JPH09100203A - Protective bag for agricultural product containing pyrethroid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a bag for protecting field crop having resistance to insect attacks by adding a trace amount of a pyrethroid insecticide to a plastic film to be used for protecting field crop. SOLUTION: In the case that, for example, polyethylene is used as a polymer, an insecticidally effective amount of pyrethroid is added to polyethylene wax to prepare a master batch, then a low-density polyethylene is admixed thereto to a mixture and the mixture is extruded to give a concentrate. Then, the concentrate is processed together with a polyethylene of the blow film class to form a thin-layer film and the film is fabricated. The pyrethroid is selected from bifenthrin of the formula, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin and permethrin. The concentration of pyrethroid is 0.1-30wt.% in the protecting bag and is 15-30wt.% in the master batch. This plastic bag protecting field crops from insect pests is useful for banana and the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to crop protection bags and other plastic films having resistance to harmful insects. In particular, the present invention relates to crop protection bags comprising bifenthrin or another pyrethroid insecticide in an effective amount to protect crops from insect damage.

[0002]

It is already known to add insecticides to plastics or polymeric materials such as polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and copolymers such as ethylene / vinyl acetate. For example, flea collars for dogs and ear tags for cattle repellents release pesticides from plastics to protect these animals (US Pat. No. 5,43).
7,869). There are certain pyrethroids among the types of pesticides added to certain plastics. Pyrethroids such as Cypermethrin are added to the PVC cable jacket to protect the wires (UK Patent 1,538,22).
No. 2). Here, the cable jacket itself is susceptible to the attack of termites in the ground, so it has a structure to protect it.
British Patent Application Publication GB 2,276,171A discloses a cypermethrin-containing masterbatch for producing termite resistant cable jackets. Another pyrethroid, deltamethrin, has also been reported to be useful in protecting electrical cables (Australian Application No. 6).
2173/90). The banana bag is a thin plastic film bag used to cover the flowers and stems of banana plants. This bag serves a variety of purposes: they promote weight and ripening identities of banana bunches, opaque bags suppress sun exposure of those plants along the way, and pesticide-impregnated bags Promote its growth through protection from pests.

As a banana bag used for protection from these pests, there is a bag impregnated with the insecticide chloropyrifos (commercially available from Dow Chemical Company). British Patent No. 1,480,125 discloses the absorption of chloropyrifos in normally solid thermoplastic pellets. The pellets, which have a uniform content of chloropyrifos, can be extruded for the production of thin plastic films which can be used as crop protection bags.
This chloropyrifos-impregnated bag is effective against various insects harmful to banana fruits. This broad spectrum of insecticidal activity, the fact that the fruit is protected without spraying the insecticide and its low cost make this chloropyrifos bag a wide practical application. On the contrary to these advantages, chloropyrifos has a problem that it is poor in safety for those who handle it, those who are involved in the extrusion process to manufacture this bag, and the planters who handle this bag because of its toxicity.

[0004]

According to the present invention, it has been found that pyrethroids can be effectively used at extremely low concentrations in polymer compositions used in plastic films for the protection of agricultural crops from pests. The present invention utilizes bifenthrin and other pyrethroid insecticides in the preparation of plastic or polymer compositions useful in the production of crop protection bags and other pest resistant plastic films. Pyrethroids are introduced as one component of the masterbatch. The masterbatch is used to make the concentrate, which in turn is used to make the final composition. The final composition is extruded or injection molded into the desired plastic product, such as the banana bag described below. It is also possible to use the masterbatch directly in the production of the final composition without going through the concentrate. The molded product from the final composition is an insect-resistant plastic bag consisting of an insecticidal effective amount of pyrethroid impregnated with a polymer suitable for the production of crop protection bags.

The masterbatch of this invention is made by mixing the appropriate pyrethroid with a polyethylene (PE) wax. The PE wax component is a polyethylene homopolymer having an average molecular weight of about 1000 to about 4000, preferably about 2000 to about 3000 (one example of which is commercially available from Allied Signal Company, Morristown, NJ, USA). Preferred PE
Waxes are commercially available from Allied Signal Company under the trade names A-C6A. Bifensulin is US Pat. No. 4,
It is a pyrethroid insecticide described in 328,505. Bifenthrin, marketed by FMC Corporation of Philadelphia, USA, has extremely high insecticidal potency, is highly stable, and is relatively stable to handle (Farm, published by Meister Publishing Company, Willowby, Ohio).
Chemicals Handbook '95).

Bifenthrin has the following chemical structure:

Embedded image

The concentration of bifenthrin in the masterbatch of the present invention is about 0.1-30% by weight. Bifenthrin usually has an ignition point below the extrusion temperature of polyethylene, but its incorporation into PE wax masterbatches increases its thermal stability. Industrial grade bifenthrin has an ignition point of 165 ° C, but 2 in PE wax
Bifenthrin at 0 wt% concentration was found to have an ignition point of 213 ° C. In a preferred embodiment of banana bag making, a masterbatch is obtained by mixing polyethylene wax with about 20% by weight bifenthrin. The obtained masterbatch is about 110 to 125 ° C.
It has a melting point of and is extruded at 160-180 ° C. for banana bags. This masterbatch is also easy to grind to a powder for easy handling. The bifenthrin / PE wax masterbatch may be mixed with one or more polymers suitable for making concentrates. The polymers used in the concentrated compositions of the present invention include polyethylene, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, polypropylene or other polymers suitable for making crop protection bags. This masterbatch is added to low density polyethylene to make a concentrate for the production of banana bags and the like. The addition amount of the masterbatch is about 1 to 30% by weight. With extrusion compounding, the concentrate is typically pelletized.
In a preferred embodiment for obtaining concentrates for the production of banana bags and the like, pellet concentrates are obtained by mixing about 1 part of bifensulin / PE wax masterbatch with about 4-19 parts of low density polyethylene. The pellet concentrate is a banana bag or other plastic film that is a uniform mix of bifenthrin in varying concentrations throughout the plastic. It shows extremely great effect against various pests attacking bananas such as desired soldier fly and scale insect of bifenthrin.

Bifenthrin impregnated plastic films can also be used to protect other plants and structures from pests. For example, the banana bag described above may also be used to protect young Eucalyptus trees from leaf cuttings. Other pests that can be controlled by the plastic film of the present invention include the following: Coccinellidae (Ep)
ilacna varivestis Mul
s. ), The larvae of Shiroitomonjotoga (Spodo)
ptera exigua), a larva of the tobacco budworm (H
eliothis zea), nettle peach (T
richoplusia ni), larva of armyworm (Spodoptera eridania), and larva of Helicoverpa armigera (Heliothis virescen)
s), the stink bug (Oncopelius fasc)
iatus), underground termite (Coptotermeo)
curvignathus and Reticulit
ermesspp), pea aphid (A)
Cyrthosiphon pisum) and the spider mite (Tetranychus urticae).

Other pyrethroids can be used in the present invention, as exemplified by Bifenthrin. Generally suitable pyrethroids have the following properties: (1) photostability,
(2) flash point above about 180 ° C when mixed in a masterbatch, (3) efficacy in controlling insects at very low concentrations, and (4) very low or no toxic effects on human skin. To have. Examples of pyrethroids that can be used in the present invention include permethrin (3-phenoxybenzyl 3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2
-Dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), cypermethrin (α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 3-
(2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), alpha-cypermethrin ((S) -α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1R) -cis-3- (2,2-dichloroethene) Tenil)-
2,2-Dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and (R) -α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1S)
-Cis-3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2-
Dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), zeta-cypermethrin ((S) -α-
Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (±) -cis / trans 3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), deltamethrin ((S) -α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ( 1
R, 3R) -3- (2,2-dibromoethenyl) -2,
2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), tralomethrin ((S) -α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1R, 3R) -3- (1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethyl) -2,2-dimethyl Cyclopropanecarboxylate), lambuda cyhalothrin (α-cyano-
3-phenoxybenzyl 3- (2-chloro-3,3,3
-Trifluoroprop-1-ether) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), and cyfluthrin (α-cyano-4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzyl 3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2 -Dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate).

[0010]

EXAMPLE Bifenthrin-impregnated banana bags were tested for their efficacy in protecting growing banana plants. The test was Colas which was the main pest during the experiment.
pis) and scale insects in areas of Costa Rica heavily infested.

Test Method Bags were prepared and extruded by either of the following two methods. (A) Bifenthrin / PE wax pellets were physically mixed with a low density polyethylene resin and this mixture was extruded by the method described above to form a banana bag. (B) Bifenthrin was introduced into a polyethylene resin with a liquid solvent and then extruded to form a bag. For each of methods (a) and (b), bags were made with three concentrations of bifenthrin at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.3 wt%. Chloropyrifos-impregnated bags with 1.0 wt% active ingredient were tested for comparison.

[0012]

[Table 1]

Treatments 1 to 3 used bags prepared by the method (a), and treatments 4 to 6 used bags prepared by the method (b). In treatments 1 to 8, only the buds that had just emerged and the bracts had not bloomed were bagged. Treatment 9 bagged between the flowering of 0 to 3 bracts. The banana plant stems are designated for treatment (T1, T2, ... T8) and bags in sequential order (axis 1 was T1, axis 2 was T2, etc.) I got rid of it. Twenty axes were bagged per treatment at the germination stage (embolse prematuro) with two cycles per week. Treated 6 times with a bifence sack. That is, three times for bags prepared using the above method (a) (treatments 1 to 3) and three times for bags prepared using the above method (b) (treatments 4 to 6). there were. Treatment 7 was a control or pesticide free bag. Treatment 8 was carried out in a chloropyrifos-impregnated bag. Care was taken in all treatments 1-8 to bag only those buds that had just germinated and the bracts had not flowered.

Observation All axes were trimmed 14 weeks after the emergence of young shoots. In banana fields, individual bananas are commonly referred to as "fingers," and banana bundles are referred to as "hands."
At the time of cutting, the total number of fingers and total hands were recorded and the number of flawed fingers due to Coraspice, scale insects, soldier flies and caterpillars was recorded. The number of hands and fingers cut and the corresponding percentage of insect damage was thus determined.

Results Colaspis damage to the hands was present in controls where no pesticide was used, but was greatly reduced in all treatments with pesticide-containing bags. The worst percentage of hands damaged by Collaspis was 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% liquid bifenthrin (treatment 4
And with the bag dispensed in 5). The other bags containing bifenthrin (T1-3 and 6) were at least as effective as the chloropyrifos bags in preventing coraspis against hands.

Scale insect damage to the hands was significant in the control and in the treatment with the chloropyrifos bag. All treatments with bags containing bifenthrin greatly reduced scale damage to the hands. The most effective treatments are 0.1 wt% and 0.3
The bag was prepared with wt% bifenthrin (T1, 2, 4 and 5). Soldier fly against hands (sol
The damage of dier fly) was present in the control treatment and was greatly reduced in all treatments with the pesticide-containing bag. Bags prepared with 0.3 wt% bifenthrin (pellets) were most effective. The other bifenthrin-containing bags and the chloropyrifos bag were almost as effective at damaging the Soldier flies to the hands.

Caterpillar damage to the hands was minimal in the controls. All treatments with pesticide-containing bags prevented caterpillar damage and were almost as effective. Colaspice's damage to fingers was present in controls where no pesticide was used. And all treatments with pesticide-containing bags were greatly reduced. Since almost all of the damage in this treatment was due to one of the 19 shafts trimmed, Treatment 1 with a bag dispensed with 0.3 wt% bifenthrin (pellets) appeared as an outlier. The other bifenthrin bags (T2-6) were at least as effective as the chloropyrifos bag in controlling the damage of Colaspice to fingers.

Scale insect damage to fingers was present in the control and treatment with the chloropyrifos bag. Treatments 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 greatly reduced the scale insect damage. Treatment 3, which used bags containing 0.05 wt% bifenthrin (pellets), reduced the scale insect damage compared to the control and chloropyrifos treatments, but to a lesser extent than the other bifenthrin treatments.

The damage of the Soldier flies to the fingers was present in the control treatment and was greatly reduced in all treatments with the pesticide-containing bag. The treatment with the bifence phosphorus bag was at least as effective as the treatment with the chloropyrifos bag in preventing the damage of the Soldier flies to the fingers. Caterpillar damage to fingers was minimal with control treatment. All treatments with pesticide-containing bags prevented caterpillar damage and were almost equally effective.

The results described above demonstrate that treatment with bifenthrin bags provides excellent control over damage to Cola spice, scale insects and soldier flies, and can be contrasted with treatment with bags impregnated with high concentrations of chloropyrifos. ing. It will be apparent from the appended claims that various changes can be made in the formulation and application of the invention without departing from the inventive concept.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Bing Chien, Pennsylvania, USA 19333 Devon Barwin Baptist Road 586 (72) Inventor Marlene Rabin, NJ 08526 East Windsor Avon Drive F7 (72) Inventor Charles Athenesen United States Pennsylvania 19007 Bristol Radcliffe Street 328 (72) Inventor Rafael Difueo United States Florida 33146 Carroll Gabrès Alhambra Circle 5219

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. An insect-resistant plastic bag having an insecticidal effective amount of pyrethroid impregnated with a polymer suitable for producing a crop protection bag. 2. The bag of claim 1, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, ethylene / vinyl acetate polymers and polypropylene. 3. The bag according to claim 1, wherein the pyrethroid is selected from the group consisting of bifenthrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, tralomethrin, rambudacyhalothrin, cyfluthrin and permethrin. 4. The bag according to claim 1, wherein the pyrethroid is bifenthrin. 5. An insecticidal effective amount of pyrethroid and about 100.
A polymer masterbatch useful for making insect resistant plastic bags consisting of polyethylene wax homopolymer having an average molecular weight in the range of 0 and about 4000. 6. The masterbatch according to claim 5, wherein the pyrethroid is bifenthrin. 7. The pyrethroid concentration is 0.1 to 30% by weight.
The masterbatch according to claim 5, wherein 8. The masterbatch according to claim 5, wherein the pyrethroid concentration is 15 to 30% by weight. 9. The bag according to claim 1, wherein the bag is a banana bag. 10. The concentration of bifenthrin in the bag is 0.0.
The bag according to claim 1, which is 1 to 1.0% by weight. 11. The concentration of bifenthrin is from 0.05 to.
The bag according to claim 1, which is 0.3% by weight. 12. A method for protecting banana plants from killing, which comprises covering the banana plants with a bag according to claim 9. 13. A masterbatch is prepared by adding (1) an insecticidal effective amount of pyrethroid to polyethylene wax, (2) a masterbatch is added to low density polyethylene to form a mixture, and (3) the mixture is extruded. And (4) a process for treating the concentrate with blow film grade polyethylene to produce a thin film for use in the production of a crop protection bag. . 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the pyrethroid is bifenthrin. 15. 15-30% by weight in a masterbatch
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the bifenthrin is present. 16. A plastic film containing 0.01 to
15. The method of claim 14, wherein 1.0 wt% of bifenthrin is present. 17. A method for controlling insects which covers a place requiring insect control with the bag according to claim 1. 18. A method for controlling insects, which covers a place requiring insect control with a bag according to claim 9.