JPH06502836A - Method and apparatus for forming double-layer glass panels - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Apparatus and equipment for forming double-layer glass panels A1 The present invention relates to double-layer glass panels, particularly methods and apparatus for forming such panels. Regarding the location.

Car windshields, side windows, rear windows, sunroofs, and Architectural glass for buildings (e.g. skylights, impact-resistant safety glass (1ntrusion 5) safety glass), sunroom doors, etc.) Glass panels are well known. These panels are made of glass as well as Absorbs blows from objects without penetrating the flannel, making it safe for people in the surrounding area Contains an energy-absorbing plastic layer that can provide

Commercially available laminated glass panels typically have one sheet of glass on each side of the energy absorbing layer. have An alternative to this three-layer structure is a plastic that typically consists of two or more layers. It is two layers with one piece of glass for the inner layer. Because there is no inner glass layer, In addition to being lighter, when an impact sufficient to break double-layered glass occurs, the interior or The risk of exposure to broken glass inside the vehicle is greatly reduced.

Plasticized polyvinyl butyral is the best choice for the energy absorption layer of the three-layer structure mentioned above. is also commonly used. Such polyvinyl butyral interacts with glass and polyvinyl alcohol (part P) to create a strong bond in the laminate. Contains about 15-30 1% by weight of hydroxyl expressed as VB" Contains 0 to 2.5% by weight of acetate expressed as vinyl acetate, with the remainder being polyvinyl vinyl. butyral, expressed as tyral). The plasticized part PVB sheet is made of three layers. Since it has been used commercially for a long time in laminated glass panels, manufacturers of laminated glass Must have sufficient knowledge of handling and properties of sheets. This sheet can also be used in two layers. It is proposed that U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,147 describes partial PV in two layers. Focusing on the bond between B and polyurethane, U.S. Patent No. 4,952,457 describes a two-layer We are looking at the moisture tolerance of plasticized PVB sheets. disclosed in these patents A damage-resistant inner surface facing the interior of the passenger compartment or room containing two layers, as shown in It is also known to use crosslinked polyurethane in two layers.

These patented systems, which have been quite successful, consist of two layers of plastic components. Although the properties are well handled, they are not suitable for economical production of two layers on a commercial scale.

Ordinary J υ1 force Now, there is a commercially attractive manufacturing system for double-layer glass panels.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing double-layer glass panels. It is to provide.

Other purposes include commercially meaningful and procedural handling for producing such panels. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple method and apparatus for this purpose.

Another purpose is to create a double-layered structure using partial PVB and polyurethane as structural components. This is an improvement to the last panel.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent in part from the following description and claims.

The above object and other objects are to provide a method for forming double-layer glass panels. The method achieved by a) cross-linking self-healing (self-healing) oriented polyester film coated with a polyurethane layer, preferably is an optically transparent prelaminated biaxially oriented polyethylenetetraphthalate film. b) the sides of the polyester film rather than the polyurethane layer; face-to-face contact with the textured surface of the polyvinyl butyral layer. plasticized with degassing holes on the outside of the area to be used, preferably in glass panels bonding the partial polyvinyl butyral layer and the prelaminate; C) bonding step b); tightening the layer in a peripheral fixing device; d) subsequently i) venting, preferably through a venting hole; The interface between polyester film and plasticized polyvinyl butyral by ii) glass shield the localized area of the layer of step C) in the surrounding fixation device; 1ii) to bond the plastic layer and the glass sheet; The plastic layer is then tightened into the surrounding fixing device and the stage Ill Steps i), ii), 1ii) of placing the assembly of ) under high temperature and pressure; and optionally carrying out step C) in an air autoclave. .

The apparatus for forming double-layer glass panels comprises: a) an autoclave chamber; b ) i) a peripheral fastening device for the multilayer composite sheet; ii) a support and a support within the periphery of the peripheral fastening device; and 1ii) support associated means for applying negative pressure to the ripener assembly. a thermoformed assembly within the autoclave chamber; and C) the autoclave chamber. d) means for creating a negative pressure in the autoclave chamber; e) means for controlled heating of the air content in the autoclave chamber; including means for

11 years 1 emperor 11 thoughts In describing the invention as a whole, reference is made to the following accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the device assembly of the present invention.

2 is a plan view of parts of the apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an alternative to FIG.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detailed cross-section showing a portion of the plastic layer during the molding step of the present invention. It is a diagram.

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing a double layer glass panel of the present invention.

11 blood 1 11j Reference is now made to the drawings. Equipment for forming double-layer glass panel 100 (FIG. 5) The apparatus 10, shown in its entirety in FIG. An erected material that is strong enough to withstand the significant vacuum and pressure generated during the process. It includes an autoclave chamber 12.

at least one, preferably a plurality of thermoforming assemblies 14a, 14b, 14c; is housed in the chamber 12.

A suitable retractable hand of the chamber 12 serves to feed the ripening assembly 14. A step (not shown), for example a closed hinged access door, is provided in the wall 13. Ru.

Each aged assembly 14 (FIGS. 2 and 3) is a layered composite assembly, which will be described in more detail. a perimeter anchoring device 16 for the seat, a support 18 within the periphery of the perimeter anchoring device 16, and a thermoforming a support 18 and associated means 20 (FIG. 1) for creating a vacuum on the assembly 14; 2) to form a shallow cylindrical housing 26 (Figure 2). including an opening 22 (FIG. 3) in an upright side wall 24 secured to a bottom 28. There is. An opening of the means 20 in the side wall 24 of the housing 26 of each ripening mold assembly 14 The mouth portion 22 includes tubes 29a and 29b.

It communicates with the vacuum pump 30 via 29C (FIG. 1).

When multiple thermoforming assemblies 14 are used, each opening 22 is connected to a manifold. It is connected to tube 29 through 27.

The means 34 (FIG. 1) differs from the means 2o in that the means 34 (FIG. provided for emptying and having one end 38 inside the chamber 12 and the other end 38 inside the chamber 12; is extending through a tube 36 that communicates with the vacuum pump 30.

The apparatus 10 also provides controlled heating of the air within the autoclave chamber 12. means 40 (FIG. 1) for conductive heating in chamber 12; Illustrated as a coil assembly 42 and an air circulation fan 44. coil 42 is typically electrically connected to a power source (not shown) when functional.

The support surface 46 of the support base 18 (FIG. 3) is fixed to the support surface and is made of, for example, silicone rubber. The glass layer 102 is made of an elastomer material such as A yieldable support layer having an outer shape as shown in FIG. ring layer) 48.

Each peripheral fixing device 16 (FIG. 3) includes a sealing ring 49 and a and a plurality of evenly spaced threading knobs 50a, 50b. these The knob is a rotatable knob located at 54 on a bracket secured to the side wall 24 of the housing 26. Pivoting movement in the direction of arrow 52 through the attached parts to engage and disengage the ring 49 Performs the function of elimination.

A tapered bore 56 on the vertical axis of the support 18 within the housing 26 allows the bolt 62 to Therefore, it engages with the thread 58 of the member 60 fixed to the bottom part 28 at tl, mL. C The vertical position of the support base 18 within the housing 26 can be adjusted by rotating the base 18 to 9t! 0: by cooperatively moving upward or downward along the thread 58 Set. Multiple circumferentially spaced and horizontally adjustable positions The dowel bolt 64 moves the support base 18 into a cylindrical housing by engagement with the inner surface of the side wall 24. It is installed concentrically within the ring 26. Support platform, surrounding housing and cooperating surroundings If the shape of the anchoring device is not circular (e.g. rectangular), the vertical position of the support is , determined by alternative means (e.g. gym stock between the platform and the bottom of the housing) be done.

Autoclave chamber at 70 through line 72 containing control valve 74 Means 66 (FIG. 1) including an air compressor 68 communicating with A positive pressure is generated within the chamber 12 at an appropriate stage.

Each ripening assembly 14 has a suitable support 11! so that it can be taken out on the ff (not shown) or alternatively, one or more may be stacked on top of each other within the chamber 12. It will be done.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, in which parts identical to those of FIGS. 2 and 3 are designated with the same numbers, the thermoforming Assembly 14 optionally provides communication between vacuum opening 22 and support platform 18. A spacer 76 having a weep hole 77'i on the side wall 24 and the support platform 18 for supporting seven areas of the layered composite material 32. The contoured surface 78 of the supporter 76 avoids extensive unsupported areas during molding. . The presence of this zone can destroy the composite material. For example, the shape of the peripheral two layers is different. A single common housing for accommodating supports 18 of different shapes and therefore different contours. 26, use a spacer 76 with an appropriate shape and peripheral range. I can do it. Therefore, when molding a special two-layer shape with such a common housing, In some cases, spacers 76 may be used to provide substantially unsupported areas as described above. However, in a shape with a larger periphery as shown in Figure 3, unnecessary objects can be avoided. It can be removed as

From now on, a double-layer glass panel 100 (section 5) of glass and plastic will be manufactured using the equipment t. A method for molding using lo will be explained.

Light supplied to apparatus 110 for manufacturing double-layer glass panels with glass The chemically transparent pre-laminate is made of cross-linked self-healing polyurethane (PU). coated and, in some cases, to promote adhesion to the plasticized portion P”v’B. Oriented polyester (e.g. polyethylene terephthalate) that has been treated or coated on the opposite side to (PET)) film. About pre-laminate molding will be explained later.

Instead of PU, the PET side faces the lower side of the plasticized PVB layer. The laminate is bonded with the plasticized part PVB. This entire assembly is made of single composite material. It is shown schematically in FIG. 3 as material 32 and in detail in FIG. 80 in Fig. 5 is a plasticizing part 82 is a PET layer, and 84 is a PU layer. PET layer 82 The surface 86 of 90 abuts the layer 84, and the surface 88 of the layer 82 preferably faces the plasticized portion PV. Face-to-face contact is made with the textured lower side surface 90 of the B layer 80.

Multiple spaced vent holes 92 (Figure 5) are used in double-layer glass panels. Outside the area of the layer 80 to be treated (FIG. 2), it penetrates the entire thickness of the plasticized PVB layer 80. It's growing.

The aperture size of hole 92 is not critical and can be determined by mere experimentation.

We have successfully used openings of approximately 3-10mm, but the openings were manually inserted into the soft PVB material. For example, layer 80 may be formed on a power cylinder with a sharp protrusion. The sheet may be perforated or formed using equivalent alternatives.

Degassing holes 92 communicate with the interface between layers 80 and 82.

Instead of such a hole, an alternative coupled to the device to degas from this interface A means, e.g. a separate degassing ring (not shown), is provided in this manner. The upper part of the side surface 24 with a boat that can create a vacuum on the interface and the tightening are removed. It can be provided on the opposite side of the interface with the ring 49.

The assembly 32 of plastic layers is placed within the lateral anchorage device 16 as shown in FIG. Tighten it in a horizontal position. Turn each knob 50 to the position W shown in Figure 3, then lower the knob. until the washer shown is in compression engagement with the sealing ring surface as shown. This tightens the sealing ring 49 and the upper surface of the side wall 24.

After sealing the autoclave chamber 12, the following steps are preferably carried out: Implemented in an automated manner. Between the vacuum pump 30 and the opening 38 of the means 20 (FIG. 1) open the valve, supply power to the pump 30, and make the inside of the autoclave chamber 12 vacuum. empty. Opening the valve 31 of the means for creating a vacuum over the thermoforming assembly 14 Then, the lower side of the layered composite material r132 tightened in the fixing device 16 also has an opening 223. Through the vacuum selectively in much the same way. In some cases, multiple The composite material 32 may be heated, but is preferably not heated at this stage of the process. stomach. When a vacuum is applied to the underside of the sealed composite material 32 within the assembly 16, the lowest The plasticized PVB layer 8 on the side is evacuated through the 0 inside 92, thereby the PET layer 8 The air is degassed from the interface with the upper layer 2 plasticized PVB layer 80, but the upper part of the composite material 32 is Similarly, a vacuum is applied through port 38 so that composite material 32 is almost completely evacuated as shown in FIG. When the power supply to the vacuum pump 30 is removed, the connected pressure A condenser 68 (via control valve 74) applies a gradual pressure to the degassed plastic layer assembly. A localized area (94 in I2!3) inside the periphery of the surrounding fixing device and the inside of the PVBV6O13 pores 92 on the breakage-resistant surface of the bendable layer 48 in advance. Three areas 94 press against the surface of the lower transparent float glass sheet 102 disposed The elongation value 1 of the layered composite material 32 after the is engaged with the glass layer 102 is approximately equal to the point in FIG. As shown within line 96.

The plastic layer is mostly at the dotted line position 96 and is constantly tightened within the peripheral fastening device 16. While the temperature and pressure within the chamber 12 are kept Glass plasticized portion PVB layer 80 through interaction with polyvinyl alcohol groups The polyethylene terephthalate layer 82 is strongly bonded to the layer 102 and the polyethylene terephthalate layer 82 is bonded to the partial PVB layer 8. 0 to a level maintained for a suitable time to melt bond. coil 42 (FIG. 1) to provide hot air and circulate it into the chamber 12 via the fan 44. make a circle Compressor 68 and control valve 74 are used to reduce the pressure within chamber 12. Gradually increase to desired level in a controlled manner. When such pressure increases , differential pressure control valve 98 is connected to the extension applied to assembly 14 through port 22. Pressure on the underside of the composite material 96 is applied to the rising orifice generated on the upper side of the stretched composite material. functions to maintain the pressure significantly lower than the toclave pressure. This process 37 is open, control valve 98 is opened under control to open line 29 ( By gradually increasing the pressure within the thermoforming assembly 14 through FIG. It will be done. This feature allows the tightened expanded composite material to be removed from the support layer 48 by the sealing ring. 49 to avoid the tendency to break or break the glass in areas that protrude inwardly. It will help you.

The auto-recess conditions for producing the desired bond between the partial PVB and the glass layer are: , about 30 minutes at about 1.10°C and 11135 kra.

The conditions inside Nayamba 12 are lowered to atmospheric conditions, and the laminate 1- is removed from assembly 14. Take it out and trim the unnecessary plastic part on the outside around the glass layer 102. The products of the subsequent process are strongly bonded to the glass sheet 102 and the glass layer 102. a molded layer 104 of the plasticized portion PVB, a transparent polyester film 106, A wrinkle-free double layer successively comprising a cross-linked self-healing polyurethane layer 108. As shown in FIG. 3, a layered glass panel 100 (FIG. 6) is a glass sheet 102. <Therefore, the double-layer glass panel 100) preferably has a compound curvature. curvature). This means that such a thermoplastic layer can be The flat thermoplastic layer of composite material 32 is stretched to some extent to bring it into surface contact with the curved surface. This means that it is necessary to Alternatively, use a flat glass sheet , substantially flat double-layer glass panels may be manufactured, which may be used, for example, in automotive panels. It can be very suitable as an id window.

From now on, the optically transparent polyester and polyurethane to be processed in the device 10 will be combined. The production of prelaminate will be explained. Polyester to promote adhesion optionally on one or both sides, in particular to promote adhesion to the plasticized part PVB. The sides are coated with e.g. a pressure-sensitive adhesive or e.g. with a plasma discharge, flame ( Name) Approximately 0.0125 ~ processed by discharge, corona discharge, glow discharge, etc. 0.175 mm thick stretched film, preferably optically clear biaxially oriented polyester It is a tylene terephthalate film. Such polyethylene terephthalate contains repeating ethylene terephthalate units and also contains up to about 10 mole percent ester The tellurized glycol unit is diethylene glycol; propane-1,3 diol; Tan-1,4 diol; polytetramethylene glycol; polyethylene glycol up to about 10 mol% of acidic components, such as isophthalic acid, dianic acid, etc. Zozoic acid, naphthalene 1.4= or 2,6-dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacin It contains copolymers of ethylene terephthalate obtained from

Polyester film is usually, but not always, a transparent film that is a single layer. Cover with cross-linking polyurethane. Dual layers of damage-resistant, non-yellowing, cross-linked self-healing surface The inside exposed surface of a glass panel, i.e. a car or vehicle containing a double layer panel such as a window. The surface facing the people in the room should be hard (or polyurethane, if available in oats). The chemical structure of lethane can vary widely. Use with polyester support A preferred polyurethane manufactured as described below as may be necessary for The compositions and performance enhancers are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,147, paragraph 1, line 45. Paragraph 7, line 20 of US Patent No. 4,923,757, Paragraph 3, lines 45 to 5 Section 37, and Section 4, Line 31 and Section 5, Section 3 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,925,734. It is disclosed on line 0. They are incorporated herein by reference. .

Plasticized with a thickness of about 0.25-1.5 mm, preferably about 0.35-0.75 mm Partial PVB sheet is Mon5ant.

Co+apany 5aflex (registered trademark) sheet and E, 1. duPon Butacite (registered trademark) manufactured by deNemours & Company ) It is commercially available as a polyvinyl butyral resin sheet. This commercially available Such sheets contain plasticizers and have a fine or coarse texture on each major side. Plasticizers for 0-part polyvinyl butyral are well known and are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,464, paragraph 5, lines 11-21. The patent is incorporated herein by reference. It shall be made a part of the specification. Texturing the surface of plasticized part PVB-1 Techniques for this are also known, such as U.S. Pat. No. 909,810, U.S. Patent No. 3,994,654, U.S. Patent No. 4,575, No. 540, European Patent No. 0185.863. These are 9 is incorporated herein by reference.

Rolling, spraying, casting, spinning, extrusion, rod or plaid coating , slide or cascade coating etc. Attach it to the lum. Flow coating is preferred to facilitate large-scale deposition. stomach.

Commercially available self-contained flow coaching systems are available. In a normal system , the components are mixed in a stirred vessel and the feed and take-off supports the substrate to be coated. Cochin located above the receiving trough running perpendicular to the direction of conveyor advance is injected through a filter into the processing head. Trough from coaching head to gravity Thus, the liquid curtain of PU formulation is fed through an adjustable gap opening at the bottom of the trough. It flows out through the mouth. The support is used to deposit a layer of uniform thickness on the support surface. Conveyed through the bottom of the trough. The viscosity and thickness of the formulation and the physical properties of the support. Depending on the nature of the support film, it is possible to Mu climb! &! Some measures may be required to provide assistance.

After application of the PU formulation, the coated polyester film/L film is treated with a crosslinker in the formulation. High temperature, electron beam, and Exposure to UV radiation or a combination of these factors should be avoided. Ru. A thermosetting oven and/or one or more UV banks to facilitate continuous curing. downstream of the flow coater's bow conveyor and in line with the conveyor. A functional G may be placed in the

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples (which are illustrative only and do not limit the invention). explain in detail. Divide the measured molecular weight by the measured number of functional groups per molecule. and G gives the amount (expressed as equivalent weight).

The following tests were used to obtain the results shown in the Examples.

Exposure stability - yellow of two-layer laminate exposed to Xeron Weatherometer for a specified time Characterized as chromaticity index (YI) (examines yellowness and cloudiness (see below)) did. YI was measured using a tlunter 025 spectrometer. YI less than 16 is considered acceptable.

Cloudiness O6-^STM D1003-61 (Reauthorized in 1977) - Procedure A - Cloudy Re5ton Hunter 85socialLes Inc, Re5ton Huntcrlab Model 0251 manufactured by V^ is used. Haze level less than 4% is considered acceptable as being optically transparent.

Abrasion resistance measured as change in % haze after 100 drag cycles: 4 in. x 4 in (10cm x 10cm) glass/plasticized PVB/PET/ A sample of PU double layer laminate was manufactured and Te1edyne Taber Abra Using der 5130, grinding wheel No. C5-10F under a load of 500g. The PU layer was polished. The laminate was exposed to water at a 45 degree angle.

A change in % haze of less than 4% is considered acceptable.

Deformation recovery - PU side of glass/plasticized PVB/PET/PU bilayer laminate sample was applied with a 500 g load for 5 minutes at room temperature using a 20 mil (0.51 mm) thick blade. Transform it by applying it. Measure the time required to recover the deformation. within 24 hours Consider recovery time acceptable.

-Solvent resistance to various solvents (e.g. methanol, methylene chloride, chloroform) 6. Hold a droplet of water (toluene, etc.) on the PU screen for 5 seconds and wipe it onto the 6 surface. The action and recovery time from swelling are recorded. Recovery within 12 hours is allowed. I reckon.

Eclipse This control example is based on the PU on plasticized PVB support of U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,147. It shows the quality of the exposed surface of the coating iAI after aging.

The support had a thickness of 0.75 mm, a hydroxyl content of 18.2%, and 100 parts of Mon5anto Co plasticized with 35 parts dihexyl adipate per resin Partial PVB resin sheet made by mpany: 5aflex (registered trademark) TG receipt There was. The PU used was disclosed in Example 6 of the US patent No. 4,937,147. It is shown. PU receipt produced as disclosed in Example 6 and plasticized P It was deposited on a VB sheet and heat cured at 50°C. Including this PVB/PU structure. A two-layer laminate with PU glass3 was prepared and exposed to 50°C for a long time, resulting in the formation of a PU coating. The effect of PVB plasticizer was evaluated. After about 30 days, the exposed PU surface will be smooth to the touch. I was fooled into thinking it was smooth.

This is because the dihexyl adipate is absorbed by the polyurethane and then onto the exposed surface. This means that the coefficient of friction has decreased due to movement.

Ezoku Yuyu This is based on the invention.

Biaxially stretched polyester with transparent optical grade and 0.1mm thickness. Hoechst Ce1 commercially available polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film It was obtained as Ho5taphan 4400 manufactured by Anese. touch the surface First, coat this PET film with PU using a flow coater as described above. did. The PET film support during coating was prepared as follows. Approximately 45cm wide The glass layer on the plate is provided with a smooth surface, and the porous cloth is stretched over the glass to form the plate. 1 Next, the part of the PET film placed on the cloth was fixed to the board. Ta.

Place this assembly in a hot air oven and heat it to 150°C, where the heating means are immediately shut off. increased the level. This pre-heat treatment removes stress from the PET, making the film lighter. taut under high tension and flattened on the support. The lower layer of porous cloth This makes it easier to exhaust air from below the PET film during heat treatment. these The method of manufacturing the Continuous full-scale printing using a continuous web of film stretched taut in a horizontal position. A coating with a thickness of approximately 0.25 to 0.5 mm is formed on the 0th order, which may be unnecessary in the process. Flow containing interstitial discharge openings suitable for discharging and through which the PtJ formulation flows. A 45cm 1g conveyor that moves approximately 19mm in 7 minutes below the coater tank. On top was placed a supported PET film as described above.

Ingredient content ization, l　Gms.

Methylenebis(4-0,13 cyclohexyl isocyanate) (Desmodur H) 1 polyether triol capped with 0.04252 polyether Triol 0.0075 1-ethoxylated trimethylol Propane (crosslinking agent) (ETMP) 0.07 dibutyltin diacetate 20 0ppm (catalyst) Urinary examination 2 'Tinuvin 765 (0.25% by weight) 0.5'Tinuvin 32 8 (0.25% by weight) 0.5 @ IrHanox 245 (0.25% by weight) o, 5Dos Corning 57 300ppm (leveling agent) 'N1ax LG-168, molecular weight = 1000, Union Carbide Corp.

(Dabury, CT), synthesized by condensing glycerin and propylene oxide do.

2Niax 11-27, Molecule 31 = 6200, Union Carbid e Corp., glycerin-propylene oxide adduct can be used with ethylene oxide. Ping and synthesize.

'Voranol　234-630. Dow Che+5ical Co.

“Tinuvin 765: C1ba Geigy Corp screws (1, 2, 2,6°6-bentamethyl-4-piperidivinyl) sebacate.

'Tinuvin 328: C1ba Ge'+gy Corp, 2-(2 'Hydroxy-3',5'-di-t-amylphenyl)benzotriazorbis (3-(3°-t-butyl-4′hydroxy-5°methylphenyl)10 Bione To.

The flow coated PET film was cured at 70° C. for 1 hour. This temperature is , the stress in the PET film is substantially removed and the PU crosslinks to form a non-active PU surface. The coated film after removal from the support is lower than the temperature range in which Pre-laminates should be used with double glazing that is formed using equipment that was. The apparatus will now be specifically described with reference to the drawings again.

The outer circumferential shape of the thermoformed assembly is circular, and the inner diameter of the housing 26 is 36.8 cm. It was m. The diameter of the support base 18 is 35.6 cm, and the bendable surface 48 is molded. The silicone elastomer has a Shore A indentation hardness of about 65 and is cured at room temperature. The concave upper surface of the surface 48 was spherical and had a radius of curvature of 48.3 cm. C The vertical position of platform 18 within housing 26 is such that the upper rim of surface 48 is It was adjusted to be approximately 0.32 cm below the top of the side wall 24. housing 2 Tighten the positioning screw 64 against the inner surface of the side wall 24 of It was fixed concentrically within the ring 26.

The support 102 is made of transparent flow glass and has a thickness of 0.23 cm with rounded corners. This plate was a large rectangular plate (approximately 22.2am x 27.9cm). 48.3 cm in the furnace to approximately match the radius of curvature of the support member 48. Bend it until it reaches the radius of curvature. Place plate 102 on member 48 with the recessed side up. I placed it in the top center.

The layered composite material 32 has both textured surfaces and the specific prelaminate described above. , i.e. 0.05 mm whose upper side is covered with a cross-linked PU layer approximately 0.0125 mm thick. The mold and thickness used in Example C-1 for face-to-face contact with the thick PET film contained a PVB underlayer. The plasticized part PVB layer is placed on a circle with a diameter of 34 cm. Layer 0 had eight evenly spaced 6mm diameter through holes. The shaped composite material is tightened between the ring 49 and the top surface of the side wall 24. formed an airtight seal around the exposed perimeter.

The tightened thermoformed assembly is then placed in the autoclave chamber 12; To make a vacuum connection to the manifold 27 (Fig. 1), seal the autoclave and store it again at room temperature. The thermoforming assembly is heated at a pressure of less than 1.33 kPa via the vacuum pump 30 at around room temperature. The assembly and autoclave chamber were evacuated simultaneously. When exhausting is complete, turn on the Close the vacuum connection to the autoclave chamber (valve 37 in Figure 1), chamber 1. Air is slowly introduced into chamber 12 until the pressure inside chamber 2 reaches approximately 97 kPa. Ta. Due to the differential pressure generated on the composite sheet 32, the sheet is strongly stretched and becomes glassy. It made alignment contact with the curved surface of the base 102. The clamped composite material 32 and the glass support This formation Air traps during Gedanjutsu were insignificant. Then autoclave The pressure of 2 edges and tightening to prevent breakage of the composite sheet in the area between the ring and The pressure within the thermoforming assembly should be 35 to 135 kPa below the autoclave pressure. The differential pressure controller 98 was set to keep the pressure as low as possible. autoclave pressure When the force reached 1136 kPa, the pressure difference dropped to zero.

At the same time as the pressure in the autoclave begins to rise, the temperature inside the autoclave reaches 5℃. /min, plateaued at 145°C and held there for 30 min. Then autoclave for 5~b It was evacuated for about 5 minutes until it became saturated and then opened. Remove the thermoform assembly and loosen the clamp. Then, the glass/composite material sheet was taken out. Trim excess plastic , leaving a double-layer glass panel. This glass panel is made of plastic that perfectly fits the glass layer. Contains a plastic layer on one side of the panel that is visible when viewed from the opposite side. There was also no optical distortion of the object.

The two-layer panel exposed to J% of the same high temperature of 50°C used in Example C-1 The sections had completely dried polyurethane exposed surfaces after about 30 days. this child indicates that no migration of the plasticizer in the partial PVB layer occurred.

The results of the characteristic test on the wrinkle-free double-layer glass panel of this example are as follows. Ta.

Characteristics Results Exposure stability time Yellowness 0.8 -1.52 -1.95 Haze% 0.88 1.2 0.9 9 Abrasion resistance 1.07 @ 0 hours; 1.67 after 6 days of Florada exposure Deformation recovery 15 minutes Solvent resistance After initial swelling, the surface returned to normal when the solvent evaporated. The above results demonstrate the excellent mechanical performance of the double layer glass panel of the present invention. Xe The increase in Yr after 5000 hours of exposure to a non-weatherometer was less than 5%. Ta.

This control example shows the effect on the production of a bilayer without polyester film. ing.

Using the apparatus and method of Example 1, the partial PVB-PU plastic of Example C-1 was prepared. It was laminated with glass-containing laminate to form two layers. Polyester film is used I didn't.

When the formed two layers were visually inspected, the edges around the PU layer (99 in Figure 3) It was found that there were considerable waves and wrinkles. Soft PVB is the edge of the underlying hard glass layer When stretched over the part, the 0 part P closely corresponds to the thick surface 97 of the glass layer. When the VB is locally overstretched, it is strongly coupled directly to the partial PVB and thus the partial The PU layer, which accurately follows the stretching movement of the PVB, was unfavorably ruptured in minutes. . In Example 1, such edge breakage of the PU layer was not observed. Example 1 In this case, the PET film between the partial PVB layer and the PU layer has a stabilizing effect and the local Local overstretching and associated PU layer edge ripples were avoided.

Furthermore, in this Example C-2, the PU coating chemically bonded the swearing portion. To avoid wrinkles and distortion of the PU surface due to shrinkage movement of the PVB underlying layer, the PU coating is The curing temperature had to be limited to about 50°C. This includes PET film 3 This is in contrast to the temperature of 70° C. in Example 1. Hardness depends on time and temperature. Therefore, the time can be as short as about 3 minutes at about 110°C depending on the specific catalyst and concentration used. can be obtained. These higher temperatures reduce the commercially desirable curing cycle. This makes it easy and results in a crease-free two-layer product.

salmon qyu Here, the present invention is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,147 with a double layer glass panel. Based on the conventional technology of do.

PET-PU salamito was manufactured based on the pre-laminate molding method of Example 1. Ta. However, U.S. Pat. No. 4,937, which contains a trimethylolpropane crosslinker, The prior art formulation described in Example 6 of No. 147 was used. PU coating after curing Appearance is very opalescent to the naked eye, with haze levels unacceptable below 4%. estimated to be large. In contrast, the PU coated crosslinker on PET film Similarly to 1, when using ethoxylated trimethylolpropane, pre-laminate The haze and abrasion resistance of the double glazing were well within acceptable quality. hard Ethoxylated trimethylol in formulations prepared by exposure to UV light for oxidation. Similar results were obtained when using Ropantriacrylic-1.

The invention herein uses glass and a specific number and type of plastic layers. However, if desired, the two-layer structure formed may be Alternatives that increase or decrease the number of stick layers or consist of plastic or other materials Functional layers and/or coatings may also be used.

Similarly, instead of glass, alternative rigid materials (e.g. polycarbonate or polymethane) can be used. methacrylate) may be possible.

Using commercially sized equipment of the type described herein, prelaminates can be rolled for local manufacturing of double-layer glass panels for convenience and in some cases. can be transported to other locations.

The foregoing description is illustrative and non-limiting. Various modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art. Changes will be readily presented.

Accordingly, the foregoing description should be considered as illustrative only and the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims. Let it be clear.

coral N International search report PCTAIS 91108262 floor Continued from the first page (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE.

DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IT, LU, NL, SE), AU, B R, C3, JP, KR (72) Inventor: Simon, Robert Barbert Melvin United States, Massachusetts 23 Caravel Drive, Longmeadow, 01106

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. a) Stretched polyester fibre, coated with a cross-linked self-healing polyurethane layer lum optically clear laminate, b) The sides of the polyester film are partially covered with polyvinyl vinyl instead of the polyurethane layer. The plasticized partial polyurethane laminate is placed in face-to-face contact with the lower textured surface of the Chiral layer. Combined with vinyl butyral layer, c) tightening the assembly of the plastic layers of step b) in a peripheral fastening device; d) i) From the interface between the polyester film and the plasticized portion polyvinyl butyral Degas, ii) pressing a localized area of the layer of step c) within the peripheral fixation device against the glass sheet; then iii) a plastic layer to strongly bond the plastic layer and the glass sheet; The assembly of step ii) is placed under high temperature and pressure, with the steps i), ii), iii) and optionally step c) of placing the Molding double layer glass panels consists of being carried out continuously in an air autoclave How to. 2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step c) is carried out in an air autoclave. How to put it on. 3. The polyester film is biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. step ii) stretching the separated areas to the glass sheet with compound curvature; 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: 5. Plasticized partial polyvinyl butyral layer outside the area to be used in glass panels Claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the air is removed by exhausting air through a air removal hole in the air. 4. The method according to any one of 4. 6. a) coated on one side with a cross-linked self-healing polyurethane layer, optionally is partially treated or coated on the opposite side to promote adhesion to polyvinyl butyral. optically clear Brelamine of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate film provide a route, b) Plasticized section polyvinyl with degassing holes outside the area to be used in the glass panel The polyethylene terephthalate film is formed by combining the lbutyral layer and the prelaminate. with the opposite side of the film facing the lower textured side of the partial polyvinyl butyral layer. death, c) placing the assembly of the plastic layers of step b) substantially horizontally in a peripheral fastening device; d) i) Evacuate through the degassing hole without heating the film or layer. By polyethylene terephthalate film and plasticized polyvinyl butylene ii) degassing the interface with the sealing layer; Applying a differential pressure onto the degassed plastic layer assembly of step i) to force the put on, then iii) The plastic layer is clamped into the surrounding fastening device and the partial polyvinyl Partial polyvinylbutylene is produced by interaction with the polyvinyl alcohol group of rubyral. Tyral is strongly bonded to glass, and polyethylene terephthalate is partially bonded to polyvinylvinyl terephthalate. autoclave to a level that is maintained for a suitable time to bind strongly to nylbutyral. increase the temperature and pressure inside the tube step i), ii), iii), and possibly step c). The double layer glass and plastic film consists of being carried out continuously in a tank. Method for forming lath panels. 7. Degassing by applying negative pressure on both sides of a tightened, horizontally arranged layer 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: 8. 6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the glass sheet has a compound curvature. 9. characterized in that the level of stage iii) is approximately 140°C and 1135 kPa. 8. A method according to any one of claims 5 to 7. 10. a) coated on one side with a layer of cross-linked self-healing polyurethane, optionally The opposite side is partially treated or coated to promote adhesion to polyvinyl butyral. optically transparent biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate film provide nate, b) Combine the Bre laminate with the plasticized partial polyvinyl butyral layer to form a polyethylene The opposite side of the lenterephthalate film is below the partial polyvinyl butyral layer. Let's meet face to face, c) a step placed above the glass sheet which is supported against bending and breakage; Place the assembly of plastic layers of floor b) substantially horizontally in the perimeter fastening device. d) i) the interface between the film and the plasticized portion of polyvinyl butyral; A clamp is used to evacuate the space between the glass and the adjacent polyvinyl butyral layer. applied negative pressure on both sides of the horizontally arranged layer, ii) pressing a localized area of the plastic layer within the perimeter fixation device against the glass sheet; Apply positive pressure on the degassed assembly of step i) to iii) Partially polyvinyl butyral is added to glass and polyethylene according to prescribed methods. autoclave to a level suitable for strong bonding to the lenterephthalate film. Increase the temperature and pressure inside the chamber Steps i), ii), iii), and possibly step c) of The production of glass and plastics consists of being carried out continuously in an autoclave. Method for forming layered glass panels. 11. 11. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the glass has a compound curvature. 12. Before step a), a) A single layer of crosslinkable polyurethane is added to a transparent biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate sheet. The side that does not contain polyurethane is partially attached to polyvinyl butyral. treated or coated to promote adhesion; b) Stepping at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the stress in the polyethylene terephthalate is relieved. A claim characterized in that it comprises the step of curing the coating film of a). The method according to item 10. 13. a) Clear biaxially oriented polyethylene treated on one side to promote adhesion b) providing a terephthalate film; b) crosslinking the untreated side of the film; coated with a single layer of polyurethane, c) Optically transparent Brella containing a crosslinkable self-healing polyurethane layer The temperature at which the polyethylene terephthalate is de-stressed to provide a curing the coating film at a temperature lower than d) a plasticized partial polyvinyl butyral layer containing degassing holes and a bra laminate; the treated side of the upper polyethylene terephthalate film is the lower layer. facing the partial polyvinyl butyral layer, e) i) the assembly of the plastic layer of step d) in a surrounding fixation device substantially in water; ii) Evacuate through the degassing hole without heating the film or the layer. Polyethylene terephthalate film and plasticized polyvinyl butyl iii) remove air from the interface with the Ral layer, and onto the assembly of the degassed plastic layer of step ii) to press it into a sheet. Apply differential pressure, then iv) A plastic layer to strongly bond the plastic layer and the glass sheet. The assembly of step iii) is subjected to high temperature and pressure with the Each step i), ii), iii), and iv) of placing the Continuously Method for forming double layer glass panels with glass and plastic . 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the glass sheet has a compound curve. Law. 15. a) autoclave chamber and b) i) peripheral fixing device for multilayer composite sheets. , ii) a support within the perimeter of the perimeter anchoring device, and iii) negative pressure on the thermoform assembly. Support related means for hanging a thermoforming assembly within an autoclave chamber containing; c) means for creating a positive pressure within the autoclave chamber; d) means for creating negative pressure within the autoclave chamber; e) means for controlling the heating of the air within the autoclave; and an apparatus for forming double-layer glass panels. 16. The support platform has an upwardly facing support surface that faces the bendable support layer. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that: 17. 17. The bendable support layer is an elastomer. equipment. 18. A peripheral securing device includes a clamping ring and multiple nodules for compressing the clamping ring. 18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, further comprising: Device. 19. Containing multiple thermoformed assemblies within an autoclave chamber 20. The device of claim 18, characterized in that: