwing in dust intermittently, but if you open the input port only during loading, flame will blow up, so this measure is necessary. Become. There has been no waste incineration treatment device with such consideration.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a hearth part for burning waste by supplying combustion air, and a furnace provided above the hearth part.
It is provided with a charging port for charging waste to the hearth and a nozzle for charging liquid waste to the furnace.
With this configuration, solid waste-based waste is burned in the hearth, and liquid waste such as waste oil and waste water is burned in the furnace by high-temperature combustion gas. Further, the present invention, a hearth for burning the waste by the supply of combustion air, a furnace provided above the hearth,
Equipped with an input port for inputting waste to the hearth and an opening / closing means for opening and closing the input port and for guiding the waste to the hearth side while maintaining a closed state when receiving the waste Is. With this configuration, even when the waste is intermittently charged, the open / close means can always maintain the hermetically sealed state in the furnace, thereby preventing the flame from blowing up. The opening / closing means may have a first door that closes the input port during normal operation, and a second door that closes the input port at the time of receiving waste and temporarily mounts the waste. . It is preferable that these doors are formed so that they can be switched between a normal operation state and a waste receiving state by a rotating operation.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a waste incineration processing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. This waste incinerator is
The hearth 1 for burning the waste S by the supply of the combustion air a, and the furnace 2 erected above the hearth 1.
And an input port 3 for inputting the waste material to the hearth portion 1 as an incinerator 4. The furnace 2 is provided with a nozzle 5 for introducing a liquid waste L such as exhaust oil into the furnace. Further, the opening 3 is provided with opening / closing means 6 for opening / closing this opening appropriately.

The hearth 1 is formed by three fireproof grate 7, 8, 9 stacked in a staircase manner, and the tip of the lower grate 9 is located at the axial center of the furnace 2. It is arranged so that. An air passage 10 for ejecting the combustion air a into the furnace is formed at the bottom of each of the rostruts 7. That is, the waste air S is satisfactorily combusted by ejecting the combustion air a from a portion corresponding to the concave portion of the stairs. A closed air chamber 11 is defined on the back side of the rostruts 7 ... 9 and an air intake pipe 13 for taking in the air a is provided on the partition wall 12. On the upper surface of the upper Rostrur 7,
The receiving plates 14 on which the air passages 10 similar to those of the respective rostruts 7 ... 9 are formed are stacked so as to receive the thrown waste S. That is, the charging port 3 is provided above the receiving plate 14.
Is opened. Further, a slider 16 of an ash pusher 15 is superposed on the lower surface of the lower stylus 9. The slider 16 has a shape similar to that of the rostruts 7 ...
It is attached to a rod 19 of a cylinder 18 provided on the base 17 in parallel therewith. The base 17 is an incinerator 4
Is formed at the same level as the bottom portion 20 of the. That is, the slider 16 slides the top surface of the bottom part 20 from the axial center of the furnace 2 to the vicinity of the peripheral wall 24 on the opposite side, so that the incineration ash falling from the hearth part 1 is moved to the bottom end of the furnace 2. It is designed to be pushed out to the ash outlet 21 formed in the portion.
The ash outlet 21 is provided with a lid 22 that can be opened and closed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the charging port 3 is provided in the furnace 2
Is formed as the upper surface of the box-shaped partition 23 provided in the lower part of the. The box-shaped partition 23 has a U shape in a plan view,
One end, which is the opening side, is provided so as to be connected to the opening 25 formed in the peripheral wall 24 of the furnace 2, and is placed on the receiving plate 14 to define a dust input passage 26 having a rectangular cross section. . A dust pusher 27 for transferring the waste S on the receiving plate 14 into the furnace is provided at the other end of the box-shaped partition 23. The dust pusher 27 includes a cylinder 30 installed via a support bracket 29 on a receiving plate extension 28 at the same level as the receiving plate 14, and the box-shaped partition 2 from the cylinder 30.
3 and a slider 32 attached to the tip of the rod 31. The slider 32 is
It is made of a plate-shaped member having the same size as the cross section of the dust input passage 26, and slides back and forth on the receiving plate 14 by advancing and retreating the rod 31 to move the waste S from the receiving plate 14 to the hearth 1. It is designed to be pushed out.

As shown in FIG. 3, the opening / closing means 6 has a rectangular door 33, which has a size in which the opening of the inlet 3 is vertically divided in half.
34 are provided on the left and right, respectively. The pair of doors 33 and 34 are connected to each other via a rotating shaft 35 so that the angles between the surfaces are right angles, and are rotatably supported on the inner surfaces of the left and right side walls of the box-shaped partition 23. Of these, the first door 33 is designed such that the tips thereof are abutted against each other during normal operation and are horizontally connected to close the inlet 3, and when the waste is received, the first door 33 is raised so as to be overlapped with the inner surface of the side wall. . Further, the second door 34 hangs down in the waste passage 26 during normal operation, and when the waste is received, the inlet 3
The waste S is temporarily placed on the upper surface of the waste S. That is, these doors 33, 3
Reference numeral 4 is formed so as to be switched between a normal operation state (b) and a waste receiving state (a) by a rotating operation. The second door 34 is formed so as not to interfere with the moving slider 32 in the normal operation state. A cylinder 37 is connected to each of the rotary shafts 35 via a link 36 (only one side is shown in the figure), and the cylinder 3
The doors 33 and 34 are integrally rotated by the expansion and contraction of 7. The base end of the cylinder 37 is axially supported by a fixed system (such as the receiving plate 14).

The furnace 2 is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
It is formed of a refractory material having a cylindrical shape as a whole, and an exhaust port 38 for exhausting exhaust gas is provided at the upper end thereof.
A pair is provided in a direction perpendicular to 6. And input port 3
The nozzle 5 is attached to the peripheral wall 24, which is located on the opposite side to. The nozzle 5 is directed upward at an approximately vertical middle height of the peripheral wall 24 at an angle of about 30 degrees from the horizontal so that the liquid waste L such as drain oil is sprayed into the central side of the furnace 2. It has become.

Besides, a burner 39 for assisting combustion is provided below the nozzle 5. Burner 39
Has its tip attached to the outer end surface of a support block 41 that defines the flame ejection port 40.
1 is fitted in a cylindrical opening 42 formed in the peripheral wall 24 of the furnace 2. The tubular opening 42 is formed so that the axis of the burner 39 attached is parallel to the nozzle 5. Note that the burner 39 may be configured so that it can be lifted up and down as shown in FIG. That is, the outer surface of the support block 43 is formed in an arc shape (spherical shape) so that the support block 43 can slide with respect to the inner wall 45 of the cylindrical opening 44, and the support block 43 is moved vertically to the paper surface by an actuator (not shown). By rotating around the axis, the burner 39 can be made to face the hearth 1.

When incinerating the wastes S and L by the incinerator 4 constructed as described above, first, the cylinder 37 of the opening / closing means 6 is retracted so that the dust is received as shown in FIG. 3 (a). Then, the waste S mainly composed of solid waste is placed on the upper surface of the second door 34. At this time, the first door 33 surrounds the waste S together with the side wall of the box-shaped partition 23 so that a predetermined amount of dust can be placed. Then, by extending the cylinder 37, the doors 33 and 34 are moved to the rotary shaft 3
Rotate inward 90 degrees around 5 to receive waste S 1
4 and the closing door 3 is closed by the first door 33 (FIG. 3 (b)). The waste S on the backing plate 14 is pushed by the dust pusher 27, and the waste 7 in the hearth 1 is ...
9 is ignited by the burner 39 and burned by the supply of the combustion air a. The combustion gas is guided to the furnace 2 and discharged from the upper end of the furnace 2 as exhaust gas. Liquid waste L such as waste oil is injected into the furnace 2 by the nozzle 5, immediately burned or vaporized by the high-temperature combustion gas, and discharged together with the solid waste gas. Further, when the next dust is thrown in, the cylinders 37 of the opening / closing means 6 are retracted so that the doors 33, 3 are closed.
Rotate 4 outward by 90 degrees. That is, when the waste S is received on the second door 34 in a state where the input port 3 is closed and a predetermined amount is placed, the cylinder 37 is extended to move the waste S inward to move the waste S to the hearth 1 side. At the same time, the insertion opening 3 is closed by the first door 33.

As described above, since the nozzle 5 is provided in the furnace 2 erected from the hearth 1 to inject the liquid waste L into the furnace 2, the solid waste in the hearth 1 is removed. It is possible to incinerate waste water, waste oil, etc. without affecting the combustion of the waste S mainly. That is, there is no possibility that the combustion temperature will be lowered by the liquid waste L and the efficiency of the incineration process will be reduced, and that the components in the waste liquid will corrode the roasters 7 ... Further, since the opening / closing means 6 is provided at the charging port 3 to keep the inside of the furnace in a closed state during the normal operation and to maintain the closed state at the time of receiving the waste, even when the waste S is charged in a batch system. Good combustion can be maintained, flames are not blown up from the inside of the furnace, and safety in incineration processing work can be secured. Further, as opening / closing means 6, rotatable right-angled doors 33, 3
Since 4 is provided, the mechanism which is simple in operation and structure and has good durability can be obtained. The doors 33 and 34 are formed so as to receive the waste S in a state in which the input port 3 is closed and then feed the waste S into the furnace. Therefore, even when the waste S is input by a truck or manually, safety management is performed. There is no hindrance. Although the incinerator 4 provided with the nozzle 5 and the opening / closing means 6 is shown in this embodiment, only the nozzle 5 or only the opening / closing means 6 may be provided if necessary, and the structure thereof is relatively high. The incinerator 4 can be optimized for small-scale incineration.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the entire waste incineration processing system including the incinerator 4 shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, and an air supply system 51 for supplying combustion air a and waste oil. Transfer system 52 for transferring the liquid waste L of
9, a fuel supply system 53 for supplying fuel, an exhaust gas treatment system 54, and a local control panel 55 for controlling the operation of these.

The air supply system 51 includes a fan 57 driven by a motor 56 and air pipes 58, 5 connecting the fan 57 to the air intake pipe 13, the nozzle 5 and the burner 39.
It is composed of 9, 60. A damper 61 for adjusting the amount of air is provided in the air pipe 58 that goes to the hearth 1. That is, the damper 61 is operated so that the combustion is optimized. Further, a pressure adjusting valve 62 and a pressure gauge 63 are provided on the air pipe 59 heading to the nozzle 5.
Is provided. By supplying air to this nozzle 5,
The liquid waste L is atomized into the optimum state and is charged into the furnace 2. Further, an on-off valve 64 and a pressure gauge 63 are appropriately arranged on the air pipe 60 directed to the burner 39 so that the flame can be controlled to an optimum flame.

The liquid waste L transfer system 52 is composed of a tank 66 having a screen 65, a pump 67 for pressure feeding, and a transfer pipe 68 extending from the pump 67 to the nozzle 5. A level sensor 69 is provided in the tank 66, and liquid level information is input to the local control panel 55. That is, when the liquid waste L has a liquid amount below the limit value, the transfer is interrupted by stopping the pump 67 or the like. A suction pipe 71 in which a hood valve 70 is immersed in the liquid is connected to the suction side of the pump 67. A return passage 72 branched from the transfer pipe 68 is provided in the vicinity of the pump 67, and a part of the liquid discharged from the pump 67 is returned to the tank 66 to adjust the liquid amount and liquid pressure. . Further, the transfer pipe 68 is provided with a feeder 73, a pressure gauge 63, a liquid temperature gauge 74, an opening / closing control valve 75 and the like.

The fuel supply system 53 includes a fuel tank 76 for containing fuel and a fuel pump 77 for pumping the fuel.
And a fuel pipe 78 connecting the fuel pump 77 and the burner 39. The fuel tank 76 is provided with a level sensor 69, and when the liquid level reaches a limit value, the opening / closing control valve 7 provided in the pipe 79 for refueling
It is designed to open 5. The fuel pump 77 is provided with a return passage 80 for appropriately returning the fuel to the fuel tank 76. Further, the feeder 7 is provided in the middle of the fuel pipe 78.
3, a pressure sensor 81 and a pressure gauge 63 are provided.

The exhaust gas treatment system 54 is provided at the discharge port 3 of the furnace 2.
8 connected to the exhaust pipe 82, a cyclone 83 provided at the end of the exhaust pipe 82, a dust box 84 provided below the cyclone 83 to collect particles in ash gas, and connected to the upper end of the cyclone 83 Chimney 85
It is composed of The chimney 85 is equipped with a temperature gauge 74.

The local control panel 55 is connected to each of the cylinder 37 of the opening / closing means 6, the cylinder 30 of the dust pusher 27, and the cylinder 18 of the ash pusher 15 so that they can be appropriately associated and driven. Further, the combustion state can be controlled by the temperature detectors 86, 87 provided in the hearth 1 and the furnace 2. The detection signal of the temperature detector 86 of the furnace 2 is also input to the control motor 88 of the burner 39, and depending on the combustion state in the furnace 2, the burner 39
The operation is controlled. For example, liquid waste L
When the amount of heat is insufficient due to the input of the burner, the burner 39 is operated. The local control panel 55 is also connected to the motor 56 of the fan 57 and the motor 56 of the pressure-feeding pump 67 so as to control the operation of these.

By constructing such an incineration treatment system, the combustion in the hearth 1 and the furnace 2 can be controlled in an optimum state, and the incinerator 4 can be extremely effectively operated and controlled.

In the above embodiment, the nozzle 5
Is installed in the furnace 2 in an obliquely upward direction, but any configuration may be used as long as the liquid waste L can be injected into the furnace 2. Although a pair of doors 33 and 34 are shown as the opening / closing means 6, any configuration may be used as long as the opening 3 can be opened / closed appropriately. Further, the shapes of the hearth 1, the furnace 2, and the like are not limited to the illustrated examples, as long as the wastes S and L can be incinerated.

[0022]

In summary, according to the present invention, liquid waste such as sewage and waste oil can be appropriately incinerated without affecting combustion in the hearth. Further, no flame is blown up when opening and closing the input port, and work safety at the time of inputting waste can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an incinerator which is one embodiment of a waste incineration processing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the burner in FIG.

5 is a configuration diagram showing an entire waste incineration processing system including the incinerator of FIG. 1. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hearth Part 2 Furnace 3 Input Port 4 Incinerator 5 Nozzle 6 Opening / Closing Means 33 First Door 34 Second Door 35 Rotating Shaft 37 Cylinder S Waste (Mainly Solid Waste) L Liquid Waste

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A hearth for burning waste by supplying combustion air, a furnace provided above the hearth, and a charging port for charging waste into the hearth. And a nozzle for injecting liquid waste into the furnace, the waste incinerator. 2. A hearth for burning waste by supplying combustion air, a furnace provided above the hearth, and a charging port for charging waste into the hearth. And an opening / closing means that is provided to open and close the charging port and guides the waste to the hearth side while maintaining a closed state when receiving the waste. 3. The opening / closing means includes a first door that closes the input port during normal operation, and a second door that closes the input port when receiving waste and temporarily places the waste. The waste incinerator according to claim 2, which has. 4. The waste incineration processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the door is formed so as to be switched between a normal operation state and a waste reception state by a rotating operation.