JPH06126269A - Treatment of waste and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the method and device for treating waste by crushing the waste, such as municipal refuse, by means of a crushing machine, then uniformly mixing additives mainly consisting of oxides of alkaline earth metals, etc., with the crushed water and rationally subjecting the waste to a physicochemical reaction treatment. CONSTITUTION:The waste G, such as municipal refuse, is crushed by the first crushing machine 5 of a hydraulic driving type. This crushed first waste G1 is supplied to a hopper 7 having an opening/closing port in the bottom and the weight of the first waste G1 supplied to this hopper 7 is successively detected by a weight sensor 21. The additives mainly consisting of the oxides of the alkaline earth metals, etc., are added at a desired and specified ratio to the waste G every time when the detected weight attains a desired weight. The second waste G2 is intermittently supplied to a feeder 9 with a mixer from the opening/closing port 25 of the hopper 7 when the weight of the second waste G2 added with the additives in the hopper 7 attains the preset weight. The waste is then supplied to a second crushing machine. The second waste is pulverized and the reaction of the additives is accelerated by this second crushing machine.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is intended to recycle waste such as municipal solid waste by reasonably adding physical additives such as alkaline earth metal oxides to crushed waste. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waste treatment method and a device for the chemical reaction treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to reuse waste such as municipal waste, it is reasonably physicochemical to add alkaline earth metal oxides to the crushed waste depending on the characteristics of the waste. After performing the reaction treatment, it is dried and solidified to a solid,
For example, use as a fuel is known as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-210284 filed by the present applicant.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, since wastes such as municipal wastes are mixed with various kinds of wastes, the quality of the wastes varies with time or from lot to lot. There is. That is, the above-mentioned waste has physical, shape, property, and composition changes, and it is difficult to quantitatively feed and take out, so-called dust cutting. Since it is difficult to cut out the dust as described above, it has been difficult to uniformly mix an additive such as an alkaline earth metal oxide with the dust.

[0004] For example, before crushing waste such as municipal waste with a crusher, a method of adding the above-mentioned additives and mixing is carried out. However, as described above, the waste quality of waste is temporal or lot-based. Since it changes every time, the additive cannot be mixed uniformly.

There is also a method in which, after crushing with a crusher, the crushed waste is placed on a belt conveyor and supplied to the next hopper, and the additive is added in this hopper. In this method, However, since it is difficult to detect a certain amount of waste on the belt conveyor with a weight sensor, it was not possible to uniformly mix the waste with the additive.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to crush wastes such as municipal waste with a crusher, and then add additives mainly consisting of alkaline earth metal oxides to the crushed wastes. The present invention provides a waste treatment and a device for treating the physicochemical reaction treatment reasonably by uniformly mixing.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention crushes waste such as municipal waste with a hydraulically driven first crusher, and crushes the crushed first waste to the bottom. The weight of the first waste fed to the hopper is detected with a weight sensor, and the weight of the first waste is fed continuously to the hopper. When the weight of the second waste added with the additive in the hopper reaches a preset weight, the second waste is mixed from the opening / closing port of the hopper. Disposal of a waste characterized by intermittently supplying it to an attached feeder, then supplying it to a second crusher, and pulverizing the second waste with this second crusher and accelerating the reaction of additives. Is the way.

In the waste treatment method, when the hydraulically driven first shredder is temporarily stopped and then restarted, it is desirable that the hydraulically driven first shredder be rotated in the reverse direction to return to the initial driving state and driven. .

The present invention also relates to a first hydraulically driven crusher for crushing waste such as municipal waste, and the first crusher.
Hopper having an opening / closing port at the bottom to which the first waste crushed by the crusher is supplied, a weight sensor provided in the hopper for detecting the weight of the supplied first waste, and this weight An additive supply provided in a part of the hopper in order to continuously add an additive mainly consisting of an alkaline earth metal oxide at a desired ratio based on the weight of the first waste detected by the sensor. A mixing feeder provided below the hopper, which is provided with a mouth, the second waste added with the additive in the hopper through an opening / closing opening of the hopper, and a mixing feeder provided in the vicinity of the mixing feeder. The second waste pulverizer, which finely pulverizes the second waste mixed with the attached feeder and accelerates the reaction of the additive, was provided with a waste treatment apparatus.

[0010]

By adopting the waste treatment method and apparatus of the present invention, waste such as municipal waste is thrown into the hydraulically driven first crusher and crushed. The crushed first waste is supplied to the hopper, and the weight sensor provided in the hopper detects the weight of the first waste one by one. Based on the detected weight of the first waste, an additive mainly consisting of an alkaline earth metal oxide or the like is continuously supplied to the hopper at a constant rate from an additive supply port provided in a part of the hopper. It is supplied to and mixed with.

When the second waste fed into the hopper and mixed with the additive reaches a preset weight, an opening / closing port provided at the bottom of the hopper opens and a mixing device provided below the hopper is opened. The second waste and the additive are physicochemically reacted with each other intermittently sent to the attached feeder, and are temporarily stored. Then, the second feeder is sent from the feeder with mixing to the second crusher to finely pulverize the second waste, and the reaction of the additive is promoted to obtain uniformly mixed fine powder waste.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, a waste treatment apparatus 1
Includes a waste input device 3 for temporarily storing waste G such as municipal waste, a first crusher 5 for inputting the waste G from the waste input device 3 and crushing the waste G, and the first crusher 5. A hopper 7 for supplying the first waste G1 crushed by the crusher 5 and an additive mainly consisting of an alkaline earth metal oxide, which will be described later, are added and mixed in the hopper 7 to react physically and chemically. A second feeder G2 that has been mixed, and a feeder 9 with a mixture that sends the second waste G2 while mixing the second waste G2.
It is composed of a second crusher 11 and the like which is sent from the feeder 9 with mixing and finely pulverizes the second waste G2.

More specifically, in FIG. 1, a two-stage type frame 15 is provided on the left side of the floor surface 13. The dust throwing device 3 is provided on the horizontal portion 15H of the frame 15. A hopper 17 is connected to the left side of the dust input device 3.

With the above structure, for example, waste G such as dust removed from a general household or an office includes combustible substances such as paper, cardboard and fibers, iron, aluminum, glass,
It is composed of incombustible materials such as stones and water contained therein, and is carried by, for example, a truck, a truck such as a trucker, etc., and is thrown into the hopper 17, so that the dust throwing device 3 is temporarily turned on. Will be stored in.

A first crusher 5 is provided on the upper right side of the frame 15 in FIG. This first crusher 5
Is composed of biaxial or triaxial rotary tear blades having different rotational speeds driven by hydraulic pressure. A desired amount of waste G is thrown into the first crusher 5 from the dust throwing device 3, so that the waste G is gripped by the rotary tear blade,
Tear, break through to a strong object, slowly tear, and roughly crush.

The first crusher 5 is driven by a hydraulic drive system, and by using a variable discharge axial piston pump, it is operated at high speed and low torque under normal load and at low speed and high torque under increased load. Since the shaft rotation speed can be varied according to the need of the load, it is possible to control the crushing load in an optimal state at all times.

A hopper 7 is provided below the first crusher 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the hopper 7 is provided with a weight sensor 21 such as a load cell on a support frame 19 attached to a part 15A of the frame 15. The hopper 7 is placed on the weight sensor 21.
Are suspended in a suspended state via a frame 23.

An opening / closing opening 25 is provided on the bottom of the hopper 7, and the opening / closing opening 25 is, for example, a double door. Further, an additive supply port 27 is provided in a part of the hopper 7, for example, in the upper part.

In the vicinity of the first crusher 3 on the right side in FIG. 2, an additive supply device 29 for supplying an additive mainly composed of an alkaline earth metal oxide such as CaO is provided. Below the additive supply device 29, a temporary additive hopper 31 for measuring a fixed amount of the additive and temporarily storing it is provided.

A screw conveyor 33 is provided below the temporary additive hopper 31, and an additive passage 35 is provided between the screw conveyor 33 and the additive supply port 27.

With the above structure, the first waste G1 crushed by the first crusher 5 is supplied to the hopper 7, and the additive contained in the additive supply device 29 is previously stored in the temporary additive hopper 31. A certain amount of the set amount is supplied, and the weight of the additive is measured by a weight sensor such as a load cell provided in the temporary additive hopper 31, placed on the screw conveyor 33, and the additive supply port via the additive passage 35. It is supplied from 27 to the hopper 7.

In the hopper 7, the additive is added to the first waste G1 at a preset ratio. By the addition of this additive, the first waste G1 and the additive reasonably undergo a physicochemical reaction.

The weight of the first waste G1 supplied to the hopper 7 is detected one by one by the weight sensor 21 provided in the hopper 7, and the weight of the first waste G1 is continuously determined based on the detected weight. The additive is supplied from the additive supply port 27 each time and added to the first waste G1.

Below the hopper 7, the feeder with mixing 9 is provided, and below the feeder with mixing 9, a magnetic separator 39 having a magnet 37 is provided. A belt conveyor 41 is provided between the magnetic separator 39 and the second crusher 11 erected on the floor surface 13.

With the above-mentioned structure, an additive is added to the first waste G1 in the hopper 7 and the second physicochemical treatment is performed.
When reaching a preset weight, the waste G2 is sent to the mixing feeder 9 by opening the opening / closing port 25 provided at the bottom of the hopper 7 after adding a shortage of the additive to the weight. . In the feeder with mixing 9, the second waste G2 is mixed so as to be mixed uniformly, and the physicochemical reaction is further promoted.

The second waste G2 in the mixing feeder 9 is
It is sent out to the magnetic separator 39 by a pair of feed rollers 9R provided below the feeder 9 with mixing. In the magnetic separator 39, the metals such as iron and non-ferrous contained in the second waste G2 are attracted and removed by the magnet 37, and harmful dangerous substances are removed.

Next, the second waste G2 from which the metal and harmful hazardous substances have been removed by the magnetic separator 39 is placed on the belt conveyor 41 and sent to the second crusher 11. The second crusher 11 finely pulverizes the second waste G2 and further promotes the physicochemical reaction to uniformly mix the fine powdery waste, and the reaction device, the molding machine, and the dry machine in the next step. It will be sent to the thermal solidifier to obtain solids from the waste.

In this way, the waste G such as municipal waste is crushed by the first crusher 5, and then sent to the hopper 7, and the weight of the first waste G1 sent in the hopper 7 is measured by the weight sensor. Detected at 21. Based on the detected weight of the first waste G1, the physicochemical reaction of the waste G1 is continuously and sequentially added with an additive according to the weight of the first waste G1. Further, when the weight of the waste G1 reaches a preset weight, it is determined whether or not a predetermined fixed ratio of the additive to the weight of the waste G1 is insufficient, and if the additive is insufficient, the shortage is determined. Add the additive.

Next, the opening / closing port 25 is opened and sent to the feeder with mixing 9 for mixing processing. Further, it is sent to the second crusher 11 via the belt conveyor 41 and finely crushed. In the mixing feeder 9 and the second crusher 11, the physicochemical reaction is further promoted, and the fine powdery wastes can be mixed uniformly.

Second stored in the feeder with mixing 9
The amount of waste G2 is equal to the amount of the first waste G in the hopper 7.
For example, it is desirable that the amount of 1 is twice or more. That is, it is for further promoting the mixing and the reaction.

When the rotary tear blade of the first crusher 5 is temporarily stopped and then re-driven, it is desirable that the rotary tear blade is slightly rotated in the reverse direction to return to the initial driving state and driven.
That is, the waste is not initially driven in a state of being bitten by the rotary tear blade, and the rotation of the rotary tear blade becomes uniform and can be smoothly driven. Then, hopper 7
When the weight of the waste G1 supplied to the device reaches a preset weight, the first crusher 5 is temporarily stopped, and then the rotary tear blade is operated without biting the waste at the time of restarting.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be implemented in other modes by making appropriate changes. As an additive, C
Although an alkaline earth metal oxide such as aO has been described as an example, a clay mineral such as bentonite or pulverized coal having adsorptivity may be added in addition to the alkaline earth metal oxide.

[0034]

As will be understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, since the structure is as described in the claims, waste such as municipal waste is crushed. , The amount of this crushed waste was detected with a weight sensor in the hopper, and the crushed product was crushed by successively adding an additive such as an alkaline earth metal oxide based on the detected weight. The waste material undergoes a physicochemical reaction, and further passes through the mixing feeder and the second crusher, whereby a uniformly mixed fine powder waste material can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing only a first crusher and a hopper portion in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Waste Disposal Device 3 Waste Disposal Device 5 1st Crusher 7 Hopper 9 Mixer Feeder 11 2nd Crusher 21 Weight Sensor 25 Open / Close Port 27 Additive Supply Port 29 Additive Supply Device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Waste such as municipal waste is crushed by a hydraulically driven first crusher, and the crushed first waste is supplied to a hopper having an opening and closing port at the bottom and is also supplied to the hopper. The weight of the first waste is detected by a weight sensor one by one, and based on the detected weight, an additive mainly consisting of an alkaline earth metal oxide or the like is continuously added at a desired fixed ratio, and When the weight of the second waste to which the additive has been added reaches a preset weight, the second waste is intermittently supplied to the mixing feeder from the opening / closing opening of the hopper, and then to the second crusher. Then, the second waste is finely pulverized by the second crusher and the reaction of the additive is promoted, which is a method for treating the waste. 2. The waste product according to claim 1, wherein when the hydraulically driven first crusher is temporarily stopped and then re-driven, the hydraulically driven first crusher is reversely rotated to return to an initial driving state and driven. Processing method. 3. A hydraulically driven first crusher for crushing waste such as municipal waste, and an opening / closing port at the bottom to which the first waste crushed by the first crusher is supplied. Hopper, a weight sensor provided in the hopper for detecting the weight of the supplied first waste, and a continuous main alkaline earth metal based on the weight of the first waste detected by the weight sensor. In order to add an additive such as an oxide in a desired ratio, an additive supply port provided in a part of the hopper and a second waste to which the additive is added in the hopper are opened and closed in the hopper. And a feeder with mixing provided below the hopper and provided in the vicinity of the feeder with mixing, which finely pulverizes the second waste mixed by the feeder with mixing and promotes the reaction of additives. The second
A waste treatment device comprising: a crusher.