JPH0772481B2 - Turbine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to turbines.

A conventional turbine has a basic principle that a working fluid accelerated by a nozzle fixed to a casing is jetted toward a blade to obtain a particularly high speed rotation.
According to this principle, there is a big drawback that it cannot be put to practical use unless the rotation speed of the shaft is reduced by the speed reducer to obtain low speed and high torque. Next, the positive torque generated on the concave R surface of the blade and the convex R of the blade acting against the rotational direction of the blade
The negative torque generated on the surface (back surface) and the negative torque generated by the negative torque cancel each other. In the case of the Curtis turbine, the rotating blades and the fluid serve as walls of the fluid and have a large flow resistance. Furthermore, since the casing and the periphery of the blade have a structure that requires a large amount of space, a large amount of unused working fluid is prevented from flowing out. Further, since the reduction gear is required, the interference resistance of the gear tooth profile of the reduction gear greatly hinders the efficiency of the turbine. Besides, the mechanical loss due to the speed governor and the like is large, and the manufacturing cost of the turbine is increased by these auxiliary machines. Despite these drawbacks, the reason why it is used for power generation is that it is the most suitable engine for power generation that requires long-term operation because it has a high proportion of thermal efficiency and does not have a sliding part that causes failure. Has become. In this respect, we cannot find a prime mover to replace the turbine.

The greatest feature of the present invention is to use the working fluid which is already in a coil state. An example similar to the principle of the turbine (screw turbine) of the present invention is associated with a spinning top (top) around which a string is wound. The coma means the rotor and the string means the fluid. The string can be wrapped around the body of the top as it turns and can be turned with great force. This means that a large rotational force can be obtained by the working fluid in the coil state. The present invention is a turbine based on such a principle, and the turbine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a coil-shaped screw groove 1 _{2 is} formed on the inner wall surface of the casing 1 _1.
(Round round or trapezoidal screw, square screw)
A screw groove 2 ₂ (open circle or trapezoidal screw, square screw) with the same pitch as the casing is dug as a means to efficiently give the rotor 2 ₁ rotational energy flowing in a coil state through the screw groove 1 ₂ of 1 _1. The blades 2 ₃ are arranged in a lattice on the rotor 2 ₁
The rotation energy of the fluid, which is injected from the inlet port 3 ₂ of the casing 1 ₁ and is continuously coiled to flow in the output shaft direction of 5, is applied to the rotor having the screw groove 2 ₂ and the blades 2 ₃ to the outlet port 4 ₂ . It reaches. If the rotor 2 _first inlet 3 ₂ providing 2-3 places as a means to obtain a smooth rotation also. A description will be given of the motion of the fluid flowing through the thread groove of the turbine of the present invention. The thread groove 2 ₂ and the thread 2 _{4 which} move by the lead (pitch) of the thread by the rotation of the rotor are the thread groove of the casing 1 _{1 in} the stopped state. By overlapping each thread groove and thread with 1 ₂ and thread 1 _3, it becomes a rotary valve / nozzle having one cycle per rotation and imparts impulse energy by intermittent injection to the rotor 2 ₁ . Valve caused overlap each thread groove and thread are rotary valves if they overlap the screw groove 2 ₂ and the groove comrades screw groove 1 ₂ and the rotor 2 ₁ of the casing 1 ₁ is in an open, screw groove 1 of the casing 1 ₁ If it overlaps with the thread 2 ₄ of ₂ and the rotor 2 ₁ , it will be in an imperfect closed state, but this work differs according to the width of the thread. As shown in FIG. 4, the jetting action becomes stronger by widening the screw width. The arrow in FIG. 4 indicates the injection, and this injection amount changes depending on the rotational position of the rotor and gives fluid to the impeller intermittently from the nozzle in the coil state. Next, the flow of fluid in this turbine (screw turbine) will be described. Conventional turbines called axial turbines receive the fluid flowing in the horizontal axis direction from the front of the impeller, and the blades change the direction to the vertical direction (rotational direction) to indirectly obtain the rotational force. In the case of the turbine of the present invention, the coiled fluid is directly applied to the rotor via the thread groove of the casing.

As described above, the screw turbine of the present invention can obtain low speed and high torque including intermittent rotation.

The features and advantages of the turbine of the present invention are itemized.

1) Since the working fluid winds around the rotor in a coil state and gives rotational energy to the rotor, it is difficult for the rotor to have a rotational speed higher than the flow velocity. Therefore, the need for a speed reducer is reduced.

2) Since the working fluid on the side that gives rotation to the rotor has already made rotational motion in a coil state, ideal rotational energy with less anti-torque can be obtained as a prime mover.

3) It is a highly efficient prime mover that has a torque generation function similar to that of an electric motor.

4) There is little difference in the flow velocity of the working fluid from the inlet to the outlet, and the energy of the fluid is absorbed very efficiently, resulting in a highly efficient turbine.

5) Since it is a low-speed, high-torque turbine, it is difficult for the load to stall.

6) Due to the structure of the rotor, the blades can be integrated and attached to the rotor in a lattice state by means of dovetails or groove joints, so that the turbine is sturdy and inexpensive.

7) Forward / reverse rotation can be easily performed by changing the inlet and outlet of the working fluid.

8) The working fluid can be used regardless of the vapor phase or the liquid phase.

9) Since the action of sucking the fluid occurs at the end of the thread groove of the rotor, the discharge of the fluid is reduced and the turbine becomes extremely low in noise.

As described above, the turbine of the present invention has many effects and characteristics, less wasteful discharge of energy, is highly rigid, and can be provided to the world as a prime mover with low cost, safety and long life.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial side sectional view for explaining a turbine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vane portion when the casing and the vane portion in FIG. 1 are at different rotational positions. FIG. 3 is a front view seen from the AA ′ surface in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrow. FIG. 4 shows a case where the threads 1 ₃ and 2 ₄ of FIG. 2 are widened to emphasize the nozzle action, and the arrow shows the injection state. Explanation of symbols 1 ₁ ...... Casing, 1 ₂ ...... Screw groove, 1 ₃ ...... Screw thread 2 ₁ ...... Rotor, 2 ₂ ...... Screw groove, 3 ₂ ...... Vane (partition plate) 2 ₄ ...... Screw thread , 3 ₁ …… Inlet side conduit, 2 ₃ …… Inlet port 4 ₁ …… Outlet side conduit, 4 ₂ …… Outlet port, 5 Output shaft

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A casing as a structure for allowing a working fluid to flow along an inner wall surface of a cylindrical casing (1 ₁ ) from an inlet (3 ₂ ) in a direction of an output shaft of (5) in a coil state. A thread groove (1 ₂ ) is provided on the inner wall surface, and the rotational energy of the working fluid that flows continuously in a coil state from the thread groove (1 ₂ ) of this casing (1 ₁ ) has the same pitch as that of the casing (1 ₁ ). and screw groove (2 _2), to obtain the rotational force is given to the coil state to the rotor (2 ₁₎ that is configured in this screw groove (2 ₂₎ and provided so as to be lattice state blades (2 ₃₎ Turbines featuring