JPH058106A - Holder device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a holder device in which center runout of an adapter is prevented and centering accuracy is improved. [Structure] A plurality of steel balls 32 as rolling elements are provided between an outer circumference of an adapter 12 and an inner circumference of a holder body 10, and a retainer 16 for holding the steel balls 32 is provided, and an outer peripheral surface of the adapter. Includes a U-groove 42 that accommodates the steel ball 32 when the adapter is inserted or withdrawn, and an inner circumference of the holder main body and an outer circumference of the adapter when the adapter is rotated with respect to the holder main body. V formed with a taper 44 that presses and holds the steel ball 32 between
A groove 46 is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a holder device for holding and fixing an adapter on which tools such as a drill, a reamer and a tap are mounted.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a holder device comprises an adapter to which a member to be held such as a tool is attached and a holder body for holding the adapter, and the tool can be fixed to the holder body by inserting the adapter into the holder body. It is like this.

In the conventional holder device, there are a holder shank and a taper shank which are inserted into the holder main body of the adapter depending on the usage situation. The shank is formed to have a smaller diameter than the shaft hole of the holder body so that the adapter can be inserted into and removed from the holder body.Therefore, some play is generated in the radial direction between the adapter and the holder body. It was However, due to the demand for high precision in machining in recent years, it has been attempted to suppress the above-mentioned backlash, and to engage the shaft hole opening of the holder main body with the adapter near the tip facing this with a tapered surface. ing.

In the conventional holder device, the tapered surface of the holder main body and the tapered surface of the adapter are in close contact with each other, so that the holder main body supports the adapter and centers it.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned conventional holder device, the adapter is only centered on the holder body at the taper surface near the tip, and the straight shank of the adapter and the shaft hole of the holder body are provided. During the machining, the straight shank of the adapter oscillates around this tapered surface as a fulcrum during processing, and as a result, runout may occur. Therefore, even if a tool such as a drill or a reamer or a collet at the tip of the adapter has a high accuracy, there is a problem that the accuracy of processing a hole is significantly reduced.

Therefore, in order to solve such a conventional problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a holder device which prevents center deviation of an adapter and improves centering accuracy.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a holder main body and an adapter which is inserted into the holder main body and on which a held member is mounted. In the holder device for supporting the adapter with a tapered surface, the portion is provided with a plurality of rolling elements between the outer circumference of the adapter and the inner circumference of the holder body, and means for holding the rolling elements, and the holder body Between the adapter and the adapter, the rolling element is held between the inner periphery of the holder body and the outer periphery of the holder body when the adapter is centered and the escape portion that accommodates the rolling element when the adapter is inserted or withdrawn. And a centering portion for forming.

The holder device according to the present invention preferably comprises a biasing means for pulling the adapter toward the base end side of the holder body, and the adapter is rotationally engaged with the holder body when the adapter is centered. It is desirable to provide an engaging means for stopping the rotation.

[0009]

According to the holder device of the present invention, when the adapter is centered, the rolling element is pressed and sandwiched between the inner circumference of the holder body and the outer circumference of the adapter to support and center the adapter. Therefore, the centering of the adapter is performed at a plurality of positions including the tapered surface, and the centering accuracy of the adapter can be improved by eliminating the center runout of the adapter.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The holder device of the present embodiment is composed of a holder body and an adapter that is inserted into the holder body and is held / fixed to the holder body, and FIG. 1 (1) is a sectional view of the holder body. [Fig. 3] is a sectional view of the adapter. And FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which the adapter is inserted into the holder body.

A straight shaft hole 15 is formed from the tip end to the base end of the holder body 10, and a bottomed cylindrical retainer 16 for holding a steel ball 32 corresponding to a rolling element is formed in the inner part of the shaft hole 15. It is fixed to the base end side (left side in FIG. 1A) of the holder body by a mounting screw 18. A small hole 20 is formed in the center of the retainer 16 for allowing the mounting screw 18 to penetrate therethrough. The mounting screw 18 penetrates the small hole 20 and is screwed into a small hole 21 provided in the holder body 10. I am fit.

A plain washer 23 is fitted on the back surface of the head of the mounting screw 18, and a cylindrical collar 25 is provided around the mounting screw 18. This cylindrical collar 2
5 is interposed between the washer 23 and the rear end surface of the holder body. A disc spring 27 is interposed between the washer 23 and the bottom surface of the retainer 16. Therefore, by tightening the mounting screw 18, the collar 25 is non-rotatably sandwiched between the washer 23 and the rear end surface of the holder body 10, and the retainer 16 is biased toward the rear end side of the holder body by the disc spring 27. ing.

Reference numeral 29 is a spring pin, which is inserted into the pin hole 31 of the retainer 16 in the radial direction with respect to the collar 25, and the tip of the spring pin is fitted into the pin hole 33 of the collar. As a result, the retainer 16 is attached to the holder body 1
The holder body 10 and the retainer 16 are fixed with respect to 0 and can rotate together.

Near the tip of the retainer 16 (see FIG. 1 (1)).
Rightward) At a predetermined position on the tip 14 side of the holder main body 10, in order to make the rolling of the steel balls 32 smooth, it is desirable that the elliptical steel ball holding groove 30 having a major axis in the circumferential direction be located at the same circumferential position. The steel balls 32 are perforated evenly, and the steel balls 32 are rollably held in the respective grooves. Then, the groove 30 is slightly reduced in diameter toward the inside of the retainer 16 and the steel ball 3 held therein.
2 is configured so as not to fall inside the retainer.

Key grooves 19 are formed at two opposing positions on the outer periphery of the holder body 10 on the side of the tip 14, and the key grooves can be engaged with a protrusion key 84 of the adapter 12 which will be described later. In FIG. 1, L1 indicates the distance from the center of the steel ball holding groove 30 to the end of the shaft hole 15 of the holder body 10.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the adapter 12 inserted into the holder main body 10 has the retainer 1 when the adapter 12 is inserted into the shaft hole 15 of the holder main body 10.
6, a columnar straight shank 36 that is formed continuously with the shaft portion 34 and is inserted into the shaft hole 15, and a taper portion 37 that is continuous with the shank portion 36.
And a tool mounting portion 38 for holding a tool.
The shaft portion 34 is formed to have a shorter diameter than the straight shank 36, and has a base end 40 as a relief portion on the outer periphery thereof.
Side (the left side of FIG. 1 (2)), a substantially semi-cylindrical U groove 42 extending in the axial direction by a certain distance and a V groove 46 serving as a centering portion.
And are formed alternately in the circumferential direction. The respective V-grooves 46 are axially opposed to each other in the shaft portion 34 and have a pair of tapered surfaces 44A and 44B which are reduced in diameter as they go inward.
Have.

The U groove 42 is formed in the base portion 40 of the adapter 12.
Since it is formed from the
When it is inserted into 0, each U groove 42 and each steel ball 32 can be inserted at a position aligned with each other. The depth of the U groove 42 is formed slightly deeper than the length H1 (see FIG. 1A) in which the steel ball 32 projects inward from the holding groove 30, and the steel ball 32 is formed in the U groove 42. When inside, the steel ball 32 can be accommodated in a free state in which no pressing force is applied to the steel ball 32. On the other hand, when the steel ball 32 rides on the V-groove after the adapter 12 is rotated with respect to the holder body 10, the steel ball 32 is moved by the taper 44 surfaces A and B facing each other in the V-groove. The steel ball 32 is pressed to the 10 side and is reliably sandwiched between the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 15 of the holder body 10 and the tapered surface 44 in a pressed state. That is, the V groove 46 is formed such that the distance between the apex of the steel ball 32 that rides on the V groove and the adapter center axis is slightly longer than the distance between the holder body inner circumference and the adapter center axis. . The adapter 12 is centered when the steel ball 32 is clamped.

Further, since the adapter 12 is inserted into the shaft hole 15 of the holder main body 10, the straight portion 36 has the shaft hole 15
The diameter is slightly shorter than the diameter of. The diameter of the tapered portion 37 increases as it goes to the right in the drawing, and the tip end portion of the holder main body 10 has a tapered hole 52 that increases in diameter toward the tip so as to match the shape of the taper portion. It is formed continuously with the straight shaft hole 15. The taper portion 37 and the taper hole 52 are in close contact with each other when the adapter 12 is inserted into the holder body 10, and the adapter 12 can be supported and centered at this portion.

In the tool mounting portion 38 of the adapter, a tapered hole 54 having a diameter reduced toward the inside thereof is formed,
A collet 56 for fixing a tool is inserted into the tapered hole 54. The outer periphery of the collet 56 is formed with a plurality of slits (not shown) in the axial direction in order to secure the elasticity in the radial direction. A ring body 62 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the end of the collet 56. Ring body 62
An annular ring 64 is mounted in a groove on the outer periphery of the tool nut, and a lock nut 68 is provided around the tool attaching portion 38 in a state of connecting the ring body 62 and the tool attaching portion 38 via the annular ring 64. ing. When the lock nut 68 is rotated here, the axial reciprocating motion of the lock nut 68 causes the annular ring 6 to move.
4 and the ring body 62, is transmitted to the collet 56,
The collet slides in the tapered hole 54.

Reference numeral 76 is a cylindrical collar that slides on the outer peripheral surface of the tool mounting portion 38 by the bias of the spring 39. As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, a key 84 is provided on the collar 76, and the key 84 penetrates through a hole 77 formed in the tool mounting portion 38 and projects toward the holder body. L2 indicates the distance between the center of the V groove 46 and the end of the straight shank 34, and L2 is formed to be slightly shorter than L1.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, when the tool T is inserted into the collet 56, and then the lock nut 68 is rotated clockwise, the notch of the collet 56 is tightened to fix the tool T to the adapter 12. .

The adapter holding the tool T in this manner is inserted into the shaft hole 15 of the holder body 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the adapter is inserted into the holder body at a position where the steel ball 32 is accommodated in the U groove 42 of the adapter. At this time, adapter 1
2 is guided by the steel ball 32 and smoothly inserted into the holder body 10. At this time, each holding groove 3 of the retainer 16 having an elongated hole shape
It is preferable to urge the steel balls 32 so that each steel ball 32 is at a constant position with respect to 0 (see FIG. 1 (1), the retainer 16 is viewed from the tip side of the holder body, and 32 is biased in the clockwise direction of the holding groove 30).

In this state, when the adapter 12 is rotated 30 degrees with respect to the holder body 10, the steel ball 32 rolls on the U groove 42 of the adapter and moves to the V groove 46. Then, when the protruding key 84 of the collar 76 is engaged with the key groove 19 on the surface of the tip portion 14 of the holder body 10, the rotation of the adapter is completed. The steel ball 32 moves from the U groove 42 to the V groove 46.
2 is pushed toward the holder body 10 side by the taper 44A, B of the V groove in the process of moving to V-V of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5 which is a cross section, the steel ball 32 has a tapered surface 44.
It is held in the V groove 46 while being pressed between A and B and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 15 of the holder body 10. At this time, the steel balls 32 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction allow the adapter 12
The shaft portion 34 is supported by the holder body, and the adapter can be centered in this portion.

Since L2 is formed slightly shorter than L1, the steel ball 32 is pressed against the taper surface 44A on the base end side of the V groove 46 of the adapter 12. The steel ball 32 is held by a retainer 46 fixed to the holder body 10,
The retainer 46 is biased in the proximal direction of the holder body by the spring 27, and can hold the adapter 12 while biasing it in the proximal direction of the holder body. Further, since the protruding key 84 is engaged with the key groove 19 when the adapter is centered, the rotational movement of the holder body can be surely transmitted to the adapter 12 side.

In the holder device, the adapter 1
Since 2 is biased toward the holder main body 10 in the proximal direction, the tapered hole 52 of the holder main body 10 and the tapered portion 37 of the adapter 12 come into close contact with each other, and the holder main body 10 also moves the adapter 12 at this portion. Support and center it. As a result, the adapter can be supported and
In contrast to the centering, in this embodiment, since the steel ball 32 is pressed and held in the V groove 46,
Since the adapter is also centered on the base end side of the holder body 10, the centering accuracy of the adapter 10 is improved. As a result, even when the stress during machining is transmitted to the adapter, the runout of the adapter 12 is eliminated and the machining accuracy is improved. Since the holder body 10 supports the adapter 12 at a plurality of locations (two locations in this embodiment), it is possible to improve the rigidity and vibration resistance of the holder device.

After the centering of the adapter, the protrusion key 84 and the key groove 19 are engaged with each other to transmit the rotational movement of the holder body to the adapter side so that the adapter and the retainer rotate integrally. At the same time, the rotational movement of the holder body is transmitted to the retainer 16. As a result, steel balls 3
The state in which 2 is fitted in the V groove 46 is maintained, and the centering accuracy of the adapter is maintained good even when the holder main body is rotated.

From this state, when the adapter 12 is pulled out from the shaft hole 15 of the holder body 10, the collar 76 is moved rightward in the drawing against the bias of the compression spring 39, and the protrusion key 84 and the key groove 18 are moved. After releasing the engagement with, the adapter 12 is rotated 30 degrees in the direction opposite to the direction when the adapter is inserted. Then, the steel ball 32 is moved from the state in which it is held in the V groove 46 into the U groove 42 to be in a free state, and the adapter can be pulled out from the shaft hole 15 of the holder body 10.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 shows this embodiment, and the main difference from the above embodiment is that a cylindrical roller 86 is used as the rolling element instead of the steel ball 32.

U-grooves 88 of a substantially semi-cylindrical shape serving as a relief portion are formed in the shaft portion 34 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and when the adapter 12 is inserted into or removed from the holder body 10, As shown in FIG. 7, the rollers 86 are accommodated in the U groove 88 in a free state. At the time of centering, as shown in FIG. 8 which is a VIII-VIII cross section of FIG. 6, the roller 86 is pressed between the shaft outer circumference 90 as the centering portion between the U grooves 88 and the holder main body inner circumference 85. It is sandwiched.

In the first embodiment, at the time of centering,
The adapter is locked in the axial direction of the holder body by holding the steel ball 32 in the V groove 46 in which the taper 44 is formed. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the roller 8
Since 6 is sandwiched by the outer periphery 90 of the shaft portion 34 of the adapter, the adapter cannot be locked in the axial direction as it is.
Therefore, in this embodiment, a cylindrical lock piece 92 is continuously provided on the base end side of the shaft portion 34 of the adapter, and a cylindrical pulling piece 94 is provided inside the retainer.
The claw 98 of the lock piece 92 to the claw 98 extending toward the center of the
Are engaged with each other, and the pulling piece 94 urges the locking piece 92 so as to pull in the lock piece 92 toward the base end side of the holder body.
The adapter 12 is securely locked in the axial direction of the holder body 10.

A key 100 is interposed between a part of the outer circumference of the pull-in piece 94 and the corresponding circumference of the retainer 16 to prevent rotation between them. As a result, when the adapter is centered, the cylindrical roller between the outer circumference of the shaft portion and the inner circumference of the holder main body causes the U-groove 8 which cannot center the adapter.
It is possible to prevent it from falling into the inside of the housing 8 and to always maintain the centering accuracy of the adapter.

The base end of the pulling piece 94 is formed into a square-shaped protrusion 102, and this protrusion 102 is used for the retainer 16.
Of the holder body 2 protruding from the square hole 104 at the back of the holder.
8 is fitted in, and the rotational movement of the holder body 10 is transmitted to the pulling piece 94, which is transmitted to the retainer 16.

When the adapter 12 is inserted into the holder main body or pulled out from the holder main body, the cylindrical roller 86 is accommodated in the U groove 88 of the shaft portion 34, so that the insertion or the extraction can be freely performed. When the adapter is centered, the cylindrical roller 86 is clamped between the outer circumference 90 of the shaft portion 34 and the inner circumference of the holder body by rotating the adapter with respect to the holder body, and at the same time, the claws 96 and 98 are mutually engaged. Engage.

To prevent the retainer 16 and the retractable piece 94 from rotating, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 9, a pawl 106 is provided at the base end of the retainer 16 so as to project toward the center, while the lock piece 9 is provided.
It is also possible to form an engaging groove 108 for engaging the claw 106 on the base end surface of No. 4 and to engage both.

10 and 11 each show another example of the collar 76 of the above embodiment. In each case, the collar is mounted on the holder body side, which is a point different from the above-mentioned embodiment. 10 and 11, (1) shows the time of inserting or pulling out the adapter, and (2) shows the time of centering.

In FIG. 10, a cylindrical collar 76 is fitted to the tip of the holder body 10, and the compression spring 8
As a result of the biasing by 2, the collar 76 is biased toward the base end side of the holder main body. In FIG. 11, the collar 76 is biased toward the adapter, contrary to FIG.

In FIG. 10, when the adapter is inserted or withdrawn, the tip side protruding key 110 of the collar 76 is engaged with the key groove 112 on the adapter side. When the adapter is centered, the collar 76 is rotated integrally with the adapter, and when the protrusion key 84 on the base end side is engaged with the key groove 19 on the holder body 10 side by the biasing force of the compression spring 82, the centering is performed. Configure to complete. As a result, the rotational movement of the holder body 10 is transmitted to the adapter 12 side.

In FIG. 11, the compression spring 82 urges the collar 76 toward the holder main body side, and the protruding key 84 is always engaged with the key groove 19 of the holder main body 10 so that the collar 76 is moved relative to the holder main body 10. It is different from the case of FIG. 10 in that it does not rotate. As shown in (1), when the adapter is inserted or withdrawn, the tip-side protruding key 110 of the collar 76 is positioned so as not to engage with the key groove 112 of the adapter, abuts on the end surface 93, and the collar 76 is attached to the base end. Is moving in the direction. As shown in (2), when the adapter is rotated at the time of centering the adapter, the other projecting key 110 is engaged with the key groove 112 formed on the adapter side by the bias of the compression spring 82, and at the same time, the core is aligned. It is configured to complete the dispensing. Also at this time, the rotational movement of the holder body 110 is also transmitted to the adapter 112 side.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, steel balls or cylindrical rollers are used as rolling elements, but they can be used in combination, and the use of other rolling elements such as conical rollers is not hindered. Further, the number of rolling elements installed is not limited to that of this embodiment, and may be any number as long as the adapter is held in the shaft hole of the holder body and the adapter can be centered. Further, the shape of the groove portion for accommodating the rolling element in a free state at the time of inserting or withdrawing the adapter is not limited to the U groove, and a groove having another shape can be adopted.
Further, the centering portion is not limited to the V groove and the outer periphery of the rolling element, but may be any one that can press and hold the rolling element, and may be, for example, a “projection shape”. Furthermore, an intermediate member may be interposed between the rolling element and the holder body inner circumference, and the rolling element may be sandwiched between the holder body inner circumference and the adapter outer circumference when the adapter is centered. By using a leaf spring as such an intermediate member, it is possible to urge the rolling element toward the adapter side to make the support of the adapter more reliable. Further, the rolling element can be held on the adapter side.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the rolling element is pressed and nipped between the outer circumference of the adapter and the inner circumference of the holder body to support and center the adapter, the centering of the adapter can be performed at multiple locations including the tapered surface. Therefore, it is possible to achieve the excellent effect that the center deviation of the adapter can be eliminated and the centering accuracy can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a holder main body, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view of an adapter.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which an adapter is inserted in the holder body.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of an adapter.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the holder device when the adapter is inserted or pulled out.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 2, which is a sectional view of the holder device when the adapter is centered.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the holder device.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the holder device at the time of inserting or pulling out the adapter.

8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 6, and is a sectional view of the holder device when the adapter is centered.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of the lock piece and the pull-in piece.

FIG. 10 shows another example of the collar, (1) is a half sectional view showing when the adapter is inserted and removed, and (2) is a half sectional view showing the centering of the adapter.

FIG. 11 is a view showing still another example of color, (1)
Is a half sectional view showing when the adapter is inserted and removed, and (2) is a half sectional view showing when the adapter is centered.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Holder body 12 Adapter 15 Shaft hole of holder body 16 retainer 30 Steel ball fitting groove 32 steel balls 42,88 U groove (relief part) 44 taper 46 V groove (centering part) 50 taper 52 taper hole

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A holder device, comprising: a holder body; and an adapter, which is inserted into the holder body and on which a held member is mounted, wherein a tip portion of the holder body supports the adapter with a tapered surface. A plurality of rolling elements are provided between the outer circumference of the adapter and the inner circumference of the holder body, and means for holding the rolling elements is provided, and between the holder body and the adapter, when the adapter is inserted or pulled out. A holder device comprising: an escape portion for accommodating the rolling element; and a centering portion for pressing and sandwiching the rolling element between an inner circumference of the holder main body and an outer circumference of the adapter when the adapter is centered. 2. The holder device according to claim 1, further comprising a biasing means for pulling the adapter toward the base end side of the holder body. 3. The holder device according to claim 1, further comprising engagement means for engaging the adapter with the holder body in a rotational direction to prevent the adapter from rotating when the adapter is centered.