JPH0726925Y2 - Small greenhouse - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small greenhouse device suitable for plant cultivation at home, especially western orchid cultivation such as cattleya.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a proposal for a greenhouse for home use, it has been practically used.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-12743 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-320941
There is news etc. The former is a transparent case that is isolated from the atmosphere.
A heater with freely controllable temperature is placed on the lowest shelf in the room
Equipped with an installed water tank and upward airflow for forced convection stirring
If the room temperature rises above the specified temperature,
There is a ventilation fan to operate the
If it goes down, use the above heater to bring the water to an appropriate temperature.
The indoor air temperature is kept constant by forcing the convection of the released water vapor.
I try to keep it even. The latter is a barrier to the atmosphere.
A ventilation port for introducing outside air is provided in the upper part with the transparent part separated.
Upper and lower for forming a vertical circulation loop of the inside air in the installed room
A directional blower is arranged, and both a heater and a cooler are installed and
What made it possible to maintain quick control of temperature and use in summer
Is. It will also have lighting and a humidifier.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the invention] From the word "greenhouse"
As you can see, this type of device initially
It was created to protect plants from
Since it is troublesome to replace it, it is housed all year round.
It has been changed to something that can be done. Plants are photosynthesized during the day when the light is strong
To synthesize carbohydrates and photosynthesize at night when the light is weak
Is translocated into each organ via leaf stems, etc.
It has a physiological function. In this case, photosynthetic translocation and
When the nighttime temperature is higher,
However, when the temperature becomes too high, the respiratory volume becomes a load.
And the photosynthesis cannot be accumulated due to excessive consumption.
It In addition, the transpiration of plants is high due to the large amount of solar radiation.
The lower the humidity and the lower the humidity, the more accelerated the water absorption and
Along with this, the amount of nutrients absorbed increases and vegetative growth flourishes.
It However, if the temperature becomes too high, the leaves may get sunburned, for example.
Rubbing, flower drop, malformation or soft growth may occur.
In addition, when the humidity is high, diseases such as malady are generated. Obey
In the greenhouse, the internal temperature and humidity are adjusted to
It is necessary to control the environment to be the most suitable for the growth of. This most
An environment that is also suitable is a natural environment under conditions close to nature.
You can keep the sense of season near the
Only the terrible point for plants in the natural world to ease the matter
Is to be rescued. By doing this,
You can grow strong plants that are not so-called "greenhouse-grown". Shi
On the other hand, the conventional one does not protect plants at all.
There are serious drawbacks.

That is, the former of the prior art
Means that plants are protected from the cold by heating control
However, there are various mistakes. For example, this one
The heating method is the same as the underwater radiator installed at the bottom of the greenhouse.
A method of radiating heat upward by a fan is used
However, in this method, warm air directly hits the shelf plate, so the bowl on the shelf plate
Due to overheating and overheating, the temperature and humidity inside the pot may increase
It hinders the growth of plants, and heat dissipation in water causes greenhouses.
The inside is in an over-humidity state that is equal to or higher than the saturation level of air. Well
Also, the temperature during heating is forced to be sent upward by a fan.
Therefore, there is a temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part. Sending while heating is stopped
Since the wind also stops, the air in the room stagnates and the plant grows.
It causes soft growth. Partial temperature above
No abnormal rise in humidity, over-humidity, temperature difference between top and bottom, no air stagnation
Almost all the gaps are naturally resolved by the flow of air in the natural world
It is a severe condition that can not be done and deviates from the purpose of protection
is doing. Also, if the temperature in the greenhouse becomes high, the sensor
The exhaust fan operates to forcibly discharge the hot air in the room.
However, this method is sufficient when the outside temperature is low.
Effective, but in places with high outside temperatures and strong sunlight
Is not available indoors because the absolute amount is insufficient with forced exhaust by a fan.
It will be higher than the temperature and the growth of plants will deteriorate.
(One-point forced exhaust in a closed space does not work because it is a space.
Because there is no supply air to the inside, there is no discharge effect
It In this case, there is no other entrance, so there is a slight
Outside air will infiltrate the shortage that has been released. ) This
Of course, the phenomenon does not exist in the natural world. After all, the heat wave increased
Is equal to Use an indoor air exhaust fan.
Because it uses a lot of electricity for fans, it is also converse to resource saving.
To do. Furthermore, in the structure of this greenhouse
Due to the capacity of the air exhaust fan, it is only low in winter.
It is a greenhouse that can be used when it is warm, and when it is hot in summer
The inside becomes too hot to be used for growing plants.
Inappropriate. To use the exhaust fan as above
The daytime indoor temperature in winter only rises, and this
There is a drawback that the difference from the room temperature is reduced. this
Then, it becomes a constant high temperature all year round,
It may be convenient for cultivation, but it is
You will lose the sense of the season. Cultivation is impossible
It In addition, the heating element for heating raises the water temperature to the specified temperature.
Therefore, there is a large temperature difference when the room is turned on and off, and the plants are in the natural world.
It will give an extraordinary shock that does not exist in. rear
People's own, even replacing the sunlight with artificial light, almost complete
I am trying to put it all under artificial control, but forced descent
Ascending and descending circulation Convection blows like natural wind
It is not something that can be pulled out or replaced, it is closed even if it is moving
It only patrols the area in a fixed direction. Also, for temperature
Even then, as the sun moves in and out, it gradually spreads into the atmosphere.
It's not shocking, it's extremely shocking, which means that
Is the same as above, and gradually within the range of the saturation capacity of air.
Unlike the one that changes to, the impact is strong. The present invention is
It was made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is
By the way, even if the room is isolated and isolated from the atmosphere, communication with the atmosphere is possible.
To maintain the conditions close to the natural world and provide the providence of the natural world.
Protect from only the harsh conditions that are harmful to plants while incorporating
And a small greenhouse that can grow vital plants
It is intended to provide a device.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve the above object
The small greenhouse device of the present invention comprises an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing a skylight and at least one of front, rear, left and right sides by sensing the temperature inside the greenhouse, and a wind tunnel horizontally installed on the bottom plate of the greenhouse.
It has an air circulation fan at the base end and a heat bulb inside.
Blower, heater and water tray placed in front of the fan and heater
And, it is said to have .

[0006]

[Function] Skylights that are opened and closed by sensing the temperature inside the greenhouse, front and rear
At least one opening / closing mechanism on the left and right temporarily closes the shielded space.
It becomes a frontage to communicate with the outside world. Only the skylight is open indoors
Ventilate the warm air accumulated in the room by discharging it to the outside. This ventilation
For indoor natural drying due to indoor temperature drop and excessive humidity release
Therefore, prevention of overgrowth of plants and prevention of disease can be expected. Skylight and
At least one opening on the front, back, left and right should be opened from the side.
A blow through the entire greenhouse that goes to the top, that is,
It gives plants an environment similar to that of their own. Such wind
Delivering heat and removing excess moisture, even in the heat
It is one of the natural providences suitable for upbringing. This heat loss is cold in summer
It is exactly the same as the bunch, that is, the natural world. Indoor heating
Is the predetermined low temperature detection signal of the temperature sensor for room temperature detection.
It receives the blower installed under the shelves, and the heater operates to work. So
The mechanism of this is that the heat bulb is placed in the sideways wind,
A water tray is placed in front of the wind flow and the wind flows over the water surface.
Water evaporates, so warm air containing water circulates in the room.
However, the inside of the room is not overhumid (water within the saturation capacity of warm air
It evaporates water and does not evaporate water forcibly.)
Warm in a humid atmosphere. The sideways wind above is the front
Introduced into the room by opening at least one of the front, back, left and right
The natural wind that passes through the greenhouse as well as the blown wind
The same wind is generated in the shielded space. Heat of heat source
A light bulb is not an intense one that gives the heat of the surface of the heat ray to the heat medium.
It gives heat to the surface of the glass sphere, similar to solar heat.
It gives heat at a gentle degree to the
The impact of change is made as slowly as in nature. On plants
It is a very good environment. Fans for air circulation are
When the opening / closing mechanism is closed, it operates regardless of whether the heat bulb is on or off
Therefore, the same natural wind as described above should always blow in the room.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent oversight and fever.

[0007]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 6, the greenhouse 1 has a frame 2 formed of an aluminum sash or the like, and four front, rear, left and right surfaces and the skylight 18 are made of glass so that they can be viewed. The hollow portion inside the frame 2 is filled with heat insulation such as styrofoam to enhance the heat retention effect. Front door 3 and skylight 1
8 is openable and closable by pivotally attaching one end to the frame 2. Reference numeral 4 is a front door opening / closing mechanism, 5 is a skylight opening / closing mechanism, and 30 is a heater installed on the bottom plate.

3 to 6 show the details of the skylight opening / closing mechanism 5, in which a mounting base 6 has horizontal shafts 7 projecting from both sides of the upper end thereof, and a bracket 9 provided on a greenhouse frame 8. It is pivotally attached to and can swing in a predetermined angle range in a suspended posture as shown in FIG. The upper end of the guide bar 10 is a standing support plate 11
In addition, the lower end side is fixed to the electric motor 12 and the frame 14 of the speed reducer 13, which are arranged at the lower part of the mounting base body 6, respectively, and is vertically arranged. A guide through hole 15 is bored in the upright support body 11, and a nut body 17 having a take-out piece portion 16 penetratingly attached to the guide bar 10 is attached to the lower end thereof and a ventilation skylight 18 is attached to the upper end thereof. A pipe body 20 equipped with a pivoting tool 19 is inserted and assembled. And the pipe body 2
At 0, a screw rod 21 connected to the drive shaft of the speed reducer 13 is screwed into the nut body 17 and inserted therein.

The pipe body 20 moves up and down along the guide bar 10 by the forward and reverse rotation of the screw rod 21 which is rotated by the drive of the electric motor 12, that is, the skylight 18 is opened and closed. At this time, since the swing of the mounting base body 6 and the upper end of the pipe body 20 are pivotally fixed to the skylight 18 through the pivotal fitting 19, the pipe supporting the skylight 18 which opens and closes in a circular locus. Even if the body 20 can only move linearly, the unreasonable stress is absorbed.

Stopping of the skylight 18 at a predetermined open position and stopping of the electric motor 12 at a closed position are performed by an upper limit switch 22 and a lower limit switch 23 installed so as to contact the nut body 17. The upper limit switch 22 is mounted on the vertical slide base 24, and by changing the operation level thereof, it is possible to cope with a change in the degree of opening required depending on the season. The speed reducer 13 may be a worm gear system as shown in FIG. 6, instead of the spur gear system shown in FIGS. In this case, since the electric motor 12 is laterally arranged, the size is further reduced.

The temperature sensor 25 for instructing the electric motor 12 to drive can be installed as a socket type sensor 25, ... By utilizing the fact that the mounting base 6 is near the skylight 18.

The front door opening / closing mechanism 4 is the same as the above-mentioned skylight opening / closing mechanism 5 in a compact and horizontal shape and is attached to the inner surface of the greenhouse. The front door 3
Needs to be openable for plant management,
The following measures are taken. That is, the mounting base body 6,
The opening / closing mechanism 4 is pivotally attached to the inner surface of the greenhouse at a position slightly forward of the center of gravity of the opening / closing mechanism 4, so that the front end side of the pipe body 20, which is the front part of the opening / closing mechanism 4, is always inclined upward. Then, a substantially F-shaped engaging metal fitting 26 is attached to the tip of the pipe body 20, and a substantially L-shaped receiving metal fitting 27 engageable with the engaging metal fitting 26 is attached to the front door 3. (See Figure 2). Therefore, normally, as shown in FIG. 2, the engaging fitting 26 and the receiving fitting 27 are engaged with each other to connect the opening / closing mechanism 4 and the front door 3 to each other. The front door 3 can be freely opened by pushing down the fitting 26 to release the engagement with the receiving fitting 27.

The heater 30 has a heating element 32 such as a heat bulb arranged inside a horizontal wind tunnel 31 formed of a non-combustible material such as metal for fire prevention, and has one end side of the wind tunnel 31 for air circulation. A fan 33 is provided, and the heating element 33 is operated or stopped according to an instruction from a temperature sensor (not shown). The air circulation fan 33 is a greenhouse greenhouse
It is supposed to move.

Further, the humidification as well as Datsunetsu inside a greenhouse at a water tray 34 on the bottom plate of the front of the greenhouse 1 of the air channel 31. A shelf 35 on which a pot of plants or the like is placed is provided above the heater 30.

Next, the operation of this greenhouse device will be described. When the internal temperature of the greenhouse 1 exceeds the preset temperature, each temperature sensor senses it and activates the skylight opening / closing mechanism 5 and the front door opening / closing mechanism 4 and stops the heater 30. That is,
The screw rod 21 is driven by driving the electric motor 13 of each opening / closing mechanism 4, 5.
Rotates, whereby the pipe body 20 moves to open the front door 3 and the skylight 18 by a predetermined opening (usually several cm). As a result, the inside of the greenhouse 1 is kept at the same temperature and humidity as the outside air.

When the internal temperature becomes lower than the set value, the opening / closing mechanisms 4 and 5 are operated in the opposite manner by the detection of the temperature sensors to close the front door 3 and the skylight 18, and the heating air 30 is removed. Activate. That is, in the heating air 30, the heating element 32 is turned on, and the fan 33 rotates and blows air into the wind tunnel 31, so that the heat generated by the heating element 32 is uniformly sent as warm air into the greenhouse 1. By repeating the above operation, the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is maintained constant.

Although the front door 3 is opened and closed in this embodiment, the invention is not limited to this.
Either the left or right side surface or the rear surface of the greenhouse 1 may be configured to be opened and closed. The control result will be described below. Greenhouse 1
When the inside temperature becomes higher than 23 ℃, the skylight opens and the greenhouse 1
The temperature is released spontaneously and the temperature rises above 26 ℃
If the front door 3 is the same as the skylight opening mechanism 5,
The air is released by the structure, and the indoor air is naturally returned from the bottom to the top.
To do. In this method, the temperature rise of the air causes a natural rise.
It uses the convection of air that
Even when the temperature inside the greenhouse 1 is as high as 30 ° C
The internal temperature difference is 1 ° C lower, and if there is outside air
There was a difference. This convection of air caused the bowl to become over-humidified
Is also good for plant growth because it dries rapidly. Air convection
The elephant reduces the temperature in the room by evaporating the water in the water tray 34.
The effect is great. When the outside temperature drops to 25 ° C
A When the outside air temperature drops to 22 ° C when A3 is closed, the skylight
18 is closed to prevent temperature drop in greenhouse 1
Keep it warm for a long time. When the skylight 18 is closed, the fan 3
3 turns on and blows air. This greenhouse 1 is for the above reason
Therefore, the exhaust fan is not needed, so the power for the fan is not needed.
As a result, it has become possible to save electric energy. Greenhouse 1 structure
Structure is used during the day to keep plants warm in winter
In the greenhouse 1, the temperature rises above 30 ° C.
Greenhouse 1 is kept at 23 ℃ on average to prevent softening and growing of plants
I was able to do it. Even when the temperature is high in summer, it is the same as the outside temperature.
Be nurture used always room plants for equal or less
Because you can do this, you don't have to move plants outside in the summer
It can be used as a plant growing room that can be dealt with through.
Especially since there is a large difference between the daytime temperature in winter and the daytime temperature in summer,
I was able to create an environment similar to my own as a rice cultivation.

[0018]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature in the greenhouse is automatically adjusted to make the own dough suitable for plant cultivation.
It can be maintained as well as in an ideal environment .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a skylight opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing another example of the speed reducer.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 greenhouse 3 front door 4 front door opening / closing mechanism 5 skylight opening / closing mechanism 18 skylight 25 temperature sensor 30 heater 32 heating element 33 fan 34 water tray

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the skylight and at least one of the front, rear, left and right sides by sensing the temperature in the greenhouse and opening and closing the temperature.
A wind tunnel is installed horizontally on the bottom plate of the room, and air is circulated at the base end of the wind tunnel.
Ring fan, ventilation with heating bulb inside, heater
And a water tray disposed in front of the air blower and heater, the small greenhouse device.