JPH0640580Y2 - Organic waste fermenter - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial field of application> The present invention is an organic waste fermenter for accommodating organic waste such as garbage in a vertical fermentation tank and performing aerobic fermentation to compost it. Regarding

<Prior art> As a device for fermenting organic waste such as garbage and composting, various devices such as a multi-stage fermenter, a horizontal rotary fermenter, or a fermenter with a stirring arm have been known. ing.

For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-97181, a cylindrical vertical fermentation apparatus is proposed, and this fermentation apparatus is provided with a stirring arm having a ventilation nozzle rotatably provided inside a cylindrical fermentation tank, It has a structure in which warm air is sent to the ventilation nozzle from a ventilation device provided with a warmer, the warm air is blown into the tank from the ventilation nozzle, and the air in the tank is either naturally exhausted or forcedly exhausted by an exhaust fan.

<Problems to be solved by the device> However, in this conventional fermenter, since heating in the fermenter is performed only by blowing hot air, when the fermenter is installed in a cold region, the center of the fermentor The temperature can be raised considerably in the part, but there was a problem that it was not heated so much near the peripheral wall. In addition, in order to raise the temperature of the peripheral part in the fermenter,
If the temperature of the warm air is increased by increasing the heater current of the air warmer, the temperature of the organic waste near the ventilation nozzle will rise above the temperature suitable for fermentation, weakening the fermenting bacteria. There were challenges.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and promotes aerobic fermentation in the fermentation tank by uniformly heating the fermentation tank from the center to the periphery and at an optimum temperature for fermentation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic waste fermentation apparatus that can be operated and can be operated economically.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention is provided with a vent hole in the side wall of the storage tank surrounded by a heat insulating wall and at the outer periphery of the side wall. A space is provided between the heat-insulating wall, a hot water pipe is arranged in the space so as to be wound along the periphery of the side wall, and a turning device for turning back the organic waste is provided in the storage tank. In addition, a warm air nozzle tube that blows out warm air is provided inside, and a warm air generator with a heat exchanger is connected to the warm air nozzle tube to supply hot water to the hot water tube and the heat exchanger. It is configured with an electric water heater.

<Operation> In this fermentation device, the hot water from the electric water heater is circulated and supplied to the heat exchanger of the hot air generator and the hot water pipe on the side wall of the storage tank, and the hot air generated from the hot air generator is heated in the storage tank. It is sent to the wind nozzle tube and blown inside. The organic waste is put into the storage tank, the switching device is regularly operated, the organic waste is switched back inside the tank, and the inside of the tank is heated by the hot water pipe on the wall and the warm air. Therefore, the inside of the storage tank is heated to a temperature suitable for fermentation almost entirely from the central portion to the peripheral portion, and the fermentation of the organic waste is promoted. In addition, since sufficient air is supplied into the tank from the hot air nozzle tube and the inside of the storage tank communicates with the space on the outer circumference of the side wall through the ventilation holes in the side wall, air enters each part inside the tank and is aerobic. Fermentation is accelerated.

Furthermore, if an electric water heater for late-night power is used as the electric water heater, the inside of the storage tank at night when the temperature will drop in cold regions will be warmed with warm water heated using inexpensive late-night power, which is economical. You can drive to. Further, the electric water heater for late-night power can be used not only as a fermenter but also as a water heater for supplying hot water to other places such as a kitchen, and can be economically used in a lunch center or the like.

<Embodiment> An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the fermenter and a piping diagram of hot water and hot air. The fermenter 1 is constructed by surrounding a storage tank 2 made of a metal and having a rectangular box shape so as to surround a heat insulating wall 5 having a heat insulating material therein via a space 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, ventilation holes 2a are provided at appropriate positions on the side wall of the storage tank 2 made of a metal plate, and the hot water pipe 4 is wound around the outer circumference of the storage tank 2 in the space 3. . This hot water pipe 4
Is provided for heating the inside of the tank, and is wound closer to the lower side of the storage tank 2. If a flexible metal pipe is used for the hot water pipe 4, the mounting work is easy.

At the bottom of the storage tank 2, foamed or hollow plastic particles 6 (plastic spheres or polyhedra with a diameter of about 10 to 30 mm)
Are laid out in an appropriate thickness, and the perforated plate 7 is arranged thereon as a bottom plate. Since the granules 6 are made of plastic, they are lighter in weight than stones and the like, and since the diameter of the granules 6 is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, dust filtration and water passage are good.

A large number of holes are formed in the bottom plate 8 below the granules 6, and a drainage receiver 9 is attached below the bottom plate 8. Further, a lid 10 of a heat insulating plate is covered on the upper part of the storage tank 2, and the lid 10
A door 11 for the inlet is formed in a part of the. An exhaust duct 12 provided with an exhaust fan 25 is connected to the lid body 10, a deodorizer is connected to the exhaust side of the exhaust fan 25, and exhaust gas is discharged through the deodorizer.

Further, a warm air nozzle tube 13 for blowing hot air is disposed near the bottom of the storage tank 2, and an exhaust duct for exhausting odorous gas and the like generated in the tank is provided above the fermentation tank 1. Twelve are provided.

An outlet 26 for taking out composted organic matter is provided at the bottom of the fermenter 1 so as to be openable and closable, and used at the bottom of the storage tank 2 for carrying out composted organic matter and for turning it back. The horizontal screw conveyor 27 is horizontally arranged with its tip facing the outlet 26.

The horizontal screw conveyor 27 is configured by alternately arranging a plurality of right-hand screw blades and left-hand screw blades on substantially the entire surface of the floor, and rotates the right-hand screw blades and the left-hand screw blades in opposite directions to convey organic substances. It is a structure that switches back or forth. Further, each shaft of the horizontal screw conveyor 27 is linked to a motor (not shown) via gears, and is rotationally driven so as to feed the organic matter in the carry-out direction (left direction in FIG. 1) and the anti- carry-out direction (right direction in FIG. 1). To be done.

Further, a vertical screw conveyor 28 is arranged in the longitudinal direction over substantially the entire side wall on one side of the accommodation tank 2 opposite to the outlet 26. This vertical screw conveyor
The 28 is configured by alternately arranging a plurality of right-handed and left-handed blades in a vertical direction, and the shaft of each blade is linked to a motor (not shown) via a gear, and adjacent right-handed and left-handed blades are connected. Are driven to rotate in opposite directions, and the organic wastes in the vicinity are conveyed so as to be integrally pushed upward.

The horizontal screw conveyor 27 and the vertical screw conveyor 28 constitute a turning device, and the organic waste put into the tank is effectively turned back by the periodic operation of the turning device.

15 is a well-known electric water heater installed separately from the fermenter 1,
In particular, it is an electric water heater that is operated using midnight power,
A heater that is energized only at a specific time of the night is provided for heating the water tank, and has a built-in thermostat and the like. The lower end of the hot water pipe 4 is connected to a hot water supply pipe 17 of the electric water heater 15 via a pump P2 by a pipe line 18. Further, the hot water supply pipe 17 is connected to a hot air generator 20 via a pump P1. The heat exchanger 19 in the inside is pipe-connected.

The hot air generator 20 uses the air generated by the blower 21 as a heat exchanger.
It is configured such that hot air is passed through 19 and is sent to the hot air nozzle pipe 13 through the pipe line 22.

On the other hand, the hot water supply return pipe 23 of the electric water heater 15 is connected to the upper end portion of the hot water pipe 4 via the pipe line 24, and the return side of the heat exchanger 19 is also connected to the hot water supply return pipe 23.

Further, the electric water heater 15 is provided with another hot water supply pipe 14, and it is possible to supply hot water to other places where hot water supply is required, such as a kitchen, via a pump and a pressure regulating tank.

Reference numeral 31 is a thermostat that controls on / off of the pump P1 according to the temperature in the storage tank 2, and 32 is a thermostat that controls on / off of the pump P2 according to the temperature of the space 3 on the outer periphery of the storage tank 2.

Next, the operation of the organic waste fermentation apparatus having the above configuration will be described.

In the fermenter 1, organic waste such as raw garbage from a feeding center etc. is put into the container 2 by opening the upper door 11.
At the same time, an appropriate amount of fermenting bacteria is also added.

When the temperature is low in a cold region or the like, hot water is sent from the electric water heater 15 to the pumps P1 and P2, and the thermostats 31 and 32 operate the pumps P1 and P2 according to the temperature in the tank. Further, the blower 21 of the warm air generator 20 is also operated.

Therefore, the warm air from the warm air generator 20 heated by the heat exchanger 19 is sent to the warm air nozzle tube 13 and ejected from the nozzle tube into the storage tank 2 to warm the inside. At the same time, pump
Hot water is sent to the hot water pipe 4 on the outer periphery of the storage tank 2 by P2, and the hot water circulates between the electric water heater 15 via the pipe line 24 and the hot water return pipe 23. As a result, the inside of the storage tank 2 is also heated from the outer periphery thereof.

Therefore, even in a cold region, the temperature in the storage tank 2 is heated to, for example, 30 to 40 ° C. suitable for fermentation both inside and near the outer wall.

Therefore, the input organic waste starts fermentation from one to one and a half days, and the temperature of the fermentation further raises the temperature from 45 ° C to 65 ° C.
The organic waste gradually shrinks in volume with fermentation.

In the fermenter 1, when the temperature of the central part of the storage tank 2 reaches a set value (for example, 60 ° C.), the pump P1 is stopped by the operation of the thermostat 31, and the heat exchanger 19 of the hot air generator 20 is heated. Stop. Therefore, the temperature of the air blown out from the warm air nozzle tube 13 becomes normal temperature, and the fermentation temperature is maintained by the heat of fermentation. On the other hand, when the temperature in the space 3 on the outer periphery of the storage tank 2 reaches the set value, the pump P2 is stopped and hot water supply to the hot water pipe 4 is stopped.

Since the electric water heater 15 is for midnight power, the heater is energized only in a specific time zone at midnight, the hot water in the water heater is heated, and the hot water is only kept there in the daytime. Since the required heating temperature in the tank is not so high at 30 ° C to 40 ° C as compared with the temperature of heated hot water (for example, 85 ° C), the inside of the storage tank can be heated to a necessary and sufficient temperature.

When the temperature in the storage tank 2 or the temperature of the surrounding space 3 falls below the set value, the thermostat 31 or 32 is activated, the pump P1 or P2 is restarted, and hot water is supplied to the heat exchanger 19 or the hot water pipe 4. Then, the heating in the storage tank 2 is restarted.

When raw garbage is thrown into the tank every day, the organic waste in the tank is gradually accumulated and the organic waste at the bottom is compressed, so despite the hot air blown out from the hot air nozzle tube 13. (When the temperature in the tank exceeds the set value, hot air may stop blowing), the air required for fermentation becomes insufficient.

Therefore, in the fermenter 1, for example, the horizontal screw conveyor 27 and the vertical screw conveyor of the turning device are rotationally driven by a timer for a certain period of time every day to cut back the accumulated organic waste. That is, the horizontal screw conveyor 27 operates so as to convey the organic waste to the right in FIG.
The vertical screw conveyor 28 operates to feed the organic waste upward. As a result, the organic waste solidified at the bottom of the tank is crushed by the screw blades, first sent to the side, and further pushed up along the side wall, and then from the top to the center of the tank, the center is reached. Some organic waste is returned to the bottom.

By repeating such an operation, the organic waste in the tank moves in the vertical direction, and the turning back is effectively performed. During this time, air is ejected from the hot air nozzle pipe 13, the ventilation hole 2a is formed in the side wall of the storage tank 2 of the fermentation tank 1, and the space 3 is provided around the fermentation tank 1. Therefore, ventilation of the entire tank is improved, and organic matter Air is sufficiently supplied to the organic waste, and aerobic fermentation of organic waste is favorably performed.

Then, when the fermentation is completed, the bottom outlet 26 is opened, and the horizontal screw conveyor 27 is rotationally driven in the carry-out direction. As a result, the composted organic matter is delivered from the outlet 26.

<Effect of the Invention> As described above, according to the organic waste fermenting apparatus of the present invention, the hot air nozzle tube is provided inside the storage tank, and the hot water pipe is wound around the outer periphery of the storage tank. Since the inside of the tank is heated from the inside and outside, the temperature from the center to the periphery of the storage tank is heated to a temperature suitable for fermentation over almost the entire area, and it is possible to promote the fermentation of organic waste even in cold regions. it can.

Further, the turning device cuts off the organic waste in the tank, and sufficient air is supplied from the hot air nozzle tube into the tank so that the inside of the storage tank communicates with the space around the side wall through the ventilation hole in the side wall. Therefore, air enters each part in the tank, and aerobic fermentation can be favorably performed.

In addition, since the hot air and the hot water pipe can be heated using the same hot water, it can be economically operated with one electric water heater, and if an electric water heater for late-night power is used, it is cheaper. It can be operated more economically by using the late night power.

[Brief description of drawings]

 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fermentation apparatus showing a cross section of a fermentation tank and piping, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a side wall portion of a storage tank. 2 ... Storage tank, 2a ... Vent hole, 3 ... Space, 4 ... Hot water pipe, 5 ... Insulating wall, 13 ... Warm air nozzle pipe, 15 ... Electric water heater.

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A ventilation hole is provided in a side wall of a storage tank whose periphery is surrounded by a heat insulating wall, and a space is provided between the heat insulating wall on the outer periphery of the side wall, and a hot water pipe is provided in the space along the circumference of the side wall. And a winding device for cutting back the organic waste is provided in the storage tank, and a warm air nozzle tube for blowing warm air is provided inside the storage tank. An organic waste fermenter characterized in that a hot air generator with a heat exchanger is connected to the wind nozzle pipe, and the hot water pipe and an electric water heater for supplying hot water to the heat exchanger are provided. 2. The organic waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an electric water heater for late-night power is used as the electric water heater.