JPH0825941A - Air-conditioning control device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable automatic air-conditioning control only by changing software without using new sensors by estimating the radiation temperature on the basis of the outside air temperature and room temperature, and estimating air speed on the basis of blower voltage. CONSTITUTION:A temperature setter 41 sets the room temperature of an air- conditioned room. A radiating temperature estimating means 100 estimates the radiation temperature on the basis of a room temperature sensor 31 and an outside air temperature sensor 32. A clothes quantity estimating means 200 estimates the quantity of clothes on the basis of the outside air temperature. An air speed estimating means 300 estimates air speed blasted into an air- conditioned room on the basis of blower voltage. A target room temperature computing means 400 computes the target temperature of the air-conditioned room on the basis of the estimated radiation temperature, clothes quantity and air speed. Air-conditioning is performed on the basis of this target temperature. Since the radiation temperature and air speed are not measured by sensors but estimated from the output of the existing sensors, comfortable air- conditioning control can be performed only by changing software.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention is used in vehicles and the like.
The present invention relates to an air-conditioning control device that automatically controls a temperature of a room to be air-conditioned so that a person in the space feels comfortable.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As this type of air-conditioning control apparatus for performing automatic control, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-215394 is known.

These are not only temperature-controlled so as to reach the set room temperature, but also indoor temperature, humidity,
PMV, which is an index of comfort, is influenced by the six factors of radiant temperature, air velocity, activity amount and clothing amount that indicate conditions on the human body side, which affect human thermal sensation.
(Average predicted thermal sensation) is calculated, and the flow rate and direction of the blown air are determined so that the PMV reaches the comfortable area, so that it can respond to various environmental conditions and human body conditions.

[0004]

However, some conventional air conditioners have at most only room temperature sensors and humidity sensors as sensors for indicating environmental conditions, and do not have radiation temperature sensors and air flow rate sensors. General. For this reason, it is necessary to make major changes in terms of the hardware of the air conditioner, and there is the disadvantage that the cost increases due to design changes and the installation of new sensors.

Therefore, in the present invention, the air conditioning control of the air-conditioned room can be automatically performed only by changing the software surface by using a temperature index in consideration of the thermal sensation element in the configuration of the conventional sensor. It is an object to provide a device.

[0006]

The applicant of the present invention estimates the radiation temperature and the air flow velocity from existing sensors and manipulated variables when considering the thermal sensation element without using the radiation sensor and the air flow velocity sensor. Then, calculate the target room temperature using these estimated amounts and the calculated clothing amount, calculate the correction amount for the set room temperature based on this target room temperature, and then calculate this correction amount in the section of the set room temperature of the total signal. The present invention has been completed in view of the fact that air-conditioning control that reflects the thermal sensation factor can be taken into consideration.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the air-conditioning control device according to the present invention comprises a temperature setting device 41 for setting the room temperature of the room to be air-conditioned, a room temperature sensor 31 for detecting the room temperature of the room to be air-conditioned, An outside air temperature sensor 32 for detecting an outside air temperature,
The radiation temperature estimating means 100 for estimating the radiation temperature based on the outside temperature and the room temperature, the clothing amount estimating means 200 for estimating the clothing amount based on the outside temperature, and the air-conditioned room based on at least the blower voltage. Air flow velocity estimating means 300 for estimating the air flow velocity to be blown out, and the radiation temperature estimating means 10
A target room temperature calculating means for calculating a target room temperature of the air-conditioned room based on the radiant temperature estimated at 0, the clothing amount estimated by the clothing amount estimating means 200, and the air flow velocity estimated by the air flow velocity estimating means 300. 400, a correction amount calculation means 500 for calculating a correction amount of the set room temperature from the target room temperature, a set room temperature corrected by the correction amount, and the room temperature sensor 31.
Comprehensive signal calculation means 6 for calculating a reference signal used for controlling each air conditioner as a comprehensive signal based on at least the room temperature detected by the above and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 32.
00 and (claim 1).

The air conditioning control device may further include a solar radiation sensor for detecting the amount of solar radiation, and further consider the amount of solar radiation when calculating the total signal. Also,
Means for estimating the air flow velocity are head, abdomen,
The wind speed of the foot may be estimated, or may be estimated by adding factors such as the position of the intake door, the position of the mix door, and the vehicle speed.

Further, the target room temperature may be determined in relation to the blowout mode and the outside air temperature. In that case, when the outside air temperature is below the first predetermined temperature, the target temperature is in the foot mode. When the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a second predetermined temperature that is higher than the first predetermined temperature, the outside air temperature is calculated based on the operation formula in the vent mode. The target temperature obtained at the first predetermined temperature and the second temperature when the temperature is between the predetermined temperature and the second predetermined temperature.
A configuration is conceivable in which the value is set to a value between the target temperature obtained at the predetermined temperature and the target temperature (claim 2).

[0010]

Therefore, according to the present invention, the radiant temperature and the air flow velocity are not detected by the sensor, but the radiant temperature is estimated based on the outside air temperature and the room temperature, and the blower voltage which is the operation amount of the blower is calculated. The air flow velocity is estimated based on. Then, the target room temperature is calculated from these estimated radiant temperature and air flow velocity, and the clothing amount estimated based on the outside temperature, and the correction amount of the set room temperature is calculated from this target room temperature, and the correction amount is set to the set room temperature. In addition to the above, the total signal is calculated. Therefore, with the conventional hardware configuration that does not include the radiation sensor and the air flow velocity sensor, it is possible to perform the temperature control according to the feeling of how the person in the air-conditioned room actually feels.

[0011] In particular, if the apparatus according to the present invention is configured assuming that the apparatus is used for a vehicle, when the outside air temperature is low, the target room temperature required in the foot mode is the radiation temperature, the air flow velocity, and the clothing. When the outside air temperature is high, the target room temperature required in the vent mode is also obtained from the radiation temperature, air flow velocity, and the amount of clothing, and when it is an intermediate outside air temperature, an intermediate target room temperature is obtained. . That is, in addition to the radiation temperature, the air flow velocity, and the clothing amount, the correction amount can be changed in the relationship between the outside air temperature and the blowing mode, and the comfort can be improved.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case is shown in which the air conditioning of the vehicle interior is controlled by a vehicle air conditioner mounted on the vehicle.

In FIG. 2, the vehicle air conditioner is provided with an intake door switching device 2 on the most upstream side of the air conditioning duct 1. The intake door switching device 2 is divided into an inside air inlet 3 and an outside air inlet 4. The inside / outside air switching door 5 is disposed in the open portion, and the inside / outside air switching door 5 is operated by the actuator 6 to select the air introduced into the air conditioning duct 1 between the inside air and the outside air, and the desired intake mode is selected. Is obtained.

The blower 7 sucks air into the air-conditioning duct 1 and blows the air downstream. An evaporator 8 is disposed behind the blower 7. The evaporator 8 is connected to a compressor 9, a condenser 10, a receiver tank 11, and an expansion valve 12 in a piping manner to form a cooling cycle.
Is connected to the engine 13 of the vehicle via an electromagnetic clutch 14, and is operated by connecting and disconnecting the electromagnetic clutch 14.
Stop control is performed.

The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 9 dissipates heat when passing through the condenser 10 and is condensed, and adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 12 to become a mist-like refrigerant. The atomized refrigerant absorbs heat when passing through the evaporator 8, evaporates and vaporizes. By repeating the heat absorbing action of the evaporator 8 and the heat dissipating action of the capacitor 10, the evaporator 8
It is designed to cool the air passing through.

A heater core 15 is disposed behind the evaporator 8, and an air mixing door 16 is provided upstream of the heater core 15. By adjusting the actuator 17, the ratio of the air passing through the heater core 15 and the air bypassing the heater core 15 is changed, whereby the temperature of the blown air is controlled.

When the air mix door 16 is opened at 0%, the proportion of air bypassing the heater core 15 is maximized (the proportion of air passing through the heater core is minimum, or there is no air passing through the heater core). At a degree of 100%, the proportion of air passing through the heater core 15 becomes maximum (the proportion of air bypassing the heater core is minimum, or there is no bypass air).

A downstream side of the air-conditioning duct 1 is provided with a defrost blow-out port 18 (in the drawing, it is opened in the horizontal direction for convenience, but is actually provided facing the windshield), and a vent blow-off port. The passenger compartment 2 is provided through an exit 19 (opened so as to face the upper body of the occupant) and a heat outlet 20 (opened so as to face the lower body of the occupant).
The opening mode is changed by controlling the opening and closing of the mode doors 22 and 23 provided at the divided portions of the outlets 18 to 20 by the actuator 24.

The various doors 5, 16, 22, 2
3. The electromagnetic clutch 14 of the compressor 9 and the motor 7a of the blower 7 are controlled based on an output signal from the control unit 25. This control unit 25
Is a drive circuit 26 for driving and controlling the actuators 6, 17, 24, the electromagnetic clutch 14, and the motor 7a of the blower.
a to 26e, a microcomputer 27 for controlling the driving circuits 26a to 26e, an A / D converter 28 and a multiplexer (MPX) 29 for inputting signals to the microcomputer 27, and a display unit 4 of an operation panel 35 described later.
The microcomputer 27 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a ROM, a RAM, and the like. A multiplexer (MPX) 29 receives a signal from a room temperature sensor 31 for detecting a vehicle interior temperature, a signal from an outside temperature sensor 32 for detecting an outside air temperature, a signal from a solar irradiation sensor 33 for detecting a solar radiation amount, and the like. You.

Further, a signal and the like from the operation panel 35 which outputs a control command in response to an operation of an occupant is input to the microcomputer 27. The operation panel 35 includes an AUTO switch 36 for instructing automatic control of each air conditioner such as various doors, an electromagnetic clutch, and a blower, and a REC switch for manually setting an intake mode to an inside air circulation mode (REC) or an outside air introduction mode (FRESH). 37, an A / C switch 38 for individually instructing the operation of the cooling cycle, an OFF switch 39 for outputting a command to turn off each air conditioner, a DEF switch 40 for forcibly setting the blowing mode to the defrost mode, The temperature setting device 41 has an up / down switch 42a, 42b for setting the target room temperature, a FAN switch 43 for switching the blowing capacity, and a MODE switch 44 for manually setting the blowing mode. The up / down switches 42a, 42
The target room temperature set by b, the air blowing capacity set by the FAN switch 43, and the blowing mode set by the MODE switch 44 are displayed on the display unit 45 provided on the panel surface.
Is displayed.

3 and 4, an example of total signal calculation processing by the microcomputer 27 is shown as a flow chart. This will be described below. The microcomputer 27 detects the room temperature Tinc detected by the room temperature sensor 31 and the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 32.
b, after inputting various signals necessary for air-conditioning control, such as the solar radiation amount Tsun detected by the solar radiation sensor and the signal from the operation panel 35, in step 50, the room temperature Tinc and the outside air temperature T
The radiation temperature Trad is estimated based on amb. This Trade
The estimation calculation of is an approximate expression shown in Equation 1 created based on actual vehicle test data (data obtained by measuring the radiation temperature with a radiometer for each room temperature and outside air temperature in a stable state). Done using. Here, K1 to K3 are calculation gains, K4 represents a correction term, and this step 50 constitutes the radiation temperature estimating means.

[0022]

## EQU1 ## Trad = K1.Tinc. Tamb + K2.Tinc
＋ K3 ・ Tamb ＋ K4

Thereafter, in steps 52 and 54, whether the outside air temperature Tamb is in the low outside air region lower than 2 ° C.
It is determined whether it is in the medium outside air region in the range of 25 ° C or in the high outside air region larger than 25 ° C. If it is in the low outside air region, the process proceeds to step 56, and the blower voltage Vm applied to the blower 7 is set. Y1 · Tamb + Y2 is calculated, and when it is in the middle outside air region, the process proceeds to step 58, the blower voltage Vm is fixed at α, and when it is in the high outside air region, the process proceeds to step 60, where the blower voltage Vm is Y4 · Tamb + Y5. Calculate as. Here, Y1 and Y4 are operation gains, and Y2 and Y5 are operation constants. These steps 52
The process from step 60 to step 60 shows the process in a stable state, not in consideration of the process in the transient state at the initial stage of air conditioning, and the characteristic of the blower voltage Vm with respect to the outside air temperature Tamb is as a whole. 5, the steps 52 to 60 constitute an air flow velocity estimating means.

In steps 62 and 64, the outside temperature T
amb is in the low outside air region below 5 ° C or 5-20 °
It is judged whether it is in the middle outside air region in the range of C or in the high outside air region above 20 ° C, and if it is in the low outside air region, the process proceeds to step 66, and as shown in the same step, the foot Air flow velocity Va of air blown to the head, abdomen, and feet in the mode (in the figure, the air flow velocity blown to the head is Va (head), and the air flow velocity blown to the abdomen is Va (bod
y), and the air flow velocity blown to the foot is represented by Va (foot)). That is, in the head and abdomen, the air flow velocity Va is calculated as 0.1 m / sec, and in the foot part, the air flow velocity Va is calculated as X12 · Vm + X13. On the other hand, when it is in the high outside air region, the routine proceeds to step 68, where the air flow velocity Va of the air blown to the head, abdomen and foot in the vent mode is calculated. In this case, the air flow velocity Va of the head is X1 · Vm + X2, and the air flow velocity Va of the abdomen is X6 · Vm + X2.
Vm + X7 and air flow velocity Va at the foot are calculated as 0.1 m / sec. If it is in the middle / outside air region, the process proceeds to step 70 without calculating Va.

After the calculation of the air flow velocity, in step 70, the calculation of the amount of clothing is performed based on the outside air temperature. In this operation, if the clothing amount Icl is the head, there is usually no clothing amount, so Icl (head) = 0, and in the abdomen, Icl (b)
ody) = Z1.Tamb + Z2, and for the foot, Icl (foot) = Z3.Tamb + Z4.
These are standardized international standards as ISO-7730, and Z1 to Z4 are constants. This step 70 constitutes a clothing amount estimating means.

In the next step 72, the room temperature Tinc
, Based on the estimated radiation temperature Trad and the like, and calculates the equivalent temperature Teq from Expression 2.

[0027]

[Equation 2] Teq = 0.55 * Tinc + 0.45 * Trad + G (3
6.5-Tinc)

Here, G in the equation is calculated in consideration of the airflow velocity Va of the head, abdomen, and feet and the amount of clothing Icl, and is a calculation element G1 for the head and a calculation element G2 for the abdomen. , And the operation element G3 at the foot is calculated as shown in Table 1, and weighted for each of them to calculate by Expression 3.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

[Equation 3] G = 0.1 G1 + 0.7 G2 + 0.2 G3

After the above processing is completed, in step 74, it is determined whether the outside air temperature Tamb is in the intermediate region of 5 ° C to 20 ° C or in the other region. When it is determined in step 74 that the outside air temperature Tamb is in the intermediate region, the process proceeds to step 76, the target room temperature Troom is calculated based on the equation 4, and it is determined that the outside air temperature Tamb is outside the intermediate region. If so, the process proceeds to step 78, and the target room temperature Troom is calculated based on Equation 5. The target room temperature calculating means is constituted by the series of processes from step 72 to step 78.

[0032]

[Equation 4]

[0033]

(Equation 5)

The target room temperature Troom (VENT) in the vent mode,
The target room temperature Troom (B / L) in the bi-level mode and the target room temperature Troom (FOOT) in the foot mode are shown in Table 2 as an approximate expression using the equivalent temperature Teq and the outside temperature Tamb as parameters. When Teq is set to 23.5 ° C. and a characteristic line is shown for each of the blowing modes, the characteristic line is as shown by the broken line in FIG. Here, the approximate expression in Table 2 is obtained by adding the expression 1 to the equivalent temperature calculation expression in Expression 2.
, The clothing volume relation formula, and the corresponding air flow velocity relation formula in the blowing mode.
In this embodiment, the outside temperature Tamb is 5 as shown by the solid line.
If the temperature is lower than ° C, use Troom in the FOOT mode,
When the outside air temperature Tamb is higher than 20 ° C., Troom in the VENT mode is used, and in the intermediate region (5 ≦ Tamb ≦ 20), the value T ₅ of 5 ° C. of Troom (FOOT) and Troom (VEN)
The straight line of the values which connects the 20 ° C value T ₂₀ of T) is set to Troom.

Therefore, in the equation 4, the outside temperature is 5 ° C.
Is a straight line formula in an intermediate region between the above and 20 ° C.
Is equal to the comfortable equivalent temperature Teq in Equation 2 above.
Room temperature Tinc at 3.5 ° C is Troom, and 2
3.5 = 0.55 * Troom + 0.45 * Trad + G (36.5-Troo
m), which is equivalent to the relational expression of the characteristic line when the outside air temperature Tamb shown in FIG. 6 is 5 ° C. or lower, or 20 ° C. or higher.

[0036]

[Table 2]

Thereafter, in step 80 which constitutes the correction amount calculation means, the correction amount β is calculated by the equation 6 based on the target room temperature Troom calculated in the previous step.

[0038]

Equation 6: β = (Troom−25) / C

Then, in step 82, a reference signal used for controlling each air conditioner is calculated as a total signal T by using Equation 7 in consideration of the correction amount β. In addition, Equation 6
And in Equation 7, B, C, and D are operation constants.

[0040]

T = (Tinc−25) + B (Tamb−25) −
C (Tset + β-25) + D * Tsun + E

Therefore, although the total signal T changes in the room temperature Tinc, the outside temperature Tamb, the solar radiation amount Tsun, and the set room temperature Tset, it also changes depending on the value of β, and this value of β is the target room temperature Troom. This target room temperature T determined by
Since room is a function of Trad and G, and G is a function of Va and Icl, β is a parameter that changes depending on Trad, Va, and Icl, and these Trad, Va, and Icl are reflected in the calculation of the total signal. You can bear.

Conventionally, even if the set room temperature is 25 ° C., when the outside air temperature is high, the sense of cooling is small, so the set room temperature is corrected to be lower than 25 ° C. On the contrary, when the outside air temperature is low, At 25 ° C, it was considered that the set room temperature was corrected to be higher than 25 ° C because of the feeling of cold. However, this was done by changing the set room temperature so that characteristics predetermined in relation to the outside temperature could be obtained. Or increase or decrease the set room temperature by a fixed amount. However, according to the present invention, the target room temperature is determined in consideration of the room temperature, the radiation temperature, the air velocity, the equivalent temperature of how the occupant actually feels from the amount of clothing, and the correction amount of the set room temperature is determined. ,
The temperature control can be performed according to the actual thermal sensation of the occupant, and the comfort can be improved.

Further, without using the radiation sensor and the airflow velocity sensor, which are conventionally required, the radiation and the airflow velocity are estimated based on the existing sensors and the operation amount, and the correction of the total signal is performed based on the estimated value and the clothing amount. Since the amount β is calculated, it is possible to realize the same comfortable control as when using the radiation sensor and the airflow velocity sensor.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The radiation temperature and the air flow velocity are estimated from existing sensors and manipulated variables, the target room temperature is calculated with these estimated amounts and the calculated clothing amount, and the correction amount of the set room temperature is calculated based on this target room temperature, After that, the correction amount was added to the term of the set room temperature of the total signal, so the existing hardware configuration without radiation sensor and air flow rate sensor was used to consider the thermal sensation of the person in the air-conditioned room. The temperature control can be performed, and comfort can be improved.

Further, since it is possible to cope with the change of software without changing the hardware configuration, it is advantageous in terms of cost as compared with the case of changing the design from hardware.

Further, when the vehicle is used for a vehicle, the correction amount can be determined in consideration of the relationship between the outside air temperature and the blow-out mode, particularly if the configuration is as in claim 2, so that the temperature can be further increased. Comfortable control that accurately reflects the cold sensation becomes possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an air conditioning control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner using the air conditioning control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control processing in the microcomputer of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a continuation of the control processing example of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a blower voltage Vm applied to a blower and an outside air temperature Tamb.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a target room temperature Troom in a relationship between an outside air temperature Tamb and a blowout mode (VENT mode, B / L mode, FOOT mode).

[Explanation of symbols]

 21 Vehicle Cabin 41 Temperature Setting Device 31 Room Temperature Sensor 32 Outside Air Temperature Sensor 100 Radiation Temperature Estimating Means 200 Clothing Amount Estimating Means 300 Air Velocity Estimating Means 400 Target Room Temperature Calculating Means 500 Correction Amount Calculating Means 600 Overall Signal Calculating Means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A temperature setting device for setting a room temperature of an air-conditioned room, a room temperature sensor for detecting a room temperature of the air-conditioned room, and an outside air temperature sensor for detecting an outside air temperature. Radiation temperature estimating means for estimating the radiation temperature based on the air temperature, clothing amount estimating means for estimating the clothing amount based on the outside air temperature, and air velocity for estimating the air flow velocity blown into the air-conditioned room based on at least the blower voltage. Estimating means, the radiation temperature estimated by the radiation temperature estimating means, the air flow velocity estimated by the air flow velocity estimating means, the target room temperature of the air-conditioned room based on the clothing amount estimated by the clothing amount estimating means Target room temperature calculation means for calculating, correction amount calculation means for calculating a correction amount of the set room temperature from the target room temperature, set room temperature corrected by the correction amount, room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor, the outside air temperature sensor Comprehensive signal computing means for computing a reference signal used for control of each air conditioner as a comprehensive signal based on at least the outside air temperature detected in
An air conditioning control device comprising: 2. The target room temperature is calculated based on an arithmetic expression in the foot mode when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the first predetermined temperature, and the outside air temperature is a second predetermined temperature which is higher than the first predetermined temperature. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature, it is calculated based on the calculation formula in the vent mode, and when the outside air temperature is between the first predetermined temperature and the second predetermined temperature, it is obtained at the first predetermined temperature. The air conditioning control device according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning control device is set to a value between the target temperature and the target temperature obtained at the second predetermined temperature.