JPH08111999A - Secondary excitation control method and system stabilizing device for AC excitation synchronous machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] An AC excitation synchronous machine that can be operated as a system stabilizer by demonstrating the ability of instantaneously adjusting the input / output power, which is the greatest feature of the AC excitation synchronous machine. And a secondary excitation control method for the same. [Structure] A system stabilizing signal generator 10 for detecting active power of a typical power source terminal 1 by a power detector 4 and sending a proportional output and a differential output in accordance with the active power is provided, and for this excitation, a cross excitation is used. By controlling the converter 9, the output of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100 is increased in proportion to the active power to increase the synchronization force, and the output of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100 depends on the differential output of the active power. The output is increased to increase the damping force and stabilize the system.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling an alternating-current excitation synchronous machine that performs power generation, pumping, etc., and relates to a secondary excitation control method for an alternating-current excitation synchronous machine equipped with a device for improving system stability. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 9 shows a paper "Simulation Analysis of System Stabilization Effect by Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Generation System" published by The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Electric Power Technology Study Group (S.62.7.27 / 28. Magazine S. FIG. 12 is a block diagram for explaining the principle of a secondary excitation control method of an AC excitation synchronous machine as a conventional variable speed machine, which is shown in the 62.12 February issue “About the world's first variable speed power generation system”. In FIG. 9, 100 is an AC excitation synchronous machine for generating power, 31 is an armature of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100, 32 is a rotor (secondary coil) of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100, and 33 is an AC excitation synchronous machine 100. A shaft, 34 is an excitation transformer, 35 is an excitation converter that excites the rotor 32 (secondary coil) of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100, and 36 is a detection that detects the rotational position and rotation speed of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100. , 37 is a controller that controls the excitation converter 35, 38 is a current transformer that detects current, 39 is a transformer for instrument that detects voltage, 40 is a main transformer that supplies power to the power system L, Reference numeral 41 is a field breaker of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100, 42 is a generator circuit breaker that interrupts the output of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100, and 43 is a high-voltage side circuit breaker that interrupts the power to the power system L.

Next, the operation will be described. To operate the AC excitation synchronous machine 100 at a variable speed, the AC excitation synchronous machine 10
A method in which 0 is secondarily excited is usually adopted. Even if the rotational speed of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100 changes, if the frequency is corrected by secondary excitation by the amount of slip so as to match the frequency of the power system, parallel operation with the power system L is possible. As a secondary excitation device for secondary excitation of the AC excitation synchronous machine 100, there are a cycloconverter system for directly producing a desired AC from a given AC, and a converter for once converting the given AC into a DC to further produce an AC. There is a method of using an inverter. The excitation converter 35 is such a secondary excitation device.

The controller 37 inputs the voltage detected by the instrument transformer 39, the current detected by the current transformer 38, or the rotational position and the rotational speed detected by the detector 36, and the AC exciter synchronous machine. The AC excitation synchronous machine 100 is operated by controlling the excitation converter 35 so that 100 can obtain the preset voltage, rotation speed, and electric power.

[0005]

The secondary excitation control system of the conventional AC excitation synchronous machine is constructed as described above and is controlled to change the rotation speed to adjust the input during the pumping operation.
During power generation operation, while performing high-efficiency operation at the optimum number of revolutions according to the command power, only AFC operation (automatic frequency adjustment operation) is performed, and the instantaneous characteristic that is the greatest feature of the AC excitation synchronous machine There were problems such as not fully exerting the ability to adjust electric power.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and exhibits the ability of instantaneously adjusting the input / output power, which is the greatest feature of the AC excitation synchronous machine, to exhibit the AC excitation synchronous machine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine that can be operated as a system stabilizing device.

[0007]

(1) A secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine according to the present invention controls an excitation converter that excites the secondary side of an AC excitation synchronous machine connected to a system. By doing so, in the secondary excitation control method of the AC excitation synchronous machine in which the AC excitation synchronous machine is operated at a variable speed, the excitation converter is controlled in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system. Is.

(2) In addition, by controlling the excitation converter that excites the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system, the AC excitation synchronous machine that performs variable speed operation of the AC excitation synchronous machine can be used. In the secondary excitation control method, the excitation converter is controlled according to the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system.

(3) In addition, by controlling the excitation converter that excites the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system, the AC excitation synchronous machine that operates the AC excitation synchronous machine at a variable speed can be used. In the secondary excitation control method, the excitation converter is controlled in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system, and the excitation converter is controlled in accordance with the differential value of the active power. is there.

(4) Further, by controlling the excitation converter for exciting the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system, the AC excitation synchronous machine which operates the AC excitation synchronous machine at a variable speed can be used. In the secondary excitation control method, a method of controlling the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system,
And, at least one of the methods for controlling the excitation converter is selected according to the differential value of the active power.

(5) Control of the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system based on predetermined conditions such as the magnitude, period and phase of fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system. Secondary excitation of the AC excitation synchronous machine, characterized in that at least one of the above methods and the method of controlling the excitation converter according to the differentiated value of active power is selected. Control method.

(6) Further, the proportional gain controlled by the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power source side of the system is set to a predetermined value such as the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the fluctuation of the active power on the power source side of the system. It is made variable according to the conditions.

(7) Further, the differential gain of the differential value for controlling the excitation converter according to the differential value of the active power on the power source side of the system is determined by the magnitude / cycle of the fluctuation of the active power on the power source side of the system.
It is designed to be variable based on a predetermined condition such as a phase.

(8) Further, the proportional gain controlled by the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system is set to a predetermined value such as the magnitude, period and phase of fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system. The differential gain of the differential value that controls the excitation converter in accordance with the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system is changed based on the conditions, and the magnitude / cycle of the fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system It is designed to be variable based on a predetermined condition such as a phase.

(9) The system stabilizing device of the present invention is a system stabilizing device using the secondary excitation control method of the AC excitation synchronous machine of the present invention.

[0016]

[Action]

(1) The secondary excitation control method for the AC excitation synchronous machine of the present invention controls the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system.

(2) Further, the excitation converter is controlled according to the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system.

(3) Further, the exciting converter is controlled in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system, and the exciting converter is controlled in accordance with the differential value of the active power.

(4) A method of controlling the exciting converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system, and a method of controlling the exciting converter in accordance with the differential value of the active power. Select at least one of these methods.

(5) Control of the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system, based on predetermined conditions such as the magnitude, period and phase of fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system. And at least one of the methods for controlling the excitation converter according to the differentiated value of the active power.

(6) Further, the proportional gain controlled by the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system is set to a predetermined value such as the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system. It varies according to the conditions.

(7) Further, the differential gain of the differential value for controlling the excitation converter according to the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system is determined by the magnitude / cycle of the fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system.
It is changed based on a predetermined condition such as a phase.

(8) In addition, the proportional gain controlled by the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system is set to a predetermined value such as the magnitude of the fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system, the period, and the phase shift. The differential gain of the differential value that controls the excitation converter in accordance with the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system is changed based on the conditions, and the magnitude / cycle of the fluctuation of the active power on the power supply side of the system It is changed based on a predetermined condition such as a phase.

(9) The system stabilizing device of the present invention uses the secondary excitation control method of the AC excitation synchronous machine of the present invention.

[0025]

【Example】

Example 1. The characteristics near the equilibrium point of the generator as shown in the system model of FIG. 1 are shown by the blocks of FIG.

When there is no stabilizing system (AC excitation synchronous machine system) and Pe = Qe = 0, the parameters are as shown in equation (1) assuming D = 0. θ _o is the phase angle at the initial output (equilibrium point) of the generator.

[0027]

[Equation 1]

When the synchronization torque coefficient (K) is increased by the equation (2) due to the installation of the stabilization system (AC excitation synchronous machine system), the synchronization torque coefficient (K) is increased by ΔK _S. , The braking torque coefficient (D) is (ω _b / ω)
-The characteristic becomes equal to that increased by ΔK _d . (D
2 is a value obtained by multiplying jΔK _d by ω _b / S = ω _b / jω in FIG. However, S = jω) ΔK = ΔK _S + jΔK _d --- (2)

Since it is desirable for the AC excitation synchronous machine to increase both the synchronous torque coefficient and the braking torque coefficient, the method for increasing the synchronous torque coefficient and the method for increasing the braking torque coefficient will be explained from the above relationship. To do.

In FIG. 1, the increment (ΔK) of the synchronizing torque coefficient by the system stabilizing system (active / reactive power adjusting device represented by the transfer function F) using the output (P ₁ ) of the generator as the control input is It is expressed by equation (3).

[0031]

[Equation 2]

K _b is given by equations (4) and (5). ○ When controlling active power (when F = ΔG / ΔP ₁ )

[0033]

(Equation 3)

When controlling the reactive power (F = ΔB / Δ
(For P ₁ )

[0035]

[Equation 4]

Here, P _S = (X ₁ + X ₂ ) / (X ₁ X ₂ ) (short-circuit capacity at the installation point of the stabilizing system) P _O = (E / (X ₁ + X ₂ )) sin θ _O (power generation Initial output of the machine).

To increase only the synchronized torque coefficient,
From Equation (3), it is sufficient to select a proportional element for F such that 1> K _b F> 0. Outside this range, the value becomes a negative value and the synchronization torque coefficient decreases.

Next, a method of increasing the braking torque coefficient without decreasing the synchronization torque coefficient will be described. F (S) = a + jb (S = jω) --- (6) However, ω = (ω _b K / M) ^1/2 S = d / dt (differential operator) The real part of ΔK _S + jΔK _d (Δ
By obtaining the conditions of a and b for increasing the imaginary part (ΔK _d ) without decreasing K _S ), the control law (gain of the stabilizing system that increases the braking torque coefficient without decreasing the synchronization torque coefficient).・ Phase characteristics) can be obtained.

Substituting the equation (6) into the equation (3), ΔK = (KK _b (a + jb)) / (1-K _b (a + jb)) --- (7), which does not lower the synchronization force. The conditions of a and b that enhance the damping are as shown in formulas (8) and (9).

[0040]

(Equation 5)

Under such conditions, the above ΔK = ΔK _S + j
Without decreasing the real part (ΔK _S ) of ΔK _d , the imaginary part (ΔK _d )
K _d ), without decreasing the synchronization torque coefficient,
The braking torque coefficient can be increased.

The first embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below. This embodiment is intended to stabilize the system by strengthening the synchronizing force, and will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In FIG. 3, 1 is a representative power source end, 2 is a current measuring current transformer of the representative power source end 1, 3 is a meter transformer, 4 is a power detector,
5, 6 are power transmission lines, 7 is a load end, 100 is an AC excitation synchronous machine (hereinafter referred to as AESM), 9 is an AESM excitation converter, and 10 is a system stabilizing signal generator (Stabilit) of the present invention.
y Signal Generafor: SSG).

FIG. 4 shows a system stabilizing signal generator (S
SG) 10 shows a block diagram. P is a typical active power at the power source end, which is detected by the power detector 4 in FIG. 1
1 is a proportional circuit (proportional element) having a proportional gain K1;
3 is a phase advance / delay circuit, T3 is a phase delay time constant, T4 is a phase advance time constant, S is a differential operator, and S = d / dt. P ^* is the command power to the AESM.

Next, the operation will be described. The proportional gain K1 shown in FIG. 4 is set to a predetermined optimum gain. This K1 is determined in relation to the coefficients of K, _Kb, etc. obtained by the transfer function F of the entire stabilizing system including the above-mentioned AESM. In FIG. 3, the active power (P) at the representative power source end 1 is detected by the power detection circuit 4 by the current transformer 2 and the instrument transformer 3, and the proportional gain K1 corresponding to the active power from the power detection circuit 4 is detected. By controlling the excitation converter 9 with the output of A, the effective power (P) at the typical power source end 1 is
Since the active power (Pe) of the ESM is proportionally controlled,
The synchronization power is strengthened and the system stability can be improved.

The gain phase lead / lag circuit is AESM.
It is determined in relation to the lead / lag of the phase of the entire system, and when lead / lag is not required, T4 = T3.

Example 2. In this embodiment, the damping (braking) force is strengthened to stabilize the system, and FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the system stabilizing signal generator 10. In the figure,
Reference numeral 12 is a differentiating circuit, K2 is a predetermined optimum gain, T2 is a predetermined phase delay time constant, and
It is determined in relation to the coefficients of K, _Kb, etc. obtained by the transfer function F of the entire stabilizing system including SM.

The exciting converter is controlled by the output from the differentiating circuit 12 according to the fluctuation of the active power (P) at the representative power source end, and is output from the AESM 100. Therefore, the active power of the AESM (P
Since e) is differentially controlled, the damping force is strengthened and the system stability can be improved.

Example 3. This embodiment is constructed by adding both the first embodiment and the second embodiment. This embodiment is shown in FIG. Set K1 and K2 to the predetermined optimum gain. As shown in the figure, by controlling the exciting converter 9 with an output proportional to the active power (P) of the representative power source and an output according to the differential value of the active power, the active power (P) of the representative power source is controlled. ) To the active power (P
Since e) is proportionally and differentially controlled, the synchronization force and the damping force are simultaneously strengthened, and the system stability can be improved.

Example 4. In this embodiment, it is possible to freely select whether to enhance the synchronization force or the damping force, or to utilize both of them and enhance them together. This embodiment is shown in FIG. 7, and 16 is a changeover control circuit that changes over the changeover switches 14 and 15 with its output.
The proportional circuit 11 is used to enhance the synchronizing force, the differentiating circuit 12 is used to enhance the damping force, or
Choose to utilize both and strengthen together.

Depending on the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the power fluctuation of P detected by the power detector 4 of FIG. 3, it is determined whether the synchronizing force, the damping force, or both should be strengthened. , The changeover switch 14 or 15 is switched. With this configuration, the effective power (Pe) of the AESM is proportional and / or proportional to the effective power (P) at the representative power source end due to the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the power fluctuation of P.
Alternatively, since the differential control is performed, the synchronization force and / or the damping force is strengthened according to the power fluctuation of P, and the system stability can be improved.

Embodiment 5 FIG. In this embodiment, in addition to the sixth embodiment, the proportional gain / derivative gain is automatically changed according to conditions, and a block diagram is shown in FIG. In FIG.
The switching control device 16 has the same function as 16 in FIG. 7, and the automatic gain calculation setting circuit 17 determines how much the gain of the proportional circuit is increased and how much the synchronization power is strengthened, and how much the gain of the differentiating circuit is set. A function to calculate how much the damping force should be strengthened is also added.

The proportional circuit 11 shown in FIG. 8 is used to calculate how much the synchronization force and the damping force are to be strengthened by the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the power fluctuation of P detected by the power detector 4 shown in FIG. And K2 of the differentiating circuit 12 are automatically set. With such a configuration, it is possible to improve the system stability by using the optimum signal for suppressing the power fluctuation.

Example 6. The automatic gain calculation setting circuit 17 of the fifth embodiment can be applied to FIG. 6 of the third embodiment. Further, among the automatic gain calculation setting circuit 17, the automatic gain setting circuit for calculating and setting only the proportional gain is provided, and the proportional circuit 11 is provided in the first embodiment (FIG. 3), the third embodiment (FIG. 6), the fourth embodiment (FIG. It can be applied to any of 7). Further, in the automatic gain calculation setting circuit 17, the automatic gain setting circuit for calculating and setting only the differential gain is provided, and the differential circuit 12 is provided in the second to fourth embodiments (FIGS. 4 to 6).
Can be applied to any of the above.

Further, the variable gain automatic calculation setting circuit 17 does not automatically change the proportional gain and differential gain, but an operator or the like may manually change the variable gain while observing the power transmission status and the stable status of the system.

Further, the switching operation of the changeover switches 14 and 15 by the changeover control device 16 shown in the fourth and fifth embodiments may be manually switched by an operator or the like.

If the control method as described above is used, the active power (Pe) of the AESM is the optimum function for stabilizing the system with respect to the active power (P) on the power supply side of the system to which the AC excitation synchronous machine is connected. Since it is configured to be controlled by a conventional system stabilizing device, for example, SMES (Superconductive Magnet)
ic Energy Storage: Superconducting energy storage device, SV
G (Static Var Generator: Static reactive power generator), SVC (Static Var Compensator: Static reactive power generator), FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission S)
A system stabilizer can be provided at low cost simply by adding a system stabilizer signal generator to the AESM without installing expensive equipment such as a ystem (flexible AC power transmission system). Moreover, since the power can be controlled, a more effective system stabilizing device can be obtained as compared with the conventional control using only reactive power.

[0057]

As described above, according to the present invention, the active power (Pe) of the AC excitation synchronous machine is controlled according to the active power (P) on the power supply side of the system to which the AC excitation synchronous machine is connected. Since the method is adopted, the system can be stabilized, and the system stabilizing device using this control method can stabilize the system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system model diagram showing the operating principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an AC excitation synchronous machine system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an AC excitation synchronous machine system according to each Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a system stabilizing signal generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a system stabilizing signal generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a system stabilizing signal generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a system stabilizing signal generator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a system stabilizing signal generator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram for explaining the principle of a conventional secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 representative power source end, 2 current transformer, 3 instrument transformer, 4
Power detector, 5, 6 power transmission line, 7 load end, 9 excitation converter, 10 system stabilizing signal generator, 11 proportional circuit, 12 differentiating circuit, 13 phase advance / delay circuit, 14,
15 changeover switch, 16 changeover control circuit, 17 gain automatic calculation setting circuit, 100 AC excitation synchronous machine (AES
M).

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A secondary excitation control of an AC excitation synchronous machine for variable speed operation of the AC excitation synchronous machine by controlling an excitation converter for exciting the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system. In the method, the secondary excitation control method of an AC excitation synchronous machine is characterized in that the excitation converter is controlled in proportion to the effective power on the power supply side of the system. 2. A secondary excitation control of an AC excitation synchronous machine for variable speed operation of the AC excitation synchronous machine by controlling an excitation converter for exciting the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system. The secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine according to the method, wherein the excitation converter is controlled according to a differential value of active power on the power supply side of the system. 3. A secondary excitation control of an AC excitation synchronous machine for variable speed operation of the AC excitation synchronous machine by controlling an excitation converter for exciting the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system. In the method, the excitation converter is controlled in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system, and the excitation converter is controlled in accordance with the differential value of the active power. Secondary excitation control method for AC excitation synchronous machine. 4. A secondary excitation control of an AC excitation synchronous machine for variable speed operation of the AC excitation synchronous machine by controlling an excitation converter for exciting the secondary side of the AC excitation synchronous machine connected to the system. In the method, at least one of a method of controlling the excitation converter in proportion to active power on the power supply side of the system, and a method of controlling the excitation converter in accordance with a differential value of the active power. A secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine, characterized in that one of the methods is selected. 5. The excitation conversion according to claim 4, based on predetermined conditions such as the magnitude, period and phase of fluctuation of active power on the power supply side of the system, in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system. AC excitation synchronous machine, characterized in that at least one of the methods for controlling the transformer and the method for controlling the excitation converter according to the differentiated value of the active power is selected. Secondary excitation control method. 6. The proportional gain controlled by the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system according to claim 1, 3, 4 or 5, 2 of the AC excitation synchronous machine characterized in that it is made variable based on predetermined conditions such as the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the fluctuation of the
Secondary excitation control method. 7. The differential gain of the differential value for controlling the exciting converter according to the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system according to claim 2, 3, 4, or 5, A secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine, characterized in that it is varied based on predetermined conditions such as the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the fluctuation of active power on the power supply side. 8. The proportional gain controlled by the excitation converter in proportion to the active power on the power supply side of the system according to claim 3, 4 or 5, Of the differential value of the differential value that controls the excitation converter in accordance with the differential value of the active power on the power supply side of the system while changing the value based on predetermined conditions such as the size, period, phase, etc. A method of secondary excitation control of an AC excitation synchronous machine, characterized in that it is varied based on predetermined conditions such as the magnitude, period, phase, etc. of the fluctuation of active power of the above. 9. A system stabilizing device using the secondary excitation control method for an AC excitation synchronous machine according to claim 1.