JPH0930912A - Soil habit pest control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control pests living in soil and thereby produce high quality agricultural crops by irrigating the soil with water containing a specific compound having excellent degradability. SOLUTION: Ozone-containing water and/or a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution are irrigated on soil, especially into soil. On the irrigation, it is preferable that the irrigation is performed on the surface of the soil or a growth bed covered with a substantially gas-impermeable film or sheet. Before a crop is planted or sowed, the soil is preferably irrigated with the ozone-containing water and/or the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and subsequently further with water or a reducing agent aqueous solution. A fertilizer is preferable as the reducing agent aqueous solution. Water containing the ozone in an amount of 1-10wt.ppm or water containing the hydrogen peroxide in an amount of 100-1000wt.ppm is preferable as the ozone-containing water or the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to preventing damage of soil-dwelling pests in order to grow agricultural crops, fruit crops, forest crops, horticultural crops and the like in a healthy and high quality.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to grow agricultural crops, fruit tree crops, forest crops, and horticultural crops (hereinafter referred to as agricultural crops as a whole) in a healthy and high quality, the healthy growth of agricultural crops is hindered. It is necessary to remove pests.

Conventionally, spraying methods of insecticides and fungicides such as organic chlorine agents and organic phosphorus agents have been used as a method for preventing damage to soil-living pests. However, not only the latter cannot be expected to have a sufficient effect, but also the problem of crop retention is raised. Furthermore, in the case of fumigants such as chloropicrin, formalin and methyl bromide, the former two cannot be used in the suburbs of the city due to the gas with strong irritation and tearing properties, and the latter has a strong possibility of depleting the ozone layer. Use is restricted internationally and is expected to be totally prohibited in the near future. Therefore, it is strongly desired to develop a control method that is safe for the environment and users and is effective over a wide range without causing continuous cropping trouble. Under such circumstances, the applicant of the present invention has already disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-20
9689 and JP-A-6-335343 provide a method for controlling soil-dwelling pests by irrigating soil with deaerated water or non-oxygen gas supersaturated water. However, in some cases, even pest eggs could not be killed by these methods.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a more effective method for controlling soil-living pests with less or no pesticides to grow crops in a healthy and high quality, The aim is to produce high-quality agricultural products that are easy to manage and have good productivity.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of earnest research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that when water containing ozone dissolved therein and / or hydrogen peroxide solution is irrigated into the soil, the soil-living pest It was found that the density of the plant can be reduced to protect agricultural crops from the pests, and that it decomposes into oxygen and water immediately after application, so that harmful substances do not remain in crops or soil for a long period of time. The present invention has been completed.

[0006] That is, the present invention relates to a method for controlling soil-living pest damage, which comprises irrigating soil with ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water. The ozone-dissolved water referred to in the present invention is water in which ozone is dissolved in an amount of 0.1 ppm by weight (hereinafter ppm by weight is simply referred to as ppm) or more. You can use the provided one. Dissolved concentration of ozone is 0.5 to 100
ppm is preferable and 1-10 ppm is more preferable. The dissolved ozone concentration can be measured by a known method such as a potassium iodide-sodium thiosulfate titration method.

The type and concentration of dissolved substances other than ozone in ozone-dissolved water are arbitrary. Examples of dissolved components other than ozone include air components such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, fertilizers, antibacterial agents, and pH adjusters. Of course, it is also possible to contain hydrogen peroxide described below. Since the method of irrigating ozone water has a shorter residual period than the method of irrigating hydrogen peroxide solution described later, the period from application of this method to planting or sowing can be shortened.

The hydrogen peroxide solution referred to in the present invention is water in which hydrogen peroxide is dissolved by 1 ppm or more, and any method may be used as long as it is such water. The dissolved concentration of hydrogen peroxide is preferably 5 to 10000 ppm, more preferably 100 to 5000 ppm. The dissolved hydrogen peroxide concentration can be measured by a known method such as a potassium iodide-sodium thiosulfate titration method.

Also in hydrogen peroxide water, the type and concentration of dissolved substances other than hydrogen peroxide are arbitrary. Examples of dissolved components other than hydrogen peroxide include air components such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, fertilizers, antibacterial agents, and pH adjusters. Of course, it is possible to contain ozone as described above. The method of irrigating hydrogen peroxide has less odor than the described method of irrigating ozone water, and the working environment is kept better.

Irrigation in the present invention refers to water supply to soil. The soil in the present invention is not only cultivated land such as fields where agricultural products grow, but also soil such as planters and flowerpots,
It also includes beds for growing crops such as rock wool and vermiculite. The ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide solution to the soil in the present invention can be applied by spraying, irrigating the surface of the soil (surface), irrigating the soil, or the like. Or from the viewpoint of reducing the effect of the present invention by diffusing hydrogen peroxide into the air and preventing the deterioration of the working environment, and saving the irrigation amount,
Irrigation into the soil is most preferred, followed by watering to the surface. Especially in the case of facility cultivation such as a greenhouse, irrigation is performed because there is no natural rainfall, but it is said that irrigation into soil is preferable in terms of saving irrigation amount and suppressing disease occurrence, Even in the irrigation treatment, irrigation into soil is more preferable because the same reason and the same facility can be shared.

The method of irrigating the surface of the earth can be carried out, for example, by laying a water-permeable tube (sprinkling tube) on the top of the soil or the like and flowing ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water into the tube. I can. Examples of the water-permeable tube include a water-permeable unglazed tube material, a porous rubber tube having fine communicating pores, and a polyvinyl chloride tube having many holes. When the pipe has many holes, the size of the holes is preferably 1 to 3 mm, and the holes are 5 to 10 mm.
It is preferable that the number is 1 or more per cm ² .

The irrigation may be carried out by simply flowing it onto the soil surface, but it is also possible to cover the soil surface with a substantially impermeable sheet (mulching), and lay a water-permeable pipe therein to irrigate the soil. It is preferable because the amount of watering is small. The term "substantially impermeable sheet" as used herein means that the oxygen permeation rate is 3
× 10 ^{over 7 (cm 3 / cm 2,} s, cmHg) refers to the following sheet, such as polyethylene film or, be exemplified a film or sheet such as vinyl chloride.

The method of irrigating the soil can be carried out, for example, by flowing ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water through a water-permeable tube buried in the soil. The irrigation operation into the soil can be performed by adjusting the irrigation depth of the organism to be exterminated and the irrigation depth depending on the type of the agricultural product. It is also possible to supply water from pipes buried at multiple depths, or to use it together with watering the surface. For example, it is preferable to bury and irrigate a tube at a depth of 20 to 100 cm, preferably 30 to 50 cm in soil.

In the case of irrigation to the surface of the earth and irrigation into the soil, the installation interval of the pipe is 1 every 0.5 m in the case of total irrigation.
It is preferable that there be more than one line, and in order to save the irrigation amount, it is preferable to install one at the center of the ridge although it depends on the crop to be planted. Thus, in the present invention, the depth of the irrigation can be set appropriately. Since it is possible, roots deeply enter the soil, such as root vegetables such as burdock and Japanese radish, and nematodes are distributed to deep places, and even when it is very difficult by conventional control methods, the method of the present invention It can be easily removed. Further, the method for controlling soil-living pests of the present invention can be carried out in combination with other chemical and biological control methods. For example, if the method of the present invention is provided before the planting of a crop and the usual chemical control method is used after the planting, there is an advantage that the pesticide reduction and the control method can be selected.

In the present invention, the irrigation amount is ozone and / or
Or, depending on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution, irrigation method, irrigation time, type and composition of soil to be irrigated, organisms for extermination, etc.
00 mm rainfall equivalent is preferable, and 30-100 mm rainfall equivalent is more preferable. 10 for irrigation into soil
100 mm rainfall equivalent is preferable, and 20-50 mm rainfall equivalent is more preferable.

The irrigation treatment time varies depending on the irrigation method, irrigation amount, irrigation time, type and composition of soil to be irrigated, treated area, etc., but in the case of irrigation or sprinkling on the ground surface, ozone-dissolved water and / or excess water is used. All the hydrogen oxide water permeates the soil,
It is efficient to perform the treatment for a time that does not flow on the surface of the earth, and preferably 5 minutes to 6 hours per time, more preferably 10 minutes to 1 hour. For irrigation, 10 minutes to 4 per dose
8 hours are preferable, and 6 to 24 hours are more preferable.

It is preferable that the irrigation treatment is carried out prior to planting or sowing of agricultural crops, since there is no adverse effect on the crops, and treatment is carried out 3 days or more, more preferably 7 days or more before planting or sowing of agricultural crops. However, it is preferable because the influence on agricultural products can be ignored. However, if the interval from the treatment to the planting or sowing is too long, pests may be generated again, so it is preferable to plant or sow within 20 days after the treatment.

It is also preferable to carry out the treatment a plurality of times. The frequency of irrigation depends on the amount of irrigation, timing of irrigation, organisms to be exterminated, type and composition of soil to be irrigated, etc., but should be carried out 1 to 3 times during 7 to 60 days before planting or planting. Is preferred. For example, it can be continuously carried out for a long period of time before planting or sowing of agricultural products.

Ordinary water or an aqueous solution of a reducing agent is irrigated after irrigating ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water,
It is also preferable to perform seeding or planting after that. This method is effective when it is used for seeding or planting without delay after irrigation treatment with ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide solution, especially hydrogen peroxide solution. The reducing agent referred to here is a substance that generally reduces excess ozone and / or hydrogen peroxide solution, but it does not remain in the soil,
Alternatively, it is preferable that it is harmless to crops even if it remains, and has little environmental pollution, and it is more preferable if it becomes a fertilizer. Examples of such reducing agents include reducing sugars such as glucose, thiosulfates such as potassium thiosulfate, phosphites such as diammonium phosphite, sulfites such as potassium sulfite, nitrites such as ammonium nitrite, and oxalic acid. Oxalates such as ammonium, ammonia, formaldehyde and the like can be mentioned. The irrigation method and irrigation amount of water or a reducing agent may be carried out in accordance with irrigation of ozone and / or hydrogen peroxide.

The term "soil-living organisms" as used in the present invention refers to organisms that live in the soil and harm crops and human daily life. For example, root-knot nematodes and negusaresenchuu which inhibit the growth of crops. Soil nematodes, larvae of moths that eat the roots of crops and fruit trees, scarab larvae, root-parasitic cicada larvae, insect beetles, weevils, weevils, scarab beetles, scarab beetles, ants that cause soil diseases Fungi, Fusarium fungi, Rhizoctonia fungi, Verticillium fungi and other soil disease fungi, turf and field devastating moles, pill bugs, millipedes and other polypods, slugs, land snails, etc. Examples include snails that inhabit.

In the present invention, by irrigating the soil or the like with ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water, it is possible not only to exterminate soil-dwelling pests such as soil nematodes which hinder the healthy development of agricultural products, It can also be used to remove unpleasant creatures in daily life.

As a means for sterilizing the soil, it is possible to send an ozone gas-containing gas directly into the soil. However, most of the applied gas is dissipated into the atmosphere through a short-circuit path, which is inefficient, and the working environment is poor. Deterioration is also great. On the other hand, ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water has a slower emission of dissolved gas into the atmosphere than ozone in the form of gas, and penetrates into the details to exert a disinfecting action. The efficiency is higher because of the uniform degree.

The crops of the present invention include crops, fruit tree crops,
Represents forest crops and horticultural crops in general, and is not particularly limited,
For example, fruit trees such as apples, grapes, mandarins, peaches, oysters, fruit vegetables such as tomatoes, watermelons, melons, spinach, komatsuna, leaf vegetables such as cabbage and lettuce, potatoes such as sweet potatoes, beets, sugar cane, etc. Examples include crops, carrots, root vegetables such as radish, and the like. Especially, fruits and vegetables with a long harvest period are most suitable.

According to the present invention, since it is possible to remove soil-dwelling pests, it is possible to produce a crop that is suitable for shipping without any problems in its color and shape, and its appearance and weight. There is no restriction on the method of producing ozone-dissolved water used in the present invention, and for example, gaseous ozone filled in a cylinder or gaseous ozone generated by an ozone generator may be dissolved in water. Alternatively, it may be one that ozones oxygen dissolved in water. The type and form of the gaseous ozone generation method are also arbitrary, and for example, silent discharge type, corona discharge type, atmospheric pressure plasm type, etc. are used for oxygen-containing gas (for example, air), alternating current, direct current, pulsating flow, pulse. And the like, a method of oxidizing oxygen by applying a voltage such as, a method of oxidizing oxygen by irradiating an oxygen-containing gas with ultraviolet rays or ionizing radiation, a method of chemically generating ozone, and the like.

As a method for dissolving gaseous ozone or ozone-containing gas in water, any mechanism for dissolving gas in water can be used. For example, bubble tower, packed tower,
Wet wall towers, mixing tanks (these may be atmospheric or pressurized), membrane gas-liquid contactors, water pumps, etc. may be mentioned.

The type of water pump is not particularly limited, but a turbo type water pump is preferable, and as the turbo type water pump, a centrifugal pump, a mixed flow pump, an axial flow pump, an electric power source, and others. Any one such as a power source, a one-stage type, or a multi-stage type can be used. Discharge side pressure of water pump is 0.2
It is preferably 10 kgf / cm @ 2. Among various water pumps, the turbo type water pump has particularly high gas dissolution efficiency because water and gas are sufficiently agitated. When using a multi-stage type or a plurality of water pumps, it is also preferable to introduce an ozone-containing gas into the suction side of the second and subsequent stage water pumps. It is likewise preferable to use a multi-stage water pump configured to introduce gas to the suction side of the second and subsequent stages.

The method of ozonizing oxygen dissolved in water may be of any type, for example, a method of electrolytically oxidizing water in which oxygen is dissolved and a method of irradiating water in which oxygen is dissolved with ultraviolet rays or ionizing radiation. To be

The method for producing hydrogen peroxide solution used in the present invention is not limited at all, and although it can be chemically synthesized, a method of using commercially available hydrogen peroxide solution as it is or after diluting it is used. It is simple and preferable.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As an embodiment of the present invention, when growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, for example, ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide is supplied from a watering tube embedded 30 cm into the ground before planting tomato seedlings. 24 water
Irrigate 30 mm rainfall equivalent in time. It is preferable to repeat this twice every 7 days and then plant tomato seedlings 7 to 14 days later. Alternatively, the soil surface is covered with a sheet of polyethylene film, and a water-permeable tube is laid in the sheet, or the sheet is covered with a sheet of 30 to 100.
Water equivalent to mm rainfall for 10 minutes to 1 hour. The seedlings may be planted 7 to 14 days after the watering. By doing so, pests such as soil nematodes, which hinder the healthy development of tomatoes, are exterminated, and pest damage can be controlled. Therefore, the tomatoes grow healthy and high quality tomatoes can be produced. Especially, it is more effective if it is irrigated underground.

[0030]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. [Production Example of Ozone-Dissolved Water] Ozone-dissolved water was produced by an ozone water production unit WE-3000 manufactured by Kojima Seisakusho Co., Ltd. In this device, compressed air is concentrated to a high oxygen concentration by a PSA (pressure swing adsorption type) oxygen concentrator. Ozone is generated by performing corona discharge in the obtained high-purity oxygen gas. The obtained ozone is dissolved in water by the water pump method. Ozone concentration is 3
It was adjusted to be ppm.

[Example 1] Test for eradicating sweetpotato rootworm nematode using ozone-dissolved water A sweetpotato rootworm nematode-contaminated soil in a continuous tomato field was placed in a planter measuring 50 cm in length, 18 cm in width, and 20 cm in depth. At the center of the bottom of the planter, the inner diameter of 13
A mm rigid vinyl chloride pipe (hereinafter referred to as a vinyl chloride pipe) was embedded. This PVC pipe was perforated with a 2 mm drill at 1 cm intervals, and the pipe end was sealed. The other side is an L-shaped tube that is placed on the planter so that water can be supplied. In the ozone-dissolved water treatment, the ozone-dissolved water produced in the Production Example was taken in a 20 L plastic tank with a lower port, connected to the upper end of the L-shaped tube via a hose, and irrigated into the soil of the planter by gravity flow. The irrigation was stopped when the water flowed out from the drain hole at the lower end of the planter (about 30 mm rainfall equivalent in 10 minutes). The ozone-dissolved water treatment was performed twice at 5-day intervals.
Next, tomatoes (cultivar: Fukuju) were seeded on a seed bed containing soil that had been disinfected with methyl bromide in advance, and four plants each were transplanted after 3 weeks for each ozone-dissolved water treatment planter.
The seedlings were transplanted on the 7th day after the treatment with the ozone-dissolved water. This planter was used as an ozone-dissolved water treatment area. In the same manner, tap water was used instead of ozone-dissolved water, and this was used as a control water treatment area. The test was carried out in three consecutive treatments in one treatment area, and tap water was used as the water supply during the test period. Place the planter on a nursery shelf in a glass greenhouse, dig all the individuals on the 36th day after transplanting the tomato seedlings, wash the roots with water, and grade the root-knot parasitic degree of each individual as shown in Table 1 to a grade of 0-4. Then, the root-knot index was calculated by the following formula 1. The number of nematodes in the soil was separated by the Balemann method and the second-instar larvae were counted. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[0033]

[Equation 1] (Equation 1) However, A: Number of root-knot parasitic degree 1 B: Root-knot parasitic degree 2
C: Number of root-knot parasitic degree 3 D: Number of root-knot parasitic degree 4 N: Total number of surveyed strains

[0034]

[Table 2] The number of nematodes is the number of second-instar larvae per 20 g of soil (average value of 3 repetitions of Balemann method) [Example 2] Carrot Nexaresenchuu eradication test using ozone-dissolved water A 90 cm wide, 20 m long growth bed was placed in a glass chamber. Make,
A porous rubber tube underground irrigation tube (trade name: Leaky Pipe (registered trademark); manufactured by Nippon Oxygen Co., Ltd.) having a width of 30 cm in the longitudinal direction was embedded at a depth of 40 cm, and the ozone-dissolved water produced in the production example was Irrigation was performed from the irrigation tube into the soil via a flow meter. The amount of watering was equivalent to 30 mm rainfall in 24 hours. This treatment was repeated twice at intervals of 7 days to perform ozone-dissolved water treatment. Carrot seeds were sown 14 days after the treatment. After that, it was grown by the conventional cultivation method. However, irrigation was performed by underground irrigation of tap water. Carrot harvest
It was carried out 140 to 142 days after sowing. This was designated as an ozone-dissolved water treatment section. In the same manner, tap water was used instead of ozone-dissolved water, and this was used as a control water treatment area. The test results are shown in Table 3. (Carrot variety: Kuroda 5 inch, fertilizer management:
(Practice, test zone system: 1 treatment zone 18m ² 2 continuous) The survey was conducted before and after treatment with ozone-dissolved water, and at the time of harvest, three soils with a depth of 20 cm were collected from each zone, and 100 g of soil was collected by the Balemann method. Were counted. In addition, damage to roots was examined at the time of harvesting, and the damage damage root rate was calculated using Equation 2. The rate of damage damage roots was obtained by investigating 2 wards per treatment ward and examining 200 wards in 1 ward and showing the average value of 2 wards.

[0035]

[Equation 2] (Equation 2)

[0036]

[Table 3] [Example 3] Sweet potato root-knot nematode extermination test using hydrogen peroxide solution Instead of using ozone-dissolved water, commercially available 30% hydrogen peroxide solution (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) diluted 60 times was used. Was treated with water in the same manner as in Example 1. Fourteen days after the irrigation treatment, the seeds of balconies were sown to carry out general cultivation management in a greenhouse. Test 1 treatment section 1
Planting was carried out, and the number of seeds was 50 per planter. On the 60th day after sowing, lotus roots were dug out, the roots were washed with water, and the degree of root-knot infestation was examined for each individual in the same manner as in Example 1, and the root-knot index was calculated. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0037]

[Table 4] [Example 4] Sweet potato root-knot nematode extermination test using hydrogen peroxide solution 24 hours after the hydrogen peroxide solution treatment was performed, except that 0.05% potassium thiosulfate aqueous solution was irrigated in an amount corresponding to a rainfall amount of 30 mm and immediately seeded with lotus roots. Performed the same test as in Example 3. Table 5 shows the results. The germination rate of this test was 96%.

[0038]

[Table 5] [Example 5] The same test as in Example 4 was performed, except that the aqueous potassium thiosulfate solution was not watered. The root-knot index was the same as in Example 4, but the germination rate was 56%.

[0039]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method for controlling pests of soil-living pests of the present invention, it is possible to grow crops in a healthy manner because damage to crops by soil-living organisms is prevented.
In addition, both ozone and hydrogen peroxide are decomposable, there is no risk of residues in crops, and it is possible to supply highly safe crops. In addition, residual components may cause pollution of rivers, groundwater, and air. I have no fear.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method for controlling soil-living pests, which comprises irrigating soil with ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water. 2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation of the ozone-dissolved water and / or the hydrogen peroxide solution into the soil is irrigation into the soil. 3. The irrigation of ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide water to soil is irrigation of soil or a growth bed surface covered with a substantially impermeable film or sheet. Control method. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein before the planting or sowing of the crop, ozone-dissolved water and / or hydrogen peroxide solution is irrigated to the soil, and then water or a reducing agent aqueous solution is irrigated. The control method according to any one of 1. 5. The control method according to claim 4, wherein the reducing agent aqueous solution comprises fertilizer. 6. The ozone-dissolved water and / or the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1-10 ppm by weight of ozone-dissolved water.
5. The control method according to any one of 5 above. 7. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ozone-dissolved water and / or the hydrogen peroxide solution is 100 to 1000 ppm by weight of hydrogen peroxide solution.