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JPH0553980B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0553980B2
JPH0553980B2 JP19910183A JP19910183A JPH0553980B2 JP H0553980 B2 JPH0553980 B2 JP H0553980B2 JP 19910183 A JP19910183 A JP 19910183A JP 19910183 A JP19910183 A JP 19910183A JP H0553980 B2 JPH0553980 B2 JP H0553980B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
orbit
gear
ball
rotation
epitrochoid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP19910183A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6091043A (en
Inventor
Nobuhito Matsuhira
Masayuki Nishihara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP19910183A priority Critical patent/JPS6091043A/en
Publication of JPS6091043A publication Critical patent/JPS6091043A/en
Publication of JPH0553980B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0553980B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/04Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H25/06Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying rotary motion with intermediate members guided along tracks on both rotary members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/04Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H25/06Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying rotary motion with intermediate members guided along tracks on both rotary members
    • F16H2025/063Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying rotary motion with intermediate members guided along tracks on both rotary members the intermediate members being balls engaging on opposite cam discs

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔発明の属する技術分野〕 本発明は減速機に関する。 〔従来技術とその問題点〕 従来の減速機を第1図に示す。 これは広く利用されている遊星歯車式減速機で
ある。サンギヤ1、リングギヤ3の歯数をそれぞ
れZs,Zrとすると、固定ギヤ及び入・出力ギヤ
の選び方によつて得られる減速非i(出力回転
数/入力回転数は表の通りである。
[Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a reduction gear. [Prior art and its problems] A conventional reduction gear is shown in Fig. 1. This is a widely used planetary gear reducer. If the number of teeth of the sun gear 1 and ring gear 3 is Zs and Zr, respectively, then the reduction ratio i (output rotation speed/input rotation speed) obtained by selecting the fixed gear and input/output gears is as shown in the table.

【表】【table】

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明は、従来の減速機の欠点であつた容積Γ
効率の問題を改善したものであり、小型、大減速
比、高効率の減速機を提供することにある。 〔発明の概要〕 本発明は、トロコイド系軌道を備えた複数の円
板の間で、複数の転動体をこのトロコイド系軌道
に沿つてころがり運動させることにより減速動作
を行わせる減速機において、前記円板間に放射状
に延びる長穴を備えた保持板を配置し、この長穴
内に前記転動体を介在させたことを特徴とするも
のである。このような減速機の基本的な減速動作
を第2図に示す。ハイポトロコイド軌道4、エピ
トロコイド軌道6、ピン部材5は一義的に決ま
る。この時、ハイポトロコイド軌道とエピトロコ
イド軌道を対向する2枚の円板上にそれぞれ溝と
して形成し、その円板の間にピン部材としていく
つかの転動体を介在させると、減速機自体を大幅
に小型化できる。転動体は保持器なしでも回転を
伝達することが可能であるが、高精度な加工を必
要とする。本発明では、放射状に延びる長穴を設
けた保持器を用いることで、騒音が小さく保持器
の摩耗が少ない減速機を実現することを可能とし
た。 〔発明の効果〕 本発明は、全ての転動体が動力伝達に関与して
いること、ころがり伝達により摩擦が小さいこと
小数歯数差式内接遊星機構により大きな減速比が
得られることから、小型で大動力伝達、大減速
比、高効率の減速機が可能である。 〔本発明の実施例〕 第3図、第4図に本発明の実施例を示す。 ケース31には固定されたハイポロコイド軌道
の溝41が形成されている。円板32にはエピト
ロコイド軌道の溝42が対向して形成されてお
り、軸受22を介して入力軸11に偏心取付けさ
れている偏心軸12と回転自在に結合されてい
る。溝41,42の間にはピン部材として数個の
ボール47が介在している。 これらのボールは、第5図bに示されるような
保持器36によつて対向する溝の中でのころがり
運動を補助され、円滑に回転を伝達することがで
きる。 例えば第5図aのようなボール保持用の丸穴3
7を設けるものでも減速動作は実現するが、保持
器35全体が揺動運動してしまうため、大きな騒
音の発生する恐れがある。また保持器35とボー
ルとの摩擦によつて丸穴37の摩耗が問題となつ
てしまう。これに対して第5図bに示されるよう
に偏心量だけ中心から放射状にだ円の長穴38を
設けた保持器36とすることにより、入力軸11
と同心軸とすることができる。また、第5図bの
ような形式の場合円周方向の保持が必要であるか
ら、だ円形でなくても例えば長方形の穴でも良
い。 円板32と33の対向する面には、第6図のよ
うにそれぞれに偏心量を半径とする円状の溝4
3,44が数ケ所あり、ボール48を介在させる
ことでクランク機構とし、回転比1で結合してい
る。 円板33と34の対向する面では、円板33に
エピトロコイド軌道の溝45及び34にはハイポ
トロコイド軌道の溝46が形成され、その間には
数個のボール49が保持器36によつてピン歯車
として介在している。円板34は入力軸11に対
して同心軸であり、軸受24で入力軸を支持しで
おり、回転を出力軸14へ伝達している。 次に本実施例の原理を説明する。 入力軸11に入力回転を与えると、偏心軸12
と回転自在に結合されている円板32が入力回転
と同じで入力軸に対して公転運動する。円板32
にはエピトロコイド軌道の溝42があり、ケース
31上に固定されたハイポトロコイド軌道の溝4
1と対向しており、ボール47がその溝の間を運
動することによつて、円板32はそれらの波数に
よつて決定される自転運動を行なう。ここで、こ
の自転を出力として取り出せば減速が行なわれて
いる。また、この自転運動はボールを用いたクラ
ンク機構により、入力軸11に対して偏心軸12
と反対側にある偏心軸13に軸受23を介して回
転自在になつている円板33にそのまゝ伝達され
る。さらに、円板33と34の対向面にはエピト
ロコイド歯形とハイポトロコイド軌道の溝45,
46があり、そこにピン部材としてのボール49
が介在しており、これらの波数により最終的な減
速が行なわれる。 一段目のエピトロコイド軌道、ハイポトロコイ
ド軌道、ピン部材の波数をそれぞれZ1e,Z1p,
Z1h、二段目のそれをZ2e,Z2p,Z2hとすると
歯数は Z1P=Z1e+1=Z1h−1 Z2p=Z2e+1=Z2h−1 の関係にあり、一段目の減速比i1、二段目の最終
減速比i2は i1=−Z1h−Z1e/Z1e 2/Z1e i2=1−Z1hZ2e/Z1eZ2h として表わせる。ここで負符号は入力回転と出力
回転の方向が逆であることを示す。また、Z1p=
Z2pの場合、出力回転は得られない。 本実施例では、Z1e=10,Z1p=11,Z1h=
12,Z2e=11,Z2p=12,Z2h=13とし減速比i
(=i2)は−1/65となる。 以上説明したように本発明は、ボールの数の増
減に応じて円板を替えることで減速比を広く選定
でき、重ね合わせることにより容易に多段に組み
合わせることが可能であり、ピン部材としてのボ
ールに保持器を用いることで容易に円滑な回転が
得られる。また、各ボールが動力伝達に関与し、
ころがり伝達をすることによつて、小型、大動力
伝達、大減速比、高効率の減速機を提供できる。
また、放射状の長穴を設けた保持器を用いること
で、騒音が小さく保持器の摩耗が少ない減速機を
提供できる。
The present invention solves the problem of the volume Γ, which was a drawback of conventional reducers.
The objective is to improve the efficiency problem and provide a small size, large reduction ratio, and high efficiency reduction gear. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a reduction gear that performs a deceleration operation by rolling a plurality of rolling elements along a trochoidal trajectory between a plurality of disks having a trochoidal trajectory. A holding plate having elongated holes extending radially therebetween is disposed, and the rolling elements are interposed in the elongated holes. The basic deceleration operation of such a reduction gear is shown in FIG. The hypotrochoid orbit 4, epitrochoid orbit 6, and pin member 5 are uniquely determined. At this time, if the hypotrochoid orbit and epitrochoid orbit are formed as grooves on two discs facing each other, and some rolling elements are interposed between the discs as pin members, the reducer itself can be significantly downsized. can be converted into Although rolling elements can transmit rotation without a cage, they require highly accurate machining. In the present invention, by using a cage provided with elongated holes extending radially, it is possible to realize a reduction gear with low noise and less wear on the cage. [Effects of the Invention] The present invention is compact in size because all rolling elements are involved in power transmission, friction is low due to rolling transmission, and a large reduction ratio can be obtained by the decimal tooth difference type internal planetary mechanism. This enables large power transmission, large reduction ratios, and highly efficient reduction gears. [Embodiments of the present invention] FIGS. 3 and 4 show embodiments of the present invention. A groove 41 having a fixed hypolocoid orbit is formed in the case 31. Epitrochoid orbital grooves 42 are formed in the disc 32 to face each other, and the disc 32 is rotatably coupled to the eccentric shaft 12 eccentrically attached to the input shaft 11 via the bearing 22 . Several balls 47 are interposed between the grooves 41 and 42 as pin members. These balls are assisted in their rolling motion in the opposing grooves by retainers 36 as shown in FIG. 5b, and can smoothly transmit rotation. For example, a round hole 3 for holding the ball as shown in Figure 5a.
Although the deceleration operation can be realized even with the provision of the retainer 35, the entire retainer 35 swings, so there is a risk that large noise will be generated. Furthermore, wear of the round holes 37 due to friction between the retainer 35 and the balls becomes a problem. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5b, the input shaft 11
It can be a concentric axis. Further, in the case of the type shown in FIG. 5b, since it is necessary to hold the hole in the circumferential direction, the hole need not be oval but may be rectangular, for example. The opposing surfaces of the disks 32 and 33 are each provided with a circular groove 4 whose radius is the amount of eccentricity, as shown in FIG.
3 and 44 in several places, and a crank mechanism is formed by interposing a ball 48, and they are connected at a rotation ratio of 1. On the opposite surfaces of the discs 33 and 34, epitrochoidal grooves 45 are formed in the disc 33, and hypotrochoidal grooves 46 are formed in the 34, between which several balls 49 are held by the retainer 36. It is interposed as a pin gear. The disk 34 is a concentric shaft with respect to the input shaft 11, supports the input shaft with the bearing 24, and transmits rotation to the output shaft 14. Next, the principle of this embodiment will be explained. When input rotation is applied to the input shaft 11, the eccentric shaft 12
A disk 32 rotatably connected to the input shaft rotates around the input shaft at the same time as the input rotation. Disk 32
has an epitrochoid orbit groove 42, and a hypotrochoid orbit groove 4 fixed on the case 31.
1, and as the ball 47 moves between the grooves, the disk 32 performs a rotational motion determined by their wave numbers. Here, if this rotation is taken out as output, deceleration is occurring. In addition, this rotational movement is achieved by a crank mechanism using balls, and the eccentric shaft 12 is rotated with respect to the input shaft 11.
It is directly transmitted to the eccentric shaft 13 on the opposite side through the bearing 23 to the disk 33 which is rotatable. Further, on the opposing surfaces of the disks 33 and 34, epitrochoid tooth profiles and hypotrochoid orbital grooves 45,
46, and there is a ball 49 as a pin member.
are involved, and the final deceleration is performed by these wave numbers. The wave numbers of the first stage epitrochoid orbit, hypotrochoid orbit, and pin member are Z 1 e, Z 1 p, respectively.
Z 1 h, and the second stage is Z 2 e, Z 2 p, Z 2 h, then the number of teeth is Z 1 P = Z 1 e + 1 = Z 1 h - 1 Z 2 p = Z 2 e + 1 = Z 2 h -1, and the reduction ratio i 1 of the first stage and the final reduction ratio i 2 of the second stage are i 1 = -Z 1 h - Z 1 e/Z 1 e 2/Z 1 e i 2 = 1 - It can be expressed as Z 1 hZ 2 e/Z 1 eZ 2 h. Here, the negative sign indicates that the input rotation and output rotation directions are opposite. Also, Z 1 p=
In the case of Z 2 p, no output rotation is obtained. In this example, Z 1 e=10, Z 1 p=11, Z 1 h=
12, Z 2 e=11, Z 2 p=12, Z 2 h=13, and the reduction ratio i
(=i 2 ) is −1/65. As explained above, the present invention allows a wide range of reduction ratios to be selected by changing the disks according to the increase or decrease in the number of balls, and allows easy combinations in multiple stages by overlapping them. By using a retainer, smooth rotation can be easily obtained. In addition, each ball is involved in power transmission,
By using rolling transmission, it is possible to provide a reduction gear that is small, has large power transmission, a large reduction ratio, and is highly efficient.
Further, by using a cage provided with radial elongated holes, it is possible to provide a reduction gear with less noise and less wear on the cage.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は従来の減速機を説明する概略図、第2
図はトロコイド系歯形を用いた内接咬合形の減速
機の原理図、第3図、第4図は本発明の実施例の
軸方向断面図、第5図aは一般的なボール保持器
を示す平面図、第5図bは本発明で使用されてい
るボール保持器を示す平面図、第6図はボール保
持器の概略図である。 1……サンギヤ、2……プラネツトギヤ、3…
…リングギヤ、4……ハイポトロコイド軌道、5
……ボール、6……エピトロコイド軌道、7……
ハイポトロコイドピツチ円、8……ピン部材ピツ
チ円、9……エピトロコイドピツチ円、11……
入力軸、12,13……偏心軸、14……出力
軸、21,22,23,24,25……軸受、3
1……ケース、32,33,34……円板、3
5,36……ボール保持器、41,46……ハイ
ポトロコイド軌道溝、42,45……エピトロコ
イド軌道、43,44……円溝、47,48,4
9……ボール。
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram explaining a conventional reduction gear;
The figure is a principle diagram of an internal occlusion type reducer using trochoid tooth profile, Figures 3 and 4 are axial cross-sectional views of embodiments of the present invention, and Figure 5a shows a general ball cage. FIG. 5b is a plan view showing a ball holder used in the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the ball holder. 1...Sun gear, 2...Planet gear, 3...
...Ring gear, 4...Hypotrochoid orbit, 5
...Ball, 6...Epitrochoid orbit, 7...
Hypotrochoid pitch circle, 8... Pin member pitch circle, 9... Epitrochoid pitch circle, 11...
Input shaft, 12, 13... Eccentric shaft, 14... Output shaft, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25... Bearing, 3
1...Case, 32, 33, 34...Disc, 3
5, 36... Ball holder, 41, 46... Hypotrochoid orbital groove, 42, 45... Epitrochoid orbit, 43, 44... Circular groove, 47, 48, 4
9...Ball.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 トロコイド系軌道を備えた複数の円板の間
で、複数の転動体をこのトロコイド系軌道に沿つ
てころがり運動させることにより減速動作を行わ
せる減速機において、 前記円板間に放射状の長穴を備えた保持板を配
置し、この長穴内に前記転動体を介在させたたこ
とを特徴とする減速機。
[Scope of Claims] 1. In a reduction gear that performs a deceleration operation by rolling a plurality of rolling elements along the trochoidal track between a plurality of discs each having a trochoidal track, A speed reducer characterized in that a holding plate having radial elongated holes is arranged, and the rolling elements are interposed in the elongated holes.
JP19910183A 1983-10-26 1983-10-26 Inner gearing planetary reduction gear Granted JPS6091043A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19910183A JPS6091043A (en) 1983-10-26 1983-10-26 Inner gearing planetary reduction gear

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19910183A JPS6091043A (en) 1983-10-26 1983-10-26 Inner gearing planetary reduction gear

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6091043A JPS6091043A (en) 1985-05-22
JPH0553980B2 true JPH0553980B2 (en) 1993-08-11

Family

ID=16402136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19910183A Granted JPS6091043A (en) 1983-10-26 1983-10-26 Inner gearing planetary reduction gear

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6091043A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102141118A (en) * 2011-03-29 2011-08-03 重庆大学 Differential speed reducer

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2966536B2 (en) * 1990-12-27 1999-10-25 加茂精工株式会社 Rolling ball type differential reduction gear
JPH0614592U (en) * 1991-12-12 1994-02-25 株式会社椿本チエイン Ball reducer
KR100991515B1 (en) 2008-03-24 2010-11-04 이부락 High speed reducer in the form of ball lowering
CN105020347B (en) * 2014-04-29 2017-10-31 宁波宏志机器人科技有限公司 A kind of eccentric oscillating-type planetary gear device
CN111300477B (en) * 2020-03-05 2021-09-07 北京海益同展信息科技有限公司 Bionic wrist, bionic hand and mechanical arm

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102141118A (en) * 2011-03-29 2011-08-03 重庆大学 Differential speed reducer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6091043A (en) 1985-05-22

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