JPH0689636B2 - Trapezoidal hole excavation method and device - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a trapezoidal hole excavating method and apparatus for a shield excavator, and more particularly to a trapezoidal hole excavating method and apparatus for excavating the ground into a trapezoidal shape.

[Prior Art] Recently, a concept of connecting skyscrapers in a network by a large-depth and large-section underground tunnel having a circular cross-section has attracted attention. This concept is to construct a large circular cross section tunnel by continuously providing small cross section tunnels in an annular shape on the outer peripheral planning line to form a cylindrical underground shell, and to the small cross section tunnel by rail,
Infrastructure facilities such as roads and water and sewage systems will be provided. In addition, a large circular tunnel obtained by excavating the inside of the underground cylindrical shell will be provided with living facilities such as sports and leisure in the upper half, and an underground reservoir will be provided in the lower half. That is.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, since the conventional shield excavator excavates the ground in a circular cross section or a rectangular cross section, a small cross section tunnel constructed by the shield excavator is continuously formed in an annular shape around the outer circumference of the circular cross section tunnel as a cylindrical underground shell. However, since the contact surface between the small cross-section tunnels is small, there is a problem that the waterproofness is not sufficient and sufficient strength as a ground crust cannot be expected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a trapezoidal shape that can improve the waterproofness of the contact portion between the small cross-section tunnels forming the underground shell and further improve the strength of the underground shell. An object of the present invention is to provide a hole excavating method and its device.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pair of truncated cone-shaped drums provided at a predetermined interval via a rotary shaft provided at the tip of a shield excavator main body orthogonal to the excavation direction. The cutter and a pair of truncated cone-shaped drum cutters are eccentrically provided between the drum cutter and the ring cutter to form a truncated cone shape as a whole, and rotate to excavate a trapezoidal hole in the ground. It is characterized by that.

[Action]

According to the present invention, one of a pair of drum cutters forming the excavation element is formed on a truncated cone larger than the other, and the pair of drum cutters forms a cone having a space at the center, and the space at the center is formed. Since the ring cutter is arranged so that the excavation surface of the ring cutter is on the same line as the excavation surface of the drum cutter, it is necessary to rotate the pair of drum cutters and the pair of ring cutters to excavate a hole having a trapezoidal cross section. Can be done.

〔Example〕

The trapezoidal hole excavating method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shield excavator 10 having a trapezoidal cross section has trapezoidal shield frames 12, 12 ... Of substantially the same shape. At the tip of this shield frame 12, a trapezoidal shield excavator body 14 is arranged on the same axis. A tail seal 16 for sealing the shield frame 12 is provided at the rear of the shield excavator body 14. Shield excavator body 14
Is connected to the front end of the shield frame 12 via the shield jacks 18, 18, 18 at the rear part thereof. Therefore, the shield jacks 18, 18 ... Can be expanded and contracted to propel the shield excavator 10 and control the propulsion direction of the shield excavator 10.

Further, a partition 14A is formed at the tip of the shield excavator body 14. On the front side of this partition 14A, the gear case 2
0 is fixed, and trapezoidal drum cutters 26 and 28 are rotatably supported at the tip of the gear case 20 via shafts 22 and 24 supported coaxially. The drum cutter 26 has a truncated cone shape, and the drum cutter 28 has a truncated cone shape larger than the drum cutter 26. Furthermore, a trapezoidal ring cutter 32 via the shafts 30, 30
32 is rotatably supported. This ring cutter 32,
32 is formed in a truncated cone shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is arranged between the drum cutters 26 and 28. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, a combination of the drum cutters 26, 28 and the ring cutters 32, 32 has a trapezoidal shape as a whole. Also, ring cutter 32, 32 and drum cutter
Cutter bits 34, 34, ... Are provided around the entire circumference of 26, 28. Further, on the rear side of the partition wall portion 14A of the shield excavation main body 14, as shown in FIGS. Has been.

In FIG. 3, the rotational force of the motors 38, 38 is transferred to the drum cutters 26, 28.
Also, the power transmission mechanism 40 that transmits to the ring cutters 32, 32 is shown.

This power transmission mechanism 40 includes a speed reducer 36,
It has bevel gears 46, 46 fixed to 36 output shafts 44, 44. Bevel gears 46, 46 have bevel gears 48, 48
Are in mesh. The bevel gears 48, 48 are fixed to both ends of the shaft 50, and a gear 52 is fixed to the center of the shaft 50. The gear 52 is connected to the gear 70 via the gears 54, 56, 58 and 60. The gear 70 is fixed to the central portion of the shaft 72, and gears 74, 74 are fixed to both ends thereof. The gear 74 is connected to a gear 78 via a gear 76, and the gear 78 is fixed to the shaft 22 and the shaft 24. The shafts 22 and 24 are rotatably supported by the gear case 42. The shafts 22 and 24 are arranged on the axes of the drum cutters 26 and 28, and their ends are fixed to the drum cutters 26 and 28.

Therefore, when the motors 38, 38 are driven, the speed reducers 36, 36 bevel gears 46, 46, bevel gears 48, 48, gears 52, 54, 56, 5
8, 60, 70, shaft 72, gears 74, 74, 76, 76, 78, 7
8. The drum cutters 26, 28 rotate via the shafts 22, 24.

Further, the gear 78 is connected to the gear 82 via the gear 80. The gear 82 is fixed to the end of the shaft 30, and the shaft 30 is rotatably supported by the gear case 42. A ring cutter 32 is fixed to the central portion of the shaft 30. Therefore, at the same time as the drum cutters 26, 28 rotate, the ring cutters 32, 32 rotate via the shafts 30, 30.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a water supply pipe 84 is arranged above the partition wall 14A, and a propeller 88 for adjusting the amount of suction of earth and sand is attached to the lower part of the water discharge pipe 84 near the opening of the earth discharge pipe 86. There is.

A seal member (not shown) is provided on the rotating portions of the drum cutters 26, 28 and the ring cutters 32, 32 to prevent the entry of muddy water.

The operation of the trapezoidal hole excavating device according to the present invention configured as described above will be described.

First, the water is sent from the water supply pipe 84 to the chamber 90, and the motors 38, 38 are driven. This allows the bevel gear 48, 48
Rotates via reduction gears 36, 36, drive shafts 44, 44, and bevel gears 46, 46. The rotating force of the bevel gears 48, 48 is transmitted to the gear 70 via the shaft 50 and the gears 52, 54, 56, 58, 60. The rotation of the gear 70 rotates the shaft 72 and the gears 74 and 74, and the rotational force of the gears 74 and 74 is transmitted to the shafts 22 and 24 via the gears 76 and 76 and the gears 78 and 78. Therefore, the drum cutter
26 and 28 rotate. Further, the rotational force of the gear 78 is the gears 80, 82.
Is transmitted to the shaft 30 via the shafts 30, the two ring cutters 32, 32 rotate via the shafts 30, 30.

As a result, the drum cutters 26, 28 and the ring cutters 30, 30 rotate in the same rotation direction.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, since the drum cutters 26, 28 and the ring cutters 32, 32 are formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape as a whole, the ground not shown has the same trapezoidal sectional shape as the shield frame 12. Can be drilled in.

The scrap generated by the excavation is discharged from the discharge pipe 86 together with the earth and sand.

In addition, the gear case 20 supporting the shafts 22 and 24 of the drum cutters 26 and 28 and the shaft 30 of the ring cutter 32.
Is placed between the drum cutters 26 and 28, so that the ground can be efficiently dug without leaving a moat, and the shape of the gear case 20 is set to obtain sufficient strength. You can do it.

Further, since the shield jack 18 can control the shield excavator body 14 in an arbitrary direction, the excavation direction can be easily changed, and the tunnel excavation device can be excavated along the planned line.

In the above embodiment, the case where the excavating element 100 including the pair of drum cutters 26 and 28 and the pair of ring cutters 32 and 32 is used as a single piece has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the drilling elements 100 may be combined in three rows and three stages to drill a relatively large trapezoidal hole. FIG. 5 shows an underground shell 105 for reinforcing the outer circumference of the circular cross-section tunnel 102 by continuously providing small cross-section tunnels 104, 104 ... With nine drilling elements 100 combined in the state of FIG. The formed state is shown.

In this way, when the ground shell 105 as shown in FIG. 5 is formed, the contact surface 104A between the small cross-section tunnel 104 and the small cross-section tunnel 104 is in contact with the entire side surface of the small cross-section tunnel 104, and the contact surface 104A becomes large. Water resistance of the part is improved, and further, the earth's crust
Strength of 105 is improved. This trapezoidal small section tunnel 10
Infrastructures such as railways, roads, and water and sewers can be installed in the spaces 4, 104 ..., Living facilities such as sports and leisure can be installed in the upper half of the circular section tunnel 102, and underground reservoirs can be installed in the lower half. At this time, in particular, when linearity is required on the upper and lower sides of the trapezoidal cross section, it is also possible to realize a complete trapezoidal cross section by combining the left and right columns upside down as shown in FIG. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the drilling elements 100 are arranged in two rows.
Small cross-section tunnels 108, 108 are continuously provided on the outer periphery of the circular cross-section tunnel 106 shown in FIG.
It is also possible to form 109. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the drilling elements 100 may be used in combination in one row and two stages. 9 which are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In order to construct a large trapezoidal cross section by combining the drilling elements 100 as described above, the combined element 100
There is no restriction on the number of.

Further, the excavated cross section is not limited to the trapezoidal shape, and the excavated cross section (outer shape indicated by the chain double-dashed line 107) as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 can be used. The drum cutter 150 shown in FIG. 10 is formed in a conical shape and the ring cutter 152 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the excavated cross section has a rhombic shape as a whole. The upper drum cutter 154 shown in FIG. 11 is formed in a hemispherical shape, and the lower drum cutter 1
56 is formed in a tubular shape and the ring cutter 158 is formed in a tubular shape, and the excavated cross section has a horseshoe shape as a whole. The drum cutter 160 shown in FIG. 12 is formed in a hemispherical shape and has a ring cutter 162.
Is formed in a tubular shape, and the excavated section has an oval shape as a whole.

In addition, although the muddy water pressure shield construction method has been described in the above embodiment, it can be applied to excavation of the earth pressure shield construction method, the propulsion construction method, or the mountain tunnel construction method.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the trapezoidal hole excavating method and the apparatus thereof according to the present invention, it is possible to excavate a hole having a trapezoidal cross section in the ground, so that the trapezoidal holes are in contact with each side portion. It is possible to form a cylindrical ground shell by continuously providing. Therefore, the contact surface between the small cross-section tunnels is widened, the water blocking property of the contact portion is improved, and the strength of the underground shell can be further improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a trapezoidal hole excavating device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an implementation of the trapezoidal hole excavating device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment showing a state in which the excavating elements of the trapezoidal hole excavating device according to the present invention are combined in three rows and three stages, and FIG. The trapezoidal hole excavator shown in the figure is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a cylindrical ground shell is provided on the outer circumference of a circular cross-section tunnel, and FIG. 6 shows a state in which the combinations of the three rows in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic front view showing a state in which a cylindrical underground shell is formed on the outer circumference of a circular cross-section tunnel in a state where excavating elements of a trapezoidal hole excavating device according to the present invention are combined in two rows and two stages. Part enlarged view, FIG. 8 is an overall schematic view of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a row of trapezoidal hole excavating equipment according to the present invention Sectional view showing a state in which the combined stage, FIG. 10 through FIG. 12 is a front view showing the excavation drilling device drilling section other than trapezoidal. 10 …… Shield excavator with trapezoidal cross section, 22, 24 …… Shaft, 26, 28 …… Drum cutter, 32 …… Ring cutter, 40
...... Power transmission mechanism, 84 …… Water supply pipe, 86 …… Drainage pipe, 100
…… Drilling element.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Tachikawa 1-3-4, Yoshikawa housing complex, Yoshikawa-cho, Kita-Katsushika-gun Saitama Prefecture Hiroyuki Hamamura 31-62 Kashiwara, Sayama City Saitama Prefecture (72) Inventor Taro Watanabe 4-25-3 Kamiogi, Suginami-ku, Tokyo (56) Reference JP-A-57-201493 (JP, A) JP-A-2-210193 (JP, A) JP-A 2-116596 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of truncated cone-shaped drum cutters, which are provided at a predetermined interval via a rotary shaft provided at the tip of a shield excavator main body at right angles to the excavation direction, and a pair of truncated cones. Shape A ring cutter that is eccentrically provided between the drum cutters, and the drum cutter and the ring cutter as a whole have a truncated cone shape, and rotate to excavate a trapezoidal hole in the ground to form a trapezoidal hole. Excavation method. 2. The trapezoidal hole excavating method according to claim 1, wherein the trapezoidal excavating hole is continuously excavated to form an annular excavating hole as a whole. 3. A pair of frustoconical drum cutters and a pair of frustoconical drum cutters coaxially arranged at a tip of a shield excavator body with a rotation axis perpendicular to the excavation direction. An excavating element having a ring cutter disposed eccentrically between the drum cutter and the ring cutter and having a truncated cone shape as a whole, and a power transmitting means for transmitting a rotational force to the drum cutter and the ring cutter of the excavating element. A trapezoidal hole excavating device comprising: and a soil discharging means for discharging the earth and sand excavated by the excavating element. 4. The trapezoidal hole excavating device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of excavating elements are arranged in parallel and in multiple stages on the shield excavator body to excavate a hole having a trapezoidal excavation cross section.