JPH065289A - Polymer electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents
Polymer electrolyte fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH065289A JPH065289A JP4159227A JP15922792A JPH065289A JP H065289 A JPH065289 A JP H065289A JP 4159227 A JP4159227 A JP 4159227A JP 15922792 A JP15922792 A JP 15922792A JP H065289 A JPH065289 A JP H065289A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer electrolyte
- fuel cell
- electrode
- electrolyte fuel
- porous body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【構成】 少なくとも一部が発泡金属又は撥水処理をほ
どこした発泡金属から成る電極を有する高分子電解質型
燃料電池。
【目的】 ガス拡散電極の触媒層への反応ガスの拡散特
性を向上させるので、反応ガスの拡散律速により制限さ
れる限界電流密度を増大させる効果がある。
(57) [Summary] [Structure] A polymer electrolyte fuel cell having an electrode at least a part of which is made of a foam metal or a foam metal subjected to a water-repellent treatment. [Objective] Since the diffusion characteristics of the reaction gas into the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrode are improved, there is an effect of increasing the limiting current density which is limited by the diffusion rate control of the reaction gas.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、電気化学的な発電装置
の一種である高分子電解質型燃料電池に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which is a type of electrochemical power generator.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の高分子電解質型燃料電池では、た
とえば特開平３−１０２７７４号公報に示されるよう
に、高分子電解質膜とバルクの金属電極の間にはカーボ
ンの多孔質体加工品のみが拡散電極として配置されてい
た。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-102774, only a carbon porous body processed product is provided between the polymer electrolyte membrane and the bulk metal electrode. Was arranged as a diffusion electrode.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】高分子電解質膜とバル
クの金属電極間に配置する電極の機能として Ｈ2→２Ｈ+＋２ｅ-及び２Ｈ+＋１／２Ｏ2→Ｈ2Ｏの触
媒反応の反応場としての機能、 水素、酸素を触媒層に拡散させる機能と酸素極の触媒
層で生成する水（２Ｈ+＋１／２Ｏ2→Ｈ2Ｏ）及び水素
極から高分子電解質膜を通り、酸素極側に移動した水を
外部に排出する機能、 電気化学反応により生じる電子を移動させる機能、 がある。従来のこの種の装置では高分子電解質膜とバル
クの電極の間に触媒層を有するカーボンの多孔体加工品
を配置し、このカーボン多孔体加工品のみで上記３つの
機能を担っていた。しかしながら、の機能を向上さ
せるためには、カーボン多孔体の気孔率を向上させる必
要があり、カーボン多孔体の気孔率を向上させるとの
電子を移動させる機能が低下するという問題かあった。As a function of an electrode arranged between a polymer electrolyte membrane and a bulk metal electrode, a reaction field of catalytic reaction of H 2 → 2H + + 2e − and 2H + + 1 / 2O 2 → H 2 O Function, as a function of diffusing hydrogen and oxygen into the catalyst layer and water (2H + + 1 / 2O 2 → H 2 O) generated in the catalyst layer of the oxygen electrode and from the hydrogen electrode through the polymer electrolyte membrane to the oxygen electrode side. It has the function of discharging the water that has moved to the outside and the function of moving the electrons generated by the electrochemical reaction. In a conventional device of this type, a processed carbon porous body having a catalyst layer is arranged between a polymer electrolyte membrane and a bulk electrode, and the processed carbon porous body alone has the above three functions. However, in order to improve the function of, it is necessary to improve the porosity of the carbon porous body, and there is a problem that the function of moving electrons for improving the porosity of the carbon porous body is deteriorated.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、少なくとも一
部が発泡金属から成る電極を有することを特徴とする高
分子電解質型燃料電池及び少なくとも一部が撥水処理を
ほどこした発泡金属から成る電極を有することを特徴と
する高分子電解質型燃料電池を提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell characterized in that it has an electrode of which at least a portion is made of foam metal, and at least a portion of which is made of a foam metal which has been subjected to a water repellent treatment. Provided is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having an electrode.
【０００５】以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明を説明
する。図１は、本発明の一具体例であって、高分子電解
質膜（１０１）の両側を触媒を担持したカーボン多孔質
体（１０２）ではさみ、これらの外側を撥水処理をほど
こしたニッケル、銅、アルミニウムなどの発泡金属（１
０３）ではさみ、さらにこれらの外側をバルクの電極で
はさむという構造を有している。また、好ましくは１０
３の撥水処理を行っていない部分に耐触性材料（白金、
金など）でコーティングする。The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is one embodiment of the present invention, in which a carbon porous body (102) carrying a catalyst is sandwiched between both sides of a polymer electrolyte membrane (101), and nickel having a water repellent treatment is applied to the outside thereof. Foam metal such as copper and aluminum (1
03), and further has a structure in which the outside of these is sandwiched by bulk electrodes. Also, preferably 10
In the non-water repellent part of No. 3, the touch-resistant material (platinum,
Coating).
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】このような構造になっているので、カーボンの
多孔質体の触媒層の中で高分子電解質膜の近傍に存在す
る高反応領域への反応ガスの供給が撥水処理をほどこし
た発泡金属を通して行われる。また、電気化学反応によ
って生じる電子は、導電性がカーボン多孔体よりすぐれ
る発泡金属を通って移動する。With such a structure, the reaction gas is supplied to the high reaction area existing in the vicinity of the polymer electrolyte membrane in the catalyst layer of the carbon porous body so that the foam is treated with a water repellent treatment. Done through metal. Also, the electrons generated by the electrochemical reaction move through the metal foam, which has better conductivity than the carbon porous body.
【０００７】一方、カーボン多孔質体内部に生成した水
は撥水処理をほどこした発泡金属電極を通して、円滑に
外部に排出される。従って、電極内の水の滞留により引
き起こされる反応ガスの拡散性の低下を防ぐことができ
るので、反応ガスの拡散律速により制限される限界電流
密度の増大させることに対し有効に働き、これにより出
力密度を向上させることができる。On the other hand, the water generated inside the carbon porous body is smoothly discharged to the outside through the foamed metal electrode which has been subjected to the water repellent treatment. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the decrease in the diffusivity of the reaction gas caused by the retention of water in the electrode, which effectively works to increase the limiting current density that is limited by the diffusion-controlling rate of the reaction gas. The density can be improved.
【０００８】以下に実施例により本発明をより具体的に
説明するが、以下に開示するものは本発明の一実施例に
過ぎず、本発明の技術的範囲を限定するものではない。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but what is disclosed below is merely one example of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】高分子電解質膜としてナフィオン（Ｎａｆｉ
ｏｎ、登録商標）１１７［デュポン（ＤｕＰｏｎｔ）社
製、膜厚約１７０μｍ］を用い、白金触媒を担持したカ
ーボン多孔質体（ＰＴＦＥ：カーボン＝８：２、膜厚２
００μｍ）を接合した。次に、ニッケル製の発泡金属
（厚さ１ｍｍ）に対して図３のようにＰＴＦＥのコーテ
ィングを行った撥水処理層０．８ｍｍ（３０１）と、両
端に撥水未処理層各０．１ｍｍ（３０２）とを有する構
造のニッケル製発泡金属を上記カーボン多孔体の両側か
らプレス接合し、その両側にバルクの電極（カーボン
板）を配置した。[Example] As a polymer electrolyte membrane, Nafion (Nafi)
On, registered trademark) 117 [manufactured by DuPont, film thickness: about 170 μm], and a carbon porous material carrying a platinum catalyst (PTFE: carbon = 8: 2, film thickness 2).
00 μm) was bonded. Next, a water-repellent layer 0.8 mm (301) obtained by coating PTFE on a metal foam made of nickel (thickness 1 mm) as shown in FIG. 3 and water-repellent untreated layers 0.1 mm on both ends. A nickel foam metal having a structure having (302) was press-bonded from both sides of the carbon porous body, and bulk electrodes (carbon plates) were arranged on both sides thereof.
【００１０】この構造体の片側から常圧の水素ガス（供
給速度１００ｓｃｃｍ）を、他方から常圧の酸素ガス
（供給速度５０ｓｃｃｍ）を供給し、この高分子電解質
型燃料電池の電流−電圧特性を測定した。結果を図４に
示す。Hydrogen gas at a normal pressure (supply rate 100 sccm) was supplied from one side of this structure, and oxygen gas at a normal pressure (supply rate 50 sccm) was supplied from the other side, and the current-voltage characteristics of this polymer electrolyte fuel cell were measured. It was measured. The results are shown in Fig. 4.
【００１１】図２に示した従来の構造［高分子電解質
膜：ナフィオン１１７，カーボン多孔質体：厚さ５００
μｍ（触媒層２００μｍ，非触媒層３００μｍ，ＰＴＦ
Ｅ：カーボン＝８：２）］の比較例に比べ、本発明の実
施例では短絡時の電流密度が約２０％、最大出力密度も
約２０％向上した。The conventional structure shown in FIG. 2 [polymer electrolyte membrane: Nafion 117, carbon porous body: thickness 500]
μm (catalyst layer 200 μm, non-catalyst layer 300 μm, PTF
E: carbon = 8: 2)], the current density at the time of short circuit and the maximum power density were improved by about 20% in the example of the present invention.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上のような構成であるから、
ガス拡散電極の触媒層への反応ガスの拡散特性を向上さ
せるので、反応ガスの拡散律速により制限される限界電
流密度を増大させる効果があり、高分子電解質型燃料電
池として効果的である。Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
Since the diffusion characteristic of the reaction gas into the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrode is improved, it has the effect of increasing the limiting current density limited by the diffusion-controlling rate of the reaction gas, and is effective as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【図１】 本発明の高分子電解質型燃料電池の断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention.
【図２】 従来の高分子電解質型燃料電池の断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【図３】 本発明の実施例に用いた発泡金属の断面図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a metal foam used in an example of the present invention.
【図４】 高分子電解質型燃料電池の本発明の実施例及
び比較例による電流−電圧特性を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing current-voltage characteristics of polymer electrolyte fuel cells according to Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
１０１，２０１ 高分子電解質膜 １０２，２０２ 触媒担持カーボン多孔質体 １０３ 発泡金属電極（撥水処理済み） １０４ バルクの電極 ３０１ 発泡金属電極撥水処理層 ３０２ 発泡金属電極撥水未処理層 101, 201 Polymer Electrolyte Membrane 102, 202 Catalyst-Supporting Carbon Porous Body 103 Foamed Metal Electrode (Water Repellent Treatment) 104 Bulk Electrode 301 Foamed Metal Electrode Water Repellent Treated Layer 302 Foamed Metal Electrode Water Repellent Untreated Layer
Claims (2)
を有することを特徴とする高分子電解質型燃料電池。1. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell having an electrode at least a part of which is made of foam metal.
発泡金属から成る電極を有することを特徴とする高分子
電解質型燃料電池。2. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell, characterized in that it has an electrode made of a foam metal at least a part of which is subjected to a water repellent treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15922792A JP3211378B2 (en) | 1992-06-18 | 1992-06-18 | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15922792A JP3211378B2 (en) | 1992-06-18 | 1992-06-18 | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH065289A true JPH065289A (en) | 1994-01-14 |
| JP3211378B2 JP3211378B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
Family
ID=15689119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15922792A Expired - Fee Related JP3211378B2 (en) | 1992-06-18 | 1992-06-18 | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3211378B2 (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2781606A1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-01-28 | Sorapec | NEW BIPOLAR COLLECTOR FOR FUEL CELL |
| WO2000060686A1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-12 | Sorapec | Bipolar collector characterised by discrete collecting of charges |
| WO2001024295A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Sorapec | Bipolar collectors for pem-effect fuel cells |
| JP2004063095A (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-02-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Current collector plate for polymer electrolyte fuel cells |
| JP2005158324A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| US6991871B2 (en) | 2002-08-27 | 2006-01-31 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| JP2007053007A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-03-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| JP2007066750A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Gas diffuser for fuel cell, separator for fuel cell, and fuel cell |
| JP2010251291A (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-11-04 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Membrane-electrode assembly of fuel cell, transfer sheet for electrode production, and production method thereof |
| US7838172B2 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2010-11-23 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Composite porous body, gas diffusion layer member, cell member, and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2015001862A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cells, and production method thereof |
| WO2015151828A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-08 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Collector for fuel cells, and fuel cell |
| CN105478235A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-04-13 | 福建紫荆环境工程技术有限公司 | Wet electric dust precipitator and water repelling and electric conducting electrode thereof |
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| JP4501385B2 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2010-07-14 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Gas diffusion layer member and cell member for polymer electrolyte fuel cell, polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
-
1992
- 1992-06-18 JP JP15922792A patent/JP3211378B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000005775A1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-03 | Sorapec | Bipolar collector for fuel cell |
| FR2781606A1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-01-28 | Sorapec | NEW BIPOLAR COLLECTOR FOR FUEL CELL |
| WO2000060686A1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-12 | Sorapec | Bipolar collector characterised by discrete collecting of charges |
| FR2792114A1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-13 | Sorapec | IMPROVEMENT FOR BIPOLAR COLLECTORS CHARACTERIZED BY A DISCRETE COLLECTION OF LOADS |
| WO2001024295A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Sorapec | Bipolar collectors for pem-effect fuel cells |
| FR2799308A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-06 | Sorapec | IMPROVEMENTS ON BIPOLAR COLLECTORS FOR PEM-TYPE FUEL CELLS |
| JP2004063095A (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-02-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Current collector plate for polymer electrolyte fuel cells |
| US6991871B2 (en) | 2002-08-27 | 2006-01-31 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| US7838172B2 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2010-11-23 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Composite porous body, gas diffusion layer member, cell member, and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2005158324A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JP2007053007A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-03-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| JP2007066750A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Gas diffuser for fuel cell, separator for fuel cell, and fuel cell |
| JP2010251291A (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-11-04 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Membrane-electrode assembly of fuel cell, transfer sheet for electrode production, and production method thereof |
| WO2015001862A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cells, and production method thereof |
| JPWO2015001862A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2017-02-23 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Metallic gas diffusion layer for fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| US10033047B2 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2018-07-24 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cells, and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2015151828A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-08 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Collector for fuel cells, and fuel cell |
| JP2015195115A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Fuel cell current collector and fuel cell |
| US10797323B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2020-10-06 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Current collector for fuel cell, and fuel cell |
| CN105478235A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-04-13 | 福建紫荆环境工程技术有限公司 | Wet electric dust precipitator and water repelling and electric conducting electrode thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3211378B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
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