JPH06185406A - Cylinder oil injection system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a cylinder oil injection system by which a strong lubricating film can be formed when sliding condition of a cylinder liner to a piston ring is most strict so as to extremely decrease abrasion between the cylinder liner and the piston ring. CONSTITUTION:In the case of an internal combustion engine in which lublicating oil is injected to the sliding surfaces of a piston ring 1 and a cylinder liner, the piston ring having a gas tight type abutment 5 is provided with a cylinder oil residence chamber 3 inside of the piston ring, notches 2 formed by cutting the wall of cylinder oil stagnating chamber on the upper face of a piston ring, connecting holes 4 connected to the piston ring sliding surface from the cylinder oil stagnating chamber, a groove 6 in the peripheral direction connected to the communication, holes provided on the sliding surface of the piston ring, and a check valve and an accumulator provided in a cylinder oil injection oil passage.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cylinder oil lubrication system applied to a piston ring of a reciprocating internal combustion engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a reciprocating internal combustion engine, especially a two-cycle internal combustion engine, cylinder oil is directly injected into the cylinder liner from outside the engine for sliding lubrication between a piston ring and a cylinder liner. In the cylinder of the engine, the cylinder oil supplied from the cylinder oil hole that is opened to the inner surface of the cylinder is spread over the entire surface of the cylinder liner by the reciprocating piston ring, forming an oil film on the sliding surface of the cylinder liner. Prevents wear of the liner and piston ring.

The condition of cylinder oil lubrication (hereinafter referred to as cylinder lubrication) to the cylinder liner is the most important factor in determining the sliding lubrication condition between the cylinder liner and the piston ring in the case of a two-cycle internal combustion engine, but is particularly large. In the above two-cycle diesel engine, with the demand for the extension of the engine overhaul interval, how to suppress the wear of the cylinder liner and the piston ring, which is the most serious problem, has become a major issue. Therefore, various methods have been tried such as changing the position of cylinder lubrication, optimizing the number of lubrication points, and temporarily increasing the amount of lubrication. However, as the output rate and load rate of the engine itself have increased, the cylinder liner and piston ring lubrication conditions have become more severe, making it difficult to maintain a good lubrication condition for the cylinder liner and piston ring with the current cylinder lubrication system. There is. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a cylinder oil lubrication system capable of forming a strong lubricating film at the time when the sliding condition of the cylinder liner is the most severe and capable of significantly reducing the wear of the cylinder liner and the piston ring. That is.

[0004]

The cylinder oil lubrication system of the first invention has a high pressure tightness in a reciprocating internal combustion engine that supplies lubricating oil for sliding lubrication to the sliding surfaces of a piston ring and a cylinder liner. A cylinder oil retention chamber provided on the inner surface side of the piston ring having a gas-tight abutment shape, notches provided at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring upper surface, the cylinder oil retention chamber and the piston ring slide It is characterized by having a communication hole communicating with the moving surface. A cylinder oil lubrication system of a second invention is a reciprocating internal combustion engine which supplies lubricating oil for sliding lubrication to sliding surfaces of a piston ring and a cylinder liner, and a piston ring having a gas-tight abutment with high pressure tightness. Cylinder oil retention chamber provided on the inner surface side of the cylinder, notches provided at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the upper surface, a communication hole that communicates with the cylinder oil retention chamber and the piston ring sliding surface, and the communication hole And a groove formed by cutting a predetermined length in the circumferential direction on the sliding surface of the piston ring.

A cylinder oil lubrication system according to a third aspect of the present invention is an internal combustion engine which supplies lubricating oil for sliding lubrication to the sliding surfaces of a piston ring and a cylinder liner, and has a gas seal type abutment shape with high pressure tightness. With a piston ring,
A cylinder oil retention chamber provided on the inner surface side of the piston ring, notches provided at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring upper surface, and a communication hole communicating the cylinder oil retention chamber and the piston ring sliding surface And a check valve provided in the pipeline for supplying the lubricating oil and opened only to the cylinder side, and an accumulator provided on the closing side of the check valve.

[0006]

[Function] The cylinder oil sent from an oiling device (not shown) and injected into the cylinder liner through the oiling hole of the cylinder liner partially enters between the piston ring and the cylinder liner when the piston moves up, but forms a lubricating oil film. Most of the cylinder oil is lifted up by the piston ring. The lifted cylinder oil is supplied to the cylinder oil retention chamber on the inner surface side of the piston ring by means of a plurality of cutouts on the inner peripheral side of the upper surface of the piston ring. During the upward stroke of the piston, the piston ring is pressed against the lower surface of the piston ring groove by the inertia of the piston ring itself and the friction between the piston ring and the cylinder liner. Therefore, the cylinder oil remains in the cylinder oil retention chamber without flowing down below the piston ring. As the cylinder pressure rises as the piston rises, the piston ring backside pressure also rises, and this pressure forces the cylinder oil to be forced into the cylinder oil retention chamber,
Cylinder oil is pressed against the cylinder liner through the communication hole that communicates with the sliding surface of the piston ring.

Combustion starts in the cylinder after the piston reaches the top dead center, but at this time, the pressure in the cylinder and the back surface of the piston ring become the highest. Moreover, the piston starts descending after passing through the top dead center. At this time, the cylinder oil in the cylinder oil accumulating chamber on the rear surface of the piston ring is pushed by the pressure inside the cylinder liner and the piston ring at a pressure corresponding to the cylinder pressure by the communication hole communicating with the piston ring sliding surface. The piston ring remains pressed against the lower surface of the piston ring groove by the cylinder pressure. Since the communication hole is located below the piston ring, the cylinder oil supplied with high pressure as the piston descends forms a strong lubricating oil film between the piston ring and the cylinder liner. The supplied cylinder oil is stored in the accumulator, and when the in-cylinder pressure is lower than the pressure in the accumulator, the cylinder oil in the accumulator is supplied into the cylinder liner through the check valve. When the cylinder internal pressure is higher than the accumulator internal pressure, the check valve closes to stop the cylinder internal pressure from being transmitted to the accumulator side.

[0008]

EXAMPLE A first example will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 is a diagram of a piston ring of the first embodiment, FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of the piston ring of the first embodiment, and FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1 (a). FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the cylinder oil lubrication system of the first embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a piston ring, and 5 is a gas tight type abutment. Reference numeral 3 denotes a cylinder oil retaining chamber which is a groove provided all around the inside of the piston ring. Two notches are provided on the groove wall on the upper side of the cylinder oil retention chamber on the inner peripheral side of the piston ring 1. 4 is a communication hole, and the cylinder oil retention chamber 3
Is a hole communicating with the outer surface of the piston ring 1 in the radial direction along the lower surface thereof.

Reference numeral 103 is a cylinder liner, 101 is a piston, and 105 is a combustion chamber, which is a known element of an internal combustion engine. 1
Reference numeral 02 denotes a piston ring groove provided on the piston 101 and fitted with the piston ring 1. 110 is cylinder oil sent from an unillustrated lubricator. A check valve 106 is provided in the oil passage of the cylinder oil and opens only to the cylinder side. An accumulator 107 is provided in the oil passage of each cylinder oil on the closing side of the check valve 106. Next, the configuration of the second embodiment is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. 2 is a diagram of a piston ring of the second embodiment, FIG. 2 (a) is a perspective view of the piston ring of the second embodiment, and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2 (a). FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the first embodiment, but since it is almost the same, it is used as the block diagram of the second embodiment. In the figure, reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 101, 102, 1
Since 06, 107, and 110 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. Reference numeral 6 denotes a groove which is provided on the outer surface of the piston ring 1 through the communication hole 4 and is provided in the circumferential direction with a constant length.

The operation of the first and second embodiments will be described together with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 shows the first and second
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment when the piston is raised, and FIG.
2 to 3 are explanatory views of the operation of the second embodiment when the piston descends at the initial stage of explosion. Cylinder oil 1 sent from a lubricator (not shown)
10 is stored in the accumulator 107. Combustion chamber 10
When the pressure of 5 becomes lower than the pressure of the accumulator 107, the cylinder oil 110 of the accumulator 107 pushes open the check valve 106 set to a very weak pressure and is supplied to the inner surface of the cylinder liner 103. When the piston 101 is in the ascending stroke, the piston ring 1 is caused by its own inertial force and frictional force with the cylinder liner 103.
It is pressed against the lower surface of 02. Normally, the piston ring groove is made slightly wider than the piston ring height to prevent seizure with the piston ring. Therefore, a slight gap is created on the upper surface of the piston ring during the piston rising process. After the cylinder oil 110 is supplied into the combustion chamber 105, the cylinder oil 110 passes through the inner surface of the cylinder liner 103 and flows downward, but a part of the cylinder oil 110 becomes a lubricating oil film with respect to the piston ring 1 of the ascending piston 101, and the cylinder liner 103 slides. Enter between the faces. However, most of the cylinder oil is lifted above the cylinder liner 103 by the piston ring 1. The lifted cylinder oil is forcibly forced from the notch 2 on the upper surface of the piston ring 1 into the piston ring groove 102 and the cylinder oil retention chamber 3 on the rear surface of the piston ring due to the compression pressure in the combustion chamber 105 that rises as the piston 101 rises. At the same time as it is fed, it is pressed against the sliding surface of the cylinder liner 103 by the communication hole 4 in the piston ring 1. The groove 6 is filled with cylinder oil to make the pressure uniform in the circumferential direction. The groove 6 does not work in the first embodiment.

After that, when the piston 101 reaches the top dead center and enters the descending stroke, a high combustion pressure is generated in the combustion chamber 105 due to combustion. At this time, the piston ring 1 remains pressed against the lower surface of the piston ring groove 102 by the combustion pressure. Therefore, the cylinder oil supplied to the cylinder oil retention chamber 3 on the back surface of the piston ring 1 receives the combustion pressure and is supplied from the communication hole 4 of the piston ring 1 to the sliding surface of the cylinder liner 103 and the piston ring 1 at a high pressure. It The groove 6 makes the cylinder oil uniform in the circumferential direction. Generally, the lubrication of the cylinder liner becomes the most severe state during the combustion stroke after the top dead center of the piston, and the wear of the cylinder liner also tends to be the largest at the position of the piston ring near the combustion stroke. The present invention is a very effective means for solving this problem. In the first and second embodiments, the lubrication system for the combustion chamber is the accumulator system, but the lubrication system is not limited to this.

[0012]

【The invention's effect】

(1) Cylinder oil can be effectively supplied to the piston ring sliding surface according to the pressure in the combustion chamber, especially during the combustion stroke, so that a strong lubricating oil film can be formed at the most severe sliding lubrication conditions with the cylinder liner. Since the amount of wear of the cylinder liner and the piston ring can be significantly reduced, it is possible to lengthen the engine overhaul interval. (2) Since cylinder lubrication can be effectively performed, the amount of lubrication can be reduced and the running cost can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the present invention can provide a cylinder oil lubrication system capable of forming a strong lubricating oil film at a time when the sliding condition of the cylinder liner is the most severe and significantly reducing wear of the cylinder liner and the piston ring.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a piston ring according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a piston ring according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a cylinder oil lubrication system according to first and second embodiments.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view of the first and second embodiments.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the operation of the first and second embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a conventional piston ring.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Piston ring, 2 ... Notch, 3 ... Cylinder oil retention chamber, 4 ... Communication hole, 5 ... Gas-tight type abutment. 6 ... grooves, 10
3 ... Cylinder liner, 106 ... Check valve, 7 ... Accumulator.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A reciprocating internal combustion engine for supplying a lubricating oil for sliding lubrication to sliding surfaces of a piston ring and a cylinder liner, wherein the piston ring has a gas-tight abutment shape (5) with high pressure tightness ( The cylinder oil retention chamber (3) provided on the inner surface side of 1), the notches (2) provided at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring upper surface, the cylinder oil retention chamber, and the piston ring slide A cylinder oil lubrication system having a communication hole (4) communicating with a moving surface. 2. A reciprocating internal combustion engine for supplying lubricating oil for sliding lubrication to sliding surfaces of a piston ring and a cylinder liner, the piston ring having a gas-tight abutment shape (5) having high pressure tightness ( Cylinder oil retention chamber (3) provided on the inner surface side of 1), notches (2) provided at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring upper surface, and the cylinder oil retention chamber and piston ring sliding A cylinder oil lubrication system, comprising: a communication hole (4) passing through the surface; and a groove communicating with the communication hole and cut on the sliding surface of the piston ring by a predetermined length in the circumferential direction. 3. A reciprocating internal combustion engine for supplying a lubricating oil for sliding lubrication to sliding surfaces of a piston ring and a cylinder liner, the piston ring having a gas seal type abutment shape (5) having a high pressure tightness. A cylinder oil retention chamber (3) provided on the inner surface side of (1), notches (2) provided at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring upper surface, the cylinder oil retention chamber and the piston ring slide It has a communication hole (4) passing through the moving surface, a check valve provided in the pipeline for supplying the lubricating oil and opened only to the cylinder side, and an accumulator provided on the closing side of the check valve. Cylinder oil lubrication system characterized by