JPH0832051B2 - Color solid-state imaging device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solid-state imaging device for color imaging using a solid-state imaging device.

(Prior Art and Problems Thereof) An interline transfer CCD image pickup device (hereinafter abbreviated as IL-CCD image pickup device), which is one type of solid-state image pickup device, has a horizontal direction as shown in a schematic plan view in FIG. And a vertical CCD register 2 that transfers the signal charges photoelectrically converted by the pixel 1 and accumulated in the vertical direction in the vertical direction.
And a horizontal CCD register 3 for transferring in the horizontal direction and an output unit 4. The arrow in the figure indicates the transfer direction of the signal charge.

The IL-CCD image pickup device can perform two types of read operations, that is, a frame accumulation operation for reading out the signal charges accumulated in the picture element in a frame cycle and a field accumulation operation for reading out in a field cycle. The field accumulation operation is half the accumulation time compared to the frame accumulation operation, and the afterimage feeling is small. For this reason, development of a single-plate color image pickup device for field accumulation operation is in progress. Both the conventional color image pickup device described below and the color image pickup device according to the present invention perform field accumulation operation. FIG. 2 schematically shows the field accumulation operation. Here, l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ ,
Name it as ……, l ₈ , ……. In the odd field, the signal charge is first transferred to the vertical CCD register 2 from the picture elements corresponding to l ₂ , l ₄ , l ₆ , l ₈ , ..., and then one picture element portion is transferred by the vertical CCD register 2 transfer operation. The signal charge is transferred, and further the signal charge is transferred to the vertical CCD register 2 from the picture elements corresponding to l ₁ , l ₃ , l ₅ , l ₇ , .... This result l ₂ , l ₄ , l
_6, l _8, each picture element of the signal charges corresponding to ...... l _1, l
The signal charges of the picture elements corresponding to ₃ , l ₅ , l ₇ , ... Are added in the vertical CCD register 2. L ₁ + l ₂ , l ₃ + added together
_{l 4, l 5 + l 6} , l 7 + l 8, a respective signal for one horizontal line signal charges .... Vertical CC in even fields
Change the combination of picture elements in the horizontal picture element sequence to be added in D register 2 to l ₂ + l ₃ , l ₄ + l ₅ , l ₆ + l ₇ , .... In this way, the interlacing operation is performed by changing the combination of two horizontally adjacent picture element columns in the vertical direction for each field.

To perform color imaging using the IL-CCD image sensor described above, a color separation image of the subject is formed by a color filter,
The color-separated image is picked up by the IL-CCD image pickup device and the output signal of the IL-CCD image pickup device is subjected to signal processing to obtain a color signal and a luminance signal.

As a method of realizing a single-plate color image pickup device by such field storage operation, in the technical report TEBS87-3 and TEBS87-6 of the Institute of Television Engineers of Japan in March 1983, a color filter as shown in FIG. Color arrangements have been proposed. In the figure, Ye, Cy, Mg, and G represent yellow, cyan, magenta, and green color filters, respectively. The yellow color filter transmits red and green light, the cyan color filter transmits blue and green light, and the magenta transmits red and blue light. The signal of each horizontal line in the field accumulation operation described above in such a color filter array is l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ , ... L ₈ from the columns arranged in order in the horizontal pixel array as shown in FIG. , …………, it is composed of signal charges of l ₁ ＋ l ₂ and l ₃ ＋ l _{4 in} the odd field, and l ₂ ＋ l ₃ , l ₄ ＋ l _{5 in} the even field, and the signal of each horizontal line is FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) schematically show the primary colors separated. In addition, B,
G and R represent a blue signal, a green signal and a red signal, respectively, and the ratio was set to 1: 1: 1. As shown in the figure, the signal of each horizontal line is Modulation component of color difference signal with horizontal 2 picture elements as a cycle to G + B luminance signal component Are alternately superposed on each horizontal line. However, w is an angular frequency corresponding to the cycle of two picture elements. Ie l ₁ +
The output signal of the _{l 2 S {l 1 + l} 2} and l ₃ + output signal l ₄ S {l ₃ +
l ₄ } is shown by the following equation.

S {l ₁ + l ₂ } = (B + 2G + R-Bcoswt + Rcoswt) / 2 + (B
+ G + R + Bcoswt + Rcoswt -Gcoswt) / 2- (1) S {l 3 + l 4} = (B + 2G + R-Bcoswt + Rcoswt) / 2 + (B
+ G + R-Bcoswt-Rcoswt + Gcoswt) / 2- (2) Equations (1) and (2) are summarized as follows.

Of equations (3) and (4) As the luminance signal and the modulation component Is used as two color difference signals which are orthogonal to each other as shown in FIG. 5, an NTSC color television signal is formed. Also in the case of an even field, S {l ₂ + l ₃ } is S {l ₁
+ L ₂ } and S {l ₄ + l ₅ } are the same as S {l ₃ + l ₄ }, and a signal is formed similarly to the odd field. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a single-plate type color imaging device. The output signal of the IL-CCD image pickup device 6 provided with the color filter 5 obtained as described above obtains the luminance signal Y via the low-pass filter 7 in order to remove the modulation component, and also the two horizontal picture signals are provided. The bandpass filter 11 whose center frequency is the frequency corresponding to the prime repetition period is used to separate the modulation components and the detector 12 detects them. To obtain the color difference signal of. For these color difference signals, a narrow band luminance signal obtained through a narrow band low-pass filter 9 and a gain switching circuit 10 is used, and the white balance circuit 13 corrects the luminance components of the same horizontal line as each color difference signal and the 1H delay line is used.
The 14 and 1H switching circuits 15 successively convert the color difference signals simultaneously, and the balanced modulation circuit 16 performs two-phase quadrature modulation, and then the mixing circuit 8 mixes them with the luminance signal Y to obtain an NTSC color television signal. By the way, the color camera system in which the color difference signal is formed by each single horizontal line is characterized in that essentially no vertical color error occurs. However, in the color filter array shown in FIG. 3, a very large vertical color error occurs when a subject having a vertical repetition frequency such that white and black repeat in the vertical direction-pixels is imaged. This is because the signal of each horizontal line is obtained by adding signal charges obtained by spatially independently sampling two adjacent vertical picture elements, and each horizontal line is composed of signals of one horizontal picture element row. Not by.

That is, when the signal of each horizontal line is composed of each single horizontal picture element sequence as in the case of frame accumulation, the sampling point for the signal of each horizontal line is a single picture element, and what repetition frequency is in the vertical direction? Even if the subject of (3) is incident, the signal configuration of each horizontal line does not change at all. Therefore, even if the color difference signal generated at the time of achromatic light is compensated by the luminance signal of each horizontal line in the white balance correction circuit, the compensation does not change depending on the pattern of the subject and no vertical color error occurs. . On the other hand, in the field accumulating operation by the color filter array shown in FIG. 3, since the signal of each horizontal line is obtained as a result of adding the signal charges of two horizontal picture element columns that are vertically adjacent, In the case where one of the two horizontal picture element arrays is black, the color difference signal and the luminance signal obtained from each horizontal line are signals composed of one single horizontal picture element array into which light is incident, Not only the color difference signal itself causes a large error, but also the white balance correction for correcting the color difference signal generated at the time of achromatic light with the luminance signal causes a large error and an unacceptable vertical color error occurs. in this way,
In the conventional method of obtaining a color difference signal from each horizontal line by the field accumulation operation, there is a sharp vertical ring portion without vertical correlation between two adjacent horizontal picture element columns or a luminance difference for each picture element in the vertical direction. Large vertical color errors were unavoidable with certain repeating patterns.

Such vertical color error occurs regardless of the chromatic or achromatic subject, but the hue change of one horizontal line on the chromatic color screen is almost unnoticeable to the naked eye, whereas it is an originally uncolored screen. The coloring against was a visually unacceptable drawback. Further, as another drawback, in the color filter shown in FIG. 3, for example, a G color filter that transmits only green light when capturing an achromatic subject and most of green light is blocked.
The signal amount of the picture element corresponding to the Mg color filter is the Cy color filter,
Since it is usually about 30% less than the picture element corresponding to the Ye color filter, the same subject passes through the picture element corresponding to the GMg color filter and the picture element corresponding to the Cy and ye color filters during zooming or panning during imaging. There is a drawback in that the generation of a false signal called a so-called luminance false signal, in which the luminance signal level greatly changes with each occurrence, cannot be avoided.

(Purpose of the present invention) The present invention significantly reduces the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, at least no vertical color error occurs in a sharp vertical wheel portion of an achromatic color screen, and further, a luminance pseudo signal is generated in achromatic color object imaging. An object of the present invention is to provide a color solid-state image pickup device in which the occurrence of the above is completely prevented.

(Structure of the Invention) According to the present invention, at least a solid-state image sensor and a plurality of color filters corresponding to each pixel of the solid-state image sensor and arranged in horizontal and vertical directions are provided. In the color solid-state imaging device driven by the field accumulation interlacing operation by addition, the 4n + 1th column (n
= 0,1,2, ...) The horizontal picture element row has two color filters alternately arranged, and the horizontal picture element row of the 4n + second row is 4n +
Two color filters different from the first horizontal picture element row are arranged alternately, and the 4n + third horizontal picture element row is 4n +
Filters of the same color as the first row of horizontal picture elements are arranged,
The 4n + 4th horizontal picture element row is arranged with the same color filters as the 4n + 2nd row, and the first combination of the 4n + 1th horizontal picture element row and the 4n + 3th horizontal picture element row, or In any one combination of the 4n + 2nd horizontal picture element row and the second combination of the 4n + 4th horizontal picture element row, the phases of the respective horizontal picture element rows are arranged so as to differ by 180 °, Further, each color filter determines the difference between the horizontal picture element sequence signals of the two color filters in the 4n + 1th column and the 4n + 3th column as a first difference when capturing a 100% luminance level achromatic uniform subject with a predetermined reference illumination color temperature. Difference signal, the 2 in the 4n + 2th column and the 4n + 4th column
The difference between the horizontal pixel sequence signals of the two color filters is the second difference signal,
A signal formed by adding the difference signals obtained from the 4n + 1th column and the 4n + 2th horizontal picture element columns is a first added color difference signal, and the signal is formed from the 4n + 3th column and the 4n + 4th column horizontal picture element columns. When a signal formed by adding the obtained difference signals is used as a second added color difference signal, a composite including a carrier color signal formed by a color signal parallel modulator based on the first and second added color difference signals The carrier color signal amplitude due to each residual color signal component of the first and second difference signals in the color signal is 25% or less of the maximum carrier color signal amplitude, and the first and second difference signals Obtained from each picture element corresponding to four color filters that have 90% or more of the signal amount of horizontally adjacent pixels corresponding to two different color filters of each horizontal picture element row forming a signal and are vertically adjacent to each other. The picture corresponding to the color filter with the highest signal quantity Color solid-state imaging device can be obtained to have a spectral transmittance characteristic as the signal amount of 90% or more, characterized by comprising.

(Summary of the Invention) The present invention has solved the drawbacks of the prior art by adopting the above configuration. In the present invention, the added color difference signal in each horizontal line obtained by adding the signal charges of the two vertical picture elements becomes zero at the time of capturing an achromatic object at the reference illumination color temperature, and at the same time,
The color filter array is a perfect difference signal format for each horizontal picture element row in which the color signal modulation component in each horizontal picture element row is also zero, and the luminance signal level in each horizontal picture element row is perfect during achromatic light. The color filter array that is equal to, that is, by providing each color filter with a spectral characteristic such that a completely equal signal is obtained from each picture element corresponding to each color filter in achromatic light, an achromatic color in which vertical color error is a problem In addition to preventing the generation of color signal modulation components in each horizontal pixel array when light is emitted, it also prevents the generation of luminance false signals by obtaining a signal that is exactly the same as that of a monochrome image sensor without a color filter as a luminance signal component. Is.

Example 1 An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 7 is a schematic partial plan view showing the mutual relationship between the color array of the color filters and the picture elements in the solid-state imaging device of one embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of picture elements 1 are regularly arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. A color filter is formed on each picture element 1. L ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ … in sequence from the horizontal picture element sequence
Name it…, l ₈ ,…. The first and third horizontal picture element sequences l ₁ , l ₃ and l ₅ , l ₇ are Mg ′, G ′ color filters having one transmission element as shown in FIG. It is formed for each. l ₁ of Mg ', G' C ₁ is a first difference signal component modulated in as shown in Figure No. 9 (a) R, B is positive, C ₁ G is negative
= R + B−G difference signal. (R, G, B simply indicate color components.) The spectral transmission characteristics of the Mg ', G' color filters are such that C ₁ becomes zero when white imaged at a reference illumination color temperature of 3200 ° K is imaged. In addition, it is necessary to design in consideration of the spectral characteristics of all elements of the optical system such as the image pickup lens and the infrared cut filter image pickup element. In this embodiment, the G'color filter is a combination of Cy 'and Ye' which will be described later. It is obtained as a characteristic, and the white balance is designed to match the transmittance of the G component of the Mg 'color filter. FIG. 9 (a) shows the response characteristics with respect to the wavelength of the C ₁ difference signal when the white image of the 3200 ° K illumination is picked up,
This integrated value is zero, indicating that the first difference signal C ₁ is zero for achromatic light of 3200 ° K illumination. Also, the first horizontal picture element sequence l ₁ , l ₅ and the third horizontal picture element sequence l ₃ ,
_7th so that the phase of the first difference signal C ₁ differs from l ₇ by 180 °.
As shown in the figure, the color filter array is changed by 180 °.

On the other hand, the second and fourth horizontal picture element sequences l ₂ , l ₄ and
l ₆ and l ₈ are C having transmission characteristics as shown in FIG. 8 (b).
Color filters of y ′ and Ye ′ are formed for each picture element. C ₂ which is the second difference signal component modulated by Cy ′ and Ye ′ is the signal component B excluding the component commonly contained in Cy ′ and Ye ′ as shown in FIG. 9 (b). The difference signal of R is C ₂ = B−
It becomes R. (B and R simply indicate color components.) The spectral transmission characteristics of the Cy 'and Ye' color filters are the same as Mg 'and G'so that C ₂ is zero for white of 3200 ° K illumination. And M
It is designed so that the luminance signals of the g ', G'picture element strings and the luminance signals of the Cy', Ye 'picture element strings are equal. Assuming that the standard color temperature of the illumination is 3200 ° K as in this embodiment, the signal ratio between B and R of the B-R difference signal is B relative to B unless the red component 600-700 mm is extremely reduced by the infrared cut filter. R
Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the transmittance of the Cy ′ filter at 600 to 700 nm is equal to that of normal Cy.
The spectral characteristic of the Cy 'filter is selected so that the modulation component of R is reduced by making it higher than that of the filter and C ₂ becomes zero for white of 3200 ° K illumination. When the G'filter of the Mg ', G'picture element sequence is obtained as the superposition characteristic of Cy', Ye ', the luminance signal of the Cy', Ye 'picture element sequence is Mg', G '.
Since it is 20 to 30% higher than that of the picture element sequence, it is included in both Cy 'and Ye' in common in this embodiment as shown in FIG. 8 (b), and does not affect the R and B modulation components. G component is Cy ′, Y
Attenuating by the same amount at e ′, the luminances of the Mg ′, G ′ picture element sequence and the Cy ′, Ye ′ picture element sequence are matched. The transmission characteristics of such a Cy ', Ye' filter can be easily realized by stacking a thin magenta (Mg) color filter, which is a color filter having a reduced transmittance of the G component, only on the Cy ', Ye' pixel array. You can do it.

When the field accumulation operation is performed by the color image pickup device having such a color filter array, as described above, for example, in an odd field, two adjacent horizontal picture element columns such as l ₁ + l ₂ , l ₃ + l ₄ ... Add. Then, a signal of one horizontal line is obtained, and the color signal component of l ₁ + l ₂ is the first and second difference signal C ₁
C ₂ is added to form the first added color difference signal D ₁ , and l ₃ + l ₄ is
The difference signal C ₁ of the first difference signal C ₁ and 180 degrees phase difference l ₃ of l ₁
And the differential signal C ₂ second of l ₄ is obtained as a second added color difference signal added. That is, from each horizontal line, D ₁ = C ₁ + C ₂ = (R + B−G) + (B−R) (5) D ₂ = −C ₁ + C ₂ = (G−R−B) + (B− R) (6) The added color difference signals are obtained line-sequentially. Equation (5),
R, G, and B in (6) show only the color components of the signal to simplify the explanation.

By the way, since the added color difference signals of D ₁ and D ₂ are zero when the first and second difference signals C ₁ and C ₂ to be added are achromatic color light, the added result is also zero. The added color difference signals D ₁ and D ₂ of each horizontal line are zero when achromatic light is used.

Thus, if the added color difference signal of each horizontal line is zero when the achromatic color light is present and the difference signal of each horizontal picture element sequence is also zero, an achromatic subject having no correlation in two adjacent vertical picture element sequences is There is no error in the added color difference signal of each horizontal line,
Further, since the white balance correction is also zero, a white balance correction error does not occur, and it is possible to prevent a vertical color error on an achromatic screen which is the most visually impaired.

When these difference signals of C ₁ and C ₂ and the added color difference signals of D ₁ and D ₂ are shown schematically in a vector diagram, it becomes as shown in FIG. 10, and D ₁ is almost BY and D ₂ is almost An added color difference signal almost equivalent to the color difference signal RY is obtained.

Although the color signal has been described above, the luminance signal will be described next. As described above, the color filter of the present embodiment is used for the achromatic color subject of 3200 ° K illumination with Mg ′, G ′.
The luminance signal obtained as the average value of the two color filters in the pixel array and the Cy ′, Ye ′ pixel array is the same, and the color signal modulation component is also zero. That is, the same signal amount is obtained from the picture elements corresponding to the respective color filters for the achromatic uniform subject, which is equivalent to the absence of any color filter for the achromatic subject. As a result, a signal equivalent to that obtained with a monochrome image pickup device can be obtained. For this reason, the luminance signal level changes greatly every time the same subject passes through the picture elements of different color filters during zooming or panning during image pickup, which is inevitable in the conventional color image pickup apparatus. It is possible to completely prevent the generation of the false luminance signal. Such an effect is sufficiently exerted even for a normal chromatic color subject having low saturation on average, and high quality color imaging is performed. Furthermore, in this embodiment, C
Since the y'color filter transmits about 50% of the red light component, an object with a lot of red components, especially the luminance signal in the case of high coloring, is not Since it is obtained from the element, it can be obtained as a high-quality signal with very few luminance false signals. That is, it is possible to obtain a luminance signal with few false signals even during color imaging.

The case of the odd field has been described above, but also in the case of the even field, the first added color difference signal D ₁ can be obtained from l ₂ + l ₃ and the second added color difference signal D ₂ can be obtained from l ₄ + l _{5 in} exactly the same manner. The vertical color false signal and the luminance false signal can be prevented in the same manner.

The output signal from the solid-state image pickup element of the color solid-state image pickup device according to the embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the single-plate type color image pickup device whose schematic configuration diagram is shown in FIG.
NTSC color television signals can be obtained. By the way, as is clear from the above description, the effect of the present invention is only for the achromatic color of the reference illumination color temperature of the color camera,
For white of other illumination color temperatures, the difference signal does not have white balance, and thus a vertical color error occurs.However, even in the conventional method, the vertical color error does not increase or decrease with respect to the illumination color temperature at all. Similarly, in the present invention, the occurrence of vertical color error is suppressed sufficiently low for at least the illumination color temperature around the reference illumination color temperature. Therefore, according to the combination of the color temperature conversion filters, for the illumination of almost any color temperature. Vertical color error can be prevented.

By the way, in the above description, when an achromatic uniform subject is imaged at a predetermined reference illumination color temperature, an ideal case has been described in which the signal amounts obtained from the respective picture elements corresponding to the respective color filters are completely the same. In reality, it does not always become an ideal zero due to slight variations in the spectral characteristics of each image sensor and manufacturing errors of each color filter. In this case, a color signal error, a white balance correction error, and a luminance signal error occur as in the conventional case. However, from an actual visual examination, when a uniform subject is imaged with an achromatic color of 100% luminance level by reference color temperature illumination. From the result of evaluation of the carrier color signal amplitude and vertical color error due to each residual color signal, for example, as shown on pages 209 to 211 of Broadcasting Technology Co. 100% luminance color bar Cy (cyan) or R
If the amplitude of the maximum carrier color signal given by the (red) signal is 15% or less, vertical color error is hardly noticeable, and 25%
It has been found that the following is sufficiently acceptable for practical use.

Furthermore, the difference in signal amount between two adjacent pixels in each horizontal pixel array is 10
Even if the error is added up in the vertically adjacent two horizontal picture element rows at less than%, if the color signal amount is set as standard, the experimental result that the color carrier signal becomes less than 25% of the maximum amplitude is obtained.

From the above, the residual components of the color difference signals of the C ₁ and C ₂ difference signals and the D ₁ and D ₂ addition color difference signals during achromatic light are obtained from the picture elements corresponding to each color filter within this range. If each signal amount is 90% or more of the signal amount of the pixel corresponding to the color filter with the largest signal amount, it is an achromatic subject in which vertical color error becomes a problem, Even in the worst case where one side is black, the vertical color error has a sufficiently allowable value. In addition, the luminance signal error at that time is 10%, which is the maximum difference in the signal amount between the two adjacent pixels of each horizontal pixel array, and the error is added even in the worst case where the error is added in the vertically adjacent two horizontal pixel arrays. 10% (because the luminance signal is the average value of 2 horizontal pixels), which is about 1/3 of the conventional value, and the luminance false signal generated by zooming, panning, etc. is also a sufficiently permissible value. Within the above error. Thus, the effects of the present invention can be substantially obtained.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 11 is a schematic partial plan view showing a mutual relationship between a color array of color filters and picture elements in a color solid-state imaging device according to another embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of picture elements 1 are regularly arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. A color filter is formed on each picture element 1. The first and third horizontal picture element arrays l ₁ , l ₃ and l ₅ , l ₇ are Mg ″, G ″ color filters having a transmission characteristic as shown in FIG. The second and fourth horizontal picture element sequences l ₂ , l ₄ and l ₆ , l ₈ which are formed for each
Is Cy ″, Y having transmission evaluation characteristics as shown in FIG. 12 (b).
An e ″ color filter is formed for each picture element.

G "is not formed by the conventional superposition of Cy and Ye, but is formed independently as G" so that the transmittance of the G component is as high as possible. The first difference signal C ₁ based on G "and Mg" =
As in the case of the first embodiment, B + R-G becomes zero when the white image illuminated at the reference illumination color temperature of 3200 ° K is imaged, considering the spectral characteristics of the image sensor, the infrared cut filter, etc.
The transmittance of the G color light component is selected. On the other hand, Gy ″, Ye ″
The spectral characteristics of the second difference signal C ₂ against the white of 3200 ° K illumination are
= B-R becomes zero and the luminance signal of the Mg ″, G ″ picture element sequence and C
y ″ and Ye so that each of the picture element sequences is
It has a darker color filter than Ye. In particular, the Ye ″ filter suppresses the transmittance of the red component to a low value because the _second difference signal C _{2 is set} to zero for illumination having a large red component of 3200 ° K.

The first and second added color difference signals obtained by the field accumulation operation by the color image pickup device having the color filter array as described above are zero in the case of achromatic light as in the first embodiment, and in each horizontal picture element row. Since the same luminance signal is used, it is possible to perform color imaging without a luminance false signal. Also in this embodiment, an NTSC color television signal can be obtained in exactly the same manner as the single plate type color image pickup device shown in the schematic configuration diagram of FIG.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the added color difference signal obtained from each horizontal line for achromatic light due to the reference illumination color temperature is almost zero, and the luminance of each horizontal picture element sequence is small. Since the signal levels can be made almost equal, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of vertical color error at least for an achromatic subject due to the reference illumination color temperature and for an uncorrelated subject in the adjacent two vertical and horizontal picture element rows. A color solid-state imaging device that prevents the generation of a luminance false signal caused by zooming or panning is realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an interline transfer CCD image pickup device, FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing readout of signal charges when the interline transfer CCD is operated by field accumulation, and FIG. 4A and 4B are schematic partial plan views showing the color arrangement of the color filters, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams schematically showing the output signal of each horizontal line in the field accumulation operation in the color filter arrangement of FIG. , FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a color difference signal vector, FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a single plate type color image pickup device, and FIG. 7 is a schematic partial plan view showing a color filter array according to the first embodiment of the present invention. , FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are diagrams showing the spectral transmission characteristics of each color filter, and FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) are the spectral response of the difference signal at the time of achromatic light of two horizontal picture element arrays. Fig. 10 shows the characteristics, Fig. 10 shows the vector of the difference signal and the added color difference signal, FIG. 11 is a schematic partial plan view showing a color fill arrangement according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) are diagrams showing the spectral transmission characteristics of the respective color filters of the second embodiment. is there. In the figure, 1 ... Picture element, 2 ... Vertical CCD register, 3 ...
Horizontal CCD register, 4 …… Output section, 5 …… Color filter, 6 ……
Interline transfer CCD image sensor, 7 ... Low-pass filter, 8 ... Mixing circuit, 9 ... Narrow band low-pass filter, 10 ...
… Gain switching circuit, 11 …… Bypass filter, 12 …… Detector, 13 …… White balance circuit, 14 …… 1H delay line, 15
…… 1H switching circuit, 16 …… Balanced modulation circuit, l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ ,
… L ₈ is the column number sequentially assigned to the horizontal pixel array.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A field storage interlace operation by vertical addition of pixel signal internal charges, comprising at least a solid-state image sensor and a plurality of color filters arranged in horizontal and vertical directions corresponding to each pixel of the solid-state image sensor. In the color solid-state imaging device driven by, the 4n + 1th column (n = 0, 1,
2, ...) The horizontal picture element row has two color filters alternately arranged, and the horizontal picture element row of the 4n + 2nd row has two color filters different from the horizontal picture element row of the 4n + 1th row. 4n + 3th horizontal picture element row is arranged with the same color filter as the 4n + 1th horizontal picture element row.
The horizontal picture element row of the 4th row has the same color filters as the 4n + 2nd row, and the horizontal picture element row of the 4n + 1th row and the 4n + th row.
In the first combination with the horizontal picture element row in the third row, or in any one of the second combination of the horizontal picture element row in the 4n + 2 row and the horizontal picture element row in the 4n + 4th row, The horizontal picture element rows are arranged so that their phases are different by 180 °. Further, each color filter is arranged in the 4n + 1th row and the 4n + 3rd row when capturing a 100% luminance level achromatic uniform subject with a predetermined reference illumination color temperature. 2 in
The difference between the horizontal pixel array signals of the two color filters is the first difference signal,
The difference between the horizontal picture element column signals of the two color filters in the 4n + 2th column and the 4n + 4th column is the second difference signal, and
A signal formed by adding the difference signals obtained from the 4n + 1th column and the 4n + 2th horizontal picture element columns is obtained as the first added color difference signal, from the 4n + 3th column and the 4n + 4th row horizontal pixel columns. When a signal formed by adding the generated difference signals is used as a second added color difference signal, a composite color including a carrier color signal formed by a color signal parallel modulator based on the first and second added color difference signals The carrier color signal amplitude due to each residual color signal component of the first and second difference signals in the signal is 25% or less of the maximum carrier color signal amplitude, and the first and second difference signals Is obtained from each picture element corresponding to four color filters adjacent to each other in which the signal amount ratio of horizontally adjacent pixels corresponding to two different color filters of each horizontal picture element row is 90% or more. Each signal quantity corresponds to the color filter with the largest signal quantity. Color solid-state imaging apparatus characterized by comprising to have a spectral transmittance characteristic as the issue of over 90%.