JPH07224875A - Impact energy absorbing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the structure of an impact energy absorbing device which employs an energy absorbing member made of FRP to perform high-efficient absorption of energy and especially a concrete structure developed in various fields. CONSTITUTION:An energy absorbing member 3 made of FRP is provided to absorb impact energy in a direction opposite to an impact force load direction through own compression rupture. This constitution performs high-efficient and effective absorption of impact energy exerted on a device during the occurrence of abnormality.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an impact energy absorbing device using an FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) energy absorbing member applicable to various fields.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, an energy absorbing member that absorbs impact energy is used around an aircraft seat, around an automobile seat, around a bumper, around a steering wheel, and in various structural members (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-109630). , JP-A-62-17438). This energy absorbing member has the ability to absorb impact energy well,
Generally, lightweight and high rigidity are required,
It is said that a composite material of a resin and a reinforcing fiber, so-called FRP, in particular, a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter sometimes referred to as CFRP) is suitable.

[0003]

However, in the impact energy absorbing device using such an FRP energy absorbing member, it can be said that the arrangement of the energy absorbing member and the overall structure of the device are still sufficiently studied. Moreover, it cannot be said that the development of applications in various industrial fields is sufficiently advanced.

The present invention enables the energy absorbing member made of FRP to efficiently exhibit its energy absorbing power,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a structure of an impact energy absorbing device and to provide a more specific structure which is applied to various fields.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy absorbing member for FRP, which absorbs an impact force from the outside by compressive destruction of the FRP energy absorbing member. It is characterized in that they are provided so as to face each other in the impact force load direction.

The impact energy absorbing device according to the present invention comprises:
It can be applied to various moving bodies on which a person is riding, and is extremely effective for maximizing the safety of passengers when abnormal impact energy is generated in the moving bodies. That is, a glider according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that an FPR energy absorbing member is provided in front of and below the cockpit toward the front and the bottom of the aircraft.

A guardrail according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a wire of a wire-guarded rail installed on a road is provided with an FRP energy absorbing member in the tension direction of the wire. Consists of.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an FRP energy absorbing member, which is provided on a vehicle stop device installed on a railroad track so as to face an impact force load direction from the vehicle. It consists of features.

Further, a watercraft according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member is provided at least on the bow of the hull so as to face the direction of impact force at the time of collision. It consists of things. For example, it can be applied to small high speed boats.

Further, the ropeway gondola according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member is provided in the lower part of the floor of the gondola main body so as to face the impact force load direction at the time of a crash. Become.

Further, an elevator case according to a seventh aspect of the present invention has an F extending vertically in a lower floor of the case body.
An energy absorbing member made of RP is provided.

Further, the elevator apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention is characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member extending in the vertical direction is provided on the bottom surface of the elevator pit.

The energy absorbing member is, for example, a tubular FRP energy absorbing member, and preferably,
At least one end portion in the longitudinal direction thereof is provided with a trigger serving as a starting point of compression failure of itself. This trigger is formed, for example, by reducing the thickness of the tip of the FRP tubular member to taper so that it becomes tapered, or the FRP tubular member causes delamination at the tip. For ease of formation, it is formed by embedding a dissimilar member (for example, a release film) between the reinforcing fiber layers to assist delamination.

In the FRP energy absorbing member, it is preferable that the breaking elongation of the resin is larger than that of the reinforcing fiber. For example, the breaking elongation of the resin is preferably 1 to 4 times the breaking elongation of the reinforcing fibers. By doing so, high energy can be efficiently absorbed.

Further, the energy release rate G _{IC of the} resin is 10
It is preferably 0 J / m ² or more. This energy release rate G _IC is a compact test (CT test) standard: AS
It is measured based on TM-E-399, and shows the energy release rate when the resin itself is peeled off. When the energy release rate G _IC is less than 100 J / m ² , the resin itself is relatively easily peeled off,
It becomes difficult to achieve high energy absorption capacity. By setting the energy release rate G _IC to 100 J / m ² or more, excellent energy absorption capability can be exhibited.

[0016]

In the impact energy absorbing device as described above, an impact force is applied to the device body from the outside (including both the case of hitting and the case of hitting) during various abnormal situations, but the external force is exerted through its own compression fracture. The energy absorbing member made of FRP that absorbs the impact force from the object is provided in the direction opposite to the impact force load direction, so that the energy absorbing member can efficiently start the compressive fracture and is most effective. Can absorb impact energy. Therefore, when the impact energy is transmitted to the occupant or the like, the transmitted impact energy can be minimized.

Further, in the above-mentioned glider, since the FRP energy absorbing member is provided in front of and below the cockpit, the impact energy is efficiently absorbed by the energy absorbing member, for example, at the time of landing on the fuselage, and the pilot can absorb the energy. The impact force to be added is effectively mitigated.

In the guardrail, when an automobile whose traveling direction is wrong hits the wire of the guardrail, a shocking tension acts on the wire. Since the FRP energy absorbing member is arranged in the tension direction of the wire, the shock absorbing compressive load (that is, shocking wire tension load) is most efficiently received by the energy absorbing member, and the energy absorbing member itself. The impact energy is effectively absorbed through the compressive failure of.

Further, in the vehicle stop device, when a vehicle is dispatched toward the device and collides with the device, an impact load is applied to the device, but the device is opposed to the impact force load direction. F
Since the energy absorbing member made of RP is provided, the impact energy is applied to the energy absorbing member most efficiently, and the impact energy is effectively absorbed through the compression failure of the energy absorbing member itself.

Further, in the above-mentioned watercraft, when the hull collides with another ship or the quay, an impact force is mainly applied to the hull from its bow portion, but at least the bow portion of the boat body Since the FRP energy absorbing member is provided so as to face the impact force load direction, the impact energy is efficiently and effectively absorbed at this portion, and the impact energy transmitted to other parts of the hull is large. Will be alleviated.

In the ropeway gondola, if the gondola crashes for some reason, it is expected that the impact force is mainly transmitted from the floor side to the inside of the gondola and the inside of the gondola. Since the FRP energy absorption member is installed in the lower floor of the so as to face in the direction of impact load, the impact energy is efficiently and effectively absorbed at this part and transmitted to other parts of the gondola and inside the gondola. Impact energy is minimized.

Further, in the elevator case,
When the case crashes for some reason, the impact force is transmitted from the floor surface side to the case body and the inside of the case.
Since the RP energy absorbing member is provided, the impact energy is efficiently and effectively absorbed in this portion, and the impact energy transmitted to other parts of the case body and inside the case is minimized.

Further, in the elevator apparatus,
When the elevator case crashes for some reason, the bottom surface of the case and the bottom surface of the elevator pit collide with each other, but since the FRP energy absorbing member extending in the vertical direction is provided on the bottom surface of the elevator pit, The impact energy is efficiently and effectively absorbed in this portion through the compressive failure of the energy absorbing member, and the impact force applied to the elevator case side is significantly relieved.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The impact energy absorbing device according to the present invention will be described below for each specific embodiment with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a glider according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes the entire glider, and the glider 1 is provided with a cockpit 2 for boarding at least one pilot. At least in front of and below the cockpit 2, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of RP energy absorbing members 3 are provided.

This energy absorbing member 3 is shown in FIG.
It is formed as shown in, and is made of FRP and is cylindrical (cylindrical).
It is composed of the member 3 and absorbs the impact energy through its compressive failure. In this embodiment, the support member 4 is attached to the energy absorbing member 3 on the bottom side in the longitudinal direction, and the pressing member 5 is provided on the upper end side. The impact energy is transmitted to the energy absorbing member 3 via the pressing member 5, but the tip end (upper end) of the energy absorbing member 3 is provided with a tip end portion so that a predetermined destruction can be smoothly started. By forming the tapered taper shape, a trigger serving as a starting point of breakage is formed. However, the shape of the FRP-made energy absorbing member is not limited to that shown in FIG.

F constituting the energy absorbing member 3
RP is a composite material of reinforcing fibers and matrix resin. As the matrix resin constituting the FRP energy absorbing member, a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyimide resin, a vinyl ester resin, or an unsaturated polyester is used, but other resins such as polyamide, polycarbonate, It may be a thermoplastic resin such as polyetherimide. Further, carbon fiber is also preferable as the reinforcing fiber, but not limited to this, for example, glass fiber, aramid fiber or the like can be used, and these can be used together. Further, the form of the reinforcing fiber is not particularly limited, and may be a unidirectional layer, a cross laminated layer, a plurality of laminated layers thereof, or a woven fabric.

In the above-described glider, in an abnormal situation, the cockpit 2 and, by extension, the occupant such as the pilot in the cockpit 2 are effectively protected from the impact force.
For example, at the time of landing of the fuselage, impact forces act on the cockpit 2 from the front and the bottom thereof, and the impact forces in these directions act as impact compression loads on the energy absorbing members 3 and compress and destroy the energy absorbing members 3 themselves. Induce. Impact energy is effectively absorbed by this compressive failure. Since the disposing direction of the energy absorbing member 3 and the impact force acting direction substantially coincide with each other, the impact force is most efficiently alleviated.

4 and 5 show an embodiment of the guardrail according to the present invention. In FIG. 4, 11 indicates the entire guardrail installed at the outer edge of the road,
A plurality of wires 12 are stretched around the guardrail 11. An energy absorption box 13 is provided at an appropriate portion of each stretched wire 12.

Inside each energy absorption box 13, as shown in FIG. 5, a cylindrical FRP energy absorption member 1 is provided.
4 are provided. One end of the wire 12a is fixed to one end of the energy absorption box 13, and the pressing member 15 is fixed to one end of the wire 12b. The wire 12b is the bottom wall 1 of the energy absorption box 13.
After being inserted through the hole 13b provided on the 3a side and through the hollow portion of the energy absorbing member 14, the energy absorbing member 14 is fixed to the pressing member 15.

In the guard rail 11 as described above, the wires 12a and 12b are usually stretched with a predetermined tension. Therefore, the bottom surface of the FRP energy absorbing member 14 is in contact with the bottom wall 13 a of the energy absorbing box 13, and the trigger portion 14 a at the opposite end is in contact with the pressing member 15.

In this state, for example, when an automobile whose traveling direction is wrong collides with the guardrail 11, a shocking tension force is applied to the wire 12. At this time, a shocking compressive load acts on the FRP energy absorbing member 14 between the bottom wall 13 a of the energy absorbing box 13 and the pressing member 15. This impact compression energy is effectively absorbed through the compression destruction of the FRP energy absorbing member 14 itself. The compression fracture progresses smoothly from the trigger 14a portion. Further, since the energy absorbing member 14 is oriented in the direction opposite to the compressive load loading direction, the shocking tension force applied to the wire is most efficiently relieved.
The structure of the FRP energy absorbing member 14 itself is
According to what is shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a vehicle stop device according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes the entire vehicle stop device installed at the end of the railroad track. The vehicle stop device is a front block body 22 provided on the side of the escape vehicle.
And a base block body 23 on the rear side. A plurality of FRP energy absorbing members 24 are arranged between the front block body 22 and the base block body 23. Each energy absorbing member 24 is arranged in a direction facing the direction of the impact force load from the escape vehicle. The structure of the energy absorbing member 24 itself conforms to that shown in FIG.

In such a vehicle stop device 21, when the escape vehicle collides with the front block body 22, the base block body 23 is fixed, so that a compressive impact load is applied to the FRP energy absorbing member 24. This impact load is effectively relieved through the compression failure of the energy absorbing member 24 itself. FR in the direction facing the impact load
Since the P energy absorbing member 24 is provided, the impact energy is most efficiently absorbed.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a watercraft according to the present invention, which is applied to a small high speed watercraft.
In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes the entire small high-speed boat (motor boat), and the tip portion 33 of the hull of the small high-speed boat
, In the direction opposite to the impact force load direction at the time of collision,
That is, toward the front, the FRP energy absorbing member 32
Is provided in plural. In this embodiment, the cabin 34 is provided on the front side of the hull, and the energy absorbing member 32 is disposed on the front side thereof. The structure of the energy absorbing member 32 itself conforms to that shown in FIG.

In such a small high speed boat 31,
For example, when it collides with another ship or the quay, its prong 3
Impact force is applied from 3 to the entire hull or cabin 34. However, since the FRP energy absorbing member 32 is disposed in the case portion 33 in a direction facing the impact force, the impact energy is efficiently and effectively obtained through the compression destruction of the energy absorbing member 32. Is absorbed by.
Therefore, for example, the impact force that tends to be applied to the cabin 34 is significantly reduced.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the ropeway gondola according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes the entire ropeway gondola, and a direction opposite to the impact force load direction at the time of a crash (mainly the vertical direction, but other directions may be added to the lower floor 43 of the gondola body 42. ), A plurality of FRP energy absorbing members 44 are provided. The floor plate 45 is the bottom plate 4 of the gondola body 42.
It is supported so as to be movable relative to 2a via an energy absorbing member 44. The structure of the energy absorbing member 44 itself conforms to that shown in FIG.

In such a ropeway gondola 41, if the gondola crashes for some reason,
It is expected that the impact force is mainly transmitted from the bottom surface side into the gondola body 42. However, the gondola body 42
Since the FRP energy absorbing member 44 is disposed in the lower floor portion 43 of the above in a direction facing the impact force,
In this portion, the impact energy is efficiently and effectively absorbed through the compression failure of the energy absorbing member 44. As a result, the impact energy transmitted into the gondola body 42 is minimized.

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the elevator case according to the present invention. In the figure, 51 indicates the entire elevator case, and a wire 53 is connected to the upper end of the case body 52. Lower floor 5 of case body 52
4, an FRP energy absorbing member 56 extending vertically is provided between the floor plate 55 and the bottom plate 52a of the case body 52.
Are arranged in plural. The floor plate 55 is supported so as to be movable relative to the bottom plate 52a via an energy absorbing member 56. The structure of the energy absorbing member 56 itself conforms to that shown in FIG.

In such an elevator case 51, when the case 51 crashes for some reason, the bottom plate 5
The impact force is transmitted from 2a into the case main body 52. However, since the FRP energy absorbing member 56 is disposed in the lower floor portion 54 of the case main body 52 so as to face the impact force, the impact energy is efficiently generated through the compression destruction of the energy absorbing member 56 at this portion. Well and effectively absorbed. As a result, the impact energy transmitted on the floor board 55 is minimized.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the elevator apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, 61 shows the whole elevator apparatus, 62 is an elevator case, 63
Indicates an elevator pit. Elevator pit 6
A plurality of FRP energy absorbing members 65 extending in the vertical direction are erected on the bottom surface 64 of No. 3, and a pressing plate 66 is provided thereon. The structure of the energy absorbing member 65 itself conforms to that shown in FIG.

In such an elevator apparatus 61, when the elevator case 62 crashes for some reason, the bottom surface of the case 62 and the pressing plate 66 collide with each other. However, on the lower side of the pressing plate 66, the FRP extending in the vertical direction
Since the energy-producing energy absorbing member 65 is provided upright, the impact energy is efficiently and effectively absorbed through the compression fracture of the energy absorbing member 65. As a result, the impact energy applied to the elevator case 62 is minimized.

By combining the structure of the elevator case shown in FIG. 9 and the structure of the elevator apparatus shown in FIG. 10, it is possible to further reduce the impact force.

[0043]

As described above, in the impact energy absorbing device which can be applied to various fields of the present invention, the impact energy applied to the device at the time of abnormality can be absorbed very efficiently and effectively.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial vertical sectional view of a glider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is an overall perspective view of the glider of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the energy absorbing member of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a guardrail according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the guardrail of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a vehicle stop device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a watercraft according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a ropeway gondola according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic vertical sectional view of an elevator case according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic partial vertical sectional view of an elevator apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Glider 2 Cockpit 3, 14, 24, 32, 44, 56, 65 FRP energy absorption member 3a Trigger 4 Support member 5, 15 Pressing member 11 Guardrail 12, 12a, 12b Wire 13 Energy absorption box 21 Vehicle stop device 22 Front Block body 23 Base block body 31 Small high-speed boat (boat) 33 Shear part 34 Cabin 41 Ropeway gondola 42 Gondola body 43 Lower floor 45 Floorboard 51 Elevator case 52 Case body 54 Lower floor 55 Floorboard 61 Elevator device 62 Elevator case 63 Elevator pit 64 floor 66 pressing plate

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An impact energy absorbing device, characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member that absorbs an impact force from the outside by compressive failure of itself is provided in the device body so as to face in the impact force load direction. 2. A glider characterized in that an FPR energy absorbing member is provided in front of and below the cockpit toward the front and the bottom of the aircraft. 3. A guardrail characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member is provided in a wire tensioned guardrail wire installed on a road in the tension direction of the wire. 4. A vehicle stop device, characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member is provided in a vehicle stop device installed on a railroad track so as to face the direction of impact load from the vehicle. 5. A watercraft characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member is provided at least at a bow portion of the watercraft body so as to face the direction of impact load at the time of collision. 6. A ropeway gondola, characterized in that an FRP energy absorbing member is provided in the lower part of the floor of the gondola main body so as to face the direction of impact load at the time of a crash. 7. An elevator case, wherein an FRP energy absorbing member extending in a vertical direction is provided at a lower portion of the floor of the case body. 8. An elevator apparatus comprising an FRP energy absorbing member extending in a vertical direction on a bottom surface of an elevator pit.