JPH0679674B2 - Centrifugal fluid pulverizer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a crusher. More specifically, the present invention relates to a centrifugal fluidizing and pulverizing apparatus which is provided with an outer peripheral ring and a rotating dish and which pulverizes raw materials by centrifugally flowing a pulverizing medium such as steel balls or ceramic balls contained in the apparatus.

[Prior Art] There are various types of crushing devices such as a tube mill and a vertical mill, but the steel balls or ceramics housed inside are installed by installing the rotary plate upward and rotating the rotary plate. Grinding media such as balls (hereinafter referred to as balls)
What is commonly called a vertical ball mill is known in which the raw material is crushed and ground by circulating the material.

In this type of vertical ball mill that has been used for a long time, there is a problem that the crushing and grinding action is weak, or the energy input to the device is easily consumed other than the crushing and grinding action, and the energy efficiency is low. there were.

Therefore, the present applicant has applied for a patent for a centrifugal fluidizing and pulverizing apparatus having a rotating dish and a fixed ring as follows. (Japanese Patent Application Sho 60-2
65379,60-266867 to 266872,61-99745 etc.).

This rotating dish has a rotation axis oriented in the vertical direction, at least a central portion of which has a dish surface whose diameter expands downward, and a vertical cross section of the dish surface is concavely curved. It is like a dish.

The stationary ring has an inner wall surface with at least an upper portion having a diameter reduced upward, and has a shape in which a vertical cross section of the inner wall surface is curved in a concave shape. ing.

Further, in the centrifugal fluidizer, the plate surface of the rotary plate and the inner wall surface of the fixed ring are formed into a continuous smooth surface except for a minute gap between the rotary plate and the fixed ring.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, an ultra-light product such as an organic substance having a particularly small specific gravity, for example, a crushed material having a specific gravity of about 0.1 to 0.5, or the crushed material itself is flaky even if pressure is applied from the outside. Those that recover their original shape when the pressure is removed, that is, synthetic resins such as vinyl and polyethylene, wood, mica, etc., which have a very small friction coefficient and are slippery, are also used in the above-mentioned crushing device. It was difficult to grind, and it was very difficult to grind a large amount up to the region of submicron particles. One of the possible reasons for these phenomena is that, due to the peculiar properties of these crushed materials (small specific gravity, flaky shape, small friction coefficient), they are present between the crushing medium and the inner surface of the crushing part of the crusher during crushing. It is thought that this is due to the fact that the crushing energy is not effectively imparted to these crushed materials, because most of them are present in the upper part of the crushing medium.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the device of the present invention, in order to solve the above problems and obtain many submicron particles of these pulverized materials by effective pulverization, the rotation axis is oriented in the longitudinal direction. , A rotatable circular rotary plate having a shape in which at least a central portion has a dish surface that expands downward and the longitudinal cross section of the dish surface is concavely curved, and at least the upper portion faces upward. An inner wall surface that is reduced in diameter, and a vertical cross section of the inner wall surface that is curved in a concave shape, and includes a stationary ring that is provided around the rotating dish coaxially and is stationary, In the centrifugal fluidizing and pulverizing apparatus, wherein the plate surface of the rotary plate and the inner wall surface of the fixed ring are formed as a continuous smooth surface except for a minute gap between the rotary plate and the fixed ring, Providing at least one or more protruding members along the longitudinal or inclined direction of the inner circumferential surface And it has a structure.

[Operation] In the centrifugal fluidizing and crushing apparatus of the present invention, at least one or more projecting members are provided along the longitudinal or inclined direction of the inner circumferential surface of the fixed ring, so that the specific gravity of the crushing raw material is extremely small. Items that are easily deformed and crushed when external force is applied (for example, synthetic resins such as vinyl and polyethylene, wood, mica, etc.) and those that have a small wear coefficient and are difficult to crush (these are collectively referred to as crushing When the material is charged) and crushed, the ball as the crushing medium and the crushing raw material are in a crushing chamber surrounded by the plate surface of the rotating plate and the inner wall surface of the fixed ring at a speed lower than the rotating speed of the rotating plate. While revolving in the circumferential direction, it also performs a vertical circular motion that circulates on the dish surface and the inner wall surface, and a spiral movement that twists the rope that combines these two motions (this motion is commonly called centrifugal flow. I am doing) Then, suddenly, it collides with the projecting member and the spiral movement is blocked there, and it falls along the wall surface or slope of the projecting member. In this way, in the conventional centrifugal flow pulverizing apparatus without the protruding member, the phenomenon that the pulverizing raw material composed of the crushable substance having a low specific gravity is often gathered on the upper side of the ball during the movement and the progress of the pulverization is suppressed, In the device, the ball is dropped on the crushed raw material while avoiding it. Since at least one protrusion member is provided on the inner surface of the circumference of the fixed ring, and usually a plurality of protrusion members are provided at equal pitches, the spiral movement is intermittently broken, and the crushed raw material is broken between the dish surface or the inner wall surface and the ball each time. Since it intervenes, the crushing progresses faster than in the past, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the apparatus of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part, and FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing III-III view of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of another embodiment of the device, and FIG.
It is a schematic plan view of the -V view.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a fixed ring, and 2 is a rotating dish. The fixed ring 1 is fixed to the upper side of a drum-shaped casing 4 whose bottom surface is sealed by a plate 3, and the plate 3 is supported by a pedestal 5. A support block 6 is fixedly mounted on the rotary plate 2, and the support block 6 is supported by the plate 3 via a bearing device 7. That is, an opening 8 is formed in the central portion of the plate 3, the flange portion 10 of the bearing housing 9 is locked to the edge portion of the opening 8, and the bolt 8
It is fixed by 11. A drive shaft 12 is connected to the lower side of the support block 6, and the drive shaft 12 is connected to an output shaft 15 of a speed reducer 14 via a joint 13. Reference numeral 17 is a variable speed motor for driving, and is connected to the speed reducer 14.

A lid member 18 is attached to the upper side of the rotary plate 2. The lid member 18 is provided with a flange 19 on the outer periphery of the lower end thereof, and the flange 19 is mounted on a flange 20 projecting from the outer peripheral edge of the upper end of the fixed ring 1 and fixed by a bolt 21. A discharge pipe 22 is installed in the center of the lid member 18, and a chamber for crushing or reforming surrounded by the stationary ring 1, the rotary plate 2 and the lid member 18 inside the discharge pipe 22 (hereinafter referred to as a crushing chamber). It communicates with 23. The lid member 18 is provided with a charging pipe 24, and the inside of the charging pipe 24 communicates with the crushing chamber 23.

Next, the configurations of the fixed ring 1 and the rotary plate 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The fixed ring 1 has a ring shape installed with the axial direction being the vertical direction, and the diameter in the middle of the height direction (hereinafter referred to as the middle part) 1b is the largest. In the fixed ring 1, a lower portion (hereinafter, referred to as a lower portion) 1c is slightly reduced in diameter from the middle portion 1b, and an upper portion (hereinafter, referred to as an upper portion) 1a is reduced in diameter from the middle portion. is doing. Therefore,
The inner wall surface 1A of the fixed ring 1 is slightly expanded in diameter from the lower portion 1c toward the middle portion 1b, the middle portion 1b is substantially vertical, and the middle portion 1b is located at the upper portion.
The diameter is reduced toward 1a, and the inner wall surface 1A is curved in a vertical cross section. A flange 25 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the middle portion 1b of the fixed ring 1, and the flange 25 is mounted on a flange 26 provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the casing 3 and fixed by a bolt 27.

The plate surface 2A of the rotary plate 2 has a shape in which the diameter increases downward in the central portion 2a, it is substantially horizontal in the intermediate portion 2b that follows the central portion, and the outer peripheral portion 2c that follows the intermediate portion 2b.
Then, the diameter is increased upward. The dish surface 2A is curved in a concave shape as a whole, and the inner wall surface of the fixed ring 1 is formed.
1A and the dish surface 2A form a continuous smooth surface except for a minute gap 29 between the fixed ring 1 and the rotary dish 2.

A pointed cap 30 is attached to the central portion of the rotary plate 2,
It is fixed by bolts 31. A shaft hole 32 is formed in the central portion of the rotary plate 2, and the upper end of the support block 6 is fitted in the shaft hole 32. The lower end of the bolt 31 is screwed into a piece 33 provided on the upper end of the support block 6.

Although not shown, the inner wall surface 1A of the fixed ring 1 and the rotary plate 2
A liner is attached to each of the dish surfaces 2A.

Further, projecting members 50 are provided along the circumference of the inner surface of the fixed ring 1 at four locations along the circumference.

An inlet 34 for introducing a gas such as air is formed in the plate 3 so that the gas can be introduced into a gas chamber 36 in the casing 4 through a pipe 35.

Further, a powder collecting means (not shown) such as a bag filter is connected to the discharge pipe 22.

Next, the crushing process of the crushing raw material made of the hardly crushable substance by the centrifugal fluidizing crushing device configured as described above will be described.

In the crushing chamber 23, a large number of crushing media made of, for example, spherical balls are loaded in advance. First, the pulverized raw material is charged into the apparatus through the charging pipe 24. A combination of a circular motion (arrow S) in which the crushing raw material and the crushing medium circulate between the inner wall surface 1A of the fixed ring 1 and the plate surface 2A with the rotation of the rotary plate 2 and an orbital motion of the rotary plate 2 around its axis. Performs a spiral movement (centrifugal flow) that twists the rope due to, while grinding or stripping the pulverized raw material.

That is, when the rotating dish 2 is rotated, the grinding medium is moved in the outer peripheral direction by the centrifugal force, and the velocity energy crawls up the inner wall surface 1A of the fixed ring 1, and when the climbing force becomes smaller than gravity, then It separates from the wall surface 1A and falls onto the plate surface 2A of the rotary plate 2. The grinding medium that has moved onto the dish surface 2A is again moved toward the fixed ring 1 along the dish surface 2A.

When the rotating dish 2 is rotated, the grinding medium revolves in the circumferential direction at a speed lower than the rotation speed of the rotating dish 2. Therefore, the crushing medium performs not only the circular motion S in the up-and-down direction which circulates the plate surface 2A and the inner wall surface 1A as described above, but also the revolution motion which rotates around the axis of the rotary plate 2. Performs a spiral movement (centrifugal flow) that twists the rope that synthesizes the movement.

In this way, the crushing medium makes a motion of climbing up the inner wall surface 1A while maintaining the movement of the rotary plate 2 in the circumferential direction. When the inner wall surface 1A is fixed, The combined speed of the directional speed (revolution speed) and the crushing speed of the grinding medium directly becomes the speed difference between the inner wall surface 1A and the grinding medium. Therefore, the speed difference between the crushing medium and the inner wall surface 1A becomes extremely large, and the grinding action by the action of the crushing medium when moving on the inner wall surface 1A becomes extremely strong.

Further, the pulverizing medium that has left the inner wall surface 1A and has landed on the dish surface 2A rolls down smoothly along the dish surface 2A, so that the inner wall surface 1A is moved by the motion of rolling down the dish surface 2A. It is possible to convert the potential energy obtained when running up to the kinetic energy in the radial direction, so that the energy once applied to the grinding medium can be effectively used for the peeling action without consuming it unnecessarily. . Furthermore, when descending along the dish surface 2A, the grinding medium slides on the dish surface 2A, so that grinding or peeling is performed even during this descending motion.

The crushing action (including grinding, peeling, etc.) in the crushing chamber described above is preferably carried out by a hard and brittle material having a specific gravity much higher than 1, such as silica, alumina or ceramics. , A material whose specific gravity is much smaller than 1, such as synthetic resin, wood, and mica, which can be easily deformed even when external force is applied and which immediately restores its original state when the external force is removed. In the pulverization of a so-called crushed material such as a material that is small and has a slippery surface that is difficult to grip, the crushed material is less likely to be present between the crushing medium and the crushing surface, and is therefore effective. The grinding performance is extremely poor because the grinding energy is not transmitted.

Therefore, in the centrifugal fluidizing and crushing apparatus of the present invention, the protruding member 50 is provided as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to intermittently break the above-described spiral advancing motion, and as a result, the crushing raw material is crushed. It is intended to promote the crushing efficiently by increasing the number of the media interposed between the medium and the crushing surface.

That is, during the crushing operation, the aggregate of the crushing medium and the crushing raw material that advances spirally in the annular space formed by the rotating dish and the fixed ring collides with the side surface of the protruding member 50 and loses kinetic energy. Although it falls along the side surface of the projecting member 50, at this time, the pulverized raw material, which has been concentrated above the pulverizing medium at this time, is distributed more under the pulverizing medium due to a change in the distribution situation. .

As described above, after returning to the normal spiral moving motion again, it comes into contact with the next protruding member and falls. In other words, in the device of the present invention, the dropping action and the spiraling motion due to the contact with the protruding member are alternately switched intermittently, so that the crushed raw material, which has been seen in the crushing of ultra-light items and difficult-to-crush substances, is lifted up. The phenomenon (a phenomenon in which many crushed raw materials gather on the upper side of the ball) is destroyed as much as possible to efficiently crush these raw materials.

In FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the protruding member 50 is vertically provided along the inner surface of the fixed ring 1, but as in the other embodiments shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. It can also be mounted in a tilt direction having a tilt angle θ. In this case, it is desirable that θ be in the range of 5 ° to 20 °.

Although the crushing proceeds as described above, the discharge of the material after the crushing is as follows. That is, pipe 3
5. If an appropriate amount of air is introduced into the crushing chamber 23 from the gas chamber 36 and the gap 29 and the centrifugal fluidizing crushing as described above is continued for a certain period of time, the crushing raw material is separated by grinding or peeling, The powder is discharged from the discharge pipe 22 together with the air. A classifier may be provided at the top of the centrifugal fluidizing and grinding apparatus of the present invention to discharge only the required fine powder.

Since gas is blown into the crushing raw material and the crushing medium being centrifugally fluidized through the gap 29, the fine powder of the crushing raw material is immediately conveyed by air flow and discharged. Therefore, the fine powder once peeled off does not adhere to the base substance again.

Of course, the air can be introduced into the crushing chamber 23 by suction from the discharge pipe 22 instead of by blowing air from the pipe 35.

In this way, it is possible to surely pulverize the crushing raw material of the extremely light product or the crushable material which is difficult to crush, and it is possible to efficiently obtain the crushing raw material of high purity.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the centrifugal flow pulverization apparatus of the present invention, the presence of the protrusion member causes the crushing medium and the pulverization raw material to be intermittently broken in the spiral advancing motion, and the side surface of the protrusion member. Since it falls along the surface of the crushed raw material, the specific gravity is much smaller than 1, elastically deformed by external force, and it can be easily restored to its original shape by removing the external force, and the friction coefficient is small and the surface is smooth. Fine pulverization of the crushed substance can be realized efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the apparatus of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part, and FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing III-III view of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of another embodiment of the device, and FIG.
It is a schematic plan view of the -V view. 1 ... Stationary ring, 2 ... Rotating pan, 1A ... Inner wall surface, 2A ... Plate surface, 3 ... Plate, 4 ... Casing, 14 ... Reducer, 17 ... Motor, 18 ... Lid member , 22 …… discharge pipe, 23 …… grinding chamber, 24 …… input pipe, 29 …… gap, 50 …… protruding member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotation having a shape in which a rotation axis is oriented in a vertical direction, at least a central portion has a dish surface whose diameter is expanded downward, and a longitudinal cross section of the dish surface is curved in a concave shape. It has a freely rotatable circular dish and at least an upper part of which has an inner wall surface that reduces in diameter upward, and the inner wall surface has a shape in which a vertical cross section is curved in a concave shape. A stationary ring that is installed and stationary, and the plate surface of the rotary plate and the inner wall surface of the fixed ring form a continuous smooth surface except for a minute gap between the rotary plate and the fixed ring. In the formed centrifugal fluidizing and pulverizing apparatus, at least one or more projecting members are provided along the longitudinal or inclined direction of the inner circumferential surface of the fixed ring.