JPH08105002A - Pavement with spacers on the side - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] To provide a paving stone (1) provided with spacers (12, 13) for forming a joint (22) of the same shape on the side surface. [Constitution] Butt face (4) of spacers (12, 13)
Have a shape such that they fit into adjacent stones in the pavement set (19). Complementary spacers (12, 1,
3) are provided on both sides (9, 11) of the pavement so as to be paired, have the same contour, and are shaped so as to fit with each other. Due to the shape of such spacers, the pavement in the pavement set (19) is fixed against parallel lateral movement.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pavement to be joined to a set of pavements, which can be laid on a grid covering the laying area of the pavement and has spacers on the side faces, and the spacers are adjacent to each other. The paving stone having an abutting surface for fitting with the abutting surface of the spacer.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various paving stones are known, for example DE3.
116540 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,494,266 disclose a pavement having an outer shell capable of engaging an adjacent pavement.
By engaging in this way, the pavement is fixed against lateral movement, so that the stability of the pavement joining made by laying such pavement is high.

The stability of pavement joints is improved by fitting the pavements, but joints that can be covered with grass or moss, for example for decorative purposes, cannot be provided between the pavements.
Furthermore, in the case of paving stones fitted in this way, rainwater cannot be discharged to the ground.

A pavement that combines the advantages of providing engaging teeth on the outer shell with the advantages of intermediate joints is EP0060961.
Proposed by B1. This pavement engages the adjacent pavement in the lower part of the outer shell, but the upper third part is stepped with respect to the lower part, and is a square shape smaller than the lower engaging part. Have. A walking surface is provided above the stepped portion of the quadrangle.

When the pavement is laid in a joined state, it is fixed against lateral movement by fitting teeth provided in the lower part, and a space for forming joints is provided in the upper part. . However, such a pavement has a problem that rainwater cannot be discharged to the ground because the entire outer shell of the lower part is fitted to each other.

On the other hand, a pavement provided with spacers for forming joints between the individual pavements is also well known, for example, DE8901920, DE8700821, EP0.
227144 and DE 8302622. When laying such a pavement in a joined state, the spacer is adapted to engage only with the abutting surface parallel to the side wall of the pavement. Accordingly, the spacers engage the abutting surfaces of the opposing spacers or the abutting surfaces of the adjacent pavement sidewalls.

In this case, a desired space is formed between the side walls of the pavement, but no means is provided for holding the pavement against movement parallel to the side walls. DE 8913777 discloses a pavement with spacers having inclined butt faces which are not parallel to the side faces for fixing the pavement against lateral movement.

[0008] Such a pavement is appropriately fixed to a lateral movement in the joined state, but even if the outer contour is a square, it has various side surfaces. Such a pavement is time-consuming both when it is produced and when it is laid in a joined state, and the required cost is high. Finally, paving stones with spacers having a matable outer structure are DE 9000928
-U or known from DE 3804760 A1,
Such a structure has a complicated arrangement method. Especially DE90
Paving stones according to 0092-U
It has to be laid very accurately.

[0009]

Therefore, according to the present invention, while uniform joints are formed and drainage is performed without problems,
It is an object to provide a paving stone that is fixed against lateral movement of the paving stone and is easy to lay at the same time.

[0010]

[Means and Action for Solving the Problems] These objects are a pavement to be fitted to a set of pavements, which can be laid on a grid covering an area, and which has spacers on its side surfaces, which spacers are adjacent to each other. Has an abutting surface for fitting to the abutting surface of the spacer of the pavement, the abutting surface of the spacer,
Spacer structures are provided for mating with complementary abutment surfaces of adjacent pavement spacers, and the abutment surfaces of all pavement spacers have stepped contours, which stepped contours are Achieved by paving stones oriented in the same direction as the direction of rotation.

Therefore, the pavement laid in a joined state, which is divided by the lattice covering the laying area, has a stepped abutment surface that fits into the complementary abutment surface of the spacer of the adjacent pavement. On the side. The abutment surface of each spacer has a spacer structure that engages the complementary abutment surface of an adjacent pavement spacer. The butting surface of the pavement is stepped in the same direction as the rotation direction.

Such a pavement is fixed against lateral movement by the spacers fitting together in a joined state. Therefore, the stability and loadability of the pavement joint are increased. Moreover, in the case of the pavement shape according to the invention, the advantages of using spacers are retained. That is, since the joints have a uniform width, water can be drained from the joints. Furthermore, the joints between the pavements can be decorated by any method according to the purpose of use. Therefore,
For example, the shape of the joint is not limited to the linear end portion. The boundary portion of the pavement can have any shape such as a curved shape or a sawtooth shape.

According to the invention, at least two spacers are provided on one side of the paving stone, and the same number of spacers are provided at equal intervals on the side complementary to this side. Therefore, there is an advantage that a single type of pavement stone can be cross-laid. The spacers provided on the one side surface and on the side surface complementary to the side surface are complementary to each other, and at the same time, the paired spacers are engaged with each other.

If the pavement is decoratively laid in a mosaic state in a joined state as needed, pavement of various sizes is required. In such cases, it is preferable to use paving stones sized to occupy an integer number of grid elements in the joined state. In order to form a grid covering the laid area, it is preferable that the pavement has a parallelogram outer shape, apart from the spacer. The individual grid elements forming the grid are likewise preferably parallelograms, each side of which extends out of the pavement to half the joint width on both sides.

For example, if spacers facing each other on both sides are provided at the same height along the side wall, a so-called cross pavement of pavement is possible. That is, the adjacent pavement stones are arranged in a straight line without making a step difference from each other. Even when the grid lines do not intersect at 90 degrees, it is naturally possible to form a cross.

At least two spacers provided on the same side wall have similar butting surfaces and are mounted so as to be spaced from the side wall at the same distance. The distance between the abutting surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the side wall is selected in this case to be equal to the length of one grid element divided by the number of spacers provided per grid element.

Such paving stones are so-called longitudinally laid, and one row of paving stones has a step difference from the next row of paving stones. When paving stones of the same size are laid in a joined state, the number of spacers provided on the side wall as described above determines the possibility of step difference in the direction of the side wall.

The side walls of the pavement according to the present invention have 180
If it is designed to be symmetrical with respect to a degree rotation,
It is possible to save the labor at the time of production, and at the same time, to provide the pavement in a bonded state in two orientations. This is particularly advantageous when the pavement is rectangular, and requires less labor for fitting when joining the pavement.

If the pavement is a very precise parallelogram, for example a rectangle, various spacers can be provided on the sides. As a result, if desired, the two intersecting joints can have different widths. However,
The joints generally have the same width.

The square pavement is preferably symmetrical about a 90 degree rotation. Such paving stones can be oriented arbitrarily at the joint. The abutting surfaces of the spacers provided on the pavement according to the present invention are adapted to be joined to the partially laid pavement set by moving it laterally in the horizontal plane of the pavement set. This is especially important if the pavement is newly adjoined by a pavement already laid along two intersecting grid lines. Pavements joined by moving to a partially laid pavement set fit two adjacent pavement walls. Thus, the pavement according to the invention is advantageous in many respects, in particular when the pavement is mechanically joined and fitted together, as it is attached to the set of pavements that are partially laid from above. .

In the pavement according to the invention, the stepped abutment surface of the spacer is made up of two regions which are substantially parallel to the side wall on which the spacer is mounted. These regions are staggered, i.e. different in distance from the side wall, and are connected to each other by planes that are inclined or perpendicular to the side wall, which is a plane. In the joined state, the paving stones are in contact with each other only at the portions corresponding to the abutting surfaces of the spacers. Each spacer protrudes from the center line or grid line of the joint. In this case, the center line divides a region that is not parallel to the side wall, that is, the inclined surface.

The inclined surfaces are inclined so that when the side wall of the pavement rotates around the outer contour of the pavement in a predetermined rotation direction, all of the inclined surfaces face upward or downward. Therefore, the abutting surface has a shape that can always be fitted to the set of paving stones partially laid as described above.

Other shapes are possible, but in any shape, the range of angles that can be fitted to an adjacent pavement sidewall by laterally moving the pavement sidewall is limited to the adjacent pavement sidewall. The push-in angles must overlap. This point will be described in detail in Examples.

[0024]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a substantially cubic pavement 1 according to the invention has a square walking surface 2 and side spacers 3, the side spacers 3 having stepped abutment surfaces 4.
The abutting surface 4 has two regions 5, 6 parallel to the side walls and an inclined surface 7 connecting these regions. Two spacers 3 are attached to each of the side walls 8 to 11 at a distance d from each other, but in this embodiment, the distance d is equal on all four side walls 8 to 11.

Spacers 1 having complementary shapes
2 and 13 form a pair, and are provided at the same height h in the longitudinal direction of both side surfaces 9 and 11 of the pavement 1. The two butting surfaces 14, 15 of the complementary spacers 12, 13 are paired and have the same shape. Further, in this embodiment, the abutting surfaces 14 and 15 are symmetrical with respect to the rotation of the pavement 1 by 180 degrees. Thus, the spacers 12, 13 and 16, 1
The two side walls 9 and 11 each having 7 are made symmetrical with respect to the rotation of the pavement 1 by 180 degrees.

In this embodiment, the pavement 1 which is a cube has a square, parallelogram or rectangular outline as is apparent from the walking surface 2, and the four side walls 8 to 11 have the same shape. Since the pavement 1 is symmetrical about a 90 degree rotation, the side walls 9 to 11 of the pavement 1 can engage the side walls 9 to 11 of the adjacent pavement, respectively.

For example, in FIG. 4, when the contour of the pavement 1 follows in a predetermined rotation direction, the inclined surfaces 7 that are not parallel to the side walls are all facing upward or downward with respect to the side walls 8 to 11 to which they are attached. Is inclined to become. In FIG. 4, when rotating clockwise, all of the ramps 7 face downwards with respect to the side walls 8 to 11 to which they are attached.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show the longitudinal and cross pavement of the pavement 1 of this embodiment, respectively. In this embodiment, the rectangular grid is formed from square grid elements, the grid lines R of which are illustrated by the dotted lines. The mating surfaces 15, 14 of the pair of complementary spacers 12, 13 provided on the two opposite side walls 9, 11 have the same shape, so that the paving stones can be engaged by a common interface 4 with each other. .

Since the inclined surface 7 is provided, the pair of complementary spacers 12 and 13 can be fitted to each other.
Therefore, the stability of the paving stone sets 19, 21 is increased and the individual paving stones are fixed against lateral movement. Further, since the abutting surface 4 is step-shaped, the paving stone 1 is moved laterally as shown by an arrow P or Q in FIG. It is possible to connect via its two side walls at the same time when it is introduced into. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, when the pavement 1 is rotated around the outer periphery in a predetermined rotation direction, the inclined surface 7 of the abutting surface 4 is directed upward or downward with respect to the side walls 8 to 11. Since it is inclined to, the above-mentioned engagement is possible. For example, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, when the pavement 1 rotates clockwise around the contour, the inclined surfaces 7 are all downwards with respect to the side walls 8 to 11.

As shown in FIG. 6, the two corner stones 18, 20 can be fitted into the paving stone set 21 by moving them from their position in the paving stone set 21 in the direction of arrow P or Q. It is clear that there is. For example, the lower left corner stone 18 can be pushed into the paving stone set 21 from the bottom in the direction of the arrow P, and the lower right corner stone 20 can be fitted from the right in the direction of the arrow Q. The pavement is secured to the pavement set as soon as it engages another pavement on at least two side walls. The same can be said for a set 19 of paving stones assembled in a longitudinal direction as shown in FIG.

Spacers 12, 1 in paving stone set 19
3 protrudes from the center line 23 of the joint 22. Center line 2
3 divides the region 7 which is not parallel to the side wall of each abutting surface 4 of the spacers 12, 13. The center line 23 of the joint 22 coincides with the grid line R in this embodiment. Although not necessarily limited to such a structure, since the sidewalls 8 to 11 of the pavement 1 are square sides in this embodiment, the spacers 3 all have the same shape. For example, when the side walls 8 to 11 are curved, the joint 22 is also curved, so that the center line 23 of the joint 22 does not coincide with the straight grid line R.

As shown in FIG. 5, for example, the distance d between the two spacers provided on the side wall 9 is the sum of the length L of the side wall and the width F of the joint 22, that is, the length L of the lattice element. _R
Is half (d = L _R / 2). Therefore, two different installations are possible along the side wall. One corresponds to a long bed as shown in FIG. 5, and the other is a cross bed as shown in FIG. When three spacers are provided on the side wall 9,
Each spacing d would have to be one third of the length L _R of the grid element (d = L _R / 3). In this case, three types of laying are possible.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a state in which the pavement stones 1 are arranged on a set 21 of pavement stones partially laid in a cross. The rectangular pavement 24 is shown as a stone that spans two grid elements, but may be a feldspar that occupies more than two grid elements. By moving laterally, the paving stone 25 is moved to the adjacent paving stone at the side walls 8, 9 as is apparent from the newly joined paving stone 25 and the two curbs 26, 27 shown in FIG. At the same time as they are engaged, they are joined to the pavement set 21 laid in the cross in the lattice element 28.

The pavement 25 engages the pavement 26 at the sidewall 8 by moving it in any direction within the angular range α. The angular range α is determined by the shape of the abutting surface of the spacer. In this embodiment, the angle range α corresponds to an angle formed by the inclined surface 7 and the regions 5 and 6 which are stepwise and parallel to the side wall.

The pavement 25 is likewise engageable with the adjacent pavement 27 by the side wall 9 within the plunge angle range β. The pushing angle range β is determined in the same manner as the angle range α. When the pavement 25 is fitted on the side walls 8 and 9 simultaneously to the side wall 30 of the pavement 31 and the side wall 29 of the pavement 24, a common angle range γ formed by overlapping the angle ranges α and β
Can be fitted by moving laterally at. Therefore, the pavement 25 can be joined to the grid element 28 by moving laterally in any direction within the angular range.

FIG. 8 shows a pavement set 32 together with a square grid R. In this embodiment, a plurality of pavements 33-38 of various sizes are used. The smallest pavement 33 occupies one grid area, while the largest pavement 38 occupies a total of 12 grid elements. However, the pavements 33 to 38 laid in the pavement set 32 all occupy an integer grid element. A pavement set 32 is also possible, where the smallest pavement occupies a plurality of grid elements.

In the present invention, pavement combinations and pavement shapes are also possible in which the grid elements are neither square nor rectangular. For example, a hexagon, a triangle, a parallelogram, a rhombus, etc. forming a honeycomb-like structure covering the laying region are also possible.

[0038]

According to the present invention, the abutting surfaces of the spacers are shaped to fit adjacent stones at a pavement joint, and the complementary spacers are paired on opposite sides of the pavement. Provided, having the same contour, and shaped to fit together. Thus, by virtue of such a spacer shape, the pavement can be fixed against parallel lateral movements.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a paving stone according to the present invention.

2 is a side view of the pavement shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the pavement shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the pavement shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state where the pavement shown in FIG. 1 is laid in a longitudinal direction.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the pavement shown in FIG. 1 is laid in a cross shape.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which a pavement stone is newly fitted to a cross cloth.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a state in which pavements of various shapes are joined.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 18, 20, 24-27, 31, 33-38 Pavement 2 Walking surface 3, 12, 13, 16, 17 Spacer 4, 14, 15 Butt face 5, 6 Parallel side surface 7 Slope 8-11, 29, 30 Side wall 19, 21, 32 Paving stone assembly 22 Joint 23 Center line 28 Lattice element

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A pavement fitted to a set of pavements (19, 21), which can be laid on a grid covering an area and has spacers (3) on its side surfaces, said spacers (3) being adjacent to each other. Has an abutting surface (4) for fitting with the abutting surface (4) of the pavement spacer (3), and the abutting surface (4) of the spacer (3) has an abutting surface (4) adjacent to it. 3) A spacer structure (5, 6, 7) is provided for mating with the complementary abutment surface (4), the abutment surface (4) of all pavement spacers has a stepped outer contour. A pavement in which the stepped outer shell is oriented in the same direction as the rotation direction of the pavement. 2. Side wall provided with at least two spacers (12, 17) on one side wall (9), the same number of spacers (16, 13) complementing the paving stone side wall (9) at the same distance. The pavement according to claim 1, which is provided in (11). 3. A pavement according to claim 1 or 2, adapted to occupy an integer number of grid elements. 4. The paving stone according to claim 1, wherein the outer contour is a parallelogram except the spacer (3). 5. Spacers (12, 13) are provided on both side walls (9, 11) so as to face each other at the same height with respect to the length of the side walls (9, 11). Pavement. 6. At least two spacers (12, 13) provided on the side wall (9) are provided with the same abutting surface (4), the spacing of the abutting surface (4) on the side wall being one grating element. Spacers (12, 1) provided to
A pavement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is equal to the length of the grid element divided by the number of 7). 7. Both side walls (9, 11) are made of pavement (1) 18
The pavement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is provided so as to be symmetrical with respect to a rotation of 0 degree. 8. The method according to claim 1, which has a rectangular outer shell.
Pavement described in any of. 9. The pavement according to claim 1, wherein cross-shaped joints having the same width are formed by providing similar spacers on the side surfaces of the pavement laid in a cross shape. 10. The pavement according to claim 1, which has a square outer shape so as to be symmetrical with respect to a rotation of 90 degrees. 11. The paving stone (25) is fixed to a set (21) of paving stones partially laid along two intersecting grid lines by moving the paving stone (25) laterally. At the same time, the abutment surface (4) of the spacer (3) is formed so as to be joined to the side walls (8, 9) of the adjacent pavement in the set of pavement (21). Pavement described in. 12. The step-like abutting surface (4) has two steps (5, 6), said steps (5, 6) being substantially parallel.
Spaced from the side wall and connected to each other by an inclined plane or a vertical plane (7), said inclined plane (7)
12. The pavement according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the pavement is inclined so that when the pavement rotates around the outer edge of the pavement in the direction of rotation of the pavement, the pavement is either all upward or all downward. . 13. A spacer (3) crosses a centerline (23) of a joint (22), which divides a plane (7) which is not parallel to the side wall of the abutment surface (4) of the spacer (3), The height perpendicular to the side wall of the plane is divided in half.
The paving stone according to any one of 1 to 12. 14. Each spacer (3) is provided in a block shape on a side surface (8, 9, 10, 11) of the pavement (2), and an intermediate surface (39, 40) perpendicular to the side surface or the inclined surface is provided. 13. Pavement according to claim 12, which is connected to the steps (5, 6). 15. The pavement (2) at the lower end of the spacer (3)
13. The upper end of the spacer (3) is aligned with the lower end (42) of the pavement and is spaced from the upper end (41) of the pavement by a distance corresponding to 1/5 of the height of the pavement. Or the pavement described in 14.