JPH07166178A - Liquid fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a liquid fuel composition capable of being easily prepared from wastes and having high stability even at a low viscosity. CONSTITUTION:This wastes-containing liquid fuel composition contains water- insoluble waste oils, water-soluble waste solvents and water as liquid components. The liquid fuel composition contains about 10-90wt.% of the water- insoluble waste oils, about 5-85wt.% of the water-soluble waste solvents and about 5-85wt.% of water. The composition has a heating value of about >=2500kcal/kg, a viscosity of about <=2000 centipoise at 25 deg.C and a chlorine (Cl) content of about <=3000ppm. The liquid state of the composition is e.g. W/O-type emulsion or O/W-type emulsion. This liquid fuel composition can be produced by utilizing a wide range of wastes and also is suitable for the use as e.g. auxiliary liquid fuel for burning in cement production.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid fuel composition which can be used as a liquid auxiliary fuel by recycling industrial waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Most of industrial wastes containing oil such as waste oil and sludge are incinerated. However, incineration of industrial waste, etc. requires a large amount of money, and the incineration capacity is insufficient due to the recent remarkable increase in industrial waste, etc.

Therefore, it has been proposed to recycle such industrial waste as liquid fuel. For example, in JP-A-59-74187, a high-viscosity heavy oil such as asphalt or a mixture of the heavy oil and an organic substance in various waste liquids, water or a mixture of water and a lower alcohol,
And a method for atomizing the heavy oil or the like by rapidly ejecting a paste-like dispersion composition obtained by adding a partially saponified polyvinyl acetate from a high temperature and high pressure state to a normal pressure state is disclosed. . In addition, Japanese Patent Publication 5-4759
No. 6 discloses that the oil content of industrial waste is adjusted to 10 to 90% and the water content is adjusted to 10 to 60%, water and oil are emulsified into a water-in-oil type, and the viscosity at 20 ° C. is 2300 to 6200 centipoise. , A method of recycling industrial waste, which is used as a liquid auxiliary fuel for burning cement by adjusting the calorific value to 3000 kcal / kg or more, is disclosed.

However, since the regenerated fuel compositions described in these publications have high viscosity, they have poor fluidity and are likely to cause problems such as clogging during liquid feeding. for that reason,
When spray burning, it is necessary to take measures such as raising the temperature of the composition (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-7072). Further, when the viscosity of the fuel composition is lowered, the dispersion stability is lowered. Therefore, colloidal emulsifiers and dispersion stabilizers are often required (see JP-A-57-90095, JP-A-59-74187, etc.).

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid fuel composition having a high stability even with a low viscosity.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid fuel composition which can utilize a wide range of wastes, is easy to prepare and handle, and is excellent in combustion efficiency and combustion stability.

[0007]

The present inventor has paid attention to the fact that the liquid components contained in the waste can be classified into water-insoluble waste oil, water-soluble waste solvent and water. The inventors have found that a liquid fuel composition that does not require a dispersion stabilizer and has high stability even with a low viscosity can be obtained, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a liquid fuel composition containing waste, which contains, as liquid components, a water-insoluble waste oil, a water-soluble waste solvent and water.

[0009] The waste includes industrial waste, specially controlled industrial waste and general waste, and industrial waste and specially controlled industrial waste that are discharged stably and in large quantities from a specific business site are suitable. Used for. Industrial waste includes the substances specified in the "Waste Disposal and Cleaning Law" and its enforcement orders, such as cinders, sludge, waste oil, waste acids, waste alkalis, waste plastics, and waste paper. , Wood waste, fiber waste, animal and plant residues, rubber waste, metal waste,
Examples thereof include glass waste and ceramic waste, mineral slag, construction waste materials, animal manure, animal carcasses, and dust. In the present invention, among others, wastes containing a large amount of liquid components such as sludge, waste oil, waste acid, and waste alkali are frequently used.

The main characteristics of the liquid fuel composition of the present invention are:
The liquid components include water-insoluble waste oil, water-soluble waste solvent and water. The liquid component means a liquid having fluidity at room temperature and does not include semisolid asphalt. When the waste containing the liquid component is in a liquid state, it is often the case that the viscosity at 25 ° C. is 10,000 centipoises or less, preferably 0.5 to 5000 centipoises.

The water-insoluble waste oil is mainly a mineral waste oil,
It is often contained in vegetable waste oil and animal waste oil. The mineral waste oil is, for example, oil tank sludge;
It is included in sludge such as light oil, kerosene, gasoline, and naphtha; waste oil such as machine oil, lubricating oil, and cutting oil. The vegetable waste oil is rapeseed oil, soybean oil, rice bran oil, cottonseed oil,
It is contained in squeezed residues of vegetable oils and fats such as corn oil, palm oil and sunflower oil; waste oils after the vegetable oils and fats are used for food processing; waste oils of terpenes such as pine resin.
The animal waste oil is contained in animal oil waste liquid such as cow, pig, sheep, chicken and fish. Proteins are often contained in these animal fat and oil effluents. In addition to the above, water-insoluble waste oil includes waste plasticizers containing water-insoluble plasticizers such as adipic acid derivatives, glycol derivatives, and phthalic acid derivatives, and process waste oil in the petroleum refining industry, petrochemical industry, food industry, etc. Is also included.

The solubility of the water-insoluble oil component constituting the water-insoluble waste oil in water is often less than about 5 g per 100 g of water. Examples of the water-insoluble oil component include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, and isoprene; cycloheptane,
Alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene, cymene, and styrene; monovalent aliphatics having 5 or more carbon atoms such as pentanol, hexanol, and decanol Alcohols; aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol; phenols such as cresol; ketones having 6 or more carbon atoms such as methyl isobutyl ketone and acetophenone; vinyl acetate and propyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, ethyl propionate, bis adipate (2-Ethylhexyl), diisodecyl adipate, methylphthalyl ethyl glycolate, dimethyl phthalate, esters of 5 or more carbon atoms such as fats and oils; and chain ethers such as diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether.

The water-soluble waste solvent is, for example, waste paint,
It is contained in dope, processing waste oil and washing waste liquid of machinery and electronic materials, waste liquid of tanks and bilges of ships, process waste liquid discharged from various processes such as refining, extraction, reaction and washing.

The solubility of the water-soluble solvent component constituting the water-soluble waste solvent in water is often about 5 g or more per 100 g of water. As the water-soluble solvent component,
For example, monohydric aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol;
Polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerin; polyethylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. , (Poly) alkylene glycol mono (or di) alkyl ethers such as ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether; lower fatty acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid; hydroxy acids such as lactic acid; methyl formate C2-4 fatty acid alkyl such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate Esters; ketones having about 3 to 4 carbon atoms such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; lower aliphatic aldehydes such as acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde; amines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, piperazine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine and diethylenetriamine; Alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monopropanolamine; pyridine, picoline,
Examples thereof include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds such as quinoline.

Preferred water-soluble waste solvents are monohydric aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, polyhydric alcohols, polyalkylene glycols, (poly) alkylene glycol mono (or di) alkyl ethers, and 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
Examples of the waste solvent include at least one water-soluble solvent component selected from fatty acid alkyl esters having about 4 carbon atoms, ketones having about 3 to 4 carbon atoms, amines and alkanolamines.

The liquid fuel composition of the present invention comprises water. Water is found in vegetable oil and oil residue, waste paints, process effluents, oil tank sludges, drainage sludges, industrial effluents, and many other waste products. Therefore, a wide range of waste can be used. Further, the water may be unused water such as industrial water.

As described above, the liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains, as liquid components, water-insoluble waste oil and water,
Contains water-soluble waste solvent. This water-soluble waste solvent is
It has an affinity for both water-insoluble waste oil and water.
Probably because of this, the liquid fuel composition of the present invention can obtain high dispersion stability even with a low-viscosity dispersion liquid.

In the liquid fuel composition of the present invention, the amount of each of the water-insoluble waste oil, the water-soluble waste solvent and the liquid component of water can be selected within a wide range, but the water-insoluble waste oil is preferably contained with respect to the total amount of the liquid component. 10-90% by weight, water-soluble waste solvent 5-85% by weight and water 5-85% by weight, more preferably water-insoluble waste oil 10-75% by weight, water-soluble waste solvent 5-70% by weight and water 20. To 85% by weight, and more preferably 10 to 70% by weight of water-insoluble waste oil.
Water-soluble waste solvent 5 to 65% by weight and water 25
It is about 85% by weight. In a particularly preferred liquid fuel composition, the proportion of water-insoluble waste oil to the total amount of liquid components is about 10 to 60% by weight, and the proportion of water-soluble waste solvent is 5 to 5.
The proportion of water is about 55% by weight, and the proportion of water is about 25 to 65% by weight.

When the ratio of each liquid component is set within the above range, it is difficult to separate into two layers without using a dispersion stabilizer.
A liquid fuel composition having extremely high stability, low viscosity, high calorific value, and excellent combustion stability during combustion can be obtained.

The solid content in the liquid fuel composition of the present invention can be appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the fluidity, but is, for example, 0 to 50% by weight, preferably 0 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 0. It is about 20% by weight. The solid content also includes a semi-solid component such as asphalt. The amount of heat generated can be increased by adding solid waste plastic or the like. When the solid content is insoluble in the liquid fuel composition, it is pulverized to have a diameter of, for example, 1 mm.
It is preferable to make the particles finer below.

The liquid fuel composition of the present invention may optionally contain
As a liquid component, in addition to the water-insoluble waste oil, the water-soluble waste solvent and water, an unused water-insoluble oil containing the water-insoluble component (for example, crude oil, heavy oil, animal or vegetable oil, etc.) and /
Alternatively, it may include an unused water-soluble solvent containing the water-soluble component.

The calorific value of the liquid fuel composition of the present invention is 25
00 kcal / kg or more, especially 3000 kcal / kg
It is preferably about 12000 kcal / kg.
A liquid fuel composition having a calorific value of 2500 kcal / kg or more can be suitably used as a liquid auxiliary fuel for cement burning. A liquid fuel composition having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more can be used as an auxiliary fuel for a fluidized bed boiler. The calorific value can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and mixing ratio of each liquid component and solid content.

Viscosity of liquid fuel composition of the present invention (25 ° C.)
Is preferably 2000 centipoises or less, more preferably 0.3 to 1000 centipoises, further preferably 0.5 to 500 centipoises, and particularly preferably 1 to 20 centipoises.
It is about 0 centipoise. Since the liquid fuel composition having a viscosity of 2000 centipoise or less is remarkably excellent in fluidity, troubles such as clogging during liquid feeding are unlikely to occur and work efficiency is improved. Further, it is possible to avoid increasing the viscosity in winter. Furthermore, high combustion stability can be obtained without adversely affecting the combustion of main fuels such as coal. Further, the composition having a viscosity of 500 centipoise or less can be suitably used as an auxiliary fuel for a fluidized bed boiler.

In the liquid fuel composition of the present invention, elements forming corrosive substances and harmful substances, for example, halogen elements such as chlorine (Cl), fluorine (F) and bromine (Br); beryllium (Be) ), Magnesium (Mg), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), niobium (Nb), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn), mercury (Hg), thallium (Tl), lead (Pb). ) And other metal elements; phosphorus (P); sulfur (S); selenium (Se); and arsenic (As).

Preferred liquid fuel compositions include, for example, C
l content of 5000 ppm or less (preferably 3000 pp
m or less, more preferably about 2000 ppm or less),
F content 5000ppm or less (preferably 1000pp
m or less, more preferably about 400 ppm or less), P
Content 3000ppm or less (preferably 2000ppm
Or less, more preferably about 400 ppm or less), S content of 10,000 ppm or less (preferably 5000 ppm)
Or less, more preferably about 500 ppm or less), As
Content 500ppm or less (preferably 100ppm or less, more preferably about 15ppm or less), Pb content 15000ppm or less (preferably 200ppm or less, more preferably about 30ppm or less), or C
d content 2000ppm or less (preferably 100ppm
The liquid fuel composition is included below, more preferably about 3 ppm or less).

The liquid fuel composition having a Cl content of 3000 ppm or less, preferably 2000 ppm or less, can be used as an auxiliary fuel for cement burning. Cl and F contents are 5000 ppm or less, Pb content is 15000 ppm or less, and Cd content is 2000 pp
A liquid fuel composition of m or less can be used as an auxiliary fuel for a non-ferrous smelting converter or a flash smelting furnace. Further, as an auxiliary fuel for ironmaking blast furnace, P content is 400 ppm or less, S content is 500 ppm or less, As content is 500 pp.
It is possible to use the composition having m or less and Pb content of 200 ppm or less. Further, Cl content is 500 ppm or less, F content is 400 ppm or less, S content is 5000 pp
m or less, As content 15 ppm or less, Pb content 30 p
The composition having pm or less and Cd content of 3 ppm or less can be suitably used as an auxiliary fuel for a fluidized bed boiler. The liquid fuel composition suitable for each of these uses can be prepared by appropriately selecting the waste used as a raw material.

The liquid fuel composition of the present invention may be in the form of a homogeneous solution, suspension, water-in-oil type or oil-in-water type emulsion, but it has a low solid content and a low viscosity. Water-in-oil type or oil-in-water type emulsions from which the composition (1) is obtained are preferable. Among them, oil-in-water type emulsions, whose viscosity is easily reduced, are often used.

The liquid fuel composition of the present invention can be easily obtained by mixing one or more wastes containing at least one of the above water-insoluble waste oil, water-soluble waste solvent and water. The waste can be mixed by a conventional stirrer, shaker, disperser or the like.

As described above, the liquid fuel composition of the present invention has high dispersion stability even if it is a dispersion liquid, so that it does not require an emulsifier or a dispersion stabilizer, but the emulsifier or the like should be added. You can also Examples of the emulsifier include nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, anionic surfactants such as alkylbenzene sulfonate, and surfactants such as cationic surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium chloride. Can be mentioned.

The liquid fuel composition thus obtained can be widely used for auxiliary fuel such as blast furnace, non-ferrous smelting (for example, copper smelting) converter and flash smelting furnace, in addition to cement burning.

[0031]

Since the liquid fuel composition of the present invention contains the three components of water-insoluble waste oil, water-soluble waste solvent and water,
High stability even with low viscosity.

Further, a wide range of wastes can be used, and preparation, especially preparation of a low-viscosity liquid fuel composition is easy, and the handleability is excellent. Since the low-viscosity liquid fuel composition has excellent fluidity, it has high combustion efficiency and combustion stability, and can improve working efficiency.

[0033]

The present invention will be described in more detail based on the following examples, but the invention is not intended to be limited by these examples.

Examples 1 to 24, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 For each Example and Comparative Example, 2 to 3 kinds of wastes A to N shown in Table 1 (however, 1 kind in Comparative Example 1) were used. Mixing and stirring were carried out at the ratios shown in Table 2 and Table 3, respectively. In addition,
As waste polyethylene powder of waste N, average particle size 10μ
m powder was used. The liquid component content (wt%), liquid component composition (wt%), calorific value (kcal / kg), viscosity (centipoise), and liquid state of the obtained liquid fuel composition are shown in Tables 2 and 3, and Cl, F, P, S, As, Pb
The contents (ppm) of each element of Cd and Cd are shown in Tables 4 and 5. In the table, the liquid component composition indicates the ratio of each liquid component to the total amount of water-insoluble waste oil, water-soluble waste solvent and water. Further, in the table, “water-insoluble” and “water-soluble” represent water-insoluble waste oil and water-soluble waste solvent, respectively. Viscosity indicates a value measured by a rotational viscometer at 25 ° C. In the liquid column, "S" indicates a solution, "O / W" indicates an oil-in-water emulsion, and "W / O" indicates a water-in-oil emulsion. In Tables 4 and 5, "-" indicates that there is no data.

[0035]

[Table 1]

[0036]

[Table 2]

[0037]

[Table 3]

[0038]

[Table 4]

[0039]

[Table 5] The liquid fuel compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 24 had extremely high stability regardless of liquid state, and neither layer separation nor condensation occurred. Further, as shown in Tables 2 to 5, these liquid fuel compositions have low viscosity, high calorific value, and elements that form corrosive substances or harmful substances such as Cl, F, Pb, and Cd. The content of was also extremely low.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A liquid fuel composition comprising waste, comprising:
A liquid fuel composition comprising, as liquid components, a water-insoluble waste oil, a water-soluble waste solvent and water. 2. The liquid component composition is water-insoluble waste oil 10-9.
0% by weight, water-soluble waste solvent 5-85% by weight and water 5-
The liquid fuel composition according to claim 1, which is 85% by weight. 3. The liquid fuel composition according to claim 1, which has a calorific value of 2500 kcal / kg or more. 4. The liquid fuel composition according to claim 1, which has a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 2000 centipoise or less. 5. The liquid fuel composition according to claim 1, which has a chlorine (Cl) content of 3000 ppm or less. 6. The liquid fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is a water-in-oil type or an oil-in-water type emulsion.