JPH064733A - Data collection device for vehicle accident analysis - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a data collection device for vehicle accident analysis that can collect data before and after an accident and can easily perform accident analysis by using a storage unit having a small storage capacity. [Structure] Inter-vehicle distance detecting means 11 and vehicle speed detecting means 12
Based on the distance signal a and the vehicle speed signal b from, the approach warning determination means 13 determines that the approach warning determination means 13 is close enough to cause the risk of a rear-end collision and outputs a warning signal c. The collision detection means 19 generates a collision signal h by the acceleration signal d from the acceleration signal generation means 15. During the first constant time from the occurrence of c and from the second constant time from the occurrence of h, the writing means 16c
The data of b and d are written in the storage means 16b. When the vehicle speed becomes 0 while h is generated, the erasing means 16d automatically erases the data after the data writing is completed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle accident analysis data collecting device for collecting data effective for analyzing a vehicle accident.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the analysis of a vehicle accident, the judgment as to whether the person is the perpetrator or the victim of the accident has been made by a discussion between the parties at that time and an accident verification by a police officer. Therefore, in multiple collisions and the like, the accuracy of the judgment is lacking, and the insurance loss replenishment rate becomes unfair.

Conventionally, in freight vehicles and taxi vehicles, it is obliged to mount a tachograph (operation recorder) for recording vehicle speed, mileage, etc., which change from moment to moment, on a chart paper. Since the record on the chart paper shows the history of vehicle operation, for example, when an accident occurs, by referring to this record, it can be determined whether or not the vehicle operation before the accident was reasonable.

As described above, this operation record is effective for judging the situation in a large flow of vehicle operation, but is not very useful for knowing the traveling situation of the vehicle before the accident in detail.

Therefore, by analyzing the vehicle speed signal by A / D conversion, the vehicle speed data is obtained, and the latest fixed time is written and held in a rewritable memory to analyze the vehicle speed data when an accident occurs. Has proposed a data collection device that helps the accident analysis by knowing the running state of the vehicle immediately before the accident.

[0006]

However, the proposed apparatus has a problem that the amount of information is too small to perform the analysis accurately because the only data available for accident analysis is the vehicle speed data. Therefore, there is a demand for an apparatus capable of recording the situation before and after the accident and collecting and analyzing the data to make an accurate accident judgment.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle accident analysis data collection device capable of collecting data before and after an accident and easily performing accident analysis. I am trying.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a data collection device for vehicle accident analysis, which is capable of collecting data before and after an accident and easily performing accident analysis by using a storage means having a small storage capacity.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a data collection apparatus for vehicle accident analysis made according to the present invention measures the distance between a vehicle and a detected object as shown in the basic configuration diagram of FIG. An inter-vehicle distance detecting means 11 for detecting and outputting a distance signal a, a vehicle speed detecting means 12 for detecting a vehicle speed of the own vehicle and outputting a vehicle speed signal b, and a distance signal a from the inter-vehicle distance detecting means 11 and the vehicle speed detecting means 12 Also, based on the vehicle speed signal b, the approach warning determination means 13 that determines that the vehicle is approaching enough to cause a collision risk and outputs the warning signal c, and the acceleration detection that is provided in the vehicle to detect the acceleration and output the acceleration signal d. Collision detecting means 19 for detecting a collision and generating a collision signal h based on the acceleration signal d generated by the acceleration detecting means 15 and the rewritable storage means 16b.
The vehicle speed signal b during the first constant time from the generation of the warning signal c by the approach warning determination means 13 and the second constant time from the generation of the collision signal h by the collision detection means 19. A writing means 16c for writing data obtained by taking in the acceleration signal d into the storage means 16b is provided.

In the vehicle accident analysis data collecting device according to the present invention, while the collision detecting means 19 is generating the collision signal h, the vehicle speed according to the vehicle speed signal b generated by the vehicle speed detecting means 12 is 0. It is characterized by further comprising an erasing means 16d for automatically erasing the data written in the storage means 16b after the writing of the data by the writing means 16c is completed except when the time becomes.

[0011]

With the above structure, a signal from the inter-vehicle distance detecting means 11 for detecting the distance between the own vehicle and the detected object and outputting the distance signal a and the vehicle speed detecting means 12 for detecting the vehicle speed of the own vehicle and outputting the vehicle speed signal b. Based on a and b, the approach warning determination means 13 determines that the approach warning determination means 13 is close enough to cause a collision risk and outputs a warning signal c. Acceleration detecting means 1 provided in the vehicle
5 detects the acceleration and outputs an acceleration signal d. Based on the acceleration signal d generated by the acceleration detecting means 15, the collision detecting means 19 detects a collision and generates a collision signal h. The writing means 16 is provided during a first constant time period after the warning signal c is generated by the approach warning determination means 13 and during a second constant time period after the collision signal h is generated by the collision detection means 19.
c writes the data obtained by capturing the vehicle speed signal b and the acceleration signal d in the storage means 16b.

Therefore, acceleration as well as vehicle speed can be known as the condition of the vehicle before and after the accident, and in particular, by analyzing the correspondence between the vehicle speed and the acceleration, it is easy to determine whether the own vehicle is an injured vehicle or a damaged vehicle when a collision occurs. I understand.

While the collision detection means 19 is generating the collision signal h, the writing means 16 is provided except when the vehicle speed according to the vehicle speed signal b generated by the vehicle speed detection means 12 becomes zero.
After the writing of data by c is completed, the erasing means 16d automatically erases the data written in the storage means 16b. Therefore, the data written each time there is a risk of accident occurrence is not retained when an accident does not occur and accident analysis is not necessary, and the necessary data is stored by the storage means with a limited small storage capacity. Can be collected.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a data collection device for vehicle accident analysis according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, 11 is an inter-vehicle distance detecting means for detecting the distance between the own vehicle and a detected object, and 12 is an inter-vehicle distance detecting means. The vehicle speed detecting means detects the vehicle speed of the host vehicle and outputs a vehicle speed signal b. Numeral 13 is an approach warning judgment means for inputting the signals a and b from the inter-vehicle distance detection means 11 and the vehicle speed detection means 12 for calculation. The approach warning judgment means 13 detects the relative speed with respect to the preceding vehicle and collides with the vehicle. The warning signal c is output when it is determined that they are close enough to cause the risk of.

Reference numeral 14 is an alarm means such as a buzzer for inputting an alarm signal c from the approach warning determination means 13 to generate an alarm sound, and 15 is an acceleration (G) detection means provided at four positions in front, rear, left and right of the vehicle. , Which detects acceleration (G) and outputs an acceleration signal d. Reference numeral 16 is a microcomputer (MPU) for inputting other signals such as the distance signal a, the vehicle speed signal b, the acceleration signal d and the brake signal e.
The MPU 16 has a built-in ROM 16a storing a control program or the like for defining its operation and a RAM 16b rewritably storing various data such as collected data, operates according to the control program, and has a write signal f described later.
The data obtained by A / D conversion of the input signal is written in a predetermined area of the RAM 16b according to the input of, and the written data is erased in response to the input of a cancel signal g described later.

Reference numeral 17 is a first write signal generating means which can be constituted by a one-shot multivibrator,
This generates a first write signal f ₁ that continues for a fixed time of, for example, 45 seconds in response to the rising of the alarm signal c generated by the approach alarm determination means 13, and inputs this to the MPU 16 via the OR circuit 18. . Reference numeral 19 denotes a collision detection means which can be constituted by a comparator, which inputs ± 0.4 G of the acceleration signal d generated by the acceleration detection means 15.
The collision signal h is generated according to the acceleration signal d having a magnitude corresponding to. Reference numeral 20 denotes a second write signal generating means that can be configured by a one-shot multivibrator, which is a second write signal that continues for a fixed time of, for example, 20 seconds in response to the rising edge of the collision signal h generated by the collision detection means 19. generate f ₂ . This second write signal f ₂
Resets the first write signal generating means 17 to terminate the generation of the first write signal f ₁ and at the same time, the OR circuit 1
It is input to the MPU 16 via 8.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a cancel signal generating means, which cancels the data written by the write signal f immediately after the writing, except when the second write signal f ₂ and the vehicle speed signal b are not in predetermined states. Although the signal f is constantly applied to the MPU 16, if the vehicle speed signal b becomes 0 while the second write signal f ₂ is being input, it is determined that the vehicle has stopped due to a collision, and its output is inverted to cancel the signal. g is no longer applied to the MPU 16. As described above, by canceling the application of the cancel signal g, the data written by the application of the write signal f can be retained thereafter. The held data can be canceled by inputting the manual erase signal i to the cancel signal generation circuit 21 by a manual operation and inverting its output.

Reference numeral 22 is a backup power supply for keeping the data stored in the RAM 16b even if the power supply of the MPU 16 is lost due to an accident, and 23 is indicated by lighting when data is already recorded in the RAM 16b. It is a recorded indicator lamp that does.

The data stored in the RAM 16b is read by the analysis device 30 by applying a read signal to the MPU 16 from the separately prepared analysis device 30. Then, based on the read data, a printer (not shown) outputs changes in vehicle speed and acceleration before and after the accident to the printer paper 31.

The operation of the apparatus having the above-described structure will be described with reference to the waveform charts of the respective parts in FIG. Now, when the distance signal a output from the inter-vehicle distance detecting means 11 corresponds to the inter-vehicle distance of 40 m, the vehicle speed detecting means 12 outputs 100 km /
When the vehicle speed signal b corresponding to h is output, the approach warning determination means 13 outputs a warning signal c, and in response to this, the first write signal generation means 17 generates a first write signal f ₁ ,
In response to this, the write signal f is input to the MPU 16. Therefore, the MPU 16 takes in the distance signal a, the vehicle speed signal b, the acceleration signal d, and the brake signal e, which are input thereto, and writes them in a predetermined area of the RAM 16b.

Since the warning means 14 is activated by the warning signal c to generate a warning, the driver feels danger and operates the brake to reduce the vehicle speed. However, since the start of the brake operation is delayed, when the vehicle finally collides with the preceding vehicle, the acceleration signal d generated by the acceleration detecting means 15 exceeds ± 0.4 G, and the collision signal h is generated. become.

When this collision signal h is input to the second write signal generation means 20, the second write signal generation means 20
Generates a second write signal, which resets the first write signal generating means 17. However, since the write signal f continues for 20 seconds thereafter, MPU1
6 continues the operation of fetching the distance signal a, the vehicle speed signal b, the acceleration signal d and the brake signal e and writing them in a predetermined area of the RAM 16b.

At this time, when the second write signal f ₂ is present and the vehicle speed signal b becomes 0, the output of the cancel signal generating means 21 is inverted from H level to L level, so that the write signal f disappears. Even after the writing operation is completed, the data written in the RAM 16b is saved without being erased. When the written data is saved, the recorded indicator lamp is turned on to notify that effect.

The data stored in the RAM 16b is erased by inputting the manual erase signal i and inverting the output of the cancel signal generating means 21 from L level to H level.

When the collision signal h as described above is not generated, the alarm signal c is generated to generate the first write signal f ₁ which lasts for 45 seconds, whereby writing is performed for 45 seconds, but the cancel signal g. Is at the H level, the written data is erased at the same time when the writing is completed. Since the data that does not need to be stored is sequentially erased in this manner, the RAM 16b, which is a limited-capacity memory, can be used to collect the data necessary for the analysis when an accident occurs.

As described above, since the acceleration signal d generated by the acceleration detecting means 15 is written in the RAM 16b and is retained when an accident occurs, the following accident analysis is performed by using the recording of this acceleration signal. It can be performed.

In general, the acceleration signal is negative when the host vehicle collides with another vehicle and is positive when the vehicle collides with the other vehicle. Therefore, by analyzing the written and held acceleration data, it is possible to grasp the condition of the vehicle before and after the accident, and to judge whether the vehicle is a harmful vehicle or a damaged vehicle. Especially in the case of multiple accidents, it is useful to judge the primary and secondary damages.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the vehicle speed signal and the acceleration signal printed on the print paper 31 as a result of the analysis by the analysis device 30. In (a) of the figure, since the peak of the acceleration when the vehicle speed becomes 0 is negative, it can be determined that the host vehicle is a rear-end collision-damaging vehicle. On the other hand, in FIG. 6B, the peak of the acceleration when the vehicle speed becomes 0 is positive, and therefore it can be determined that the own vehicle is a rear-end collision damaged vehicle.

In the above-described embodiment, the writing time is set to 20 seconds after the collision is detected and the writing is stopped 45 seconds after the alarm signal for warning the approach is generated. It can be set arbitrarily according to the time resolution. Further, the acceleration determination level for collision detection is set to ± 0.4 G, but this can be set arbitrarily, and can be set to, for example, frequency × G.

The data write operation outlined above will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 5 showing the work performed by the MPU 16 in accordance with a predetermined control program. The MPU 16 starts its operation, for example, by turning on its power source by turning on an ignition switch, performs initial setting in the first step S1, and then proceeds to step S2 to determine whether or not a write signal f is input. When the determination in step S2 is YES, the process proceeds to step S3, where the distance signal a, the vehicle speed signal b, the acceleration signal d, and the brake signal e are A / D converted and taken in,
The fetched data is written in each predetermined area of the RAM 16b.

Then, in step S4, it is determined again whether the write signal f is input, and this determination is YE.
If S, the process returns to step S3, and then step S
Steps S3 and S4 are repeatedly executed until the determination of 4 becomes NO. When the determination in step S4 is NO, the process proceeds to step S5 and it is determined whether or not the cancel signal g is input. When the determination in step S5 is YES, the process proceeds to step S6, and in step S3, the RAM
The data written in 16 is erased, and when the determination is NO, the process proceeds to step S7 and the recorded indicator lamp 23
Is turned on, and the process returns to step S2.

When the determination in step S2 is NO, that is, when the write signal f is not input, the process proceeds to step S8 to determine whether the read signal i is input, and when the determination is NO, the process proceeds to step S2. If the answer is YES, go to step S9 and go to step S9.
In step 3, the data written in the RAM 16 is read and output to the outside, and then the process proceeds to step S10, the recorded indicator lamp 23 is turned off, and then the above step S2.
Return to.

As is clear from the description of the operation of the MPU 16 performed with reference to the flow chart of FIG.
U16 cooperates with the first and second write signal generating means 17 and 20 to generate the warning signal c by the approach warning judging means 13.
Between the occurrence of the distance signal a, the vehicle speed signal b, and the acceleration signal d during the first constant time after the occurrence of the collision signal and during the second constant time after the occurrence of the collision signal h by the collision detection means 19. In addition to serving as the writing means 16c for writing in the RAM 16b, the vehicle speed according to the vehicle speed signal b generated by the vehicle speed detecting means 12 becomes 0 while the collision detecting means 19 is generating the collision signal h in cooperation with the cancel signal generating means 21. When this happens, after the writing of data by the writing means 16c is completed, it functions as erasing means 16d for automatically erasing the data written in the RAM 16b.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, the acceleration as well as the vehicle speed can be known as the condition of the vehicle before and after the accident.
In particular, by analyzing the correspondence between the vehicle speed and the acceleration, it is possible to easily know whether the own vehicle is a damaging vehicle or a damaged vehicle when a collision occurs, and therefore it is possible to easily analyze the accident.

Further, since the data written every time the risk of accident occurrence occurs is not retained when the accident does not occur and the accident analysis is unnecessary, it is a small memory that the accident analysis can be easily performed. This can be achieved by using a capacity storage means.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of a vehicle accident analysis data collection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a data collection device for vehicle accident analysis according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a waveform chart showing a state of each part in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a printed waveform diagram for analysis obtained by the collected data.

5 is a flowchart showing the work performed by the MPU in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Vehicle Distance Detection Means 12 Vehicle Speed Detection Means 13 Approach Warning Judgment Means 15 Acceleration Detection Means 16b Storage Means (MPU) 16c Writing Means (MPU) 16d Erasing Means (MPU) 19 Collision Detection Means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An inter-vehicle distance detecting means for detecting a distance between the own vehicle and a detected object and outputting a distance signal; a vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a vehicle speed of the own vehicle and outputting a vehicle speed signal; Based on the distance signal from the vehicle speed detection means and the vehicle speed signal, the approach warning determination means that determines that the vehicle is approaching enough to cause a collision risk and outputs an alarm signal, and the acceleration signal provided on the vehicle to detect acceleration and output an acceleration signal Acceleration detection means, rewritable storage means, collision detection means for detecting a collision based on an acceleration signal generated by the acceleration detection means to generate a collision signal, and an alarm signal for the approach warning determination means. Data obtained by taking in the vehicle speed signal and the acceleration signal during the first constant time from the occurrence and during the second constant time from the occurrence of the collision signal by the collision detection means are stored in the memory. Vehicle accident analysis data acquisition apparatus comprising: a writing means for writing in. 2. After the writing of the data by the writing means is completed, except when the vehicle speed according to the vehicle speed signal generated by the vehicle speed detecting means becomes 0 while the collision detecting means is generating the collision signal, 2. The vehicle accident analysis data collection device according to claim 1, further comprising an erasing unit that automatically erases the data written in the storage unit.