JPH0729066B2 - Shredding method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a process for shredding materials such as paper, plastic, rubber, wood, thin sheet material, and any common scrap or scrap material for destruction or recycling. And equipment.

Presently existing shredders consist of two circular blades, preferably saw-tooth, which rotate about parallel axes along a cross path.
In these shredders, the size of the pieces is determined by the space between the same row of blades mounted on the shaft. This space defines only one dimension, and therefore guarantees only one dimension, which in the case of sheet-like raw materials results in strips of which the length is not predetermined. Until now, it was probably necessary to install two shredders back and forth in order to shred into smaller pieces. However,
This leaves the shreds still unlucky and there is no certainty of obtaining consistent results. This type of arrangement is also prohibitively expensive, since two machines have to be used and the total power is doubled.

In another possibility offered by US Pat. No. 3,931,925, the shredder is surrounded by a rotating screen which also acts as an elevator. In this way, the shredded material falls into the screen so that smaller shredded material can pass through while the rest is returned to the shredder inlet. Unfortunately, the system only distinguishes between two dimensions, so this system does not ensure constant shredding in all directions. As such, long strips often created by the rotary blades of a shredder may pass perpendicular to the axis of the hole. This occurs especially in hard materials.

The aim of the invention is to ensure the required size of the final effluent, at a reasonable cost. There would be no utility in reusing the material. If the device were used in that way, it would be more expensive than purchasing raw materials.

This aim was achieved by enclosing a shredder with a blade in a perforated drum with a lifting blade.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

The drawing illustrates a shredder generally designated by 1. that is,
It consists of two circular and / or serrated cross blades 2. This shredder is enclosed in a drum 3, which rotates in the direction of arrow B and is of such a size in order to define two of the three dimensions of the fragment in three mutually orthogonal directions. It has a hole 4. The drum 3 is cut into smaller pieces and has rubber wings 5 on the inside for picking up the pieces to be returned to the inlet of the machine (shredder 1).

The drum 3a is also provided with an outer spoon for separating the material coming out of the machine. Area 7 shows the area between the drum 3a and the surface 8, which surface 8 faces said drum 3a at least during the emptying of the machine through the holes 4.

Guide to stop the fragments from falling before reaching the shredder 1.
10 are also provided. The guide 10 also has a slide 11 which acts as a conveyor. Finally, a nozzle 12 is provided which can be used to eject the liquid at high pressure.

The device works as follows.

The shredder 1 receives at the inlet 13 for cutting the material, passes it through the blades 14 and drops them on the drum 3. Larger pieces P3 that need to be further shredded are collected by the rubber wings 5. The shredded material P2 having at least two smaller dimensions out of the three dimensions in the three directions orthogonal to the hole 4 crosses the surface of the drum 3. However, these fragments cannot come out completely and are picked up by the rotation of the drum and by the movement of the wings 6 towards the outlet 9. The discharge port is placed at an angle to the drum 3, that is, at a position higher than the bottom of the drum 3a. The outlet allows only the fragments lying at an angle (15) with the vertical plane to be thrown down, the angle (15) being between 50 and 70 °.

The fragments P1 that have reached the discharge port 9 and are smaller than the hole of the drum 3 and the space 7 are carried away from the drum 3a and supplied through the discharge port 9. Due to its length, the piece P2, whose center of gravity is inside the drum 3a, falls into the inside of said drum 3a by itself.

It is also possible to adjust the space 7. You can change the angle 15.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross section of a shredder enclosed in a perforated drum according to the present invention. FIG. 1a shows an enlarged detail of FIG. FIG. 2 shows a vertical sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. In the figure, 1 is a shredder, 3 is a drum, 4 is a hole, 5 is a rubber blade, 7 is a space, and 8 is a surface.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A shredder (1) surrounded by a rotating screen (3), which also acts as an elevator, discharges the shredded material into the interior of the screen (3), the screen breaking through holes in the screen. Are also orthogonal to each other 3
In a shredding method, wherein at least two of the three dimensions in the direction are allowed to pass a small material, while the remaining material left there is lifted again to the inlet side of the shredder (1), At least the rotating screen is a rotating drum (3), the bottom side of which faces a fixed wall (8) spaced so as to create an air gap (7), which in turn is made of material passing therethrough. A method of shredding, characterized in that the remaining dimensions other than the two dimensions are determined. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the air gap (7) has a size approximately equal to the largest hole available in the drum (3). 3. An internal rubber lifting vane (5) including two rows of intersecting rotary blades surrounded by a rotary perforated drum (3).
In a device for shredding material comprising a shredder (1), the bottom side of the drum is placed facing the fixed wall (8), which passes through the perforated drum. Creating an air gap (7) sized to establish the maximum possible size of the shredded pieces, the outlet (9) of the drum being located higher than the bottom of the drum (3). Characterizing device for shredding material. 4. An external spoon (6) beside the outside of the drum.
The external scoop (6) is provided with the drum (3)
Device according to claim 3, characterized in that it picks up a piece through which it is directed towards the outlet (9). 5. Device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the inner wing (5) is made of rubber or the like. 6. There is a nozzle (12) for providing a nozzle of compressed or ventilated air to facilitate the exit of shredded material, in particular said nozzle is a drum (3).
Device according to any of claims 3 to 5, which is oriented radially with respect to a). 7. A device according to any of claims 3 to 6, wherein air is sucked out of the outlet (9) to facilitate the exit of the material. 8. The outlet (9) on the drum (3) is such that the lower edge intersecting the drum (3) forms an angle (15) of 50 to 70 ° with a vertical plane. 8. A device according to any of claims 3 to 7 which is open in position. 9. Device according to claim 3, wherein the air gap (7) is adjustable. 10. The device according to claim 3, wherein the height of the outlet (9) is adjustable.