JPH0620899Y2 - Linear guide device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a linear guide device provided with a slider that is axially movable along a guide rail through the rolling of rolling elements, The present invention relates to a linear guide device that has a vertical and horizontal vibration damping function.

[Conventional technology]

A conventional linear guide device of this type is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-33291.

In this device, a slide bearing made of a low friction material, which is pressed by a spring, is interposed between the guide rail and the slider, and the slide bearing increases the frictional resistance between the guide rail and the slider to some extent, A damping force is applied when the vehicle stops after moving.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, there is a problem that the damping function is weak against the vibration of the slider in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction even though it effectively functions for the vibration of the slider in the moving direction.

Further, since the damping force of the slider is given by the pressing force of the incorporated spring, it is set to a predetermined value and the damping characteristic cannot be changed. Therefore, when used in machine tools etc., if the pressing force of the spring is set according to the state during processing, a large sliding resistance will work even when the table that is not processed returns, leading to a loss of drive energy. Further, there is a problem that the life of the machine is shortened because the load applied to the feed screw and the like during the rapid feed is large.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems by using a fluid spring that uses air, oil or the like having a higher damping function than a mechanical spring.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a guide rail extending with rolling elements rolling grooves in the axial direction on both sides, and a guide rail movably fitted on the guide rail and rolling the guide rail. A linear guide device comprising a slider having an inner surface having rolling element rolling grooves facing the rolling element rolling grooves, and a large number of rolling elements which are rotatably inserted in the rolling elements rolling grooves facing each other. A recess is provided on the surface of the slider facing the guide rail, and a vibration absorbing plate for applying a pressing force to the surface of the guide rail facing the guide rail is disposed in the recess. A vibration absorbing medium such as gas, liquid or fluid plastics is sealed in a closed space formed between the two.

The above-mentioned vibration absorbing plate is provided with a detachable plunger, and if a dropout preventing projection is provided at one end of the plunger, it is convenient to handle when the slider is removed from the guide rail.

In addition, a diaphragm may be provided between the vibration absorbing medium inlet opening on the outer surface of the slider and the closed space inside the slider to provide the vibration absorbing function by utilizing the flow resistance of the vibration absorbing medium.

Further, a screw plug may be screwed to the vibration absorbing medium inlet opening on the outer surface of the slider, and the vibration absorbing medium previously filled in the closed space may be tightly sealed by tightening the screw stopper.

[Action]

According to the present invention, the vibration absorbing plate is arranged in the recess provided in the slider, and the fluid enclosed between the inner surface of the recess and the vibration absorbing plate is pressurized to bring the vibration absorbing plate against the facing surface of the guide rail. Press.
As a result, the movement in the slider movement direction is mainly controlled by the pressing frictional force similar to the conventional one using the mechanical spring.

In addition, the viscous resistance of the sealed vibration absorbing medium effectively damps vibration of the slider in the moving direction, the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction.

Also, by adjusting the flow resistance and pressure of the vibration absorbing medium by tightening the throttle or screw plug, the sliding resistance and vibration damping characteristics of the slider can be easily adjusted to a predetermined value including the state without resistance. be able to.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In each drawing, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, which includes a guide rail 1 extending in the axial direction and a slider 2 movably supported on the guide rail 1. Two ball rolling grooves 3 each having a semi-cylindrical cross section are formed on the left and right outer side surfaces of the guide rail 1 so as to be symmetrical to each other. The ball rolling grooves 3 are parallel to the axial direction. A cage groove 3a for accommodating the cage W is formed.

The slider 2 includes a slider body 2A and end caps 4 that close the front and rear ends thereof.
A is formed in a U shape by the upper surface plate portion 2a and the sleeve portions 2b hanging from both ends thereof. Then, on the inner surface of the sleeve portion 2b, at a position facing the ball rolling groove 3 of the guide rail 1,
A ball rolling groove 5 having a semicircular cross section is formed.

Guide rail 1 on top plate 2a of slider body 2A
A cylindrical recess 6 is formed on the inner surface facing the upper surface 1a. The recess 6 is provided with a shallow large-diameter cylindrical portion 6A having a diameter equal to the width dimension of the upper surface 1a of the guide rail 1 and a small-diameter cylindrical portion 6B vertically penetrating the upper surface of the upper surface plate portion 2a from its center. There is. Then, a through hole 7 is provided which laterally penetrates the upper surface plate portion 2a from the side surface of the cylinder portion 6B, and an internal thread is formed at the inlet of the through hole 7 to form a vibration absorbing medium inlet 8. The vibration absorbing medium inlet 8 is connected to a hydraulic pressure source 10 via a flexible hydraulic pipe 9. Further, a diaphragm 11 is press-fitted into the through hole 7 at an intermediate position between the cylinder portion 6B and the vibration absorbing medium inlet 8. A blind screw 12 is screwed into the upper opening of the cylinder portion 6B and is closed.

The recess 6 is provided with a vibration absorbing plate 13 that applies a pressing force to the opposing upper surface 1a of the guide rail 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the vibration absorbing plate 13 has a large diameter cylindrical portion 6A.
The disc portion 13A is fitted to the cylinder portion 6B and the plunger portion 13B is fitted to the cylinder portion 6B. The whole is integrally formed of lightweight plastics, but if necessary, the plunger part 13B is made of a metal such as steel, stainless steel, or aluminum, and the screw part 13C formed at the bottom of the plunger part 13B is circular. It may be screwed to the plate portion 13A. Further, another member having high wear resistance or the like may be bonded or integrally formed on the lower surface of the disk portion 13A, that is, the surface facing the upper surface 1a of the guide rail.

By the way, a large number of balls B are rotatably fitted between the ball rolling groove 3 of the guide rail and the ball rolling groove 5 of the slider body 2A facing the ball rolling groove 3. As the slider 2 moves axially on the guide rail 1, the ball B interposed between the guide rail 1 and the slider 2 moves in the opposite direction while rolling, and moves to the end of the slider body 2A of the slider 2. Therefore, in order to continuously move the slider 2 in the axial direction, it is necessary to circulate these balls B. Therefore, the ball return hole 20 penetrating in the axial direction is provided in the thick portion of the sleeve portion 2b of the slider body, and the ball return hole 2 is formed in the end cap 4 as shown in FIG.
0 and the opposing ball rolling groove 3 and the pressing ball rolling groove 5
A ball circulation path is configured by forming a semi-doughnut-shaped curved path 22 that communicates with the ball rolling path 21 configured by.

The end cap 4 has an upper surface 1 a of the guide rail 1.
Dust and dust accumulated in the ball rolling groove 3 and the ball B
Dust-proof seal 2 so as not to hinder the smooth rolling of the
3 is attached. Reference numeral 24 is an insertion hole for a mounting bolt for fixing the guide rail 1 to the machine base.

When the slider 2 is assembled to the guide rail 1, the vibration absorbing medium inlet 8 of the slider 2 and the hydraulic wiring 9 are separated from each other. At this time, the pressure in the recess 6 is atmospheric pressure, and since the friction resistance hardly acts between the vibration absorbing plate 13 and the upper surface 1a of the guide rail 1, the slider 2 can slide very lightly on the guide rail 1. It can be assembled easily. After assembling the slider 2 to the guide rail 1, the hydraulic pipe 9 is connected to the slider 2.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

When the slider 2 is moved in the axial direction of the guide rail 1, the ball rolling groove 3 of the guide rail and the ball rolling groove 5 of the slider are moved.
Ball B inserted in ball rolling path 21 composed of
Moves in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the slider 2, enters the curved path 22 of the end cap 4 guided by the retainer W at one end side, and makes a U-turn along the curved path 22 to make a ball return hole 2
0, and makes a U-turn again in the curved path 22 of the end cap 4 on the opposite side, and is guided by the cage W to guide the ball rolling path 21.
To move and circulate. This allows the slider 2 to move very lightly.

In this state, the hydraulic power source 10 is operated, and the hydraulic oil as the vibration absorbing medium Y is fed to the cylinder portion 6B of the recess 6 from the vibration absorbing medium inlet 8 through the throttle 11 through the hydraulic pipe 9, and the pressure is the vibration absorbing plate. Loaded on the end face of the plunger portion 13B of 13,
The disc portion 13A is brought into pressure contact with the upper surface 1a of the guide rail, which causes frictional resistance.

While the slider 2 is moving, the set pressure is adjusted by a pressure adjusting valve (not shown) attached to the hydraulic power source 10, and the cylinder portion 6
If the hydraulic pressure in B is set to about atmospheric pressure, the slider 2 can be moved with relatively small frictional resistance.
By setting the hydraulic pressure to be large at the time of stop, the frictional resistance can be increased and the slider 2 can act as a brake. Even when an oscillating force including vertical movement, rolling, pitching, etc. is generated while the slider 2 is moving or stopped, it is absorbed by the viscous resistance of the vibration absorbing medium Y and the flow resistance at the throttle 11 to effectively damp the vibration. Let The linear guide device is a rolling guide and has an advantage that the frictional force is originally small, but has a drawback that it is more likely to transmit vibration from the outside, that is, has a smaller damping property than the sliding guide. On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, by virtue of the vibration absorbing plate 13 and the vibration absorbing medium Y, high damping properties can be obtained while taking advantage of the advantages of the rolling guide.

It should be noted that the hydraulic oil filled in the cylinder portion 6B of the recess 6 is allowed to flow slightly through the fitting gap of the friction resistance between the inner surface of the recess 6 and the vibration absorbing plate 13 to the inner surface side of the sleeve portion 2b of the slider. , Ball B of linear guide device, ball rolling grooves 3, 5
It is also possible to more reliably perform lubrication for.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the hydraulic oil is applied as the vibration absorbing medium Y, but air or other gas may be applied instead of this. In that case, there is no risk of contaminating the device due to oil leaks like hydraulic oil. Further, by keeping the pressure inside the slider 2 higher than the outside, there is an advantage that dust can be prevented from entering.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the detachable plunger portion 13B of the vibration absorbing plate 13 is provided with a drop-out preventing projection 13D at the head end, and the recess 6 of the slider 2 is correspondingly provided. With a slightly smaller diameter between the large-diameter cylindrical portion 6A and the cylinder portion 6B, a locking step portion 6C of the drop-out preventing projection 13D is formed.

According to this embodiment, even if the slider 2 is removed from the guide rail 1, the vibration absorbing plate 13 does not drop from the recess 6 of the slider 2.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, fluid plastics is used as the vibration absorbing medium Y, and the fluid plastics is provided in the recess 6
It is a sealed type that is enclosed in the cylinder portion 6B. A large damping performance can be obtained by utilizing the high viscosity. After the fluid plastics is filled into the cylinder portion 6B of the recess 6 and the through hole 7, the female screw 8a of the vibration absorbing medium feeding port 8 is screwed and hermetically sealed.
It is possible to adjust the pressure of the fluid plastics by adjusting the tightening of the screw plug 30. That is, the screw plug 30 is used as a sealing means and a pressure adjusting means.
According to this embodiment, since the hydraulic pipe 9 and the hydraulic power source 10 are unnecessary, the equipment is simple and the maintenance is easy.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 9 uses a type in which the vibration absorbing medium Y in the one shown in FIG. 8 is replaced with hydraulic oil, and the vibration absorbing plate 13 has a fall prevention projection 13D shown in FIG. In this case, since the viscosity of the vibration absorbing medium Y is lower than that of the fluid plastics, the hydraulic oil sealed in the cylinder portion 6B may leak to the large diameter cylindrical portion 6A side, and if this is left unattended, the oil amount decreases. Finally, even if the screw plug 30 is fully tightened, the pressure of the hydraulic oil may not be increased. To prevent such a phenomenon. An O-ring 31 is attached to the plunger portion 13B of the vibration absorbing plate 13 to block leakage of hydraulic oil from the cylinder portion 6B to the large diameter cylindrical portion 6A. The O-ring 31 can also be expected to have a vibration damping function due to its nonlinear spring effect.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the through hole 7 intersecting with the cylinder portion 6B of the recess 6 is not provided, and the cylinder portion 6B is filled with the vibration absorbing medium Y by removing the blind screw 12. As the vibration absorbing medium Y, air, hydraulic oil, or the like is sealed by tightening the blind screw 12. Leakage of the sealed vibration absorbing medium Y is O
It is prevented by rings 32, 33 and 31.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, an O-ring groove 34 is provided between the large-diameter cylindrical portion 6A and the cylinder portion 6B of the slider 2, and an O-ring 35 attached to the O-ring groove 34 seals the plunger portion 13B of the vibration absorbing plate 13. Has been done. Furthermore, an O-ring groove 36 is provided near the outer periphery of the upper surface of the disk portion 13A of the vibration absorbing plate 13, and an O-ring 37 is attached to this. As a result, the space formed between the ceiling flat surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 6A and the facing surface of the disk portion 13A becomes a completely sealed space 40, and the atmosphere as the vibration absorbing medium Y is enclosed therein. . The pressure in the sealed space 40 sharply rises due to the vibration displacement of the vibration absorbing plate 13 and suppresses the displacement, which is advantageous in that the vibration damping effect is large.

In each of the above embodiments, the upper surface 1 of the guide rail 1
The case where the vibration absorbing plate 13 is provided on the inner surface side of the upper surface plate portion 2a of the slider 2 so as to face the a has been described, but the invention is not limited to this.
That is, if the vibration absorbing plates 13 are provided at the symmetrical positions of the sleeves 2b, 2b of the slider so as to face the left and right side surfaces of the guide rail 1, the pressure of the vibration absorbing medium Y is increased and the slider 2 is attached. When locking a table, etc., the table etc. will not rise.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the case where only one vibration absorbing plate 13 is provided at the substantially central position of the slider 2 has been described, but a plurality of vibration absorbing plates 13 may be provided at intervals in the axial direction. The pitching of the slider 2 can be prevented more effectively.

Further, as the vibration absorbing medium, a gas other than air or a liquid having a low viscosity such as water can be used.

Further, the rolling elements are not limited to balls, and rolling elements such as rollers can be applied.

[Effect of device]

As described above, according to the present invention, a recess is provided on the surface of the slider facing the guide rail, and a vibration absorbing plate that applies a pressing force to the surface facing the guide rail is provided in the recess.
In a closed space formed between the vibration absorbing plate and the inner surface of the recess, a vibration absorbing medium made of gas, liquid, or fluid plastics having a higher damping function than a mechanical spring is sealed to form a fluid spring. did. Therefore, not only the vibration in the moving direction of the slider but also the vibration in the vertical and horizontal directions of the slider can be effectively damped.

Furthermore, it is easy to adjust the pressure of the vibration absorbing medium, and the sliding resistance is reduced when returning the table without processing, thus preventing the loss of drive energy and reducing the load applied to the feed screw etc. during rapid feed. The effect is that the life of the machine can be extended.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a lateral cross-sectional view of the main part, FIG. 2 is a side view in which the main part is longitudinally cross-sectioned, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the vibration absorbing plate, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of another example of the vibration absorbing plate, FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of yet another example of the absorbing plate, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an essential part of an embodiment to which the vibration-absorbing plate shown in FIG. 8 is applied, and FIG. 8 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an essential part of an embodiment using fluid plastics as a vibration-absorbing medium. And FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a main portion of still another embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a guide rail, 2 is a slider, 3 and 5 are rolling element rolling grooves, B is a rolling element, 6 is a recess, 8 is a vibration absorbing medium inlet, 11
Is a diaphragm, 13 is a vibration absorbing plate, 13B is a plunger portion, 30 is a screw plug, and 31, 32, 33, 35 and 37 are O-rings.

Claims (10)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A guide rail extending on both sides with axial rolling element rolling grooves, and a guide rail movably fitted on the guide rail and facing the rolling element rolling grooves of the guide rail. A guide rail of the slider, comprising a slider having rolling element rolling grooves on its inner surface, and a large number of rolling elements that are rotatably inserted in the opposing rolling element rolling grooves. And a vibration absorbing plate for applying a pressing force to the facing surface of the guide rail is arranged in the recess, and is formed between the vibration absorbing plate and the inner surface of the recess. A linear guide device characterized in that a vibration absorbing medium is sealed in a closed space. 2. The linear guide device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing medium is gas. 3. The linear guide device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing medium is a liquid. 4. The linear guide device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing medium is a fluid plastic. 5. The vibration absorbing plate comprises a plunger.
The described linear guide device. 6. The linear guide device according to claim 5, wherein the plunger is detachably formed. 7. The linear guide device according to claim 6, wherein the plunger is provided with a drop-out preventing projection. 8. The linear guide device according to claim 1, wherein a diaphragm is provided at the back of the vibration absorbing medium inlet opening to the outer surface of the slider. 9. A screw plug is screwed into a vibration absorbing medium inlet opening on the outer surface of the slider, and the vibration absorbing medium previously filled in the closed space is tightly sealed by tightening the screw stopper. Item 1. The linear guide device according to item 1. 10. The linear guide device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing medium filled in the recess is sealed via a seal member.