JPH06264977A - Synchronizer of transmission gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out speed change operation in a short time by way of eliminating a synchromesh system by accelerating or decelerating a main gear by way of properly actuating two clutches provided on a side of a transmission and changing speed of the main gear after synchronizing rotational speed of the main gear with rotational speed of an output shaft. CONSTITUTION:By actuating a first clutch 5 to connect or disconnect an output gear 4 driven by a synchro gear 2 fixed on an output shaft 8 and a synchro shaft 3, rotational speed of the synchro shaft 3 is increased. Or, by actuating a second clutch 6 to connect or disconnect the synchro shaft 3 and a case 27 of an automatic transmission, rotational speed of the synchro shaft 3 is reduced and a counter shaft 16 is accelerated or decelerated. Consequently, it is possible to synchronize rotational speed of a main gear and the output shaft 8 in a short period of time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a speed change gear synchronizing device, and in particular, by appropriately actuating two clutches provided on the side of the speed change device, the main gear is accelerated or decelerated to control the rotational speed of the main gear. The present invention relates to a speed change gear synchronizing apparatus that makes it possible to perform a speed change operation in synchronization with the rotation speed of an output shaft, thereby eliminating the need for a synchromesh mechanism and smoothly performing a speed change operation in a short time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when shifting the gears of a vehicle transmission, the shift operation is performed after the clutch is operated to disconnect the transmission from the engine, but as an automatic transmission, An automatic transmission that automatically shifts the manual transmission to an actuator that uses a fluid pressure cylinder has been adopted. By not using a torque converter, fuel efficiency is improved and driving loss is dramatically reduced while reducing output loss. Improved transmissions have been put to practical use.

However, in this type of automatic transmission, a mechanical clutch is mainly used, and in this type, the clutch must be engaged and disengaged each time a gear shifting operation is performed. .

Therefore, when the clutch is disengaged prior to the gear shifting operation, the rotary members below the clutch disk rotate inertially due to their inertia, so that they are fixed to the input shaft, the input gear, the counter gear, the counter shaft, and the counter shaft. The main gear for speed change will rotate by inertia together.

When the clutch is not completely disengaged, so-called clutch dragging occurs, but even in this case, the counter shaft and the like continue to rotate at a certain speed against the driver's will.

On the other hand, in order to smoothly perform the gear insertion and gear removal of the transmission, it is necessary to perform a gear shift operation in a state where the rotation speeds of the output shaft and the main gear are synchronized.

That is, when the gear is upshifted, the rotational speed of the main gear connected next is always higher than the rotational speed of the output shaft, so it is necessary to reduce the rotational speed of the main gear prior to shifting, and vice versa. When the gear is downshifted, the rotation speed of the main gear to be connected next is always lower than the rotation speed of the output shaft. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the rotation speed of the main gear before shifting.

In order to reduce or increase the rotational speed of the main gear, conventionally, a double clutch operation is performed, or the conical inner diameter of the synchronizer ring is brought into contact with the conical portion of the main gear, and the frictional force of the conical portion causes frictional force of the main gear. After synchronizing the rotation speed and the rotation speed of the output shaft, the gear shift operation is performed using a so-called synchromesh mechanism that causes the gears to mesh with each other.

However, according to the conventional synchronization method and apparatus,
It takes a long time to synchronize the rotation speed of the main gear and the rotation speed of the output shaft, and the gear shift may occur at a timing that is slightly different from the driver's intention, so there is room for improvement in order to ensure light driving performance. there were.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to provide an output gear driven by a synchro gear fixed to an output shaft. A first clutch that connects or disconnects the gear and the synchro shaft, and a second clutch that connects or disconnects the synchro shaft and the case of the automatic transmission, and operates the first clutch when the gear is downshifted. The speed of rotation of the synchro shaft is increased, and when the gear is upshifted, the second clutch is operated to reduce the speed of rotation of the synchro shaft, and the counter gear and the main gear that are spline-fitted to the synchro shaft are used. By increasing or decreasing the speed of the counter shaft, the main gear and output And that to be able to synchronize the rotational speed of the shaft and thereby is to ensure a nimble operation performance to be able to perform the gear shift operation to the will by a driver.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In summary, the present invention is directed to a synchro gear fixed to an output shaft of a constant mesh gear type transmission and rotating together with the output shaft, and a plurality of main gears rotatably fitted to the output shaft. , A synchro shaft which is engaged with a counter gear which is always meshed with and rotated by a spline, and rotational power is transmitted from the counter gear, and is rotatably fitted to the synchro shaft and is constantly meshed with the synchro gear. A rotating output gear, a first clutch that connects or disconnects the output gear and the synchro shaft, and a second clutch that connects or disconnects the synchro shaft and a case of the automatic transmission. , The first clutch or the clutch when shifting the automatic transmission. It is characterized in that to constitute a rotational speed of the main gear by actuating the second clutch so as to synchronize the rotational speed of the output shaft.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 to 4, a transmission gear synchronizing device 1 according to the present invention includes a synchro gear 2 and a synchro shaft 3.
, The output gear 4, the first clutch 5, and the second
And a clutch 6 of.

The speed change gear synchronizing device 1 includes a rotation speed of the output shaft 8 and a first speed main gear 9A, a reverse main gear 9B, a second speed main gear 9C, and a third speed which are rotatably fitted to the output shaft 8. Main gear 9D
Alternatively, it is for synchronizing the rotation speed of the fourth-speed main gear 9E, and is attached to the side of the constant mesh gear type transmission 10.

Between the crankshaft 12 and the input shaft 13 of the engine 11, a hydraulic pressure-type clutch 14 is arranged to connect and disconnect the crankshaft 12 and the input shaft 13. .

The input gear 15 fixed to the input shaft 13 meshes with the counter gear 18 fixed to the counter shaft 16, and transmits the rotation of the input shaft 13 to the counter shaft 16.

A first speed counter gear 19A, a reverse speed counter gear 19B, a second speed counter gear 19C, a third speed counter gear 19D and a fourth speed counter gear 19E are fixed to the counter shaft 16, respectively. Main gear 9A, reverse main gear 9B, second speed main gear 9C,
The third speed main gear 9D and the fourth speed main gear 9E are in mesh with each other.

Between the first speed main gear 9A and the reverse main gear 9B of the output shaft 8, between the second speed main gear 9C and the third speed main gear 9D, and between the fourth speed main gear 9E and the input gear 15. , Gear shift shift forks 20A, 20B and 20C are provided respectively, and the shift select unit 23 is operated by a command from the computer 22 by manually operating the shift lever 21 to shift the shift forks 20A, 20B or 20C. 20C to move each sleeve 17A, 17B or 1
The main shaft 9A for the first speed, the main gear 9B for the reverse speed, the main gear 9C for the second speed, the main gear 9C for the third speed, the main gear 9D for the third speed, and the main gear 9E for the fourth speed are connected to the output shaft 8 via 7C. .

The synchro gear 2 is for transmitting the rotation of the output shaft 8 to the output gear 4, and is fixed to the output shaft 8 so as to rotate together with the output shaft 8.

The synchro shaft 3 controls the rotational speed of the synchro shaft 3 so as to be connected to the first gear main gear 9A, reverse main gear 9B,
The main gear 9C for the second speed, the main gear 9D for the third speed, or the main gear 9E for the fourth speed are accelerated and decelerated so as to synchronize with the rotation speed of the output shaft 8, and a case of the constant mesh gear type transmission 10. It is rotatably supported by a ball bearing 24 at 27.

A male spline 3a is formed at an intermediate portion of the synchro shaft 3, and a female spline 25a formed on the counter gear 25 is slidably fitted to the male spline 3a.

The counter gear 25 is the second speed main gear 9
It is meshed with C and is configured to transmit the rotation of the synchro shaft 3 to the counter shaft 16 via the second speed main gear 9C and the second speed counter gear 19C.

The output gear 4 is for transmitting the rotation of the output shaft 8 to a first clutch 5 which will be described later, and is rotatably fitted to the synchro shaft 3 via a needle bearing 26. , Is configured to be meshed with the synchro gear 2 and rotated by the output shaft 8.

A ring-shaped protrusion 4a is provided on the side of the output gear 4 and is configured as a housing for the first clutch 5.

The first clutch 5 is a first speed main gear 9
A, reverse main gear 9B, second speed main gear 9C, 3
It is for increasing the rotation speed of the main gear for speed 9D or the main gear for fourth speed 9E, and the male spline 3a of the synchro shaft 3 has female splines 2 on its inner and outer diameter portions.
8a and male spline 28b formed intermediate ring 2
8 female splines 28a are fitted so as to be slidable and to transmit rotation.

A plurality of shaft side clutch plates 29 are slidably fitted to the male splines 28b and female splines 29a formed on the shaft side clutch plates 29.

The female spline 4 is formed on the inner diameter of the ring-shaped protrusion 4a formed as the housing of the first clutch 5.
b is formed, is slidably fitted to the male spline 30a formed on the housing side clutch plate 30, and a plurality of housing side clutch plates 30 and a plurality of shaft side clutch plates 29 are alternately arranged. Has been done.

The cylinder chamber 3 is provided in the case 27 so as to face the side of the shaft side clutch plate 29 and the housing side clutch plate 30.
1 is fixed by a bolt 32, and a piston 33 is fitted in the cylinder chamber 31 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction in FIG.

An O-ring 34 is attached to the inner and outer diameter fitting portions of the piston 33 and the cylinder chamber 31 to maintain airtightness, and a compression spring is provided between the washer 35 fixed to the cylinder chamber 31 and the piston 33. 36 is attached, and the piston 33 is disengaged from the shaft side clutch plate 29 and the housing side clutch plate 30 (right direction in FIG. 3).
Is urged to.

Then, by supplying the compressed fluid in the direction of arrow A from the compressed fluid supply port 27a provided in the case 27 and moving the piston 33 in the direction of arrow B, the pressing plate 3
The shaft side clutch plate 29 and the housing side clutch plate 30 are brought into close contact with each other via 8, and the rotational force of the output gear 4 is transmitted to the synchro shaft 3 by a frictional force.

The second clutch 6 is a first speed main gear 9
A, reverse main gear 9B, second speed main gear 9C, 3
The first clutch 5 is for reducing the rotational speed of the high speed main gear 9D or the fourth speed main gear 9E.
And the structure is almost the same.

A male spline 41a formed on a fixed clutch plate 41 is slidably fitted to a female spline 40a formed on the inner diameter of a fixed housing 40 fixed to the case 27 by a bolt 39, and a counter gear 25
A plurality of female splines 42a of the shaft side clutch plate 42 are slidably and alternately arranged with the fixed clutch plate 41 so as to be fitted into the male spline 25b formed continuously.

A cylinder portion 40b is formed on the left side of the fixed housing 40 in FIG. 3 similarly to the cylinder chamber 31, and a piston 43 is slidable in the right and left directions in the cylinder portion 40b via an O-ring 44. It is fitted.

A compression spring 46 is mounted between the washer 45 fixed to the fixed housing 40 and the piston 43, and the piston 43 is disengaged from the fixed clutch plate 41 and the shaft side clutch plate 42 (see FIG. 3) to the left).

Then, the compressed fluid is supplied in the direction of arrow C from the compressed fluid supply port 27b provided in the case 27 to move the piston 43 in the direction of arrow D, whereby the pressing plate 4 is pressed.
The fixed clutch plate 41 and the shaft-side clutch plate 42 are brought into close contact with each other via 8 and the braking force is transmitted to the synchro shaft 3 by a frictional force.

Lubricating oil supply holes 3b, 4c, 25c and 28c are formed in the synchro shaft 3, the output gear 4, the counter gear 25 and the intermediate ring 28, respectively, from a lubricating oil supply device (not shown). Lubricating oil is supplied in the direction of arrow E to lubricate each part.

Further, the first clutch 5 and the second clutch 6
A needle thrust bearing 37 is mounted between the output gear 4 and the counter gear 25.

The present invention is configured as described above,
The operation will be described below. 1 to 3, when the vehicle is traveling at 1st speed, the sleeve 17A is engaged with the 1st speed main gear 9A by the shift fork 20A for gear shifting, and the crankshaft 1 of the engine 11 is
The rotational force of No. 2 is transmitted to the input shaft 13 by the clutch 14.

Further, the input gear 15 and the counter gear 1
8, counter shaft 16, first speed counter gear 19
It is transmitted to the output shaft 8 via A, first speed main gear 9A, and sleeve 17A.

That is, the rotational torque input from the engine 11 in the direction of arrow F is output from the output shaft 8 in the direction of arrow G to rotate wheels (not shown) to drive the vehicle.

Here, in order to shift from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, a clutch pedal (not shown) is operated to disconnect the crankshaft 12 and the input shaft 13 by the clutch 14, and the speed change lever 21 is manually operated. Then, when the gear removing operation is performed, the operation signal is transmitted to the computer 22, and the shift select unit 23 is operated by the instruction from the computer 22 to perform the gear removing.

Specifically, the shift fork 2 for gear shifting
0A slides leftward on the output shaft 8 in FIG. 2 to move the sleeve 17A in the same direction to release the engagement between the first-speed main gear 9A and the output shaft 8.

In this state, the input shaft 13, the input gear 15, the counter gear 18, the counter shaft 16 and the counter gear 19A for the first speed, the counter gear 19B for the reverse drive, the counter gear 19C for the second speed, the counter gear 19C for the second speed, Third-speed counter gear 19D, fourth-speed counter gear 19E, and 1 meshed with these gears, respectively.
The speed main gear 9A, the reverse main gear 9B, the second speed main gear 9C, the third speed main gear 9D, and the fourth speed main gear 9E rotate by inertia.

When a shift operation to the second speed is performed by the shift lever 21, the operation signal is transmitted to the computer 22 and the shift select unit 23 receives the computer 22.
The operation command signal is transmitted from.

That is, the computer 22 determines that the operation is an upshift operation and operates the second clutch 6 to reduce the rotational speed of the second-speed main gear 9C. The compressed fluid is supplied from the compressed fluid supply port 27b in the direction of arrow C to move the piston 43 in the direction of arrow D, and the fixed clutch plate 41 and the shaft side clutch plate 42 are brought into close contact with each other via the pressing plate 48.

By this operation, the fixed clutch plate 4 is attached to the shaft side clutch plate 42 rotating together with the synchronizing shaft 3.
The braking force due to the frictional force with 1 acts, and the rotation speed of the synchro shaft 3 is reduced.

The deceleration action of the synchro shaft 3 is transmitted to the second-speed main gear 9C via the counter gear 25,
The rotation speed of the second-speed main gear 9C is reduced until the rotation speed is synchronized with the rotation speed of the output shaft 8.
When the rotation speed of the high-speed main gear 9C is reduced, the rotation speed detection device (not shown) detects this and the computer 2
2, the computer 22 operates the fluid pressure switching valve to stop the supply of the compressed fluid to the cylinder portion 40b.

The piston 43 moves to the left in FIG. 3 by the action of the compression spring 46, the fixed clutch plate 41 and the shaft side clutch plate 42 are separated from each other, and the second clutch 6 is in the disengaged state.

In this state, the shift fork 20B for gear shifting moves to the right in FIG. 3 in accordance with a command from the computer 22, and the sleeve 17B engages with the second-speed main gear 9C, whereby the second-speed main gear 9C is engaged. The output shaft 8 is connected and the shifting operation to the second speed is completed.

Similarly, in the case of shifting up from the second speed to the third speed and from the third speed to the fourth speed, the second clutch 6 is actuated to output the rotational speed of the third speed main gear 9D or the fourth speed main gear 9E. The shift fork 2 for gear shifting after decelerating to a speed that is in synchronization with the rotation speed of the shaft 8.
Since the gear shift operation is performed by moving 0B or 20C rightward or leftward, the gearshift can be smoothly performed.

The deceleration of the deceleration is such that when the pressure of the compressed fluid supplied to the second clutch 6 is controlled by the computer 22, rapid deceleration is performed, and when the compressed fluid of high pressure is slightly decelerated. Since the compressed fluid having a relatively low pressure is supplied to perform the deceleration action, the deceleration can be performed to a predetermined rotation speed in a short time, and the gear shifting operation can be performed quickly.

Next, when shifting down from the 4th speed to the 3rd speed, for example, the clutch 14 is operated to disengage the clutch, and then the gear shift lever 21 is operated to engage the 4th speed main gear 9E. The shift fork 20C for gear shifting that has been used is moved leftward in FIG. 3 to disengage the sleeve 17C from the output shaft 8.

Then, in order to actuate the first clutch 5 to increase the rotational speed of the third speed main gear 9D, a fluid pressure switching valve (not shown) is actuated so that compressed fluid is supplied from the compressed fluid supply port 27a by an arrow. Supplying in the direction A, moving the piston 33 in the direction of arrow B to bring the shaft side clutch plate 29 and the housing side clutch plate 30 into close contact with each other via the pressing plate 38, and the rotational force of the output gear 4 is synchronized by the frictional force. It is transmitted to the shaft 3 to increase the speed.

The increased rotation of the synchro shaft 3 is transmitted to the third speed main gear 9D through the counter gear 25, the second speed main gear 9C, the second speed counter gear 19C, the counter shaft 16, and the third speed counter gear 19D. As a result, these gears are accelerated, and when the rotation speed of the third-speed main gear 9D is increased to a speed synchronized with the rotation speed of the output shaft 8, the supply of the compressed fluid to the compressed fluid supply port 27a is stopped. Therefore, the piston 33 is the compression spring 3
The action of 6 moves to the right, and the first clutch 5 is in the disengaged state.

A shift fork 20B for gear shifting
3 moves to the left in FIG. 3 to connect the third speed main gear 9D and the output shaft 8 with the sleeve 17B, and the shift operation to the third speed is completed.

Similarly, in the case of downshifting from the 3rd speed to the 2nd speed and from the 2nd speed to the 1st speed, the rotation speed of the second speed main gear 9C or the first speed main gear 9A is output by operating the first clutch 5. The shift fork 2 for shifting gears after the speed is increased to a speed synchronized with the rotation speed of the shaft 8.
Move 0B or 20A to the right or left to move the sleeve 1
Since the gear shift operation is performed by 7A or 17B, the gear shift can be smoothly performed.

In the above embodiment, the counter gear 25 has been described as meshing with the second speed main gear 9C, but the gear with which the counter gear 25 meshes is not limited to the second speed main gear 9C. First-speed main gear 9A, reverse main gear 9B, third-speed main gear 9
It may be either the D or the fourth speed main gear 9E.

[0057]

According to the present invention, the first clutch and the synchro shaft for connecting or disconnecting the output gear and the synchro shaft, which are driven by the synchro gear fixed to the output shaft as described above, and the case of the automatic transmission. And a second clutch for connecting and disconnecting, and operating the first clutch to increase the rotational speed of the synchro shaft when the gear is downshifted, and to operate the second clutch when the gear is upshifted. Reduce the rotational speed of the synchro shaft, and accelerate or decelerate the counter shaft via the counter gear and the main gear that are spline-fitted to the synchro shaft, thereby synchronizing the rotational speeds of the main gear and the output shaft in a short time. It has the effect of being able to Since it is possible to perform the shift operation in Zhi Street, there is an effect that it is possible to ensure nimble driving performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a speed change gear synchronization device.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a speed change gear synchronization device.

FIG. 3 is a lateral cross-sectional view of a main part of a speed change gear synchronization device.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a speed change gear synchronization device.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 Synchronous device of transmission gear 2 Synchronous gear 3 Synchronous shaft 4 Output gear 5 First clutch 6 Second clutch 8 Output shaft 9C Main gear for 2nd speed which is an example of main gear 10 Constant mesh gear type transmission 25 counter gear 27 automatic transmission case

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A synchronous gear which is fixed to an output shaft of a constant mesh gear type automatic transmission and rotates together with the output shaft, and a plurality of main gears which are rotatably fitted to the output shaft.
A counter gear that constantly rotates in mesh with one gear and a synchro shaft that is fitted by a spline to transmit rotational power from the counter gear, and rotatably fitted in the synchro shaft and rotates while always meshing with the synchro gear. An output gear; a first clutch that connects or disconnects the output gear and the synchro shaft; and a second clutch that connects or disconnects the synchro shaft and a case of the automatic transmission. When shifting the automatic transmission, the first clutch or the second clutch
2. A transmission gear synchronizing apparatus, characterized in that the clutch is operated to synchronize the rotation speed of the main gear with the rotation speed of the output shaft.