JPH083314B2 - Top and bottom doors - Google Patents

Description

Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention mainly relates to a vertical opening / closing door capable of suitably opening and closing a front entrance of a garage facing a road.

[Prior art] Recently, as an opening / closing door for a garage, compared to a horizontally opening / closing door, it does not require a large opening / closing cost for the road surface and site surface, and the construction cost is relatively cheap. Doors have become widely used.

Conventionally, this type of vertical opening / closing door is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
-72877, the door body is connected and fixed to one end of an arm extending in the front-rear direction, and the other end side of this arm is attached to the support post so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. It was common.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the upper and lower doors configured as described above, when the door is opened and closed, the lower end of the door body moves while drawing an arc in the direction of jumping forward. If the door body is installed so that the door body is located at that time, the door body may leak to the road side, even though it is not as wide as the side-opening / closing door, which may cause trouble to passers-by. Also, in order to prevent the door from protruding into the road when opening and closing, it is necessary to provide an opening and closing allowance with the road, but it is often difficult to secure an excessively large garage space. In the housing situation, there is also a problem that the conventional upper and lower doors are restricted in their use.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to install such that the door body is located close to the roadside when the door is closed, and the opening and closing can be performed very smoothly. The purpose is to provide upper and lower doors.

Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to open and close the upper and lower opening doors more smoothly.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the upper and lower opening / closing doors according to the present invention have the other end side of the arm fixed to a rotation shaft rotatably supported by the arm mounting portion of the column. The biasing means is provided for the rotation shaft, one end of a link is integrally coupled to a sleeve rotatably fitted on the rotation shaft, and the other end of the link is substantially connected to the arm. One end of an auxiliary arm arranged in parallel is rotatably connected, and the other end of the auxiliary arm is rotatably connected to the door body,
Second urging means for urging the auxiliary arm toward the door body is connected to the sleeve, and stopper means for maintaining the door body in a predetermined state at least when the door is closed is provided.

Further, the vertical opening / closing door according to the present invention is provided with auxiliary arm guide means for guiding a predetermined position of the auxiliary arm from the closed state to the open state when the door is opened / closed, instead of the stopper means in the vertical opening / closing door. It has a feature.

[Operation] Since the upper and lower open / close doors of the first aspect of the invention have the arm and the auxiliary arm rotatably connected to the door body, by the self-weight moment of the door body increasing as the arm moves in the opening direction, or In addition, the user pushes the door body against the urging force of the second urging means, whereby the door body can be rotated with respect to the arm to be opened and closed. Further, the door body is biased in the opening direction by the biasing force applied to the rotating shaft, and the auxiliary arm is biased toward the door body by the second biasing force applied to the sleeve. As the door is opened, a large moment is gradually applied in the opening direction, and the door is opened smoothly. Further, the door body is supported by two arms that are always parallel to each other in a stable state even during opening and closing.

With the vertical opening / closing door of the second aspect of the invention, the amount of rotation of the door body with respect to the arm can be further restricted to a predetermined amount.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on illustrated examples.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of a vertical opening / closing door according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a door body provided to open and close a garage entrance, etc., and the upper ends of both sides of the door body 1 are provided with freely rotatable front and rear ends of arms 2 and 2. Are linked to. Also, these arms 2,2
Auxiliary arms 3 and 3 which are parallel to the arms 2 and 2 are respectively disposed below, and one ends of these auxiliary arms 3 and 3 are also rotatably connected to the upper portion of the door 1.

The rear ends of the arms 2 and 2 are attached to the stanchions 4 and 4 standing on the floor of the garage so as to be rotatable about the horizontal axis. That is, forked portions 2a, 2a are formed at the rear end portions of the arms 2, 2, and the forked portions 2a, 2a are
To the arm attachments 5,5 attached to the upper front side of the columns 4,4,
It is rotatably connected via rotary shafts 6, 6 (one rotary shaft 6 is not shown) which penetrate these. In the case of this embodiment, the rotary shafts 6,6 are rotatably supported by the arms and the mounting bodies 5,5 and fixed to the forked portions 2a, 2a of the arms 2,2. . With the above configuration,
The door 1 rotates about the rotary shafts 6, 6 to open and close the garage entrance and the like as described above.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, inside the arm mounts 5, 5, there are respectively a first spiral spring 7, a sleeve 8, and
The second spiral springs 10, 10, the closing operation brake mechanism 11, etc. are internally provided.

The first spiral spring 7 is provided as a first urging means for urging the door body 1 in the opening direction via the rotary shaft 6,
As shown in FIG. 4, one end side is locked in the engaging groove 6a formed in the rotary shaft 6, and the other end side is fixed to the inner wall of the arm mounting body 5.

The sleeve 8 is rotatably fitted on a portion of the rotary shaft 6 near one end thereof. In the case of this embodiment, a small diameter is provided from one end of the rotary shaft 6 to the central portion, and a sleeve 8 having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the large diameter portion of the rotary shaft 6 is fitted on the thin diameter portion. Most of the sleeve 8 is arranged in the arm mounting body 5, but one end of the sleeve 8 is located in the arm mounting body 5.
It is provided so as to protrude from. The protruding portion 8a of the sleeve 8 from the arm mounting body 5 is, as shown in FIG.
It is formed in a polygonal column shape by cutting out the four sides of the outer peripheral surface,
A connecting hole 9a formed at one end of the link 9 is fitted into the projecting portion 8a having a polygonal column shape. As a result, the sleeve 8 and the link 9 are integrally connected. The other end of the link 9 is rotatably connected to one of the bifurcated rear end portions 3a of the auxiliary arms 3 described above. A link 9'which is rotatable with respect to the rotary shaft 6 and has the same effective length as the link 9 is connected to the end of the rotary shaft 6 on which the sleeve 8 is not fitted. This link 9 '
The other end of the bifurcated rear end 3a of the auxiliary arm 3 is rotatably connected to the other end of the. The auxiliary arms 3 and 3 are the door body 1.
When the is closed, that is, when it is in a horizontal state, the links 9 and 9'have a length that stands upright.

The second spiral spring 10 is provided as a second urging means for urging the auxiliary arm 3 toward the door body 1 side through the sleeve 8 and the link 9, and as shown in FIG. The other end side is fixed to the inner wall of the arm mounting body 5 while being locked to the engaging portion 8b formed in the sleeve 8.

The closing operation brake mechanism 11 includes a fixed disk 12, a pressing disk 13, a brake pad 14, and a ratchet wheel 1.
6, disc spring 17, bearing nut 18, ratchet member 19
Etc. are the main components.

The fixed disc 12 is formed by integrally molding a disc portion 122 on one end of a sleeve portion 121, and the sleeve 121 is formed by the rotation shaft 6
By externally fitting and fixing to the
It is immovable in the axial direction and rotates together with the rotary shaft 6.

A center hole of the pressing disk 13 is fitted into the sleeve portion 121 of the fixed disk 12, and is supported so as to be movable only in the axial direction in this state. The pressing disk 13 has an outer diameter of the disk portion 12 of the fixed disk 12.
The outer diameter of 2 is substantially the same.

The brake pad 14 is attached to the surface of the disc portion 122 facing the pressing disc 13.

The ratchet wheel 16 is externally fitted to the sleeve portion 121 of the fixed disc 12 at the portion where the disc portion 122 and the pressing disc 13 face each other.

The disc spring 17 is externally fitted to the sleeve portion 121 from the outside of the pressing disc 13, and is pressed by being pressed by the bearing nut 18 screwed to the male screw 121a screwed on the sleeve portion 121. Is pressed against the disk 13. Then, by being biased by the disc spring 17,
The pressing disk 13 is the disk portion 12 of the fixed disk 12.
The brake pad 14 and the ratchet wheel 16 are held between the two. Therefore, the bearing nut 18
The braking force on the ratchet wheel 16 is adjusted by adjusting the fastening force of the.

The ratchet member 19 is attached via a pin 22 to a bifurcated ratchet base 21 attached to the inner wall of the arm mounting body 5. Further, a spiral portion of a torsion bar 23 is externally fitted to the pin 22, and the torsion spring 23 has one end engaged with the ratchet base 21 and the other end engaged with the ratchet member 19, thereby providing a ratchet member. Claw 19a formed on the tip of 19
Are elastically contacted with the teeth 16a on the periphery of the ratchet wheel 16.

When the ratchet wheel 16 tries to rotate in the direction in which the ratchet wheel 16 closes the door body 1 (the arrow X direction in FIG. 3) together with the rotation shaft 6, the pawl 19a of the ratchet member 19 has teeth 16a of the ratchet wheel 16. Engages the raised surface of the ratchet wheel 16 to prevent rotation of the ratchet wheel 16. Further, when the ratchet wheel 16 rotates together with the rotating shaft 6 in the direction in which the door 1 is opened (the arrow Y direction in FIG. 3), the ratchet member 19 swings against the biasing force of the torsion spring 23. Therefore, the claw 19a gets over the gentle surface of the tooth 16a,
The rotation of the ratchet wheel 16 is not blocked.

Mounting pieces 24a, 24a of the guide members 24, 24 having an L-shaped cross section are sandwiched between the arm mounting bodies 5, 5 and the columns 4, 4, respectively. The guide piece portions 24b, 24b of the guide members 24, 24 are, as shown in FIG. 6, the outer side wall of the arm mounting body 5 and the link 9 of the auxiliary arm 3, respectively.
Opposite to the vicinity of the connecting portion with. These guide pieces 24b,
An auxiliary arm guide hole 25 extending in the vertical direction is bored in 24b, and a guide bolt 26 having a tip coupled to the auxiliary arm 3 is inserted into the auxiliary arm guide hole 25. The auxiliary arm guide hole 25 is provided at a position where the shortest distance x from the center of the rotating shaft 6 is approximately equal to the effective length 1 on the link 9, and the lower end is a position where the guide bolt 26 is inserted in the door closed state. With the department
The upper end portion is formed at a position where the guide bolt 26 is inserted in the opened state of the door.

When the upper and lower open / close doors constructed as described above are rotated in the opening direction from the closed position shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 to the open direction as shown by the chain double-dashed line, the guide bolt 26 causes the auxiliary arm guide hole 25 to move.
Since it moves upwards along with, the predetermined position of the auxiliary arm 3 to which the guide bolt 26 is fixed moves vertically with the movement in the front-back direction being restricted. Therefore,
The auxiliary arm 3 raises its tip while changing the angle α (see FIG. 7) with the link 9. The angle α is
With the opening of the door, it gradually becomes smaller at first and then becomes larger again from the middle. As in this embodiment, the effective length of the link 9 is 1
When the shortest distance x between the auxiliary arm guide hole 25 and the rotary shaft 6 is substantially the same, the angle α is initially 90 ° to 60 °.
And then returns to 90 ° again as the auxiliary arm 3 stands upright. On the other hand, when the door is opened / closed, the door body 1 is always kept in parallel with the link 9, so that the angle β (see FIG. 7) between the arm 2 and the door body 1 changes just like the angle α. That is, the door 1 initially rotates while decreasing the angle β during opening, and when the angle β reaches 60 ° during the opening, this time increases the angle β and rotates to the opening position. Therefore, when the door is opened and closed, the door body 1
Is to be rotated while the lower end of the auxiliary arm 3 is pulled rearward (direction of arrow R in FIG. 7),
The amount of protrusion to the front side is suppressed to an extremely small amount.

Obviously, the above operation is reproduced in the same manner even when the door is closed.

Incidentally, the auxiliary arm guide hole 25 of the above-mentioned embodiment stands upright from the lower end portion to the upper end portion in a straight line, but instead of this, for example, as shown in FIG. An auxiliary arm guide having an intermediate portion formed with a bent portion 251 'for moving the guide bolt 26 slightly forward when it is opened, and a rearward bent positioning portion 252' for inserting the guide bolt 26 in the upper end portion. The holes 25 'may be provided. By doing so, the opening and closing of the door becomes smoother and the door is held in a stable state even in the open position.
Further, the auxiliary arm guide hole may be one that goes from the lower end to the upper end while inclining backward, and by doing so, it is possible to completely eliminate the protrusion of the door body 1 toward the front. In short, the auxiliary arm guide hole may be one that can guide the predetermined position of the auxiliary arm 3 in the vertical direction.

On the other hand, in addition to the urging force of the first spiral spring 7, the door body 1 is rotated in the opening direction by the component force of the pushing force of the auxiliary arm 3 with the second spiral spring 10 as the urging source. Due to this turning power, the opening work is performed extremely smoothly. Further, when the door is opened, the ratchet wheel 16 rotates together with the rotation shaft 6 without being blocked by the ratchet member 19 from rotating. Therefore, the rotational force in the opening direction using the first spiral spring 7 and the second spiral spring 10 as the urging source is
When the hand is released from the door body 1 above the balance point, which is larger than the descending force of the door body 1 due to its own weight, the door body 1 is rotated to the open position by the turning force.

Next, when the door body 1 in the open position is rotated to the closed position, the ratchet wheel 16 is prevented from rotating by the ratchet member 19, so that the brake is applied between the ratchet wheel 16 and the fixed disc 12. A braking force is generated by friction with the pad 14. Therefore, the fixed disk 12
On the other hand, the rotation of the rotating shaft 6 that is integrated in the rotation direction, that is, the rotation of the door body 1 is braked, and the downward force due to the own weight of the door body 1 urges the first spiral spring 7 and the second spiral spring 10. Even if the hand is released at a time when the turning force in the opening direction as the source is far exceeded, the door body 1 does not drop suddenly. Particularly, if the fastening force of the bearing nut 18 is adjusted so that the braking force is always greater than the combined force of the downward force due to the own weight of the door body 1 and the turning force in the opening direction due to the biasing source. The door 1 can be stopped with the hand released.

In addition, in the above-mentioned upper and lower doors, the auxiliary arm guide means,
Although the guide member 24 and the guide bolt 26 are used, any design change can be made as long as the predetermined position of the auxiliary arm 3 can be guided in the vertical direction.

By the way, like the above-mentioned upper and lower doors shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, by the auxiliary arm guide means composed of the guide member 24 and the guide bolt 26, the auxiliary arm 3,
If 3 is guided in the vertical direction, the user is not affected by the pushing force of the second spiral spring 10 as the urging source when opening and closing the door, and simply applies the force to move the door body 1 up and down. The opening and closing work can be performed very smoothly. However, even if the auxiliary arm guide means as described above is not provided, if the other configurations are the same, the door body 1 gradually increases the angle β with the arm 2 due to its own moment of weight that increases as it moves in the opening direction. As it gets smaller, it doesn't project much forward. In addition, if the user pushes the lower end side of the door body 1 backward while rotating it against the pushing force of the second spiral spring 10 as the urging source, the door body 1 is completely moved forward. You can open and close the door without popping out. However, in this case, in order to maintain the door body 1 in the closed state in a predetermined upright state against the biasing force of the second spiral spring 10, for example, 9A
As shown in the figure, a positioning recess 30 is provided on the installation surface E side.
It is necessary to configure a stopper means including a drop rod 31 provided on the door body 1 side and fitted into the positioning recess 30. The drop rod 31 can be pulled upward as shown in FIG. 9b when the door is opened and closed.

In any of the above-mentioned upper and lower doors, instead of the arm attachments 5,5, the columns 4,4 themselves can be provided with arm attachment portions. Further, the urging means for urging the door body in the opening direction and the second urging means for urging the auxiliary arm toward the door body can be replaced with other means such as a tension spring or a gas spring.

[Advantages of the Invention] According to the upper and lower doors of claim 1, it is possible to suppress or eliminate the protrusion of the door body forward from the installation portion when the door is opened and closed, so that the area required for opening and closing can be reduced. , You can use the land effectively. In addition, the rotation shaft connected to the arm is urged in the opening direction, and the auxiliary arm is urged toward the door body, so that the opening can be performed extremely smoothly.
Further, since the sleeve is fitted onto the arm rotating shaft that has been conventionally provided and the biasing means for the auxiliary arm is connected to this sleeve, it can be easily applied to the existing upper and lower open doors. You can

According to the vertical opening / closing door of the second aspect, since the predetermined position of the auxiliary arm is guided in the vertical direction, the user can open / close the door more smoothly without being influenced by the urging force of the second urging means. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the upper and lower doors, FIG. 2 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view of the same main portion, FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the same main portion with a part cut away, and FIG. 4 is a rotary shaft. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of the first spiral spring for urging the spring, FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a biasing mechanism for the auxiliary arm, FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view showing an auxiliary arm guide hole, and FIG. 8 is a schematic side view for explaining the operation of the door body, FIG. 8 is an enlarged explanatory view showing another auxiliary arm guide hole, and FIGS. 9A and 9B are side views of the main part for explaining the stopper means. 1 …… door body, 2,2 …… arm 3,3 …… auxiliary arm, 4,4 …… post 5,5 …… arm mounting body, 6 …… rotating shaft 7 …… first spiral spring (biasing 8) Sleeve, 9 ... Link 10 ... Second spiral spring (second biasing means) 25 ... Auxiliary arm guide hole (auxiliary arm guide means) 26 ... Guide bolt (auxiliary arm guide means) 30: Positioning recess (stopper means) 31: Drop bar (stopper means)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An end of an arm is connected to a door body, and the other end side of the arm is rotatably attached to a support, and a biasing means for biasing the door body in an opening direction is provided. In the upper and lower doors, the other end of the arm is fixed to a rotary shaft that is rotatably supported by an arm mounting portion of the column, and the biasing means is provided with respect to the rotary shaft. One end of a link is integrally coupled to a sleeve rotatably fitted to the outside of the link, and one end of an auxiliary arm arranged substantially parallel to the arm is rotatably connected to the other end of the link. The other end of the auxiliary arm is rotatably connected to the door body,
A second urging means for urging the auxiliary arm toward the door body is connected to the sleeve, and stopper means for maintaining the door body in a predetermined state at least when the door is closed is provided. door. 2. An end of an arm is connected to the door body, the other end side of the arm is rotatably attached to a support, and a biasing means for biasing the door body in the opening direction is provided. In the upper and lower doors, the other end of the arm is fixed to a rotary shaft that is rotatably supported by an arm mounting portion of the column, and the biasing means is provided with respect to the rotary shaft. One end of a link is integrally coupled to a sleeve rotatably fitted to the outside of the link, and one end of an auxiliary arm arranged substantially parallel to the arm is rotatably connected to the other end of the link. The other end of the auxiliary arm is rotatably connected to the door body,
A second urging means for urging the auxiliary arm toward the door body is connected to the sleeve, and an auxiliary arm guide means for guiding a predetermined position of the auxiliary arm from a closed state to an opened state is provided when the door is opened and closed. Upper and lower doors that are characterized by