JPH0581637B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a powder solid fuel injection burner used in a spouted bed powder solid fuel gasification apparatus.

[Conventional technology]

There are various energy alternatives to oil, but coal has the largest reserves and is attracting the most attention.

Coal is solid and inconvenient to handle, and it also contains ash, sulfur, nitrogen, etc. In order to use it effectively, it must be converted into a clean energy source through liquefaction, gasification, etc. desired.

Coal gasification is currently attracting attention as a promising method for turning coal into a clean fuel. Among them, both the coal gasification combined cycle system, which uses clean gas from coal for power generation, and the coal gasification hydrogen production system, which aims to produce hydrogen, are attracting attention. One of the key technologies supporting both of these methods is coal gasification technology, and gasifiers are required to have high gasification efficiency, operability, reliability, and adaptability to a wide range of coal types. As a gasification method that satisfies these conditions, a spouted bed gasification method in which pulverized coal is reacted with a gasifying agent (oxygen, air, and water vapor) in a high-temperature air stream is considered to be promising.

A schematic diagram of a gasifier using the spouted bed gasifier is shown in FIG. This device consists of a coal supply system, a gasification agent supply system, a gasification furnace, a dust collection system 53, and a desulfurization system 54.

The coal supply system transports powdered solid fuel (coal, liquefied residue, etc.) 37 that has been crushed and classified by a crusher from a raw material conveyance line 29 into a normal pressure hopper 30, and then charges it into a pressure hopper 31. It is supplied to a supply hopper 32 which has a load cell 33 for weight measurement installed on the outer wall. When supplying powder solid fuel 37,
After increasing the pressure of the supply hopper 32 by several kilograms higher than the pressure of the gasifier 48, the powdered solid fuel 37 is measured by the feeder 34, and the inside of the raw material transport line 12 is pumped using the carrier gas 36 (nitrogen and inert gas). The gas is circulated and supplied to the gasification furnace 48. It flows through upper and lower branch pipes 42 and 43 through a distributor 11 that can evenly distribute it to several burners 46 and 47, and is supplied to a gasification furnace 48.

The gasifying agent supply system is nitrogen or air control valve 3.
8. It has a steam control valve 39, and the gasifying agent supply lines 40, 41 are passed through, and the gasifying agent supply lines 40, 41 are divided into two parts in the middle, and the burner 4 is passed through the upper and lower gasifying agent supply lines 44, 45.
6,47 and is supplied to the gasifier 48. The powdered solid fuel 37 and the gasifying agent come into contact at the outlet or inside the burner tip.

The gasifier 48 has a structure lined with firebrick. Because the temperature inside the gasifier is high,
The ash in the coal melts and slag precipitates. Therefore, the slag distribution line 5 that collects this slag
0, it has a slug hopper 51.

The gas generated from the gasifier 48 is transferred from the gasifier outlet line 52 to the dust collector 53 and the desulfurizer 54.
After removing dust, hydrogen sulfide, etc. from the generated gas, the generated gas is supplied as clean gas to a turbine or the like via a line 55.

The gasifier 48 installed in these devices has a supply system that supplies powdered solid fuel (coal, liquefied residue, etc.) 37 as described above, and burners 46 and 47 on the gasifier 48 side. are doing.

These burners 46 and 47 are important pieces of equipment that can generate gases rich in hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. by bringing the powdered solid fuel into contact with the gasifying agent inside and outside the burner tip and causing a reaction. During the continuous supply of powdered solid fuel, the burner tip may become clogged for some reason. This is due to reasons such as a decrease in the amount of nitrogen being transported, a decrease in flow rate, pressure fluctuations in the gasifier and supply hopper, and the presence of wood chips and coarse particles in the powdered solid fuel. happen. Furthermore, since the burner outlet is at a high temperature, slag may adhere to the tip of the burner and cause it to become clogged.

Therefore, in order to improve operability, it is essential to recover the blockage at the tip of the burner as quickly as possible without dismantling it.

Conventionally, typical burners having a closure recovery means at the tip of the burner will be described below.

1. Supply a large amount of carrier gas (nitrogen) to the pressure end purge section and blow pipe in the powder solid fuel supply line to apply reverse pressure (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 159011/1983).

2. Temporarily stop the supply of powdered solid fuel, open the valve before the burner, and extract the gas from the gasifier side to the atmosphere (if the pressure on the gasifier side is high).

3 Stimulate the inside of the burner with a sediment removal rod.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In method 1, if slag or powdered solid fuel is deposited and solidified on the tip of the burner, it is difficult to release it simply by circulating a large amount of gas. In addition, pressure fluctuations occur in the conveying pipe due to repeated nitrogen purge operations, which may affect other distribution lines and pose a risk of clogging even burners that are not blocked.

In method 2, it is possible to release the burner if powdered solid fuel is deposited on the tip of the burner, but it is very difficult to release the burner if slag is attached. In addition, this method has the problem that the raw materials must be temporarily stopped.

Method 3 above is considered to be the most effective compared to methods 1 and 2 above. However, the above 2
Similar to the above method, there is a problem in that the raw materials must be temporarily stopped.

In summary, methods 1 and 2 do not have sufficient deposit removal effects, and method 3 has a problem in that the supply of raw materials must be temporarily stopped.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a powder solid fuel injection burner that can provide a sufficient deposit removal effect without temporarily stopping the supply of raw materials.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above purpose is achieved by installing a deposit removal rod that reciprocates in the axial direction by mechanical operation in front of the inlet of the inner cylinder pipe, and providing a flow passage for high-speed gas flow in the center of the deposit removal rod. achieved.

[Effect]

When it is detected that the tip of the burner is clogged by means such as a differential pressure oscillator installed in the raw material conveyance line, the deposit removal rod is horizontally reciprocated in the axial direction to mechanically push out the deposits. Furthermore, high-speed gas is ejected from the center of the deposit removal rod. . Thereby, deposits can be effectively removed without stopping the supply of powdered solid fuel.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a powder solid fuel injection burner according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the outer cylindrical portion of the deposit removal rod in FIG. 1. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a spouted bed gasifier to which the present invention is applied.

First, the gasifier shown in FIG. 3 will be explained. This gasifier uses a spouted bed type gasifier 48, and has a structure in which the inside is lined with firebrick, including a slag cooling section 57, a reaction section 49, and a generated gas distribution section 5.
6, an external mixing type burner 47 is connected to the gasifier reaction section 4 so that a swirling flow is formed in the gasifier.
There are two installed at the bottom of 9 in the tangential direction. A cooling water inlet line 4 , an outlet line 5 , a gasifying agent supply line 8 , and a coal branch line 43 are connected to this burner 47 . The inside of the gasifier 48 is 1400
The ash in the coal melts and forms slag due to the high temperatures exceeding 50°C. Therefore, this slag is allowed to freely fall into a slag cooling section 57 filled with water, where it is rapidly solidified and recovered.

On the other hand, a differential pressure extraction line 13 is provided in the coal branch pipe line 43 of the coal supply system, and a differential pressure oscillator 14 is further attached to this differential pressure extraction line 13 to measure the differential pressure in the line 43 and to An automatic control mechanism section 22 having a built-in deposit removal rod operating mechanism section is installed in the inner powder solid fuel line 25.

Next, the burner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained. The burner main body 24 includes a burner raw material inlet pipe 9, a branch pipe conveyance line 10, and a distributor 1.
1. Raw material transport line 12, differential pressure extraction line 1
3, differential pressure oscillator 14, deposit removal rod operating outer cylinder part 1
7, deposit removal rod 18, high-speed gas injection hole 19, deposit removal rod outer cylinder connection part 20, pneumatic differential part 21,
It consists of a deposit removal rod internal flow passage 26, a high-speed gas (nitrogen) regulating valve 16, a high-speed gas distribution line 23, a high-speed gas jet hole 19, and an automatic control mechanism section 22.

The burner main body 24 has an outer cylinder part through which cooling water inlets and outlet lines 4 and 5 flow, and an inner cylinder pipe center flow path 1 through which powdered solid fuel 37 and conveying gas 36 flow.
It has a triple tube structure in which the gasifying agent (oxygen, air, and water vapor) from the gasifying agent supply line 8 flows through the intermediate cylinder between the outer tube and the inner tube.

The gasifying agent is supplied from the gasifying agent supply line 8 into the burner intermediate cylindrical pipe, and is ejected from the gasifying agent outlet hole 3 at the tip of the burner.

The powdered solid fuel 37 flows through the raw material transportation line 12, is supplied to the distributor 11, and is evenly distributed.
The raw material is supplied from the burner raw material inlet pipe 9 to the inner cylindrical tube center flow path 1 in the burner through the branch pipe conveyance line 10, and is ejected from the raw material jetting hole 2 into the gasification furnace 7.

On the way, a differential pressure extraction line 13 and a differential pressure oscillator 14 are installed in the line of the branch pipe conveyance line 10 to detect the differential pressure in this line 10. Further, the burner raw material inlet pipe 9 is connected to the burner powder solid fuel line 25 at an angle of 30 degrees or less.

The sediment removal rod operating mechanism consists of a sediment removal rod 18 with an acute tip, a sediment removal rod outer cylinder part 17, a pneumatic actuator 21, and a sediment removal rod outer cylinder connection part 20, and an enlarged view of this part is shown. is shown in Figure 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, the deposit removal rod 18 pushes high-pressure air from the pneumatic actuator 21 into the air passage 17 through the pneumatic flow passage 60, and is operated by the air pressure to expand and contract. It has a bellows portion 59 that expands and contracts. Further, the tip of the removal rod 18 has a length that extends somewhat into the gasification furnace 7 from the raw material injection hole 2, so that the deposit can be pushed out and removed. Further, the removal rod 18 has an internal flow passage 26 in the center thereof through which high-speed gas flows. The deposit removal rod outer cylinder connection part 20 has a screw-in structure 61 and is connected to the powder solid fuel line 25 in the burner.
connected to. Further, the sealing portion 58 when the connecting portion 20 moves inside the connecting portion 25 is sealed with a sealant such as Teflon to prevent leakage of powdered solid fuel, pressure, etc.

The high-speed gas (nitrogen) flow path is the high-speed gas control valve 1.
6. Consists of a high-speed gas (nitrogen) flow line 23, a flow path 26 in the deposit removal rod, and a high-speed gas (nitrogen) jet hole 19. High-velocity gas (nitrogen) is usually continuously supplied in a small amount to avoid clogging the line.

If the raw material nozzle 2 is blocked due to some equalization,
Immediately, when the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure oscillator 14 installed in the branch pipe conveyance line 10 rises and exceeds a certain set value, the automatic control mechanism section 22 operates, and the pneumatic operating section 2
1 and the high speed gas control valve 16;
The deposits are removed while the deposit removal rod 18 is activated and high-speed gas is jetted from the high-speed gas (nitrogen) jet hole 19.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between high-speed gas blowing flow rate and slag adhesion rate. The slag adhesion rate was defined as the ratio of the amount of slag remaining on the burner tip when high-speed gas was passed through to the amount of slag that adhered to the entire burner tip. As shown in this graph, high-speed gas (nitrogen) nozzle 1
9, it is difficult to remove the slag at a flow velocity of several m/s, and the flow velocity to blow away more than 95% of the slag is
It can be seen that the speed is 30m/s or more.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, deposits such as slag attached to the tip of the burner can be effectively removed without stopping the supply of raw materials, and at the same time,
The occluded portion can be automatically restored.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a powder solid fuel injection burner according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the outer cylinder of the deposit removal rod in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the powder solid fuel injection burner to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between high-speed gas flow velocity and slag adhesion rate at the tip of the burner, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the spouted bed gasifier. 1... Inner cylinder tube center flow path, 2... Raw material jet hole, 3
...Gasifier blowout hole, 4...Cooling water inlet line, 5...Cooling water outlet line, 6...Refractory brick, 7...Reaction section in gasifier, 8...Gasifier supply line, 9 ...Burner raw material inlet piping, 10...
... Branch pipe conveyance line, 11 ... Distributor, 12 ...
Raw material transport line, 13...Differential pressure extraction line,
14...Differential pressure oscillator, 15...Signal, 16...High speed gas (nitrogen) control valve, 17...Deposit removal rod outer cylinder part, 18...Deposit removal rod, 19...High speed gas (nitrogen) Nozzle hole, 20...Deposit removal rod outer cylinder connection part, 21...Pneumatic operation part, 22...Automatic control mechanism part, 23...High speed gas (nitrogen) distribution line, 2
4... Burner body, 25... Powdered solid fuel line in the burner, 26... Flow path in the deposit removal rod, 29
...Raw material conveyance line, 30...Normal pressure hopper, 31
...Pressure hopper, 32... Supply hopper, 33...
Load cell, 34... feeder, 35... mixer, 36... carrier gas (nitrogen or inert gas),
37... Powdered solid fuel, 40, 41... Gasifier supply line, 42, 43... Branch pipe, 44, 45
... Gasifier supply line, 46, 47 ... Burner, 48 ... Gasifier, 49 ... Reaction section in gasifier, 50 ... Slag distribution line, 51 ... Slag hopper, 52 ... Gasifier Exit line, 53...
Dust collector, 54... desulfurization device, 56... generated gas flow path, 57... slag cooling section, 58... sealing section, 59... bellows section, 60... pneumatic flow path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of circular tubes with different diameters are superimposed on the same axis, and the innermost inner tube is a central flow path for supplying powdered solid fuel and its carrier gas, and the outer cylindrical tube is The space between the inner cylinder and the cylindrical tubes is configured as a flow path for supplying cooling water and a flow path for supplying a gasifying agent, and the powdered solid fuel and the gasifying agent are brought into contact at the outlet of the tip of the cylindrical tube. In the powdered solid fuel injection burner for gasifying the powdered solid fuel, a deposit removal rod that reciprocates in the axial direction by mechanical operation is installed in front of the cylindrical pipe inlet, and a deposit removal rod is installed in the center of the deposit removal rod. A powder solid fuel injection burner characterized by having a flow path for high-speed gas flow.