JPH07163830A - Dry dehumidifier and air conditioning equipment using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To obtain a regenerative dry dehumidifier with no moving parts and good adsorption / desorption efficiency. [Structure] A first adsorption / desorption unit in which a plurality of adsorbent heat exchange plates each having an adsorbent layer mounted on the outer surface of a hollow plate are arranged in an air passage with a space therebetween, and a second adsorption / desorption unit having the same constitution The adsorption / desorption unit is arranged in parallel in the air path, and cooling water and heating water are provided in the hollow plate of the first adsorption / desorption unit and the hollow plate of the second adsorption / desorption unit, and when one is cooling water. A dry dehumidifier in which dehumidified air is taken out from the adsorbent unit through which cooling water is flowing by alternately switching so that the other becomes heated water.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry dehumidifier in which a plate heat exchanger has a function of adsorbing and desorbing moisture and an air conditioner using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Dehumidifiers for reducing moisture in the air include those that use an adsorbent (hygroscopic agent) and the cooling and dehumidifying method that dehumidifies air by cooling it below the dew point temperature. However, the adsorbent type is often used in buildings and factories.

The adsorption type dehumidifier includes a dry type dehumidifier typified by a so-called Munter type dehumidifier that rotates a honeycomb rotor impregnated with an adsorbent across a dehumidification path and a regeneration path, a dehumidification tower and a regeneration tower. Well-known wet dehumidifiers that spray dehumidifying liquid onto air for gas-liquid contact are well known, but wet dehumidifiers are generally used to process large amounts of air.

[0004]

In the adsorption type dehumidifier, it is necessary to regenerate the adsorbent that adsorbs moisture (desorption of moisture) in order to continuously operate the adsorption dehumidifier. In the dehumidifier, the rotor is rotated around the dehumidification path and the regeneration path, and in the wet dehumidifier, the dehumidification liquid is circulated in the dehumidification tower and the regeneration tower. Therefore, both require power for rotation or physical distribution.

Particularly, in the conventional Munter type dry dehumidifier, it is difficult to completely seal the rotor and the dehumidifying path and the regenerating path by this rotary operation, and it is inevitable that the regenerating air and the dehumidifying air are mixed. In addition to problems and deterioration of the rotor, there is a problem in the configuration of the device to handle a large amount of air. For this reason, high-pressure air is also blown, but problems with further sealing and deterioration occur, and maintenance is unavoidable.

On the other hand, the wet dehumidifier has a good adsorption / dehumidification efficiency due to gas-liquid contact, but has a problem that the device becomes large in size, the concentration and quality of the dehumidifying liquid must be controlled, and the control is complicated. .

Further, in many buildings in recent years, a cogeneration system for simultaneously supplying electric power and heat is adopted, but in some cases, excess heat cannot be fully utilized in the cooling season. If this surplus heat can be efficiently used for dehumidification for air conditioning, it is no better than this.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems and problems.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a plurality of adsorbent heat exchange plates having an adsorbent layer mounted on the outer surface of a hollow plate through which a fluid flows are spaced apart from each other. The first adsorption / desorption unit arranged in the air passage and the second adsorption / desorption unit having the same structure as that of the first adsorption / desorption unit are arranged in parallel in the air passage, and the hollow plate of the first adsorption / desorption unit and the second adsorption / desorption unit are arranged. The cooling water and the heating water are made to flow through the hollow plate of the unit by alternately switching them so that when one is the cooling water, the other is the heating water, and the adsorbent on which the cooling water is flowing Provided is a dry dehumidifier adapted to take out dehumidified air from a unit.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided air conditioning equipment comprising the dry dehumidifier and an air cooler for cooling the air dehumidified by the dry dehumidifier.

[0011]

Since the dehumidifier of the present invention is of a dry type and has no moving parts, it does not have the problems of failure and defective seal unlike the conventional Munter type, and the plate heat exchanger is constructed as an adsorption / desorption unit. Therefore, the heat exchange area, and thus the adsorption / desorption area, is large and the adsorption / desorption efficiency is good. Moreover, since there is no moving part, any capacity can be freely constructed according to the amount of processing air.

Further, since the plate heat exchanger is constructed as an adsorption / desorption unit, the excess heat generated in the cogeneration system can be easily regenerated through the heat medium flowing through the heat exchanger. Available for

[0013]

1 shows an adsorption / desorption heat exchange plate for constructing an adsorption / desorption unit according to the present invention,
An adsorbent layer 2 is attached to both outer surfaces of a hollow plate 1 through which a fluid flows. The hollow plate 1 shown in the figure is made of a metal plate as in the case of an ordinary plate heat exchanger, but it may be made of a plastic film or sheet in some cases. The metal (or plastic) plate is used as a heat exchange film to exchange heat between the heat medium flowing inside the plate and the air flowing outside the plate. Reference numerals 3 and 4 denote an introduction pipe and a discharge pipe for letting a fluid (liquid) into and out of the hollow plate 1.

In the illustrated example, the adsorbent / desorbent layer 2 is formed by forming an infinite number of fiber metals into a plate shape having gas permeability and impregnating the adsorbent therein. Ordinary synthetic fibers or natural fibers can be used instead of the fiber metal. As the adsorbent, lithium chloride used in ordinary dehumidifiers can be used, but silica gel and zeolite are also suitable. Depending on how the fiber is molded, it is possible to form a large number of fine pores having a fine adsorption / desorption function. In any case, the adsorbent / desorbent layer 2 is hermetically bonded to the outer surface of the hollow plate 1 so that heat is directly transferred to the hollow plate 1.

In addition to the illustrated example, the adsorbent / desorbent layer 2 is formed on the outer surface of the hollow plate 1 by using metal vertical and horizontal fins to form a large number of cells, and the cells are adsorbed to each cell in the cells. The adsorbent may be fixed by loading the agent and then covering the outside with a net.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the adsorption / desorption unit according to the present invention is constructed by arranging a large number of the adsorption / desorption heat exchange plates of FIG. 1 in the air passage 5. The air passage 5 has a rectangular duct shape, and air flows through the air passage 5 in the front-back direction of the drawing sheet. The adsorption / desorption heat exchange plates are arranged in the air passage 5 with a space therebetween (air flows in this space) such that the air flow direction and the surface direction of the adsorption / desorption heat exchange plate are parallel to each other. The introduction pipe 3 of each plate is connected to the introduction header, and the derivation pipe is connected to the derivation header 7. 8 and 9 are perforated pipes mounted in each plate, and by connecting these to the introduction pipe 3 and the derivation pipe 4, the fluid is evenly flowed into the plate through each hole, and from the plate Drain the fluid.

FIG. 3 shows an example of constructing the dehumidifier of the present invention by using two sets of adsorption / desorption units constructed as shown in FIG. That is, the first adsorption / desorption unit A and the second adsorption / desorption unit B having the same structure as that of the first adsorption / desorption unit A are arranged in parallel with each other in the air path C, and the inside of the hollow plate of the first adsorption / desorption unit A and the second adsorption / desorption unit B are arranged. The cooling water and the heating water are made to flow through the hollow plate by alternately switching them so that when one is the cooling water, the other is the heating water, and the cooling water is flowing through the adsorbent unit. The dehumidified air D is taken out from (the unit A in the illustrated state). In the illustrated state, the humid air E is taken out from the adsorption / desorption unit B through which the heated water flows.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which the dehumidifier constructed as shown in FIG. 3 is incorporated in a double duct. That is, the first adsorption / desorption unit A is installed in one duct 10 and the other duct 11 is installed in the other duct 11.
By installing the second adsorption / desorption unit B in the
And airtightness is maintained between the second adsorption / desorption units A and B. In the illustrated example, the duct 10 and the duct 11 are parallel to each other, and the air passing through both ducts has the same direction.
In addition, a fan (not shown) and a damper (not shown) may be installed in the ducts near the air outlet sides of the units A and B, respectively, to form a fan damper chamber.

FIG. 5 shows the double ducts 10 and 1 as shown in FIG.
An example of an air conditioning facility for performing air conditioning using a dry dehumidifier in which the adsorption / desorption units A and B are incorporated in 1 will be shown. In the state shown in the figure, cooling water flows through each hollow plate of the adsorption / desorption unit A, and heating water flows through each hollow plate of the adsorption / desorption unit B. These are arranged at appropriate time intervals. It is switched alternately.

First, the overall configuration of the equipment shown in FIG. 5 will be described while considering the flow of air. An outside air duct 13 for taking in outside air is connected to the inlet side of the dehumidifier 12, and the dehumidifier 1
An air supply duct 14 is connected to the outlet side of 2. An air cooler 15 is provided in the air supply duct 14. Air cooler 15
Is installed for each air-conditioned room 16. With this configuration, the outside air is dehumidified by the dehumidifier 15 and then cooled by the air cooler 15 before being supplied to the air-conditioned room 16. In the illustrated example, the air cooler 15 uses a dry coil (an air cooler that does not cool below the dew point temperature of the air) through which cold water flows, and therefore normally no drain is generated here.

The outside air duct 13 is the first adsorption / desorption unit A.
To the duct 10 in which the second adsorbing / desorbing unit B is arranged, and outside air is sent into both ducts 10 and 11 during operation of the apparatus. At that time, the amount of outside air introduced into each duct is adjusted by the dampers 18 and 19.

Fans 20 and 21 are provided in the ducts 10 and 11, respectively.
The outside air is introduced into the first adsorption / desorption unit A and the second adsorption / desorption unit B by operating both fans simultaneously.

Both the duct 10 and the duct 11 are connected to the air supply duct 14, but are also connected to the exhaust duct 23 at the same time.
3, dampers 24 and 25 are attached so that the air in the duct 10 can be switched and fed, and dampers 26 and 27 are mounted so that the air in the duct 11 can be switched and fed.

On the other hand, the return air in the air-conditioned room 16 is taken out by the return air fan 28, and the return air duct 29 thereof.
Is connected to the outside air duct 13 before entering the dehumidifier 12, part of the return air is mixed into the outside air before treatment, and the other part is exhausted from the exhaust duct 30 to the outside of the system. Reference numeral 31 is a damper for adjusting the amount of return air and the amount of exhaust gas. A part of the return air is dehumidified through the dehumidifier 12 (air cooler 1
A return air intermediate duct 32 is provided so that air can also be mixed into the air (before entering 5), and a damper 33 for adjusting the return air amount is provided.

Next, the operation of the air conditioning equipment having the above structure will be described. First, in the state shown in the drawing, cooling water is passed through each hollow plate of the first adsorption / desorption unit A, and heated water is passed through each hollow plate of the second adsorption / desorption unit B, and the fans 20 and 21 are operated. In this state, the first adsorption / desorption unit A is in a dehumidification function state (a state in which moisture in the air is adsorbed by the adsorbent layer), and the second adsorption / desorption unit B is in a regeneration function state (adsorbent layer The adsorbed water of is desorbed in the air). This operation mode is called mode (1). In mode (1), damper 2
4 is opened, the damper 25 is closed, and the air passing through the unit A is supplied to the air-conditioned room 16 through the air cooler 15.
On the other hand, the air that has passed through the unit B with the damper 26 closed and the damper 27 opened is exhausted through the exhaust duct 23.

When mode (1) operation is continued, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent of the unit A decreases, while desorption of the adsorbent of the unit B proceeds. Therefore, after a lapse of a predetermined time, the mode is switched to the opposite mode (called mode (2)) in which the damper 24 is closed, the damper 25 is opened, and the damper 26 is opened and the damper 27 is closed. The second adsorption / desorption unit B in mode (2)
Is in the dehumidification function state, and the first adsorption / desorption unit A is in the regeneration function state. Mode (2) will be re-started after a predetermined time
Return to (1). When switching between these modes, it goes without saying that the cooling water and heating water supply channels that flow through each unit are switched.

If, for example, the outside air conditions are a dry-bulb temperature of 33 ° C. and a relative humidity of 55% (absolute humidity of 17.5 g / kg), a temperature of 36% is reached at the time of passing through the adsorption / desorption unit that performs the dehumidifying function of the dehumidifier. Air with a relative humidity of 31% (absolute humidity 11.5 g / kg) is obtained at ℃. By passing this air through the air cooler 15, air having a temperature of 15.5 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95% (absolute humidity 10.5 g / kg) is obtained. This air is supplied to the room as air supply. Return air is the air of the indoor environment, for example, temperature 26
Those having a relative humidity of 50% at ° C are discharged by the exhaust fan 28. On the other hand, when the same outside air is supplied to the adsorption / desorption unit that performs the regeneration function and the heating water is supplied to the unit, the moisture in the adsorbent is released to the air, and the regeneration of the adsorbent proceeds.

In this way, in the adsorption / desorption unit that performs the dehumidifying function, the cooling water removes the heat generated by dehumidification,
In the adsorption / desorption unit that performs the dehumidification function, the heating water supplies the heat required for regeneration. In the air cooler 15, the sensible heat exchange between the dehumidified air that has passed through the dehumidifier and the cold water,
Cool the air to the required supply temperature. The air cooler 15 does not generate drainage.

In the air conditioning equipment of the present invention, the heated water can be obtained by utilizing the surplus heat of the cogeneration system. In FIG. 5, the hot water recovered by the engine of the cogeneration system (CGS) or the exhaust heat boiler may be excessive during the normal cooling season.
That is, the CGS thermoelectric ratio does not match the ratio of the building heat load to the power load, and excess heat may be generated. In such a case, as long as the heat is used for the cooling and heating load, the heat must be discarded. However, in the present invention, this surplus heat can be used for dehumidification and ventilation of air.

That is, when the heat of cogeneration energy is excessive, heating water is sent to the dehumidifier of the equipment of the present invention to perform air conditioning with a large amount of outside air introduced. This is
It means intentionally changing the thermoelectric ratio on the load side of the building. This makes it possible to perform air conditioning with a large amount of fresh air introduced, which has a beneficial effect on creating a comfortable environment.

At that time, by adjusting the return air amount through the return air duct 29 and the return air bypass amount through the return air intermediate duct 32 by the dampers 31 and 33,
Since the heat load of the air cooler 15 changes, the thermoelectric ratio on the load side can be controlled.

[0032]

As described above, in the dehumidifier of the present invention, the plate heat exchanger is provided with the function of adsorbing and desorbing moisture. Therefore, high desorption efficiency is achieved by using the cooling water and the heating water. Dehumidification and regeneration operation can be performed under. Since this dehumidifier does not have a moving part like a conventional dry dehumidifier, there is no problem of failure or leak.

By applying the dehumidifier of the present invention to a building provided with a cogeneration system, if the heat of the system exceeds the power of the system, if the heat is used to operate, the fresh air introduction amount can be increased. It has a great effect in that it can realize air conditioning with a lot of airflow (a large number of ventilation times).

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an adsorption / desorption heat exchange plate for constituting an adsorption / desorption unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example in which a large number of adsorption / desorption heat exchange plates of FIG. 1 are arranged in an air passage to constitute an adsorption / desorption unit according to the present invention.

3 is a perspective view showing an example in which the dehumidifier of the present invention is configured by using two sets of the adsorption / desorption units of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example in which the dehumidifier of FIG. 3 is incorporated in a double duct.

FIG. 5 is a device arrangement system diagram showing an example of air conditioning equipment for performing air conditioning using the dry dehumidifier of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hollow plate 2 Adsorbent layer 5 Air passage 10 One of the double ducts 11 The other duct of the double ducts 12 Dehumidifier according to the present invention 13 Outside air duct 14 Air supply duct 15 Air cooler 16 Air conditioning target Room 20, 21 Fan 23 Exhaust duct 29 Return air duct 32 Return air intermediate duct A 1st adsorption / desorption unit B 2nd adsorption / desorption unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masao Ogura 2-8-105 Wakaba, Tachikawa, Tokyo (72) Masahiro Oka 7-14-7 Minamikoiwa, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of adsorbent heat exchange plates each having an adsorbent layer mounted on an outer surface of a hollow plate through which a fluid flows, arranged in an air passage at intervals. An adsorption / desorption unit and a second adsorption / desorption unit having the same structure as the adsorption / desorption unit are arranged in parallel in the air path, and cooling water and heating are provided in the hollow plate of the first adsorption / desorption unit and the hollow plate of the second adsorption / desorption unit. The dry type, in which water and water are made to flow alternately by switching when one is cooling water and the other is heating water, and dehumidified air is taken out from the adsorbent unit through which the cooling water is flowing Dehumidifier. 2. A first plurality of adsorbent heat exchange plates in which an adsorbent layer is mounted on the outer surface of a hollow plate through which a fluid flows, and the adsorbent heat exchange plates are arranged in an air passage at intervals. An adsorption / desorption unit and a second adsorption / desorption unit having the same structure as the adsorption / desorption unit are arranged in parallel in the air path, and cooling water and heating are provided in the hollow plate of the first adsorption / desorption unit and the hollow plate of the second adsorption / desorption unit. The dry type, in which water and water are made to flow alternately by switching when one is cooling water and the other is heating water, and dehumidified air is taken out from the adsorbent unit through which the cooling water is flowing An air conditioner comprising a dehumidifier and an air cooler for cooling the air dehumidified by the dry dehumidifier. 3. The air conditioning equipment according to claim 2, wherein outside air is introduced into the first adsorption / desorption unit and the second adsorption / desorption unit, and the air passing through the adsorption / desorption unit through which the heated water flows is exhausted. . 4. The air conditioning equipment according to claim 2, wherein the heated water is obtained by utilizing surplus heat of the cogeneration system. 5. The air conditioning equipment according to claim 3, wherein a part of the return air of the air-conditioned room is mixed with the intake air of the dry dehumidifier. 6. The air conditioner according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein a part of the return air in the air-conditioned room is mixed with the air dehumidified by the dry dehumidifier and then aerated to the air cooler. Facility.