JPH0890302A - Metal cutting machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a metal cutting machine tool that is capable of setting a workpiece and vice versa without using a robot, an auto loader or the like. CONSTITUTION: A saddle 2 travels in the longitudinal direction on a machine frame 1, and a work head headstock 6 moves up and down on this saddle 2 by a Z-axis servomotor 8. A work piston W is grasped by a chuck attached to a work spindle 9 at a carry-in position A and fed to an opposed position with a pusher 22 and then it goes down, whereby a supporter 23 of this pusher 22 goes up, thereby supporting the piston W. In succession, a pin hole of this piston W is machined by a boring unit 19, and likewise an oil hole is machined by a drill unit 24, then the piston W is made to go up, conveying it to a carry- out position B. Since the work is conveyed by the chuck attached to the work headstock 9, a robot and an auto loader fall into disuse.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal machine tool having a work head stock with a work spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, automatic attachment / detachment (also called loading / unloading) of a workpiece to / from a metal machine tool having a workpiece headstock has been performed by a workpiece attaching / detaching device. Robots, autoloaders, and the like are well known as the work attaching / detaching device, and a great variety of devices are put into practical use.

A metal machine tool having a work headstock is typically a lathe among turning machines, and a grinding machine is a cylindrical grinder or a cam grinder. Such a workpiece spindle is designed to rotate continuously, and in some multi-task machines that perform turning and drilling, the workpiece spindle can be indexed and rotated in addition to continuous rotation. A workpiece grasping device, for example, a hydraulic chuck is attached to such a workpiece spindle, and grasps the workpiece by the hydraulic chuck during machining.

Since an autoloader used in a metal machine tool having such a workpiece headstock is not required to be as versatile as a robot, it is more convenient to carry a machined workpiece out of the metal machine tool and to carry in an unmachined workpiece. Many are designed to work without being inserted.

[0005]

Robots and autoloaders are generally versatile and can be applied to various metal machine tools. Since such robots and autoloaders have versatility for various metal machine tools, they are usually planned separately and the manufacturer is often different from the manufacturer of the metal machine tool. In this way, when the manufacturer is different from the metal machine tool manufacturer, it is often complicated and expensive as a workpiece attaching / detaching device because it has general versatility.

The robot and the autoloader are installed in a space outside the metal machine tool and fixed to the metal machine tool or installed separately from the metal machine tool. Therefore, the installation space for the robot and the autoloader is required, and the space occupied by the robot and the autoloader often makes maintenance and inspection of machines and tool setting difficult. It is necessary to separate the work piece grasping device from the metal machine tool far away, and there are autoloaders designed for such a purpose, but the equipment is large, and the conveyance distance between the metal machine tool and the conveyor becomes long. However, there is a drawback that it takes a long time to attach and detach the workpiece to and from the metal machine tool.

In a so-called autoloader line, in which metal machine tools are continuously arranged through a plurality of conveyors and parts are divided into a plurality of steps to process, due to the arrangement of the workpiece attaching / detaching device, the conveyor carry-in and carry-out sides are metal works. The distance from the machine increases, and it tends to happen. In other words, the robot and the arm of the autoloader automatically deliver the workpiece to the workpiece grasping device provided on the workpiece spindle of the metal machine tool in order to bring the workpiece to and from the workpiece spindle. Then, a workpiece is carried in from the machine in the previous process to the metal machine tool by a conveyor, the workpiece is mounted on the metal machine tool by a robot or an autoloader, and after mounting, the robot and the autoloader retract. Prior to mounting the workpiece on the metal machine tool, the workpiece machined by the metal machine tool is removed and delivered to the unloading side conveyor.

For this reason, when the number of robots with one arm is one, the machined work is first carried out from the metal machine tool, and then the arm of the robot is moved from the carry-out side to the carry-in side to move the work on the carry-in side conveyor. The robot grasps it, carries it into a metal machine tool, and mounts it on the work spindle.

In the case where there are two such robots, one robot receives the processed workpiece from the workpiece grasping device of the workpiece spindle of the metal machine tool and at the same time the other robot receives the conveyor on the loading side. Since one robot can receive an unprocessed workpiece from another machine, another robot can carry the workpiece in while the workpiece is being carried out from the metal machine tool. The time for loading and unloading things will be faster. The same applies to the autoloader, but the autoloader can be provided with two arms each provided with a member for grasping a workpiece in one autoloader, and the installation space can be reduced.

In the robot and the autoloader, the workpiece grasped by the arm and the grasping device of the arm end must be evacuated to the outside of the movement trajectory of the tool table carrying the tool, and from the aspect of machine maintenance, the arm of the robot and the autoloader must be evacuated. Is preferably sufficiently separated from the machined part, so that the distance between the conveyors arranged on the carry-in side and the carry-out side of one metal machine tool becomes large.

For the above reasons, the autoloader line becomes long and the installation floor area increases.

The above is the case where the conveyors are arranged in series between the metal machine tools, but in the case where one conveyor is arranged through the metal machine tools arranged in parallel, another conveyor is provided before and after one metal machine tool. Since the metal machine tools are arranged, the installation floor area does not become small, and the autoloader used has to carry in and carry out the workpieces from one metal conveyor to the other metal machine tools. An autoloader is required, and the autoloader also has a large range of motion.

An object of the present invention is to provide a metal machine tool capable of attaching / detaching a workpiece without using a workpiece attaching / detaching device such as a robot or an autoloader.

[0014]

A first aspect of the present invention is a machine head stock which is rotatably supported and has a work material spindle connected to a drive unit so that the work head stock can be displaced by a guide means and a feed device. The machine base is equipped with a tool stand that supports the tool for machining the work piece attached to the work piece spindle, and the work piece headstock is at the work piece mounting position outside the installation range of the tool stand and at the work piece mounting position. A metal machine tool having a machining position within an installation range of a tool table for machining a mounted work piece and a workpiece removal position outside the installation range of the tool table.

A second aspect of the present invention is a column having a guide provided in the left and right direction on the upper part of the front surface, and a work piece mounting position and removal outside the locus of a tool table that engages with the guide of the upper part of the column and carries a tool. Position, and the work head stock with the work is moved to the working position of the tool, a saddle provided with a vertical guide on the front surface, the work head stock engaging with the vertical guide of the saddle, and a saddle , A workpiece headstock feeder, a workpiece grasper mounted on the workpiece spindle in the vertical direction provided on the workpiece spindle stock, and a tool stand provided below the front of the column. A metal machine tool is characterized in that a work headstock carries a work in and out from a work mounting position to a work position of a tool and from a work working position to a work removal position.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the upper portion of the column projects in the left-right direction, and a guide for the left-right direction is provided on this projection, so that the installation space for the carrying-in and carrying-out transport means for the work below the projection is provided. The metal machine tool according to the second aspect of the invention is provided with.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the tool rest has a boring unit, a drill unit, and a workpiece support device, and the boring unit is movably engaged with a guide in the left-right direction below the front surface of the column. A rough boring unit and a fine boring unit, which are movably engaged with a guide in the front-rear direction provided on a lower saddle driven by a lateral feed device and driven by the longitudinal feed device, are provided in parallel, The drill unit is fixed to the column so as to face the boring unit, and the workpiece support device is provided with a support tool for supporting the workpiece from below and a sleeve for urging the support tool upward, at the upper end. The second feature is that the piston hole of the piston of the internal combustion engine is machined and the oil hole can be machined with the drill unit.
Alternatively, the metal machine tool according to the third invention.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the tool rest has a turning tool rest, and the turning tool rest is provided so as to be movable vertically and horizontally below the front surface of the column. A metal machine tool according to the second or third invention.

A sixth invention of the present invention is the metal machine tool according to the fifth invention, characterized in that a tailstock is provided below the front surface of the column in a direction opposite to the workpiece headstock.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the metal machine tool according to the second or third aspect, characterized in that a turret tool post is provided below the front surface of the column.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1] This embodiment 1 is a process-integrating machine in which the process of piston holes and oil holes of a piston for an internal combustion engine can be processed by one machine.

FIG. 1 is a front view and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. The upper part of the machine base 1 is wider than the lower part in the left-right direction. The machine base 1 is provided with a lateral guide 1a at the upper part of the front surface and a lateral guide 1b at the lower part. An upper saddle 2 is movably engaged with a guide 1a on an upper portion of the machine base 1. A ball nut (not shown) is fixed to the upper saddle 2, and the ball screw 3a screwed into the ball nut is parallel to the upper guide 1a and is supported by the left and right bearings 3b and 3c on the upper portion of the machine base 1. There is. The screw feeding device 3 including a ball nut and a ball screw is driven by an X-axis servomotor 5 fixed to the machine base 1 via a winding transmission device 4 such as a pulley and a timing belt.

A vertical guide 2a is provided on the front surface of the saddle 2, and a vertical slide 25 having a workpiece headstock 6 fixed thereto is movably engaged with the guide 2a.

A screw having a ball nut fixed to the vertical slide 25 between the upper saddle 2 and the vertical slide 25, and a ball screw screwed into the ball nut and rotatably supported by the upper saddle 2 via a bearing. The feeding device 7 is connected to a Z-axis servomotor 8 fixed to the upper saddle 2.

The work headstock 6 has a work main shaft 9 in the vertical direction.
Is rotatably supported. As shown in FIG. 3, a C-axis servomotor 12 is connected to the rear part of the workpiece spindle 9 via a worm gear pair 11. C-axis servo motor 12
Is fixed to the workpiece headstock 6. When the C-axis servomotor 12 is rotated, the workpiece spindle 9 is continuously or indexedly rotated through the worm gear pair 11.

The workpiece spindle 9 has a through hole 9a, and a workpiece grasping device (not shown) fixed to the spindle head of the workpiece spindle 9, such as a hydraulic chuck, has a through hole 9 in the workpiece spindle 9.
It is operated by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) connected to the rear side of the work spindle 9 through a draw bar that passes through a.

A lower saddle 13 is movably engaged with a lower guide 1b provided on the machine base 1. A screw feed device 14 having a ball nut fixed to the lower saddle 13 and a ball screw screwed into the ball nut and rotatably supported on the machine base 1 through a bearing is an X1 axis servo fixed to the machine base 1. The ball screw is connected to the motor 15.

On the upper surface of the lower saddle 13, there is provided a longitudinal guide 13a in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1 and in a direction parallel to the paper surface in FIG. 2, and a longitudinal slide 16 for the boring unit is movably engaged with the guide 13a. I am fit. A ball screw that is screwed into a ball nut fixed to the boring unit front-rear slide 16 and rotatably supported by a bearing fixed to the lower saddle 13 (both of which constitute a screw feeding device) is wound. It is connected to a Y-axis servomotor 18 via a transmission device 17. The Y-axis servomotor 18 is fixed to the lower saddle 13. By driving the Y-axis servomotor 18, the winding transmission device 1
7. The front and rear slide 16 for the boring unit is moved forward and backward through the screw feeding device (not shown), and the spindle center of the rough boring unit 19 and the fine boring unit 21 fixed to this slide 16 is selectively the work spindle 9 It intersects with the center of.

On the slide 16 for boring unit, a rough boring unit 19 and a fine boring unit 21 having a spindle parallel to the lower guide 1b and having the same center height are fixed in parallel. The rough boring unit 19 and the fine boring unit 21 each include a motor and a boring spindle, and boring tools are attached to the ends of the spindle.

In FIG. 1, a pusher 22 is arranged on the right side of the lower saddle 13. Body 2 of pusher 22
2a is a cylindrical sleeve 2 fixed to the machine base 1 and slidably fitted in a vertical sliding hole of the pusher main body 22a.
2b is movable in the vertical direction, and a support tool 23 for supporting the piston pin boss W5 (see FIG. 4) of the workpiece piston W from below is attached to the upper end of the sleeve 22b. The support 23 has a slender member whose upper end supports the lower half of the piston pin boss W5 shown in FIG. 4, and is concentric with the sleeve 22b.

The center of the support tool 23 is oriented in the vertical direction, and the saddle 2 is moved so that the work head stock 6 is supported by the support tool 2.
3 is located at a position aligned with the center of the work spindle 9 when it comes directly above. Although not shown, the sleeve 22b is connected to a hydraulic cylinder built in the pusher 22 and moves by hydraulic drive in the vertical direction.

The drill unit 24 equipped with a spindle parallel to the upper guide 1a and having its center line orthogonal to the center line of the work spindle 9 is equipped with a high frequency motor, which is driven by the high frequency motor and is concentric with the spindle tip. A drill is attached to. In this example, rough boring unit 1
9. The spindles of the fine boring unit 21 and the drill unit 24 have the same shaft center.

The above-mentioned X-axis servo motor 5, Y-axis servo motor 18, Z-axis servo motor 8, X1-axis servo motor 15, and C-axis servo motor 12 are controlled by a numerical controller 26.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the piston W to be machined by the metal machine tool according to this embodiment. The piston W is made of a light alloy, and the piston pin hole W1 is finished by rough boring and fine boring. Further, radial oil holes W3 penetrating from the bottom of the lower oil ring groove W2 into the piston are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction.
This piston W has been processed by turning in the pre-processing. The piston W is fixed to the work spindle 9 by grasping a processing waste boss W6 provided around the piston head portion or in the upper center of the piston head by a hydraulic chuck fixed to the end of the work spindle 9.

The carrying posture of the piston W by the carry-in conveyor 27 is vertical, and the piston W is arranged vertically by means of the jig 27 in which the outer periphery of the piston pin boss W5 is supported from below by a slender member. The piston pin hole W1 is supported and conveyed, and the center of the piston pin hole W1 is parallel to the paper surface in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pre-processed piston W is sent by the carry-in conveyor 27 and directly conveyed to the conveyor 2.
Work piece standby position A at 7 ends or transfer device (not shown)
It is moved to and waits. In the latter case in this example, the piston W sent to the metal machine tool by the carry-in conveyor 27 is sent to the position A by the transfer device. The transfer device is usually attached to the carry-in conveyor 27.

The processed piston W ′ processed by this metal machine tool is discharged to the carry-out conveyor 28.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. In the following description, when the workpiece W is conveyed by the piston W, it is rapidly fed to the vicinity of a predetermined position, and at the predetermined position, it is switched to normal feed, but a description thereof may be omitted. In the processing of the aluminum cast piston W performed up to the previous step, the turning processing such as the outer peripheral ring groove, the boss-remaining head, the skirt end surface, and the skirt end surface inside / outer peripheral chamfering in FIG. Is in the state of black skin. Carry-in conveyor 27
The piston W, which has been subjected to the turning process of the pre-machining that has been brought in by the above, is moved to the standby position A in the vertical posture while not rotating, and is moved by the changing device so that the shaft center is vertical and the piston head is placed upward. .

The numerical controller 26 drives the X-axis servomotor 5 and causes the saddle 2 to move leftward in FIG. The center line and the center of the work spindle 9 are made to coincide with each other, the X-axis servomotor 5 is stopped, and then the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to move the Z-axis servomotor 8 to fix the workpiece spindle stock 6 through the vertical slide 25. Then, the Z-axis servo motor 8 is stopped and stopped, and the grasping claws (scrolling claws in this example) of the hydraulic chuck attached to the spindle head of the workpiece spindle 9 surround and grasp the piston head of the piston W. Next, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven in the reverse direction to drive the workpiece headstock 6
The upper and lower slides 25, to which is fixed, are raised. This ascending range is up to a position where it does not interfere with each tool stand that carries a tool when the piston W moves to the right in FIG. 1, in this example, the rough boring unit 19 and the fine boring unit 21.

The piston W raised together with the work headstock 6 stops raising together with the work headstock 6 by stopping the Z-axis servomotor 8, and the X-axis servomotor 5 drives the saddle 2 to the right in FIG. The piston W moves to the right with the work headstock 6 and moves to the work spindle 9 and pusher 2.
When the X-axis servomotor 5 is stopped and the Z-axis servomotor 5 is stopped, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to move down the vertical slide 25 that fixes the workpiece headstock 6. , Workpiece headstock 6 and piston W
Goes down. When the center of the piston pin hole W1 reaches a height that coincides with the spindle centers of the rough boring unit 19 and the fine boring unit 21, the Z-axis servomotor 8 stops and the piston W stops.

Subsequently, the pusher 22 is urged to raise the sleeve 22b, the supporting tool 23 at the end of the sleeve 22b enters the skirt W4 of the piston W, and the piston pin boss W5.
Hold it up and push it up. In this way, the piston W is conveyed by changing the position of the workpiece headstock 6 from the loading side standby position, that is, the mounting position to the processing position, and is positioned at the processing position.

At the machining position, as shown in FIG. 2, the center of the boring spindle of the rough boring unit 19 and the center of the work spindle 9 intersect. Here, the X1 axis servomotor 15 is driven and the lower saddle 13 rapidly moves to the right in FIG. 1 via the screw feed device 14, and the blade of the rough boring spindle is the piston pin hole W1 of the piston W.
The rough boring spindle rotates as it is converted to the cutting feed rate when approaching. Rough boring unit 1
Reference numeral 9 denotes a cutting feed rate, which moves to the right in FIG.
The piston hole W1 of is roughly turned. After the rough turning, the X1 axis servo motor 15 is biased in the opposite direction, and the rough boring unit 19 stops the rotation of its spindle and is carried by the lower saddle 13 to return to the original position, and the X1 axis servo motor 15 stops. To stop.

Next, the Y-axis servomotor 18 is driven and the front and rear slides 16 for the spindle are moved forward (to the right in FIG. 2) via the winding transmission device 17 and the screw feed device to move the spindle of the fine boring unit 21. The position of the center is interchanged with the center of the spindle of the rough boring unit 19, and the center of the work spindle 9 and the center of the fine boring unit 21 intersect.

Here, the X1 axis servomotor 15 is driven, the lower saddle 13 rapidly moves to the right in FIG. 1, and when the blade of the boring spindle of the fine boring unit 21 approaches the piston pin hole W1 of the piston W, the cutting feed rate is increased. Fine boring unit 21
, The X1 axis servomotor 15 is controlled at a slow speed, and the lower saddle 13 is fed to the right by cutting feed. As a result, the piston pin hole W1 is fine-bored. After the fine boring process is completed, the X1 axis servomotor 15 is biased in the opposite direction, and the lower saddle 13 is rapidly fed to the left in FIG.
The boring spindle of the fine boring unit 21 comes out from the piston pin hole W1 of the piston W and stops when the X1 axis servomotor 15 stops at the retracted position. The fine boring unit 21 is provided with a fixed position stopping device for the spindle, stops the blade of the spindle in a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, and drives the Y-axis servomotor 18 to move the front and rear slides 16 by a small amount. It is desirable to move the blade of the spindle away from the piston pin hole W1 and retract the fine boring unit 21.

Next, the pusher 22 is urged in the backward direction so that the support tool 23 moves downward from the piston W and stops at the retracted position. At the same time, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven, and the workpiece headstock 6 is lowered by the distance a between the center of the piston pin hole W1 and the center of the piston oil hole W3 shown in FIG.

Here, the oil hole W3 of the piston is machined. That is, the drill unit 24 is biased, and the drill attached to the end of the spindle rotates at high speed. Then, the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven, the upper saddle 2 moves to the right in FIG. 1, one oil hole 3 is processed by the drill attached to the drill unit 24, and the X-axis servomotor 5 reverses after processing. Then, the upper saddle 2 moves to the left in FIG.
Retracts from the drill, and the X-axis servomotor 5 stops.

Here, the C-axis servomotor 12 is driven to index and rotate the workpiece spindle 9 via the worm gear pair 11. That is, if the oil holes W3 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the piston W, the workpiece spindle 9 is indexed and rotated by 360 ° / 8 = 45 °. After the indexing rotation, the X-axis servomotor 5 drives the upper saddle 2 so as to move to the right in FIG. 1, and the second oil hole W3 is drilled. Similarly, the oil hole W3 is processed by moving the piston W to the right in FIG. 1, and the piston W is moved to the left to perform indexing rotation, and the oil holes W3 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the oil ring groove W2 of the piston W. And complete. Of course, when the oil holes W3 are not evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the piston W, rotation indexing is performed by a required program.

Finally, after the processing of the oil hole W3 is completed, the upper saddle 2 moves leftward and the processed piston W'is set in the drill unit 2.
When retracted from the drill No. 4, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to raise the workpiece headstock 6 and even if the piston W attached to the spindle head of the workpiece spindle 9 via the hydraulic chuck goes to the right, it is drilled. It stops at a position where it does not interfere with the unit 24, the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven, and the upper saddle 2 moves to the position shown in FIG.
When the processed piston W ′ reaches the upper side of the carry-out conveyor 28 together with the workpiece headstock 6 in the right direction, the X-axis servomotor 5 is stopped and the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to fix the workpiece headstock 6. Lower the vertical slide 25,
When the lower end of the skirt of the processed piston W ′ grasped by the hydraulic chuck mounted on the spindle head of the work spindle 9 approaches the carry-out conveyor 28, the Z-axis servomotor 8 stops and is attached to the work spindle 9. The hydraulic chuck releases the grasping pawl, and the piston W ′ is transferred onto the carry-out conveyor 28.
Subsequently, the Z-axis servo motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction and the work headstock 6 is raised. When the workpiece main shaft 9 is raised, the grasping claws of the hydraulic chuck are opened and raised to a position where they do not interfere with the separated piston W ', and the carry-out conveyor 28 is operated to carry the processed piston W'outside the machine. The Z-axis servomotor 8 is further urged in the same direction, and even if the upper saddle 2 moves to the left in FIG. 1, the hydraulic chuck attached to the workpiece spindle 9 at the lowermost end of the workpiece spindle stock 6 causes the drill unit 24, Rough boring unit 19, Fine boring unit 2
The workpiece headstock 6 is raised to a position where it does not interfere with 1 and stopped.

During the processing of the piston W, the carry-in conveyor 27 sends the piston W, which has been processed in the previous step, to the carry-in side and moves it to the standby position A.

After the above-mentioned processing is completed, when the vertical slide 25 holding the workpiece headstock 6 stops rising, the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven and the upper saddle 2 moves leftward in FIG. The piston W at the standby position A on the carry-in side moves until the center of the piston W coincides with it, and the X-axis servomotor 5 is stopped. The X-axis servomotor 5 drives the Y-axis servomotor while rapidly feeding the upper saddle 2 to the left, the positions of the fine boring unit 21 and the rough boring unit 19 are changed, and the boring spindle of the rough boring unit 19 is changed. Center of work piece spindle 9
It has been changed to a position that intersects with the center of.

The operation of the second piston W is carried out on the carry-out conveyor 28 after the first piston W is conveyed from the standby position A to the processing position and rough-bored, fine-bored, and piston oil hole drilled. It is the same as the operation until it is sent out.

In this embodiment, the work is carried in from the carry-in conveyor to the working position, and is carried out from the working position to the carry-out conveyor, and the work is given the required cutting feed and drill feed for boring, and the work is indexed. Since the movement of the workpiece required for machining such as rotation is performed by the workpiece headstock, the workpiece can be carried in and out of the machining position without the need for a robot or an autoloader, and it is also fed for cutting. Since it is possible to draw a desired locus, etc., (1) Looking at the entire device, the only device for loading and unloading workpieces is the conveyor, so the entire device is simple. (2) The machine loading and unloading distance is small, and the conveyor is also close to the machine body, so the machine layout area is small.

[Example 2] This example 2 is an example considered to be suitable for turning. 5 is a front view of the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG.

A machine base 1, an upper saddle 2, a screw feed device 3 for driving the upper saddle 2 in the left-right direction, and a winding transmission device 4, X for connecting the screw feed device 3 and the X-axis servomotor 5.
The axis servo motor 5, the vertical slide 25, the workpiece headstock 6, the screw feed device 7 that can drive the workpiece headstock 6 in the vertical direction, the Z-axis servomotor 8 connected to the screw feed device 7, and the like are used in the first embodiment. The same members are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only parts different from the first embodiment will be described.

Lower guide 1 in the left-right direction below the front of the machine base 1
A lower saddle 31 is movably engaged with b. The lower saddle 31 is driven in the left-right direction in FIG. 5 by the screw feed device 14 from the X1-axis servomotor 15 as in the lower saddle 13 in the first embodiment.

A vertical slide 32 is movably engaged with a vertical guide 31a provided on the front surface of the lower saddle 31. A ball screw 29a connected to a Z1 axis servomotor 30 is screwed into a ball nut (not shown) fixed to the vertical slide 32 to form a screw feeding device 29. Z1 axis servo motor 30 is lower saddle 31
It is fixed to. The ball screw 29a is a lower saddle 3
It is rotatably supported by a bearing fixed to 1. A tool rest 33 is fixed to the front surface of the vertical slide 32. The tool rest 33 is provided with a cutting tool 34 as a turning tool. It is well known that the tool post 33 is fixed so that its position can be adjusted and that it can be turned together, and that there are various modified forms.

When the work headstock 6 moves to the left and right in FIG. 5 due to the movement of the upper saddle 2 on the machine base 1,
The tailstock 35 is fixed so that the center of the work spindle 9 and the center of the tailstock sleeve 35a coincide with each other. The tailstock sleeve 35a is vertically movably fitted to the tailstock body 35b, and can be moved forward and backward by a built-in hydraulic cylinder.

In this example, the workpiece is the shaft W10, and the material shaft W10 carried in by the carry-in conveyor 27 is carried out by the carry-out conveyor 28 after processing into a stepped shaft W10 '.
The carry-in conveyor 27 and the carry-out conveyor 28, when carrying a shaft product (elongated cylindrical work), send the product in the horizontal position with the axis centered horizontally, so the transfer device at the carry-in position stands up by standing the material shaft 10. At the unloading position, the stepped shaft 10 'is moved horizontally to the position A and is fed in the direction perpendicular to the axis.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. The material shaft W10 sent by the carry-in conveyor 27 has center holes on both end surfaces. The material shaft W10 moved from the carry-in conveyor 27 to the standby position A is placed upright. Where X
The shaft servomotor 5 is driven, and the upper saddle 2 moves leftward in FIG. 5 by the screw feeding device 3 via the winding transmission device 4, and the center of the work spindle 9 coincides with the shaft center of the material shaft W10 at the standby position A. When the X-axis servomotor 5 is deenergized, the upper saddle 2 is stopped at the position.

Next, the work headstock 6 is lowered together with the vertical slide 25 through the screw feed device 7 by driving the Z-axis servomotor 8, and the headstock center 37 attached to the tip of the workstock spindle 9 is moved to the material shaft W10. Fit into the center hole at one end of
The Z-axis servomotor 8 stops and the workpiece headstock 6 stops at a fixed position. Subsequently, the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36 attached to the tip of the workpiece headstock 9 grasps the upper end of the material shaft W10.

Next, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is urged and the work head stock 6 is raised together with the vertical slide 25, so that the material shaft W1 is moved more than the member holding the material shaft W10 in the standby position.
The Z-axis servomotor 8 stops at a position where 0 is separated upward, the workpiece headstock 6 stops rising, and then the X-axis servomotor 5 is energized to rapidly feed the upper saddle 2 to the right in FIG. The work spindle 9 on the extension of the center of the tailstock center 36.
When the center of the tailstock approaches, the upper saddle 2 is decelerated, and the tailstock center 38 fitted to the upper end of the tailstock sleeve 35a is
When the center of the workpiece and the center of the workpiece spindle 9 coincide with each other, the X-axis servomotor 5 stops and the upper saddle 2 stops. The stop position of the upper dollar 2 is controlled by the numerical controller 26.

Here, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven, the workpiece headstock 6 is lowered, the workpiece material axis W10 is positioned at a fixed position in the vertical direction which is the cutting position, and the Z-axis servomotor 8 is stopped. To do.

Next, the tailstock sleeve 35a is moved forward toward the material axis W10 to move the tailstock center 38 to the material axis W10.
Insert into the center hole at the bottom of the. At this time, the tailstock sleeve 35a determines that the pressure of the pressure oil is low, and
Raise 5a. Here, the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36 is slightly loosened, the pressure of the pressure oil is increased to increase the propulsive force of the tailstock sleeve 35a, and then the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36 is tightened again.

When the C-axis servomotor 12 is energized and the workpiece spindle 9 is continuously rotated through the worm gear pair 11, the hydraulic chuck 36 which rotates together with the workpiece spindle 9 is rotated.
Rotates the material axis W10. Waiting for such rotation of the work spindle 9, the X1 axis servomotor 15 and the Z1 axis servomotor 30 are driven to feed the lower saddle 31 in the horizontal direction in FIG. , A tool post 33 attached to the vertical slide 32
Is fed in the radial direction of the material shaft W10 mounted between the work spindle 9 and the tailstock 35 together with the cutting tool 34. The vertical slide 32 moves up and down by the bias of the Z1 axis servomotor 30, and the tool rest 33 is sent together with the cutting tool 34 in the axial direction of the material axis W10.

The X1 axis servomotor 15 and the Z1 axis servomotor 30 are operated in association with each other by the numerical controller 26.
The cutting tool 34 is cut into the material axis W10 and is turned into a product axis W10 '. Thus, when the turning process is completed, at least the X1 axis servomotor 15 is driven to move the lower saddle 31 to the left via the screw feeding device 14 to move the tool rest 33.
With that, the bite 34 retreats. Move away from the product axis W10 '.

Here, the tailstock sleeve 35a is lowered, and the tailstock center 38 is separated from the lower end of the product shaft W10 '. The product axis W10 'is grasped by the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36. Subsequently, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven, the workpiece headstock 6 fixed to the vertical slide 25 rises,
By the movement of the upper saddle 2 to the carry-out side, the product shaft W10 ′ supported by the chuck 36 is pulled up to a position where it does not interfere with other members, and then the Z-axis servomotor 8 stops.

Subsequently, the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven and the upper saddle 2 moves to the right in FIG. 5, and the product axis W10 'is carried by the work head stock 6 and conveyed above the carry-out position B, where X is set. Stop the axis servo motor 5. Subsequently, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to lower the workpiece headstock 6 fixed to the vertical slide 25 to lower the product axis W10 'to the carry-out position B and loosen the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36. The product shaft W10 'is moved from the carry-out position B onto the carry-out conveyor 28 by a transfer device (not shown) or a chute. Here, as soon as the product axis W10 'is located at the carry-out position B and the hydraulic chuck 36 is loosened, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is immediately released.
Is driven to raise the workpiece headstock 6 together with the vertical slide 25, and the carry-out conveyor 28 sends the product shaft W10 'to the next step.

On the other hand, the material shaft W10 to be processed next is sent to the above-described standby position A on the loading side of the material shaft W10 during processing. As described above, the work headstock 6 is lifted on the carry-out side to stop the Z-axis servomotor 8, or the work headstock 6 is lifted after the product shaft W10 'is released from the hydraulic chuck 36 on the carry-out side. The gripper 3 of the hydraulic chuck 36
When 6a no longer interferes with the product axis W10 'at the carry-out position B, the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven to drive the upper saddle 2
5, the X-axis servomotor 5 is stopped and the upper saddle 2 is stopped at a position where the center of the material axis W10 at the standby position A on the loading side and the center of the workpiece headstock 9 coincide rapidly with each other in FIG. At the same time, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to lower the workpiece headstock 6 to move the headstock center 37 to the material axis W1.
0 gripping claw 3 of the hydraulic chuck 36
The material axis W10 is grasped by the 6a, the material axis W10 is conveyed to the processing position and processed in the same manner as described above, and the processed product axis W
Carry out 10 '.

According to this embodiment, the turning work by the center work can be performed.

The chuck work according to this example is performed in the same manner as above without using the tailstock 35.

[Embodiment 3] Embodiment 3 is an embodiment suitable for performing chuck work processing. FIG. 7 is a front view of the third embodiment.

The machine base 1, the upper saddle 2, the screw feed device 3 for driving the upper saddle 2 in the left-right direction, and the winding transmission device 4, X for connecting the screw feed device 3 and the X-axis servomotor 5.
Axis servo motor 5, vertical slide 25, workpiece headstock 6, vertical slide 25 together with a screw feed device 7 capable of vertically driving the workpiece headstock 6, a Z-axis servomotor 8 connected to the screw feed device 7, etc. Is the same as in Example 1,
The same members are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only parts different from the first embodiment will be described. Although the side view of FIG. 7 is omitted, members related to the above configuration are shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.

A turret 41 is provided on the machine base 1 just below the upper saddle 2. The turret 41 is a base 4
2 is fixedly fixed to the machine base 1. Alternatively, the base 42 may be configured as a slide whose position can be adjusted in both up, down, left and right directions.

On the base 42, a turret tool rest 43 is attached which is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIG. A tool 4 is attached to the turret tool post 43.
4, for example, a rough finishing tool 44a, a finishing tool 44b,
A drill 44c, a drill 44d, a boring tool 44e, a grooving tool 44f, etc. are attached. The working height of the tool 44 attached to the turret tool rest 43 is concentric with the workpiece headstock 6. The turret tool post 43 is indexed and controlled by an auxiliary function of the numerical control device 26 in association with the control of the X-axis servomotor 5 and the Z-axis servomotor 8 by the numerical control device 26.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. Workpiece W30
If it is a forged material, the black skin of the part to be grasped in the previous process is processed into a cylindrical shape and sent by the carry-in conveyor 27, and the transfer device waits by placing the center vertically in the standby device A. are doing.

When the X-axis servomotor 5 is first driven, FIG.
, The upper saddle 2 moves leftward by rapid feed, and when the center of the work spindle 9 coincides with the center of the work W30, the X-axis servomotor 5 is deenergized, the upper saddle 2 stops, and the Z-axis servomotor 8 The workpiece headstock 6 that is biased and fixed to the vertical slide 25 descends together with the vertical slide 25, and the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36 at the end of the workpiece spindle 9 causes the workpiece W3 to move.
It surrounds the grasping part of 0 and stops at a position where the position in the relative axial direction with respect to the workpiece W30 becomes constant. Grasping claw 36 here
a grasps the workpiece W30, and then the Z-axis servomotor 8
Is urged to move the workpiece headstock 6 together with the vertical slide 25, the workpiece W30 rises, and the Z-axis servomotor 8 stops at a position where there is no interference with the movement of the workpiece W30 in the left-right direction. The servo motor 5 is energized to move the upper saddle 2 rightward by rapid feed in FIG. 7, and the workpiece headstock 9 comes to a predetermined machining position.

Here, the C-axis servomotor 12 is driven,
The workpiece spindle 9, the hydraulic chuck 36, and the workpiece W30 rotate. The numerical controller 26 drives the X-axis servo motor 5 and the Z-axis servo motor 8 in association with each other, and the rough finishing tool 44a.
The workpiece W30 is moved so as to draw a relative tool path, and the workpiece W30 is turned by the rough finishing tool 44a.

When the turning process is completed by the rough finishing tool 44a, the X-axis servo motor 5 or the Z-axis servo motor 8 or both servo motors 5 and 8 are driven to a position where the turning of the turret tool post 43 is not hindered. The object W30 is retracted, the turret tool post 43 is indexed and rotated, and the finishing tool 44b is positioned at the position of the rough finishing tool 44a. After that, the X-axis servo motor 5 and the Z-axis servo motor 8 are associated with each other to cut into the workpiece W30, and finish turning is performed.

When finishing turning is completed, the work W30 is moved to a position where the turning of the turret tool rest 43 is not obstructed by driving the X-axis servomotor 5 and the Z-axis servomotor 8. Then, the turret tool post 43 is indexed and rotated, and the drill 4
4c is directed vertically upward. When the workpiece W30 is retracted, the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven so that the center of the workpiece headstock 9 coincides with the center of the vertically oriented drill 44c.

Here, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is urged to lower the workpiece headstock 6 and the workpiece W30 is perforated by the drill 44c to form a hole in the center of the workpiece W30.

Next, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is energized to raise the workpiece headstock 6 and the workpiece W30 to the turret tool rest 4.
Retreat from 3, and the turret tool post 43 will index and rotate,
A drill 44d having a larger diameter than the drill 44c is positioned vertically upward. Here, the Z-axis servomotor 8 reversely rotates, the workpiece headstock 6 descends, and the center hole of the workpiece W30 is expanded by the drill 44d.

After the machining of the drill 44d, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is energized to raise the workpiece headstock 6 and raise the workpiece W.
30 retracts from the turret tool post 43, the turret tool post 43 rotates for indexing, and the boring tool 44e faces vertically upward. Here, the X-axis servo motor 5 and the Z-axis servo motor 8 are associatedly driven to machine the center hole of the workpiece W30 whose diameter has been expanded by the drill 44d into a desired shape with the boring tool 44e.

Then, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to move the workpiece W30 to a position where the turning of the turret tool rest 43 is not hindered. Then, the turret tool post 43 is indexed and rotated so that the grooving tool 44f faces right in FIG.

X-axis servo motor 5 and Z-axis servo motor 8
To make the outer periphery of the workpiece W30 and the grooving tool 44f face each other, and stop the Z-axis servo motor 8 to stop the vertical movement of the workpiece headstock 6 and urge the X-axis servo motor 5 to move the upper part. The saddle 2 is moved to the left in FIG.
A groove is formed on the outer periphery of the.

When the grooving of the workpiece W30 is completed, the X-axis servomotor 5 moves the upper saddle 2 to the right in FIG. 7, and when the grooving tool 44f moves away from the workpiece W30, the C-axis servomotor 12 is stopped. The Z-axis servomotor 8 moves upward to stop the workpiece spindle headstock 6 while stopping the rotation of the workpiece spindle 9, and the continuous rotation of the X-axis servomotor 5 causes the processed workpiece W30 'to move. Move diagonally to the right and then right. Workpiece W3 above the carry-out position B
When 0'is reached, the X-axis servomotor 5 is stopped and the Z-axis servomotor 8 is driven to lower the workpiece headstock 6 to move the workpiece W.
30 'is lowered to the carry-out position B, the Z-axis servomotor 8 is stopped to immobilize the workpiece W30', and the grasping pawl 36a of the hydraulic chuck 36 is opened to move the machined workpiece W30 onto the carry-out conveyor 28. , The Z-axis servomotor 8 is energized to raise and stop the workpiece headstock 6 and the X-axis servomotor 5 is driven to feed the upper saddle 2 to the left, which is fed by the carry-in conveyor 27 during machining. The unprocessed workpiece W30 at the standby position A is moved to be taken.

With the above configuration, the chuck work can be turned only by controlling the two axes (X axis and Z axis), and the workpiece can be carried in and out of the processing position without using a robot, an autoloader or the like. In this example, the C-axis servomotor 12 may be a motor that only continuously rotates.

[Fourth Embodiment] The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The drills 44c and 44d of the turret tool post 43 are rotationally driven, and the boring bit 44e is changed to a boring bit to be rotationally driven.

By doing so, the outer periphery of the workpiece W30 can be turned by the rough finishing tool 44a and the finishing tool 44b, and the drilling work can be performed in the center of the workpiece W30 as in the third embodiment. At that time, the work spindle 9 and the drills 44c, 4
By rotating 4d in opposite directions, a high rotation speed for drilling a small diameter can be easily obtained.

By indexing and rotating the workpiece W30 with the C-axis servomotor 12, axial holes can be bored at intervals in the circumferential direction of the end surface of the workpiece W30, and boring can be performed. Alternatively, the peripheral surface of the workpiece W30 can be drilled and drilled in the radial direction.

[0091]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the movable work headstock grasps the work piece at the work piece mounting position of the work piece headstock, conveys the work piece to the working position, and moves the work piece with the tool of the tool stand. After machining, the workpiece headstock conveys the processed workpiece to the workpiece removal position while grasping the processed workpiece, so a workpiece automatic attachment / detachment device such as a robot or an autoloader for delivering the workpiece to the metal machine tool. The work piece can be attached to and detached from the metal machine tool without using. Therefore, (1) there is no automatic work attachment / detachment device, the entire device is simple, and the overall cost of the device is low. (2) Since the area around the machining position of the machine is not blocked by the automatic workpiece attaching / detaching device, tooling is easy and observation of the machining state is easy. (3) When attaching / detaching the work piece, it is sufficient to consider only the attachment / detachment to / from the work piece spindle. No need to consider relationships. (4) Since it is not necessary to grasp the processed finished portion of the workpiece with the workpiece automatic attachment / detachment device, grasping the finished portion will not damage the workpiece. (5) The automatic workpiece attaching / detaching device is attached to the metal machine tool to adjust the position, and the adjustment for grasping the workpiece in the workpiece grasping part of the automatic workpiece attaching / detaching device, the workpiece loading position, the machining position, The setting of the automatic workpiece attaching / detaching device for enabling the workpieces to be located at the respective carry-out positions is unnecessary, and the installation of the machine is easy because only the metal machine tool is installed. (6) The workpiece loading side and unloading side can be approached to the machine body,
Reduces the total length of automated processing lines.

The second invention of the present invention is to provide a work spindle having a work spindle in the vertical direction on the front upper part of the column so that it can be moved vertically and horizontally, and below the work spindle stock, a tool stand. Since it has the same effect as the effect of the first invention of the present invention, and since the processing chips (shavings) do not fall onto the processing object, the processing position can be changed from the loading position of the processing object to the processing position. There is no influence of processing chips when the paper is transported from the to the unloading position.

A third aspect of the present invention is the second aspect of the present invention, in which the upper portion of the Komura projecting in the left-right direction, the space below the projecting portion becomes the transfer means installation space for loading and unloading the workpiece, For example, a carrying means such as a carry-in conveyor and a carry-out conveyor for carrying a work in and out of the metal machine tool can be brought close to the metal machine tool, and the total length of the automated line is shortened.

The fourth invention of the present invention is the machine tool according to the second or third invention of the present invention, wherein the tool rest is provided with a boring unit, a drill unit, and a workpiece support device. It is possible to carry in and out the piston automatically.

The fifth invention of the present invention is the machine tool according to the second or third invention, in which the tool rest is provided so that the turning tool rest can be moved vertically and horizontally below the front of the column. There is an effect that the turning tool can act in a wide range in combination with the movement of the work headstock and the movement of the turning tool rest.

Since the sixth invention of the present invention is provided with the tailstock in the fifth invention, the shaft can be machined.

The seventh invention of the present invention, in the second or third invention, is provided with a turret tool rest under the front surface of the column, so that the work headstock can be moved by biaxial control.
With a simple structure, it is possible to perform turning shape processing of a work piece, and also has a drill head that is driven to rotate on a part of the turret tool post.
Moreover, if it is possible to index the workpiece spindle,
Perforation work can be performed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the workpiece.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a rotation drive device for a work headstock according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a piston.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machine Stand 2 Upper Saddle 5 X-Axis Servo Motor 6 Work Spindle Base 8 Z-Axis Servo Motor 9 Work Spindle 12 C-Axis Servo Motor 13 Lower Saddle 15 X1 Axis Servo Motor 18 Y-Axis Servo Motor 19 Rough Boring Unit 21 Fine Boring Unit 22 Pusher 25 Vertical slide 26 Numerical control device 27 Carry-in conveyor 28 Carry-out conveyor 30 Z1 axis servo motor

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece headstock having a workpiece spindle rotatably supported and connected to a drive device is movably supported by a machine base by a guide means and a feed device, and is attached to the workpiece spindle. The machine base is equipped with a tool stand that carries the tool for machining, and the work headstock is located outside the tool mount range and the work stand is installed at the work mount position. A metal machine tool characterized by having a machining position within the range and a workpiece removal position outside the installation range of the tool base. 2. A column having a left-right direction guide on the upper front surface, and a workpiece mounting position, a removal position, and a tool action outside the locus of a tool table that engages the upper guide of the column and carries a tool. Saddle that moves the work headstock with the work to a position and has vertical guides on the front surface, the work headstock that engages with the vertical guide of the saddle, the saddle feed device, and the machining It has a work headstock feed device, a work piece grasping device mounted on a vertical work piece spindle provided on the work piece headstock, and a tool stand provided on the lower front of the column. A metal machine tool for carrying in and out a workpiece from a workpiece mounting position to a tool operating position and from the tool operating position to a workpiece removing position. 3. The column has an upper part protruding in the left-right direction, and by providing a guide in the left-right direction on the protruding part, an installation space for carrying-in and carrying-out workpieces is provided below the protruding part. The metal machine tool according to claim 2. 4. The tool rest has a boring unit, a drill unit, and a workpiece support device, and the boring unit is movably engaged with a left-right guide below the front surface of the column and is moved by a left-right feed device. A rough boring unit and a fine boring unit, which are movably engaged with a guide in the front-rear direction provided on a driven lower saddle and driven by a front-rear direction feed device, are arranged in parallel, and the drill unit is the boring unit. The workpiece support device is fixed to the column so as to face the column, and the workpiece support device includes a support tool for supporting the workpiece from below and a sleeve for urging the support tool upward, and a boring unit for the piston of the piston of the internal combustion engine. The metal machine tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a hole is machined and an oil hole can be machined with a drill unit. 5. The tool rest has a turning tool rest, and the turning tool rest is provided so as to be movable vertically and horizontally below the front surface of the column. The described metal machine tool. 6. The metal machine tool according to claim 5, wherein a tailstock is provided below the front surface of the column so as to face the work headstock. 7. A metal machine tool according to claim 2, wherein a turret tool post is provided below the front surface of the column.