JPH0628644Y2 - Coarse / fine movement device for collimation of surveying instrument - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a coarse / fine adjustment device for collimation of a surveying instrument such as a theodolite or a level.

[Prior art]

In a surveying instrument such as a theodolite, as shown in FIG. 5, a horizontal shaft 4 of a telescope 3 is supported by a pair of struts 2 provided on the parallel pedestal 1 so as to project from the lower surface of the parallel pedestal 1. The vertical shaft 6 is supported by the bearing 8 provided on the leveling table 7,
The telescope 3 has a structure capable of rotating about a horizontal axis 4 and a vertical axis 6.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing details of a conventional fine movement adjusting mechanism for the horizontal shaft 4. In this figure, a ring-shaped fixed ring 12 is fitted on the horizontal shaft 4, and a fixed screw 14 is attached to the fixed ring 12.
Are screwed together and penetrate the housing 11 forming the support 2, and the fixed knob 14a is provided there. The tip of the fixing screw 14 is in contact with the horizontal shaft 4, and the fixing screw 14 can be tightened to connect and integrate the horizontal shaft 4 and the fixed ring 12. The fixed ring 12 is provided with a protrusion 12a, and the protrusion 12a is clamped from both sides by a spring member 15 and a fine movement screw 16. Reference numeral 16a is a fine movement knob, reference numeral 18 is fixed to the housing 11, and the fine movement screw 16
Is a shaft casing to be screwed. Although not shown, the fine movement adjusting mechanism for the vertical shaft 6 has the same structure as the fine movement adjusting mechanism for the horizontal shaft 4.

Then, when collimating the target object using the telescope, the telescope 3 is manually moved around the horizontal axis 4 and the vertical axis 6 so that the target object comes within the field of view of the eyepiece lens, and in this state, The horizontal shaft 4 and the vertical shaft 6 are fixed by using the shaft fixing knob 14a and the vertical shaft fixing knob (not shown). Then, the fine movement knob 16a on the horizontal axis and the fine movement knob (not shown) on the vertical axis are used to match the target object with the cross hair.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the above-described conventional technique, the fixed knob 14a and the fine movement knob 16a are provided at positions separated from each other in the vertical direction, which causes a problem that the knob operation is troublesome and it takes time to collimate.

Further, if the horizontal axis 4 and the vertical axis 6 can be finely adjusted in two steps, smooth pitching is possible, but since the pitch of the fine adjustment screw is constant, the fine adjustment screw is turned many times. There is also a problem that it takes time to collimate due to necessity or excessive rotation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art,
The purpose is to provide a fixed knob and a fine movement knob adjacent to each other on the same axis position, and to speed up the collimation work by making two types of adjustments, coarse movement and fine movement, with one fine movement knob. is there.

[Means for solving problems]

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an embodiment of the present invention.

The sighting coarse / fine movement device of a surveying instrument according to the present invention includes a horizontal shaft 24 that is a pivotal shaft that pivotally supports a collimating telescope in a horizontal direction (or a vertical direction), and a shaft casing 60 mounted and fixed to the surveying instrument. And a pivot shaft fixing mechanism 100 for rotating the fixed shaft 40 to bring the horizontal shaft 24 into a fixed state. The coarse and fine movement shaft 7 is attached to the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 40 and is screwed into the shaft casing 60.
4, by rotating a coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 provided adjacent to the fixed knob 42 coaxially with the fixed knob 42, the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 is interlocked to move forward / backward to rotate the horizontal shaft 24. A collimation coarse / fine adjustment device of a surveying instrument including an adjustment mechanism 200, wherein the coarse / fine movement adjustment mechanism 200 is provided with a ball storage portion 73 formed on a coarse / fine movement shaft 76 and a coarse / fine movement knob 80. A cylindrical inner race 70 assembled to the fixed shaft 40 and arranged inside the ball storage portion 73, and arranged outside the ball storage portion 73 and extends inside the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80. A cylindrical outer race 76 having a cylindrical half-divided protrusion 76a, a pin 82 provided inside the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 and protruding on a rotation locus of the cylindrical half-divided protrusion 76a, and the coarse / fine movement. Bo of axis 74 It said in the housing portion 73 both races 7
When the pin 82 of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 and the cylindrical half-shaped projecting portion 76a of the outer race are engaged in the circumferential direction, the balls 73a are provided so as to come into contact with the races 70, 76. And the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 integrally rotates to adjust the coarse movement of the horizontal shaft 24, and the pin 82 of the coarse / fine movement knob 80 is moved.
When the outer race 76 does not engage with the cylindrical half-divided protrusion 76a of the outer race in the circumferential direction, the outer race 76 does not rotate and the inner race 70 rotates so that the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 moves with respect to the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80. It is configured to rotate with a certain delay to adjust the fine movement of the horizontal shaft 24.

[Action]

After turning the fixed knob 42, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80, which is adjacent to the fixed knob 42 at the same coaxial position, can be turned to perform coarse / fine adjustment, so that the horizontal shaft 24, which is the pivot shaft of the telescope, is fixed. The fine adjustment of the horizontal shaft 24 can be immediately performed.

Also, the pin 82 of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is attached to the inner race 70.
When the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is rotated in the state of being engaged with the cylindrical half-divided protrusion 76a of the above, the inner race 70, the outer race 76, and the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 are integrally rotated to rotate the horizontal shaft 24.
The coarse movement of can be adjusted. Also, the pin 82 of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80
When the outer race 76 is rotated in a range where it does not engage with the cylindrical half-shaped portion 76a of the outer race 76 in the circumferential direction, only the inner race 70 rotates without rotating the outer race 76, and both races 7
The ball 73a between 0 and 76 revolves around its own axis. However, since the revolution of the ball 73a revolves with a certain delay with respect to the rotation of the inner race 70, the coarse / fine movement shaft 7
4 also rotates with a certain delay from the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80, and fine adjustment of the horizontal axis 24 can be performed.

In this way, the coarse and fine movement knob 80 can adjust the two types of rotation of the horizontal shaft 24, that is, the coarse movement and the fine movement, and the collimation work of the collimation telescope becomes easy.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied as a coarse / fine adjustment device for a horizontal axis of a theodolite telescope.

In these drawings, reference numeral 24 is a horizontal axis of the telescope, and a fixed ring 25 is fitted to the horizontal axis 24 in the housing 23. A protrusion 26 is formed on the fixed ring 25, and a through hole 26 a extending in the radial direction is formed in the protrusion 26. A push rod 28 is inserted into the through hole 26 a, and an upper end portion 28 a of the push rod 28 can come into contact with the horizontal shaft 24 via a top 29. Lower end 28b of push rod 28
Is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the spiral cam 30 provided at the lower end 26b of the fixed ring protrusion. The cam support shaft 31 is fixedly attached to the lower end portion 26b of the fixed ring protruding portion, and the cam 30
Is attached to the cam support shaft 31 and is rotatable about the cam support shaft 31. The center rod 56 of the fixed joint 50 is in contact with one end of the cam support shaft 31, and the pressing spring member 32 screwed to the housing 23 forming a support column for supporting the telescope is in contact with the other end thereof. As a result, the fixed ring 25 is always in a state in which the rotational urging force in the clockwise direction (arrow A direction) is applied.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a fixed shaft arranged in a shaft casing 60 fixed to the housing 23. A fixed knob 42 for rotating the shaft is provided at one end, and a cam is provided at the other end via a fixed joint 50. It is connected to the support shaft 31. Fixed joint 50
The end portion 40a of the fixed shaft 40 and the shaft end portion 30a of the cam 30 are respectively inserted into both ends of the hollow cylindrical portion 52, and the bolt 54 screwed to the insertion end portions 40a, 30a.
Vertical slit 5 in which the heads of a and 54b are formed in the cylindrical portion 52
It is a structure that is engaged with each of the 3 and has a universal joint structure. A center rod 56 having both ends in contact with the fixed shaft 40 and the cam support shaft 31 is arranged in the hollow cylindrical portion 52, and the pressing force on the fixed shaft 40 side is applied to the cam via the center rod 56. It is transmitted to the 30 side. A bulged disc portion 46 is formed at an inner position of the end portion 40a of the fixed shaft 40, and the disc portion 46 is supported by a bearing metal 62. The bearing metal 62 has a circumferential direction of 90.
A notch portion 64 having a degree of degree is formed, the stopper pin 47 projects from the disk portion 46 into the notch portion 64, and the rotation amount of the fixed shaft 40 is limited to a range of 90 degrees. Then, when the fixed knob 42 is rotated, the fixed shaft 40 also rotates integrally,
The spiral cam 30 is also rotated through the fixed joint 50 to push the push rod 28 upward, which causes the top 29 to move.
Is pressed against the surface of the horizontal shaft 24 and the horizontal shaft 24 and the stationary ring 2
5 is connected and integrated, and the fixed ring 25 is a pressing spring member 32.
And the fixed joint 50 fixes the clamped state. That is, the cam 30 locks and unlocks the horizontal shaft 24 within a 90-degree rotation range of the fixed knob 42.

In this way, the fixed shaft 40, the fixed joint 50, the cam 3
0, the spring member 32, the fixed ring 25, and the push rod 28 constitute a shaft fixing mechanism 100 for fixing the horizontal shaft 24.

On the outer circumference of the fixed shaft 40, a stepped cylindrical coarse-fine movement shaft 74 screwed into the shaft casing 60 is assembled.
A thrust ball bearing 44a is interposed between the No. 4 and the bulging disk portion 46. Reference numeral 75 indicates a threaded portion between the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 and the shaft casing 60. As shown in FIG. 3, the ball accommodating hole 7 is formed in the large diameter portion 74a of the coarse / fine movement shaft 74.
3 are formed at three locations in the circumferential direction, and balls 73a are housed in the housing holes 73, respectively. Coarse / fine movement shaft large diameter part 7
A cylindrical inner race 70 assembled to the fixed shaft 40 is arranged inside 4a, and is rotatably assembled to the inner peripheral surface of the shaft casing 60 outside the large diameter portion 74a of the coarse / fine adjustment shaft. A cylindrical outer race 76 is provided. The outer race 76 is a ring-shaped stopper member 7 fixed to the tip of the shaft casing 60 by a leaf spring 77.
8 is pressed. A concave groove 71 is provided around the outer peripheral surface of the inner race 70, the inner race 70 receives the biasing force of the spring member 72 via the thrust bearing 44b, and the ball 73a has a concave sloped surface of the concave groove 71 of the inner race 70. The outer race 76 is sandwiched between the inner peripheral surface of the outer race 76 and the outer race 76. As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical half-divided protrusion 76 a is formed at the end of the outer race 76, and is screwed into and integrated with the inner race 70 so as to be coaxially adjacent to the fixed knob 42. A pin 82 is provided so as to project from the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80, and the side edge portion 76b of the outer race protruding portion 76a is arranged so as to be positioned exactly on the rotation locus of the pin 82. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), when the pin 82 pushes the side edge portion 76b, the outer race 76 rotates integrally with the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80, and the reference numeral in FIG. As shown by C, the rotation range (1) of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 in which the pin 82 does not come into contact with the side edge portion 76b.
In the range of 80 degrees), the outer race 76 is not forcibly rotated by the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80.

When the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is rotated while the pin 82 is in contact with the side edge portion 76b of the outer race protruding portion, the pin 82 presses and rotates the outer race 76, so that the inner race 70 and the outer race 76 rotate integrally. , Both races 7
The ball 73a clamped between 0 and 76 also rotates integrally with both races 70 and 76. Therefore, the coarse / fine movement shaft 74
Also rotates integrally with both races and moves forward or backward while rotating with respect to the shaft casing 60. And coarse and fine movement axis 7
4 moves forward (moves to the right in FIG. 1), the bearing 44a
Through the bulge disk part 46 of the fixed shaft, fixed joint 5
0, the cam support shaft 31 resists the urging force of the spring member 32 to move the first
Since it is pushed rightward in the figure, the horizontal shaft 24 is rotated counterclockwise (direction B in FIG. 1) together with the fixed ring 25. Conversely, when the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 moves backward (moves to the left in FIG. 1),
The horizontal biasing force of the spring member 32 causes the horizontal shaft 24 to rotate clockwise (direction A in FIG. 1) together with the fixed ring 25. The rotation of the horizontal shaft 24 is performed by the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 being transmitted to the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 as it is, thereby performing coarse adjustment.

On the other hand, when the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is rotated within the range in which the pin 82 does not contact the side edge portion 76b, the outer race 76 causes the leaf spring 77 to rotate.
It is pressed and fixed to the stopper ring 78 by the biasing force of, and only the inner race 70 rotates. Therefore, the ball 73a interposed between the races 70 and 76 revolves around the fixed shaft 40 with a certain delay while rotating on its own axis. As a result, the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 is kept constant with respect to the rotation of the inner race 70. It rotates with a delay. And coarse and fine movement axis 7
4 moves forward or backward, and the horizontal shaft 24 rotates. The rotation of the water shaft 24 is a fine rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 which is rotated with a certain delay from the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80, and the horizontal shaft 24 is rotated more than the coarse movement. Fine adjustment with slow speed.

In this way, the horizontal shaft 24 is roughly rotated or slightly rotated by the inner race 70 having the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80, the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74, the outer race 76, and the ball 73a which are assembled to the fixed shaft 40 of the shaft fixing mechanism 100. A coarse / fine adjustment mechanism 200 for moving is configured.

Next, a case will be described in which the telescope of the surveying instrument in which the coarse / fine movement device is incorporated is collimated in the vertical direction.

First, the telescope is moved around the horizontal axis 24, and when the target object comes to a predetermined position in the field of view of the telescope, the horizontal axis 24 is fixed by the fixing knob 42. Next, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is rotated clockwise to move the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 forward in a coarse movement state, whereby the horizontal shaft 24 and the fixed shaft 25 are roughly rotated counterclockwise. Thus, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is used to position the target slightly beyond the horizontal crosshair. Next, turn the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 in the opposite direction (counterclockwise).
The coarse / fine movement shaft 74 is moved backward in the fine movement state by rotating to, and the horizontal shaft 24 is finely rotated clockwise together with the fixed ring 25 by the biasing force of the spring member 32. In this way, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 is turned in the opposite direction to return the target object to the position of the crosshair horizon, and the collimation work is completed.

The above is a description of the coarse / fine movement mechanism around the horizontal axis 24 of the telescope, but the same applies to the coarse / fine movement mechanism around the vertical axis, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when collimating, the rough collimation by the direct hand, the collimation by rotating the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 within the coarse adjustment range, and the coarse / fine adjustment knob 80 within the fine adjustment range are performed. By performing the three operations of the collimation by the collimation sequentially or in an appropriate combination, the collimation can be performed quickly and accurately.

[Effect of device]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, since the fixed knob and the coarse / fine adjustment knob are provided adjacent to each other at the same axial center position, the collimation operation becomes easy.

In addition, coarse adjustment is performed until the target object approaches the crosshair, and then fine adjustment can be performed to make it easier to match the target object with the crosshair. Becomes

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a coarse / fine adjustment device for a horizontal axis of a theodolite telescope, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of its main part, and FIG. 3 is a line shown in FIG. A sectional view taken along line III-III, FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are sectional views of an outer race in a coarse or fine movement state, and FIG. 5 is a side view of a theodolite in which a conventional fine movement adjusting mechanism is assembled. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional fine movement adjusting mechanism. 23 ... Casing, 24 ... Horizontal axis, 25 ... Fixed ring, 30 ... Spiral cam, 32 ... Pressing spring member, 40 ... Fixed shaft, 42 ... Fixed knob, 50 ... Fixed joint, 60 …… Shaft casing, 70 …… Inner race 73 …… Ball storage hole, 73a …… Ball 74 …… Coarse and fine adjustment shaft, 76 …… Outer race 76a …… Cylindrical half split projection 80 …… Coarse and fine adjustment knob, 82… … Pin, 100… Shaft fixing mechanism, 200… Coarse / fine adjustment mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A pivot shaft that pivotally supports a collimating telescope horizontally or vertically, and a fixed shaft that is disposed in a shaft casing that is fixedly attached to a surveying instrument and that is provided with a fixed knob at an end thereof. And a pivot support shaft fixing mechanism for rotating the fixed shaft to bring the pivot support shaft into a fixed state, and having a hollow shape to be attached to the outer periphery of the fixed shaft and screwed to the shaft casing. Coarse / fine movement adjustment which has a coarse / fine movement shaft and which is provided coaxially with the fixed knob and which is provided adjacent to the fixed knob, causes the coarse / fine movement shaft to interlock with each other to move forward / backward to rotate the pivot shaft. A coarse and fine adjustment device for collimation of a surveying instrument including a mechanism, wherein the coarse and fine adjustment mechanism has a ball storage portion formed on a coarse and fine movement shaft and a coarse and fine movement knob attached to the fixed shaft. The cylindrical inner sleeve that is installed inside the ball storage A cylindrical outer race having a cylindrical half-shaped protrusion extending outside the ball accommodating portion and extending inside the coarse / fine adjustment knob; and a cylindrical outer race provided inside the coarse / fine adjustment knob. A pin projecting on the rotation locus of the half-shaped protrusion and a ball accommodated in the ball accommodating portion of the coarse / fine adjustment shaft so as to come into contact with both races, and a pin for the coarse / fine adjustment knob and a cylindrical half-division of the outer race. When the shape protrusion engages in the circumferential direction, both races and the coarse / fine adjustment shaft rotate integrally to adjust the coarse movement of the pivot shaft, and the pin of the coarse / fine adjustment knob and the cylindrical half-division protrusion of the outer race , The outer race does not rotate, and the rotation of the inner race causes the coarse / fine adjustment shaft to rotate with a certain delay with respect to the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob, so that the fine adjustment of the pivot shaft can be performed. Is configured to be DOO seen mutatis mutandis coarse and fine movement device surveying instrument according to claim.