JPH06311816A - Head-forming vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To drop stones lifted with right and left screws from a screw conveyor by making a screw conveyor to have inclination angles different between the right and left sides in the region from the pulling part to the transfer part. CONSTITUTION:The path from the front end of a pulling part to the delivery end of a transfer part of a screw conveyor 6 is divided into plural sets of screw shafts, which are connected with each other in series to form a continuous conveyor. The right and the left screws have different inclination angles from the pulling part to the transfer part. Large stone transferred with the right and the left screws is dropped from the right or left side of the screw conveyor and small stone is dropped through the gap between the right and the left screws.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small-sized ride-on type head-mounted vegetable harvesting machine having a screw conveyor for harvesting head-shaped vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and lettuce from a field and conveying them in an inclined state.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of heading vegetable harvesters have been proposed for harvesting heading vegetables. For example, in the front part of the machine, the rhizomes of heading vegetables vegetated in the field are pinched from the left and right sides while rotating and pulling out the part from the field as the machine progresses, and the pulled out heading vegetables from the back of the machine. The pair of left and right screw conveyors, which are configured to convey in a state of being inclined toward, are divided into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts from the front end of the extraction unit to the end of the transfer unit. The applicant has proposed a continuous conveyor that is connected at positions.

[0003]

By the way, if a plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts are connected at the same position on the left and right sides to form a continuous conveyer like the screw conveyer of the above-mentioned conventional headed vegetable harvester, The left and right screw conveyors had the same inclination angle, the gap between the left and right conveyors was also constant, and stones in the field were trapped and crops were blocked. The feed action of the left and right spiral shafts will be interrupted at the connection position, and the harvest will stagnate at the connection position, and if it is not pushed out by the harvest that moves next, the stagnation will be prolonged and work efficiency will be poor. However, there was a problem that it would damage the harvest. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention comprises: (1) Rotating the front part of the machine so that the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field are clamped from both left and right sides. While in the heading vegetable harvester provided with a pair of left and right screw conveyors that are withdrawn from the field as the machine progresses and are conveyed toward the rear of the machine, the screw conveyor has a plurality of paths from the front end of the extraction section to the end of the conveyance section. Dividing into a spiral shaft, when connecting a plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, the inclination angle from the pulling section to the conveying section is different between the left and right,

(2) The connection positions of the divided spiral shafts are configured to be different between the left and right, (3) at least one of the screw conveyors is supported via an elastic body. It is characterized by each.

[0006]

With the above structure, the headed vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following functions. The screw conveyor divides the path from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts, and when connecting a plurality of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, from the pulling section to the transfer unit. Since the left and right inclination angles are different, large stones carried by the left and right screws fall from the screw conveyor while tilting to the left and right during the transportation process. Also, small stones fall from the gap created between the left and right screws.

Since the connecting positions of the divided spiral shafts are made different between the left and right ones, the harvested product moves smoothly without being stagnant at the connecting positions. Since at least one of the screw conveyors is supported via the elastic body, even when stones are caught between the left and right screws, the stones spread and the stones fall. It can also be used for large and small rhizomes of headed vegetables.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 is a headed vegetable harvesting machine, and the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which are paired left and right and are capable of spin rotation. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the fuselage between the crawlers 2 and 2.
A hydraulic pump 4 and a transmission 5 including a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) are mounted, and power is transmitted from the engine 3. In addition, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6, 6 are arranged in a diagonal direction from the lower front part of the machine body through the transmission 5 to the upper center part of the machine body to remove the heading vegetables vegetated in the field and convey them backward. The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are pivotally supported at their base ends so as to vertically move the front portion. A control unit 7 is provided on the side of the engine 3.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 rotate while holding the rhizomes of heading vegetables (eg cabbage) vegetated in the field from both left and right sides. With the progress, the pulling-out portion 6a that pulls out from the field, and the first transporting portion 6b and the second transporting portion 6c that carry over the heading vegetables that have been pulled out by the pulling-out portion 6a with the rhizomes sandwiched therebetween and transport them diagonally upward and rearward of the machine body.
It consists of and. A cutting table (processing space) 8 for manually cutting the rhizome portion from the conveyed heading vegetables is provided in the substantially central portion of the machine body facing the conveyance end portion of the screw conveyor 6. Behind the cutting table 8, a forklift-shaped container mounting portion 10 for mounting the container 9 containing the cut and cured vegetables is arranged so that the upper part approaches the cutting table 8 and the lower part separates from the cutting table 8. It is installed diagonally up and down.

A pull-out portion 6a of the screw conveyor 6
Is a pair of guide rods 11a that open in an eight shape in a plan view and advance in a state of being stuck in a field during work to facilitate introduction of a rhizome portion of a headed vegetable, and the guide rods 11a.
a guide body 11 formed of a current plate 11b that is provided continuously to a and guides the soil in the field to the left and right sides;
Further, there is provided a pulling-out / conveying spiral body 13 whose tip is rotatably supported and which is inclined so that the inclination angles of the left and right things are different. In addition, the pull-out section 6a to the first transport section 6b,
The left and right connection positions of the first transport unit 6b to the second transport unit 6c are shifted to the front and rear. Below the starting end of the second conveyor 6c, a cutting blade 12 for cutting the root of the headed vegetables conveyed by the screw conveyors 6 is provided. Support frames 14, 14 are provided on both sides of the screw conveyors 6, 6 to rotatably support the screw conveyors 6, 6, and one of them is moved in the left-right direction by three moving shafts 15 and springs 15a. I am able to move to.

Rotational support members 16 and 16 are fixed to both sides of the rear ends of the support frames 14 and 14, and the rotation support members 16 and 16 are pivotally supported by the machine body via a rotation shaft 17. In addition, between the lower side of the support frame 14 and the body,
A hydraulic cylinder 18 is interposed, and the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the support frames 14 and 14 and the like rotate about a rotation shaft 17 by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the front side thereof moves up and down. It is like this.

A power transmission unit 19 for transmitting power by a transmission system from the engine 3 is provided at the rear ends of the support frames 14 and 14, and a screw conveyor drive unit 20 is provided from the power transmission unit 19 via a chain transmission system. , 20 is transmitted. Screw conveyor drive unit 20, 2
The power is transmitted from 0 to the ends of the second conveyors 6c, 6c of the screw conveyors 6, 6 via the gear transmission mechanism 21. Further, the pull-out section 6a, the first transport section 6b, and the second transport section 6c of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 are configured independently of each other and can be independently replaced.

The screw conveyor drive unit 20,
The power is transmitted from 20 to the screw conveyors 6 and 6 via the gear transmission mechanism 21 so as to rotate inward together, and in the pull-out portion 6a, the pitch of the screw is changed between the pull-out portion and the transport portion. ing.
Further, the screw conveyor 6, as shown in FIG.
It is bent with respect to the horizontal line from the pull-out portion 6a to the first transport portion 6b, and is connected by the universal joint 23 at the bent portion. Also, the support frame 1
A bent portion 25 is formed at 4. Above the guides 11 of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, slightly above the guide body 11, there is a take-in reel 22 for taking in the heading vegetables vegetated in the field.
Is rotated by the support arm 24 and the transmission case 24a,
And it is supported to move up and down. Take-in reel 2
The reference numeral 2 designates a large number of elastic bodies (hoses) 22b hung between the left and right frame bodies 22a, 22a in a basket shape. The support arm 24 and the transmission case 24a are elastically held by a spring 24b so as to be vertically movable. .

A pressing belt 26 is provided behind the take-in reel 22 in correspondence with the conveying portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 for pressing the conveyed headed vegetables from above. The presser belt 26 is provided on the support frames 14, 1
4 at the front and rear of the portal frame 27, 2
8 and the gate-shaped frames 27 and 28 are connected to each other by a connecting frame 29, and the rear portion of the support frame 30 is connected to the gate-shaped frame 27 by a pair of left and right link bodies 31,
It is supported by 31 so as to be movable in parallel and pivotally in the vertical and front-rear directions, and the front part of the support frame 30 is elastically supported by the pair of left and right springs 32, 32 with respect to the gate frame 28. The moving speed of the presser belt 26 and the rotating speed of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, that is, the moving speed of the headed vegetables are synchronized. The link bodies 31 and 31 are the presser belt 2
It is not limited to the rear part of 6, and may be provided in the middle part or the front part.

On the outer peripheral surface of the pressing belt 26, plate-like scraping bodies 33, 33, ... Made of a flexible member are provided at predetermined intervals. The scraping body 33 does not necessarily have to be provided. The power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed from the shaft end portion of the screw conveyor drive unit 20 via a flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 34. Furthermore, the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed by the flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 35 from the machine side.
It is supposed to be done through. The pressing belt 26 can move up and down and back and forth within a predetermined range with respect to the screw conveyors 6 and 6. Further, the entire harvesting and conveying section 36 constituted by the pressing belt 26 and the screw conveyors 6 and 6 rotates. The front side can be moved up and down by rotating around the shaft 17.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
A pair of left and right guide wheels 37, 37 are provided near the sides of a and 6a so as to come into contact with and follow both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge and receive a reaction force for pulling out headed vegetables. This guide wheel 3
7 is a vertical adjustment mechanism 38 provided on the support frame 14.
Further, it is connected and supported via the connecting member 39, and the left and right widths can be adjusted, and it has a camber angle.
Then, as the machine runs, guide wheels 37, 37 roll on both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge to automatically steer the machine, and a manipulator (turning) operation at the field edge and cutting at the work table 8 by one operator. Enable work and. Further, the vertical movement adjustment and the horizontal width adjustment of the guide wheels 37, 37 are performed according to the height and width of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge.

Behind the control unit 7 and on the side of the work table 8 is provided a step 40 on which an operator rides,
A seat 41 is provided in a part of it. Most of the harvesting work is performed by the guide wheels 37, 37 except that the operator performs a steering (steering) operation on the control unit 7 when turning at the field edge.
Touches both sides of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge and follows, and the steering operation is performed almost automatically, and the worker is
6 and the pressing belt 26, and the work of cutting the rhizome portion with a knife or the like is performed from the headed vegetables discharged from the end of the conveyance to the upper workbench 8a or the workbench 8. The cut headed vegetables are stored in the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10.
The workbench 8 may be in a state in which the upper workbench 8a is omitted as shown in FIG.

In the container mounting portion 10, two fork-shaped mounting bases are provided on the inclined frame 42 formed by a pair of left and right channel members provided in a rearward inclination of the workbench 8 on the inclined frame 42, and rollers (not shown) are provided. A lift device is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 43 via a chain and is supported so as to be able to move up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 43. Then, the container 9 containing the bulb vegetables whose roots and roots have been cut is placed, and the container 9 is moved up and down according to the stored amount, and is also used for the cargo handling work of the container 9. The container 9 used here is large enough to accommodate about 200 kg of headed vegetables. Further, the container mounting portion 10 has a structure that can be housed on the side of the machine body by rotating upward from the base end portion thereof.

In the transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 3 to change gears, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) that continuously changes gears and a speed change gear are used to change the speed continuously and continuously. The power transmission is connected and disconnected via a differential device to allow the crawlers 2 and 2 to travel continuously and stepwise. A brake device is also provided in association with the differential device. Then, when the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are operated to spin the aircraft.

The screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the presser belt 26 can be adjusted to change their rotation speed and movement speed steplessly and stepwise, and are combined with stepless or stepwise variable speed running of the crawlers 2 and 2. By doing so, the harvesting speed of headed vegetables can be freely set. Further, the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the presser belt 26 are in a state in which the hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended and the rotary shaft 17 is rotated about the center to raise the tip end side when traveling on the road or turning work at the end of the field. ,
It makes it easy to drive on the road and turns headlands in a small area.

The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are
As shown in FIG. 9, a power transmission unit 19 for transmitting power by a transmission system from the engine 3 is provided at the rear ends of the support frames 14 and 14, and the screw conveyor is driven from the power transmission unit 19 via the chain transmission system. The power is transmitted to the parts 20, 20, and the support frame 1 is transmitted from the screw conveyor drive parts 20, 20 via the gear transmission mechanisms 21, 21a.
The power is transmitted to the transmission shafts 14a, 14a installed in 4, 4 and the ends of the second conveyors 6c, 6c of the screw conveyors 6, 6, respectively, and the first conveyors 6b, 6b are transferred from the second conveyors 6c, 6c. The power may be transmitted from two systems so as to drive.

Next, the operation of the headed vegetable harvester 1 constructed as described above will be described. The heading vegetable harvester 1
For example, when performing a harvesting operation in a field where cabbage, which is a heading vegetable, is cultivated, the guide wheel 3 is used according to the cultivation ridge.
7, 37 are adjusted up and down by the up-down adjustment mechanism 38, and the left-right width is adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is contracted to lower the front part of the harvesting and conveying section 36, and the guide wheels 37, 37 are provided on both sides of the cultivation ridge. In the contact state, the scraping reel 22, the screw conveyors 6 and 6, and the pressing belt 26 are rotationally driven, and the crawlers 2 and 2 cause the machine body to run. Then,
The machine body is almost automatically steered by the guide wheels 37, 37 and runs, and the heading vegetables vegetated on the cultivation ridges are guided by the guide body 11
Is guided and scraped by the scraping reel 22, and the rhizomes are clamped from both sides by the pulling-out portions 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6, which are pulled out by the outward rotation and the traveling of the machine body, and are sent backward without stagnation. To be

Since guides 11, 11 are provided at the tips of the pull-out portions 6a, 6a, headed vegetables are sucked in, and the root portions are clamped and pulled out by the rotating pull-out portions 6a, 6a. The heading vegetables pulled out by the pulling-out parts 6a, 6a are conveyed and taken over by the first conveying parts 6b, 6b, then taken over by the second conveying parts 6c, 6c, raised at a steep angle toward the rear of the machine, and conveyed. To be done. In this conveying process, the heading vegetables are pressed from above by the pressing belt 26 and move in a stable posture, and the root of the heading vegetables is cut by the cutting blade 12 during the movement.

The front end of the presser belt 26 is suspended by an upper frame 29 by a spring 32 and can be vertically moved and moved in parallel by a link body 31. Further, at a portion corresponding to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the scraping bodies 33 and 33 are provided. Since it is scratched by ..., the posture of the headed vegetables is corrected by pressing the headed vegetables according to the size, interval, etc. of the headed vegetables, and more reliable conveyance is performed, and the root of the headed vegetables is cut at a fixed position by the cutting blade 12. . Further, since the power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed by the flexible tube 35, the pressing belt 26 can freely move up and down and move in parallel within a predetermined range.

Further, the harvest conveyors 36 such as the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the pressing belt 26 are provided in the support frame 14,
Since the rear end portion of 14 is rotatable by the rotating shaft 17 and the front end side is supported by the guide wheels 37, 37, the front side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 is extremely lightly supported, and thus the floating state. With, it is possible to follow the unevenness of the field quickly and perform highly accurate harvesting work. Further, since the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed from the machine body side through the flexible tube 35, the vertical movement of the entire harvesting and transporting section 36 is smoothly performed, and stable harvesting operation is performed.

The heading vegetables discharged from the conveying end portions of the clew conveyors 6 and 6 are brought to the upper workbench 8a or the workbench 8. Then, the worker cuts the stem trunk, the lower leaves and the like from the heading vegetables with a kitchen knife or the like and processes them. The cut stem stem and lower leaves are released to the field. The cut headed vegetables are placed in the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10.
It is accommodated as if thrown into. At this time, when the amount of headed vegetables stored in the container 9 is small, the container placing part 10 is raised and lowered as the amount thereof is increased, so that damage caused when the headed vegetables are dropped or dropped can be reduced.

The container mounting portion 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder 43.
As a result, the machine is moved up and down in an oblique direction with respect to the machine body. By raising the machine body to approach the machine body side, the center of gravity of the machine body is moved toward the center of the machine body, and stable traveling performance is obtained. When the heading vegetables in the container 9 are full, the harvesting operation is interrupted once, and the front side of the harvesting and transporting section 36 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the machine is finished on the ridge or already harvested. After moving to the place, the container placing section 10 lowers the container 9, places a new container 9 and restarts the harvesting work. The headed vegetables in the unloaded container 9 are packaged and shipped by another operator.

Here, the headed vegetable harvester 1 has a transmission 5 on the front side of the crawlers 2 and 2, an engine 3, a control section 7 and a processing space 8 arranged substantially at the center, and a container mounting section on the rear side. By arranging 10, the front-rear and left-right balance of the machine body is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, and the traveling property, turning performance, and stability of the machine body are improved. Further, since the crawlers 2 and 2 are configured to be spin-turnable and the transmission 5 is disposed in the central portion on the front side of the machine body, when the machine body spin-turns, it can be rotated in either left or right direction with good balance. Therefore, the soil of the field is not greatly attracted by the crawlers 2 and 2.

The spiral direction, pitch and rotation direction, and number of rotations of the pull-out section 6a, the first transfer section 6b, and the second transfer section 6c of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 of the above-described embodiment are set to a state suitable for each function. As a result, the headed vegetables will be properly extracted and transported. Further, since the pull-out section 6a and the first transfer section 6b and the second transfer section 6c are driven by separate power transmission systems, it is possible to change their respective rotation speeds, and it is possible to adjust them more appropriately. You can also perform various tasks. Furthermore, since the pull-out part 6a, the first transfer part 6b, and the second transfer part 6c are each composed of a plurality of spiral shafts, if any of them is damaged, replace only the damaged part. Good.

[0030]

As described above, the heading vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following effects. The screw conveyor divides the path from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts, and when connecting a plurality of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, from the pulling section to the transfer unit. Since the inclination angle to the left and right is different, the large stones carried by the left and right screws can be tilted left and right in the course of the transportation and dropped from the screw conveyor. Moreover, the small stones that are conveyed can be dropped from the gap formed between the left and right screws.

Since the connection positions of the divided spiral shafts are different between the left and right, the harvested product can be moved smoothly without being stagnant at the connection positions. At least one of the screw conveyors is supported via an elastic body, so even if stones are caught between the left and right screws, the distance between the left and right screws will spread and the stones will fall. You can
Moreover, even if the rhizome of the headed vegetable is large or small, this can be dealt with.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entire headed vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the other embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view of the whole headed vegetable harvester, which is a plan view of a screw conveyor portion.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the same portion.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a screw conveyor portion.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment of the screw conveyor portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Heading Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic Pump 5 Transmission 6 Screw Conveyor 6a Extraction Part 6b First Transfer Section 6c Second Transfer Section 7 Control Section 8 Workbench (Processing Space) 8a Slat-shaped Upper Workbench 9 Container 10 Container mounting part (lifting device) 11 Guide body 11a Guide rod 11b Straightening plate 12 Cutting blade 13 Extraction / conveyance spiral body 14 Support frame 15 Moving shaft 15a Spring 16 Rotating support member 17 Rotating shaft 18,43 Hydraulic cylinder 19 Power transmission Part 20 Screw conveyor drive part 21 Gear transmission mechanism 22 Scraping reel 22a Frame body 22b Elastic body 23 Universal joint 24 Support arm 24a Transmission case 24b Spring 25 Bending part 26 Holding belt 26a Support frame 27, 28 Gate type frame 2 Connecting frame 30 supporting frame 31 link member 32 spring 33 take-member 34, 35 flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 36 harvest transport portion 37 guide wheel 38 up and down adjustment mechanism 39 interlocking member 40 steps 41 seat 42 inclined frame

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right that transports toward the rear of the machine body while advancing the machine body while rotating while holding the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from the left and right sides of the machine body front part. In the heading vegetable harvester provided with a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor divides the route from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of spiral shafts, and connects the plurality of divided spiral shafts in series. A heading vegetable harvester characterized in that when a continuous conveyor is constructed, the inclination angles from the pull-out section to the transport section are different between the left and right. 2. The head-mounted vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the connection positions of the divided spiral shafts are different between the left and right ones. 3. The headed vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the screw conveyors is supported via an elastic body.