JPH0797694A - Method for dissolving and removing iron oxide scale - Google Patents
Method for dissolving and removing iron oxide scaleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0797694A JPH0797694A JP22009593A JP22009593A JPH0797694A JP H0797694 A JPH0797694 A JP H0797694A JP 22009593 A JP22009593 A JP 22009593A JP 22009593 A JP22009593 A JP 22009593A JP H0797694 A JPH0797694 A JP H0797694A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- iron oxide
- oxide scale
- reducing agent
- cleaning solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/088—Iron or steel solutions containing organic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は原子力プラントやボイラ
プラントなどに発生する酸化鉄スケールを溶解して除去
する酸化鉄スケールの溶解除去方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for dissolving and removing iron oxide scale by dissolving and removing iron oxide scale generated in nuclear power plants, boiler plants and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】原子炉の一次系や二次系、火力発電ボイ
ラなどには、運転を通してマグネタイト等の酸化鉄スケ
ールが付着生成する。このようなスケールが付着する
と、熱伝導が阻害されて熱効率が低下したり、管材表面
温度を上昇させて管材を損傷させたり、あるいは腐食を
促進させて安全性に影響を及ぼすなどの問題が生じる。
このため有機酸または無機酸を用いた化学洗浄によるス
ケールの溶解除去が一般に行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Iron oxide scale such as magnetite adheres to and is generated in a primary system, a secondary system, a thermal power generation boiler, etc. of a nuclear reactor during operation. If such scales adhere, problems such as heat conduction being impaired and thermal efficiency being lowered, pipe material surface temperature being raised to damage the pipe material, or corrosion being promoted and affecting safety will occur. .
Therefore, the scale is generally dissolved and removed by chemical cleaning using an organic acid or an inorganic acid.
【０００３】酸化鉄は還元性の条件下で溶解が促進され
るため、酸液特に溶解速度の低い有機酸を用いる場合
は、チオグリコール酸、ヒドラジン、アスコルビン酸、
エリソルビン酸などの還元剤を添加して酸化鉄スケール
を溶解除去する方法が実用化されている（例えば特開昭
５０−３３９３３号）。しかしこの方法では、還元剤だ
けの酸化鉄還元能力を利用して酸化鉄を溶解するため、
酸化鉄の溶解反応は還元剤の還元能力に律速され、溶解
速度特に低温における溶解速度が遅いという問題点があ
る。Since iron oxide is accelerated in dissolution under reducing conditions, thioglycolic acid, hydrazine, ascorbic acid, etc. are used when an acid solution, particularly an organic acid having a low dissolution rate, is used.
A method for dissolving and removing iron oxide scale by adding a reducing agent such as erythorbic acid has been put into practical use (for example, JP-A-50-33933). However, in this method, iron oxide is dissolved by utilizing the iron oxide reducing ability of only the reducing agent,
The dissolution reaction of iron oxide is limited by the reducing ability of the reducing agent, and there is a problem that the dissolution rate is low, especially at low temperatures.
【０００４】また、特公昭５５−５４００号には、クエ
ン酸などの有機酸の溶解力を高めるために、硫酸第一鉄
などの第一鉄塩を添加した酸液を用いて酸化鉄スケール
を溶解除去する方法が提案されている。しかしこの公報
には、他の還元剤を併用することは示唆されておらず、
単に第一鉄塩を添加するだけでは、満足のいく溶解速度
は得られない。In Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-5400, an iron oxide scale is prepared by using an acid solution to which a ferrous salt such as ferrous sulfate is added in order to enhance the solubility of organic acids such as citric acid. A method of dissolving and removing has been proposed. However, this publication does not suggest the combined use of other reducing agents,
A mere addition of ferrous salt does not give a satisfactory dissolution rate.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、酸化
鉄の溶解速度が高く、低温でも速やかに酸化鉄スケール
を溶解除去することができる酸化鉄スケールの溶解除去
方法を提案することである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to propose a method for dissolving and removing iron oxide scale, which has a high dissolution rate of iron oxide and can rapidly dissolve and remove iron oxide scale even at low temperature. .
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、第一鉄イオン
および／または第一銅イオンと、酸と、還元剤とを含む
洗浄液を、酸化鉄スケールと接触させることを特徴とす
る酸化鉄スケールの溶解除去方法である。The present invention is characterized in that a cleaning solution containing ferrous ions and / or cuprous ions, an acid, and a reducing agent is brought into contact with an iron oxide scale. This is a method for dissolving and removing scale.
【０００７】本発明で溶解除去の対象となる酸化鉄スケ
ールは、マグネタイトなど、３価の酸化鉄を含むスケー
ルである。３価の酸化鉄を主体とするものが洗浄対象と
して適しており、３価の酸化鉄のほかに他の成分が含ま
れていてもよい。このような酸化鉄スケールは、原子力
プラント、ボイラプラントなどに生成するものが一般的
であるが、他のプラント等に生成するものも洗浄の対象
となる。The iron oxide scale to be dissolved and removed in the present invention is a scale containing trivalent iron oxide such as magnetite. Those containing trivalent iron oxide as a main component are suitable for cleaning, and other components may be contained in addition to the trivalent iron oxide. Such iron oxide scale is generally produced in a nuclear power plant, a boiler plant, etc., but the iron oxide scale produced in other plants is also the object of cleaning.
【０００８】本発明で使用する酸は有機酸でも無機酸で
もよいが、原子力プラントのように特に安全性が要求さ
れる場合は有機酸の方が好ましい。有機酸としては、グ
リコール酸、マロン酸、クエン酸等のカルボン酸；エチ
レンジアミン四酢酸（ＥＤＴＡ）等のアミノポリカルボ
ン酸；１−ヒドロキシエチリデン−１，１−ジホスホン
酸等の有機ホスホン酸などがあげられる。無機酸として
は、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸などがあげられる。洗浄液中の酸
の濃度は１重量％以上、好ましくは３〜５重量％となる
ように溶解させるのが望ましい。The acid used in the present invention may be either an organic acid or an inorganic acid, but the organic acid is preferred when safety is particularly required as in a nuclear power plant. Examples of the organic acid include carboxylic acids such as glycolic acid, malonic acid and citric acid; aminopolycarboxylic acids such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); organic phosphonic acids such as 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid. To be Examples of the inorganic acid include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like. It is desirable to dissolve the acid so that the concentration of the acid in the cleaning liquid is 1% by weight or more, preferably 3 to 5% by weight.
【０００９】第一鉄イオン（Ｆｅ2+）は、硫酸第一鉄、
塩化第一鉄などの可溶性の第一鉄塩や、酸化第一鉄、鉄
粉などを溶解させるなどの方法により、洗浄液中に存在
させることができる。洗浄液中の第一鉄イオンの濃度
は、第一鉄イオンを単独で使用する場合５０〜１０００
ｍｇ／ｌ、好ましくは１００〜５００ｍｇ／ｌ、第一銅
イオンを共存させる場合５０〜１０００ｍｇ／ｌ、好ま
しくは１００〜５００ｍｇ／ｌとするのが望ましい。Ferrous ion (Fe 2+ ) is ferrous sulfate,
It can be present in the cleaning liquid by a method of dissolving a soluble ferrous salt such as ferrous chloride, ferrous oxide, iron powder or the like. The concentration of ferrous ions in the cleaning liquid is 50 to 1000 when ferrous ions are used alone.
mg / l, preferably 100 to 500 mg / l, and when cuprous ions coexist, 50 to 1000 mg / l, preferably 100 to 500 mg / l is desirable.
【００１０】第一銅イオン（Ｃｕ+）は、酸化第一銅、
炭酸第一銅、塩化第一銅、硫酸第一銅などを溶解させる
ことにより、洗浄液中に存在させることができる。洗浄
液中の第一銅イオンの濃度は、第一銅イオンを単独で使
用する場合５０〜１０００ｍｇ／ｌ、好ましくは１００
〜５００ｍｇ／ｌ、第一鉄イオンを共存させる場合５０
〜１０００ｍｇ／ｌ、好ましくは１００〜５００ｍｇ／
ｌとするのが望ましい。Cuprous ions (Cu + ) are cuprous oxide,
It can be present in the cleaning liquid by dissolving cuprous carbonate, cuprous chloride, cuprous sulfate and the like. The concentration of cuprous ion in the cleaning liquid is 50 to 1000 mg / l, preferably 100 when cuprous ion is used alone.
~ 500 mg / l, when coexisting with ferrous ions 50
~ 1000 mg / l, preferably 100-500 mg /
It is desirable to set it as l.
【００１１】本発明で使用する還元剤としては、アルコ
ルビン酸、チオグリコール酸、ヒドラジンなど、第二鉄
イオンまたは第二銅イオンを第一鉄イオンまたは第一銅
イオンに還元できる還元剤があげられる。洗浄液中の還
元剤の濃度は０．５重量％以上、好ましくは１〜３重量
％となるように溶解させるのが望ましい。Examples of the reducing agent used in the present invention include reducing agents capable of reducing ferric ion or cupric ion to ferrous ion or cuprous ion such as ascorbic acid, thioglycolic acid and hydrazine. . It is desirable to dissolve the reducing agent in the cleaning solution so that the concentration of the reducing agent is 0.5% by weight or more, preferably 1 to 3% by weight.
【００１２】このような洗浄液はＦｅ2Ｏ3、Ｆｅ3Ｏ4な
どの酸化鉄スケールの溶解力に優れており、洗浄液を酸
化鉄スケールと接触させることにより低温で、例えば常
温〜６０℃で、酸化鉄スケールを溶解除去することがで
きる。接触方法は特に限定されず、例えば原子力プラン
ト、ボイラプラントまたは一般プラントなどで酸化鉄ス
ケールが生成した系に洗浄液を導入して循環する方法な
どが採用できる。Such a cleaning solution has an excellent dissolving power for iron oxide scales such as Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 , and the cleaning solution is brought into contact with the iron oxide scale at a low temperature, for example, room temperature to 60 ° C. The iron oxide scale can be dissolved and removed. The contact method is not particularly limited, and for example, a method in which a cleaning liquid is introduced into a system in which iron oxide scale is produced in a nuclear plant, a boiler plant, a general plant or the like and is circulated can be adopted.
【００１３】本発明の方法により酸化鉄スケールが低温
で速やかに溶解される理由は明確ではないが、次のよう
な反応が進行しているものと推定される。酸化鉄スケー
ルがマグネタイトの場合について説明する。 １）還元性の第一鉄イオンまたは第一銅イオンがマグネ
タイトの還元溶解を開始する。この場合、第一鉄イオン
または第一銅イオンは溶解反応開始剤の役割を担うこと
になり、溶解反応が促進される。この反応は式〔１〕で
示される。The reason why the iron oxide scale is rapidly dissolved at low temperature by the method of the present invention is not clear, but it is presumed that the following reaction is in progress. The case where the iron oxide scale is magnetite will be described. 1) Reducing ferrous iron or cuprous ion initiates reductive dissolution of magnetite. In this case, the ferrous ion or cuprous ion plays a role of a dissolution reaction initiator, and the dissolution reaction is promoted. This reaction is represented by the formula [1].
【化１】 [Chemical 1]
【００１４】２）式〔１〕の反応によって酸化されて生
成した酸化性の第二鉄イオンまたは第二銅イオンＭｅ
(n+1)+が還元剤で還元されて、還元性の第一鉄イオンま
たは第一銅イオンＭｅn+が再生される。この反応は式
〔２〕で示される。2) Oxidative ferric ion or cupric ion Me formed by oxidation by the reaction of the formula [1]
(n + 1) + is reduced with a reducing agent to regenerate the reducing ferrous iron or cuprous ion Me n + . This reaction is represented by formula [2].
【化２】 [Chemical 2]
【００１５】３）式〔２〕の反応によって再生された還
元性の第一鉄イオンまたは第一銅イオンＭｅn+が再び式
〔１〕の反応に供給される。3) The reducing ferrous iron or cuprous ion Me n + regenerated by the reaction of the formula [2] is supplied again to the reaction of the formula [1].
【００１６】このように本発明では、酸化鉄スケールが
アスコルビン酸などの還元剤により直接還元されて溶解
するのではなく、第一鉄イオンまたは第一銅イオンが溶
解反応開始剤ないし触媒として作用し、上記のような反
応サイクルを形成して、酸化鉄スケールの還元溶解反応
を著しく促進するものと推定される。As described above, in the present invention, the iron oxide scale is not directly reduced by a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid and dissolved, but the ferrous ion or cuprous ion acts as a dissolution reaction initiator or catalyst. It is presumed that the reaction cycle as described above is formed to remarkably accelerate the reduction dissolution reaction of iron oxide scale.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上の通り、本発明によれば、第一鉄イ
オンおよび／または第一銅イオンと、酸と、還元剤とを
含む洗浄液を酸化鉄スケールと接触させるようにしたの
で、酸化鉄の溶解速度が高く、低温でも速やかに酸化鉄
スケールを溶解除去することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, the cleaning solution containing the ferrous ion and / or the cuprous ion, the acid, and the reducing agent is brought into contact with the iron oxide scale. The dissolution rate of iron is high, and the iron oxide scale can be rapidly dissolved and removed even at a low temperature.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】次に本発明の実施例について説明する。各例
中、％は重量％を示す。 実施例１ マロン酸３．５％、アスコルビン酸１．５％およびＣｕ
2Ｏ ０．１％を含む洗浄液にマグネタイト（Ｆｅ
3Ｏ4）を１０ｇ／ｌの割合で投入した。次に窒素ガスで
シールした後、４０℃の条件で攪拌法によりマグネタイ
トの溶解試験を行った。EXAMPLES Next, examples of the present invention will be described. In each example,% indicates% by weight. Example 1 Malonic acid 3.5%, ascorbic acid 1.5% and Cu
A cleaning solution containing 0.1% of 2 O contains magnetite (Fe
3 O 4 ) was added at a rate of 10 g / l. Next, after sealing with nitrogen gas, a dissolution test of magnetite was conducted by a stirring method under the condition of 40 ° C.
【００１９】また対照として、マロン酸３．５％および
アスコルビン酸１．５％を含み、Ｃｕ2Ｏを含まない洗
浄液（金属イオン無添加）、またはマロン酸５％および
ＦｅＳＯ4・７Ｈ2Ｏ １％を含み、アスコルビン酸を含
まない洗浄液（還元剤無添加）を用いて、４０℃または
６０℃で上記と同様のマグネタイトの溶解試験を行っ
た。経過時間と溶出Ｆｅイオン量との関係を図１に示
す。As a control, a cleaning solution containing 3.5% malonic acid and 1.5% ascorbic acid and containing no Cu 2 O (no metal ion added), or 5% malonic acid and FeSO 4 .7H 2 O 1 %, And a cleaning solution containing no ascorbic acid (no reducing agent added) was used to conduct the same dissolution test of magnetite at 40 ° C. or 60 ° C. as described above. FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the elapsed time and the amount of eluted Fe ions.
【００２０】図１の結果から、マロン酸およびアスコル
ビン酸の混合水溶液にＣｕ+を添加すると、マグネタイ
トの溶解速度が著しく促進されることがわかる。また４
０℃でＣｕ+を添加した場合のマグネタイトの溶解性能
は、Ｃｕ+を添加しない場合の６０℃の溶解性能に相当
することがわかる。さらに、アスコルビン酸（還元剤）
を加えない場合は、マグネタイトの溶解性は不良である
ことがわかる。From the results shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that when Cu + is added to the mixed aqueous solution of malonic acid and ascorbic acid, the dissolution rate of magnetite is remarkably accelerated. Again 4
It can be seen that the dissolution performance of magnetite when Cu + is added at 0 ° C corresponds to the dissolution performance of 60 ° C when Cu + is not added. In addition, ascorbic acid (reducing agent)
It can be seen that the solubility of magnetite is poor when no is added.
【００２１】実施例２ ＥＤＴＡ３．５％、アスコルビン酸１．５％および下記
添加物０．１％を含む洗浄液を用いて、実施例１と同様
にしてマグネタイトの溶解試験を行った。 （添加物） Ｃｕ2Ｏ ＦｅＳＯ4・７Ｈ2Ｏ また対照として、ＥＤＴＡ３．５％およびアスコルビン
酸１．５％を含み、添加物を含まない洗浄液（金属イオ
ン無添加）を用いて、４０℃または６０℃で上記と同様
のマグネタイトの溶出試験を行った。結果を図２に示
す。Example 2 A magnetite dissolution test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 using a cleaning solution containing EDTA 3.5%, ascorbic acid 1.5% and the following additive 0.1%. (Additive) Cu 2 O FeSO 4 .7H 2 O As a control, a cleaning solution containing EDTA 3.5% and ascorbic acid 1.5% and containing no additive (metal ion-free) was used at 40 ° C. or The same dissolution test of magnetite was performed at 60 ° C. The results are shown in Figure 2.
【００２２】図２の結果から、ＥＤＴＡおよびアスコル
ビン酸の混合水溶液にＣｕ+またはＦｅ2+を添加する
と、マグネタイトの溶解速度は著しく促進されることが
わかる。From the results shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that when Cu + or Fe 2+ is added to the mixed aqueous solution of EDTA and ascorbic acid, the dissolution rate of magnetite is remarkably accelerated.
【図１】実施例１の結果を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of Example 1.
【図２】実施例２の結果を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of Example 2.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｇ２１Ｆ 9/28 9117−2Ｇ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location G21F 9/28 9117-2G
Claims (1)
ンと、酸と、還元剤とを含む洗浄液を、酸化鉄スケール
と接触させることを特徴とする酸化鉄スケールの溶解除
去方法。1. A method for dissolving and removing iron oxide scale, which comprises contacting a cleaning solution containing ferrous ions and / or cuprous ions, an acid, and a reducing agent with the iron oxide scale.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22009593A JP3287074B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1993-09-03 | Dissolution removal method of iron oxide scale |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22009593A JP3287074B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1993-09-03 | Dissolution removal method of iron oxide scale |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0797694A true JPH0797694A (en) | 1995-04-11 |
| JP3287074B2 JP3287074B2 (en) | 2002-05-27 |
Family
ID=16745853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22009593A Expired - Fee Related JP3287074B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1993-09-03 | Dissolution removal method of iron oxide scale |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3287074B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000028112A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-18 | Framatome Anf Gmbh | Method for decontaminating the surface of a component |
| JP2006268969A (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-10-05 | Hoya Corp | Method for manufacturing glass substrate for magnetic disk and method for manufacturing magnetic disk |
| JP2009300387A (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Iron oxide removing method for circulation pump in secondary system of pressurized water type nuclear power plant, and secondary system of pressurized water type nuclear power plant |
| US8647445B1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2014-02-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for cleaning semiconductor devices and/or tooling during manufacturing thereof |
| JP2014142328A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-07 | Korea Atomic Energy Research Inst | Complexing agent non-containing chemical decontamination agent for metal surface adherence radioactive contamination oxide film removal, and chemical decontamination method using the same |
| KR20150048681A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-05-07 | 한국원자력연구원 | Chelate free chemical decontamination reagent for removal of the dense radioactive oxide layer on the metal surface and chemical decontamination method using the same |
| US9058976B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2015-06-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Cleaning composition and process for cleaning semiconductor devices and/or tooling during manufacturing thereof |
| JP2019099869A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-24 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Washing equipment and washing method |
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| MY172318A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2019-11-21 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Cleaning fluid for semiconductor, and cleaning method using the same |
| JP6494362B2 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2019-04-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Dissolution removal composition |
-
1993
- 1993-09-03 JP JP22009593A patent/JP3287074B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000028112A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-18 | Framatome Anf Gmbh | Method for decontaminating the surface of a component |
| US6444276B2 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 2002-09-03 | Framatome Anp Gmbh | Method for decontaminating a surface of a component |
| JP2006268969A (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-10-05 | Hoya Corp | Method for manufacturing glass substrate for magnetic disk and method for manufacturing magnetic disk |
| US8127433B2 (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2012-03-06 | Hoya Corporation | Method of manufacturing a glass substrate for magnetic disk |
| JP2009300387A (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Iron oxide removing method for circulation pump in secondary system of pressurized water type nuclear power plant, and secondary system of pressurized water type nuclear power plant |
| US8647445B1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2014-02-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for cleaning semiconductor devices and/or tooling during manufacturing thereof |
| US9058976B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2015-06-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Cleaning composition and process for cleaning semiconductor devices and/or tooling during manufacturing thereof |
| JP2014142328A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-07 | Korea Atomic Energy Research Inst | Complexing agent non-containing chemical decontamination agent for metal surface adherence radioactive contamination oxide film removal, and chemical decontamination method using the same |
| US11289232B2 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2022-03-29 | Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute | Chemical decontamination method using chelate free chemical decontamination reagent for removal of the dense radioactive oxide layer on the metal surface |
| KR20150048681A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-05-07 | 한국원자력연구원 | Chelate free chemical decontamination reagent for removal of the dense radioactive oxide layer on the metal surface and chemical decontamination method using the same |
| JP2019099869A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-24 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Washing equipment and washing method |
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|---|---|
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