JPH0723099U - Waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a waterproof sheet that can always maintain good drainage. [Structure] A cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 and a ribbed waterproof sheet 12 are partially bonded and laminated with a mesh sheet 16 sandwiched therebetween to form a sheet waterproof material 18. Due to the shielding effect of the buffer water-permeable sheet 10, the particles separated from the primary shoe surface are separated by the rib 14 of the ribbed waterproof sheet 12.
To prevent accumulation in the drainage space 15 formed by
In addition, the spring water generated by concentrating on a part of the primary shoe surface is widely dispersed through the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 and led to a wide drainage space 15, and further, the mesh sheet 16 is used to provide the cushioning water-permeable sheet. 10 is a waterproof sheet with ribs 12
The ribs 14 are prevented from entering between the ribs 14 and blocking the drainage space 15.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a sheet waterproof material, and more particularly to a sheet waterproof material laid between a primary shoe (sprayed concrete or segment) and a secondary shoe (concrete concrete) in the construction of a spring drainage type tunnel.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In the case of tunnel construction by NATM (NATM) construction, after excavating the tunnel in the ground, primary work such as shot concrete and segments is applied to the hole wall, and then secondary work concrete is placed. In such tunnels, water leakage from the secondary shoe concrete deteriorates durability significantly. For this reason, when constructing the tunnel, after the primary shoe construction, the seat waterproofing material is laid, and then the final secondary shoe concrete is placed. In the case of a spring drainage type tunnel, the spring water from the primary track surface is guided through the sheet waterproofing material to the drainage materials or drainage pipes installed on the lower parts of both sides of the hole wall to prevent leakage to the secondary track concrete. It is supposed to do.

Conventionally, there are three types of sheet materials to be laid between the primary shoe and the secondary shoe when constructing a spring drainage type tunnel, as shown in FIGS. 3 (1) to 3 (3). there were. That is, the first is a laminate of a buffer water-permeable sheet made of non-woven fabric or a woven fabric and a flat waterproof sheet (see FIG. 3 (1)), and the second is a waterproof sheet alone with ribs (see FIG. 3 ( 2)) and the third is a waterproof sheet alone with protrusions (see FIG. 3 (4)). The waterproof sheet is made of plastic, and for example, E.V.A. sheet (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) or the like is used.

In the first type, there are a case where a buffer water-permeable sheet and a flat waterproof sheet are integrated in advance by whole or partial adhesion, or a case where two sheets are separately attached. In any case, in the case of the first type, the spring water from the primary shoe surface is discharged through the buffer permeable sheet. The buffer water-permeable sheet also functions as an isolation sheet to prevent cracks. On the other hand, in the second type and the third type, spring water is discharged through the space between the primary shoe surface secured by the ribs and protrusions and the waterproof sheet.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the first type of seat waterproofing material, drainage is performed only through the buffer water-permeable sheet, so when the spring water from the primary work surface becomes large, the drainage capacity will not be in time, and as a result, the water will not be discharged. The entire circumference of the tunnel will be flooded. At this time, when the seat is caught before the secondary footing concrete is placed, which hinders the secondary footer, and when the pressure becomes higher, the secondary footer concrete after the placing is placed. There was a problem that water pressure was applied to. In addition, since the second and third types do not have a buffer water-permeable sheet, soil particles that have gradually flowed out from the primary shoe surface over a long period of time cause clogging of the drainage space, resulting in poor drainage performance. In some cases, the most inconvenient situation occurred in a tunnel where water pressure was concentrated on a portion of the secondary footwear concrete. In the second type, furthermore, the individual ribs provided on the waterproof sheet are in close contact with the primary shoe surface, so when the spring water concentrates on one part, it will not be possible to drain it completely. The water pressure was sometimes concentrated on a part of the concrete for the next footwear.

From the above, it is conceivable to use a waterproof sheet with ribs or protrusions and a water-permeable cushioning sheet in a laminated manner, but if they are simply laminated, they are secured by the ribs or protrusions. A relatively flexible buffer water-permeable sheet will get into the drainage space and fit in, creating a problem similar to when laminated with a flat waterproof sheet. From the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a seat waterproofing material that can always maintain good drainage.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In the present invention, the above object is achieved by laminating a buffer water-permeable sheet and a ribbed waterproof sheet with a mesh sheet interposed therebetween.

[0008]

[Action]

 According to the present invention, the shielding action of the buffer water-permeable sheet prevents particles separated from the primary shoe surface from accumulating in the drainage space formed by the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet. In addition, the spring water generated by concentrating on a part of the primary footwear surface is led to the drainage space while being widely dispersed through the buffer permeable sheet. Furthermore, the mesh sheet sandwiched between the buffer water-permeable sheet and the ribbed waterproof sheet prevents the buffer water-permeable sheet from entering between the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet and blocking the drainage space. As a result, a drainage space can be secured in the seat, and good drainage can be maintained at all times. Even if a large amount of spring water is generated on the primary track surface, secondary secondary concrete There is no problem that water pressure is applied to only a part of the tunnel, and the durability of the tunnel can be significantly improved.

[0009]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention. 10 is a water-permeable cushioning sheet made of non-woven fabric or woven fabric, which cushions and cuts the primary and secondary shoes to prevent cracking of concrete. Reference numeral 12 is a ribbed waterproof sheet made of E.V.A. (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) sheet, and a drainage space 15 is formed between the individual ribs 14. Reference numeral 16 is a mesh sheet made of polyethylene, which prevents a relatively flexible buffer water-permeable sheet from entering between the ribs 14 of the ribbed waterproof sheet 12. A sheet waterproof material 18 is formed by sandwiching the mesh sheet 16 between the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 and the ribbed waterproof sheet 12, and partially adhering and laminating the mesh sheet 16.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a spring drainage type tunnel using a sheet waterproof material. In constructing a tunnel, first, primary footwear 24 such as shot concrete or a segment is applied to the hole wall 22 of the tunnel excavated in the natural ground 20. If a lock bolt (not shown) is driven in, cut off the head leaving the nut. Next, the center of the sheet waterproofing material 18 is aligned with the tunnel center, and it is stopped from the top end to both sides by the holding plate and the concrete pin and fixed to the primary shoe surface. At this time, the sheet waterproof material 18 applies the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 to the primary shoe surface. Further, drainage materials or drainage pipes (not shown) are installed at the lower portions on both sides of the hole wall 22. When the laying of the waterproof sheet 18 is completed, the secondary concrete 26 is placed.

Between the primary shoe and the secondary shoe, the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 cushions and cuts the edges, so that the secondary shoe concrete 26 is prevented from cracking. The spring water generated on the primary footwear surface passes through the buffer water-permeable sheet 10 and the mesh sheet 16 and enters the drainage space 15 formed between the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet 12 to be discharged by the drainage space 15. Water is introduced to drainage materials or drainage pipes installed on the lower portions of both sides of the hole wall 22.

Here, the shielding action of the buffer water-permeable sheet 10 can prevent particles separated from the primary shoe surface from accumulating in the drainage space 15 formed by the ribs 14 of the ribbed waterproof sheet 12. Further, even if spring water is concentrated on a part of the surface of the primary shoe, it can be led to a wide drainage space 15 while being widely dispersed through the buffer water-permeable sheet 10. Moreover, since the net-like sheet 16 is sandwiched between the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 and the ribbed waterproof sheet 12, the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 is ribbed even after a long time has passed after the sheet waterproof material 18 is laid. The drainage space 15 can be reliably retained without entering between the ribs 14 of the waterproof waterproof sheet 12. As a result, good drainage can be maintained at all times, and even if a large amount of spring water is generated on the primary track surface, there will be no problem that water pressure is applied only to part of the secondary track concrete 26, and It is possible to significantly improve the durability of the. Further, due to the rib effect of the waterproof sheet 12 with ribs, slack at the top end of the waterproof sheet 18 during construction is less likely to occur.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the sheet waterproof material is configured such that the cushioning water-permeable sheet, the mesh sheet, and the ribbed waterproof sheet are partially adhered in advance to be integrated. Separately, and lay them on the primary shoe surface in order, or by partially adhering only the cushioning water-permeable sheet and the mesh sheet, or by partially adhering only the mesh sheet and the ribbed waterproof sheet. You may leave it. The material of the mesh sheet and the waterproof sheet with ribs is not limited to polyethylene and E.V.A., and various plastic materials can be used.

[0014]

[Effect of device]

 According to the present invention, the cushioning water-permeable sheet and the ribbed waterproof sheet are laminated with the mesh sheet sandwiched therebetween, and separated from the primary shoe surface by the shielding action of the cushioning water-permeable sheet. Particles are prevented from accumulating in the drainage space formed by the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet, and the spring water generated by concentrating on a part of the primary shoe surface is widely dispersed through the buffer water-permeable sheet. However, the cushioning water-permeable sheet enters between the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet by the mesh sheet sandwiched between the buffer water-permeable sheet and the ribbed waterproof sheet to block the drainage space. Since it is configured to prevent the above, it is possible to ensure a drainage space in the seat, maintain good drainage at all times, and generate a large amount of spring water on the primary shoe surface. Also No problem that the water pressure only part of the following 履工 concrete takes that arise, it is possible to remarkably improve the durability of the tunnel.

[Submission date] July 18, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Compensation target item name] Detailed explanation of the device

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

This invention relates to a sheet waterproof material, a sheet waterproof material, which is particularly laid between such primary Lining in spring water drainage tunnel construction (shotcrete or segments, etc.) and the secondary Lining (Lining concrete).

[0002]

[Prior art]

In tunnel construction according Natomu (NATM) construction, the primary Lining such shotcrete or segments after pore walls was cut digging a tunnel natural ground to pouring the scolding of Chi secondary Lining concrete. Such tunnel leakage secondary Lining concrete over preparative significantly degrades the durability in. Therefore, when the tunnel construction, is to perform after performing primary Lining, laying sheet waterproof material, the pouring of the final secondary Lining concrete later that accordingly. If spring water drainage tunnel, by water conducting spring water from the primary covering cumene drain boards or drainage pipes were installed on both sides the lower portion of the hole wall through the sheet waterproof material, so that there is no water pressure in the secondary Lining concrete It has become.

Conventionally, three types of sheet waterproof material shown separately in FIG. 3 (1) to (3) to be laid between the primary Lining and secondary Lining at the time of spring water drainage tunnel construction was there. That is, the first is a laminate of a water-permeable cushioning sheet made of non-woven fabric or woven cloth and a flat waterproof sheet (see Fig. 3 (1)), and the second is a waterproof sheet with ribs (Fig. 3 (2)) and the third is a waterproof sheet alone with projections (see FIG. 3 ( 3 )). The waterproof sheet is made of plastic, and for example, an EVA sheet (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) is used.

In the first type, there are a case where the cushioning water-permeable sheet and the flat waterproof sheet are previously integrated by whole or partial adhesion, and a case where the two sheets are separately attached. In any event, the case of the first type, spring water from the primary covering cumene is discharged through the buffering permeable sheet. The buffer water-permeable sheet also functions as an isolation sheet to prevent cracks. On the other hand, the second type and the third type, spring water is discharged through a space between the waterproof sheet and the primary covering cumene is ensured by the ribs or protrusions.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the first type of waterproof sheet, the drainage is carried out only through the buffer permeable sheet, soCoverWhen the amount of spring water from the work surface becomes large, the drainage capacity will not be in time, and as a result, the water will stagnate all around the tunnel. At this time, the secondaryCoverBefore placing concreteWaterproofThe seat is stuck and the secondaryCoverWhen the work is hindered or the pressure becomes high, the secondaryCoverThere was a problem that water pressure was applied to the engineered concrete. Further, in the second and third types, since there is no buffer water-permeable sheet, the primary Cover Soil particles that have been gradually discharged from the work surface over a long period of time cause the drainage space to be clogged, and the drainage performance deteriorates.ShoesThe most inconvenient situation in a tunnel was that water pressure was concentrated on a part of the engineered concrete. In the second type, the individual ribs provided on the waterproof sheet are primary.CoverSince it is in close contact with the work surface, when spring water concentrates on a part, it will not be able to drain completely, and thisCoverWater pressure was sometimes applied to a part of the engineered concrete.

From the above, it is conceivable to use a waterproof sheet with ribs or projections and a water-permeable cushioning sheet in a laminated manner, but simply laminating them ensures the ribs and projections. A relatively flexible buffer water-permeable sheet will get into the drainage space and fit in, creating a problem similar to when laminated with a flat waterproof sheet. From the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a seat waterproofing material that can always maintain good drainage.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, the above object is achieved by laminating a buffer water-permeable sheet and a ribbed waterproof sheet with a mesh sheet interposed therebetween.

[0008]

[Action]

According to the present invention, by the shield effect of the buffering permeable sheet, to prevent the that ball drainage space primary covering Kumen or we discrete particles are formed by the ribs of the waterproof sheet with ribs. Further, the spring water generated concentrated on a part of the primary covering cumene leads to drainage space while widely dispersed through the buffer for translucent aqueous sheet. Furthermore, the mesh sheet sandwiched between the buffer water-permeable sheet and the ribbed waterproof sheet prevents the buffer water-permeable sheet from entering between the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet and blocking the drainage space. Thus, it is possible to ensure the reliable drainage space ribbed waterproof in the sheet, it is possible to always maintain good drainage, also secondary covering as a mass spring water in the primary covering cumene occurred It does not cause the problem that water pressure is applied only to a part of the engineered concrete, and the durability of the tunnel can be significantly improved.

[0009]

【Example】

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention. 10 is a buffer for water permeable sheets by a nonwoven fabric or woven fabric, subjected to damping and edge cutting of the primary Lining and secondary Lining, to prevent cracking of the concrete. 12 is a waterproof sheet with ribs made of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) sheet, and a drainage space 15 is formed between the individual ribs 14. Reference numeral 16 is a mesh sheet made of polyethylene, which prevents a relatively flexible buffer water-permeable sheet from entering between the ribs 14 of the ribbed waterproof sheet 12. A sheet waterproof material 18 is formed by sandwiching the mesh sheet 16 between the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 and the ribbed waterproof sheet 12, and partially adhering and laminating the mesh sheet 16.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a spring drainage type tunnel using a sheet waterproof material. In tunnel construction, first, subjected to a primary Lining 24 such shotcrete or segment tunnel bore wall 22 that is drilled into natural ground 20. If a lock bolt (not shown) is driven in, cut off the head leaving the nut. Next, move the center of the sheet waterproof material 18 to the tunnel center, will stop the primary covering cumene pressing plate and the concrete pin toward the top end on both sides. In this case, sheet waterproof material 18 against cumene covering the cushioning permeable sheet 10 primary. Further, drainage materials or drainage pipes (not shown) are installed at the lower portions on both sides of the hole wall 22. If the laying of the sheet waterproof material 18 is completed, the Da設the secondary Lining concrete 26.

[0011] During the primary Lining and secondary Lining by buffering permeable sheet 10, since the damping and edge cutting is name of Cracking of secondary Lining concrete 26 is prevented. Spring water generated in the primary covering cumene, through the cushioning permeability sheets 10 and net-like sheets 16, enters the drainage space 15 formed between the ribs of the ribbed anti Aqueous sheet 12, Ri by the drainage space 15 Water is introduced to drainage materials or drainage pipes installed on the lower portions of both sides of the hole wall 22.

[0012] Here, by the shield effect of the buffering permeable sheet 10, thereby preventing the partial release particles from the primary covering cumene from accumulating in the drain space 1 5 formed by the ribs 14 of the waterproof sheet 12 with ribs. Moreover, even if spring water concentrated occurs in a part of the primary covering cumene it can lead to a wide range of waste water space 1 5 while widely dispersed through the buffer for water permeable sheet 10. Moreover, since the net-like sheet 16 is sandwiched between the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 and the ribbed waterproof sheet 12, the cushioning water-permeable sheet 10 is ribbed even after a long time has passed after the sheet waterproof material 18 is laid. The drainage space 15 can be reliably retained without entering between the ribs 14 of the waterproof waterproof sheet 12. Thus, it is possible to always maintain good drainage, never problem that water pressure only a portion of the secondary Lining concrete 26 as large amounts of water inflow to the primary covering cumene occurred takes occurs, tunnel It is possible to significantly improve the durability of the. Further, due to the rib effect of the waterproof sheet 12 with ribs, slack at the top end of the waterproof sheet 18 during construction is less likely to occur.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the sheet waterproof material is configured such that the cushioning water-permeable sheet, the mesh sheet, and the ribbed waterproof sheet are partially adhered in advance to be integrated. in advance separately, or as laid sequentially in the primary covering cumene, or or previously partially bonded by buffering permeable aqueous sheet and net-like sheets, previously partially bonded only proof aqueous sheet with net-like sheets and ribs You may leave it. The material of the mesh sheet and the waterproof sheet with ribs is not limited to polyethylene and EVA, and various plastic materials can be used.

[0014]

[Effect of device]

According to the present invention above, and a buffer for water permeable sheet and the waterproof sheet with ribs, laminated while sandwiching between the reticulated sheet over preparative, by the shield effect of the buffering permeable sheet was separated from the primary covering Kumen particles are prevented from accumulating in the drainage space formed by the ribs of the waterproof sheet with ribs, also, spring water generated concentrated on a part of the primary covering cumene were widely dispersed throughout buffering permeability in the sheet While guiding the water to the drainage space, the mesh sheet sandwiched between the cushioning water-permeable sheet and the ribbed waterproof sheet allows the cushioning water-permeable sheet to enter between the ribs of the ribbed waterproof sheet to block the drainage space. since configured to prevent, with a reliable drainage space can and child secured within the ribbed waterproof sheet, it is possible to always maintain good drainage, large amount of spring water in the primary covering Kumen Occurs Never a problem that will have the pressure only a portion of the secondary Lining concrete takes occurs even, it is possible to remarkably improve the durability of the tunnel.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a spring discharge type tunnel.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional sheet waterproof material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Water-permeable sheet for cushioning 12 Waterproof sheet with ribs 15 Drainage space 16 Mesh sheet 18 Sheet waterproof material

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A sheet waterproof material comprising: a cushioning water-permeable sheet and a ribbed waterproof sheet, which are laminated with a mesh sheet interposed therebetween.