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JPH05322801A - Concentration meter - Google Patents

Concentration meter

Info

Publication number
JPH05322801A
JPH05322801A JP4045613A JP4561392A JPH05322801A JP H05322801 A JPH05322801 A JP H05322801A JP 4045613 A JP4045613 A JP 4045613A JP 4561392 A JP4561392 A JP 4561392A JP H05322801 A JPH05322801 A JP H05322801A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
measured
fluid
antenna
concentration
microwave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP4045613A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3199815B2 (en
Inventor
Takeshi Yamaura
武 山浦
Koji Ogata
孝次 緒方
Tsutomu Suzuki
務 鈴木
Ikuo Arai
郁男 荒井
Seiji Yamaguchi
征治 山口
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp, Tokyo Metropolitan Government filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP04561392A priority Critical patent/JP3199815B2/en
Publication of JPH05322801A publication Critical patent/JPH05322801A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3199815B2 publication Critical patent/JP3199815B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a concentration meter which can measure the concentration of a fluid without causing adhesion of suspended solids and receiving any influence from bubbles in the fluid and, at the same time, which is improved in microwave incident and emission efficiencies. CONSTITUTION:The title concentration meter finds the phase difference between a first phase lag obtained by propagating microwaves through a fluid containing no substance to be measured in a tube body 23 for detection (including a container for detection), in which a microwave transmitting and receiving systems are arranged opposed to each other, and second phase lag obtained by propagating microwaves through the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured in the tube body 23 and measures the concentration of the substance to be measured in the fluid. The tube body 23 is constituted in such a way that opened window sections 23a and 23a' are formed through the body 23 so that they can face each other and insulators 23c and 23c' for attaching antennas are airtightly fitted to the sections 23a and 23a'. In addition, a microwave transmitting and receiving antennas 28 and 29 are closely attached to the insulators 23c an 23c', respectively.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、懸濁物質の濃度、例え
ば汚泥濃度,パルプ濃度その他液体中の種々の溶解物質
の濃度を測定する濃度計に係わり、特にアンテナの取付
け部分を改良した濃度計に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a densitometer for measuring the concentration of suspended matter, for example, sludge concentration, pulp concentration and other concentrations of various dissolved substances in a liquid. Regarding the total.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、被測定流体の濃度を測定するに際
し、図4に示すような超音波式濃度計が用いられてい
る。この濃度計は、両側に伸びる配管1,1′の間に仕
切弁2,2′を介して検出用配管3が取付けられ、さら
に検出用配管3の管壁に被測定流体と接触するように超
音波送信器4と超音波受信器5がそれぞれ対向配置さ
れ、そのうち超音波送信器4側には超音波発振器6が接
続され、超音波受信器5側には超音波減衰率測定回路7
が接続されている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when measuring the concentration of a fluid to be measured, an ultrasonic concentration meter as shown in FIG. 4 has been used. In this densitometer, a detection pipe 3 is attached via a sluice valve 2, 2'between the pipes 1 and 1'extending on both sides, and further, the pipe wall of the detection pipe 3 is brought into contact with the fluid to be measured. The ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 are arranged so as to face each other, the ultrasonic oscillator 6 is connected to the ultrasonic transmitter 4 side, and the ultrasonic attenuation rate measuring circuit 7 is connected to the ultrasonic receiver 5 side.
Are connected.

【0003】このような構成の濃度計によれば、超音波
発振器6から超音波送信器4に超音波信号を入力する
と、この超音波送信器4から超音波が放射される。この
超音波は検出用配管3内の流体中を伝播して超音波受信
器5によって受信される。このとき、超音波の強度は流
体中の懸濁物質の濃度に応じて減衰する。超音波受信器
5では超音波の受信強度に応じた電気信号に変換して超
音波減衰率測定回路7に導入する。この超音波減衰率測
定回路7では、予め懸濁物質の濃度とこの懸濁物質の濃
度に応じた超音波の減衰率との関係を表す検量線が設定
されているので、入力される電気信号から得られる減衰
率に基づいて前記検量線から濃度を測定することができ
る。
According to the densitometer having such a configuration, when an ultrasonic wave signal is inputted from the ultrasonic wave oscillator 6 to the ultrasonic wave transmitter 4, the ultrasonic wave is radiated from the ultrasonic wave transmitter 4. This ultrasonic wave propagates through the fluid in the detection pipe 3 and is received by the ultrasonic receiver 5. At this time, the intensity of the ultrasonic wave is attenuated according to the concentration of the suspended substance in the fluid. In the ultrasonic wave receiver 5, the ultrasonic wave is converted into an electric signal according to the reception strength of the ultrasonic wave and introduced into the ultrasonic wave attenuation rate measuring circuit 7. In this ultrasonic attenuation factor measuring circuit 7, since a calibration curve representing the relationship between the concentration of the suspended substance and the attenuation factor of the ultrasonic wave according to the concentration of the suspended substance is set in advance, the input electrical signal The concentration can be measured from the calibration curve based on the attenuation rate obtained from the above.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、以上の
ような濃度計には次のような問題点がある。
However, the above densitometer has the following problems.

【0005】イ. 超音波の送受信器4,5が液体に接
触していることから、その接触面に懸濁物質が付着して
測定誤差の要因となり、このために定期的に洗浄する必
要があること。特に、下水汚泥等の懸濁物質の場合には
付着しやすいので、頻繁に洗浄する必要がある。
B. Since the ultrasonic wave transmitters / receivers 4, 5 are in contact with the liquid, the suspended substance adheres to the contact surface and causes a measurement error. For this reason, it is necessary to regularly clean the device. In particular, suspended solids such as sewage sludge tend to adhere, and therefore need to be washed frequently.

【0006】ロ. これに対し、以上のような問題は、
検出用配管3の外側に超音波の送受信器4,5を取り付
けることで解決できるが、この場合には検出用配管3の
送受信器取り付け部分の肉厚を薄くしなければならず、
強度および耐久性等の面から問題がある。また、配管3
の振動の影響を受けやすく、誤差の要因となる。
B. On the other hand, the above problems are
This can be solved by mounting the ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 4, 5 on the outside of the detection pipe 3, but in this case, the thickness of the transmitter / receiver mounting portion of the detection pipe 3 must be reduced,
There is a problem in terms of strength and durability. Also, piping 3
It is easily affected by the vibration of and causes an error.

【0007】ハ. また、超音波は液体と比較して気体
中での減衰率が非常に大きい。このことは、流体中に気
泡が混入していると超音波の気体中の減衰が懸濁物質に
よる減衰よりも格段に大きくなる。その結果、測定不可
能になったり、或いは見掛けよりも高濃度な測定を行っ
てしまう。
C. In addition, ultrasonic waves have a much higher attenuation rate in gas than liquid. This means that when air bubbles are mixed in the fluid, the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in the gas is much larger than the attenuation of suspended matter. As a result, the measurement becomes impossible, or the measurement is performed at a higher concentration than it seems.

【0008】そこで、この種の濃度計では消泡式の濃度
計が用いられている。この消泡式濃度計は、所定のサン
プリング周期で被測定流体を加圧消泡室に取り込んだ
後、加圧によって気泡を溶解させた後、当該被測定流体
の濃度を測定する構成である。しかし、この濃度計で
は、所定のサンプリング周期で流体をサンプリングする
ので連続測定ができないこと、サンプリングおよび加圧
を行うので機械的な可動機構を設ける必要があること等
により信頼性が低い。
Therefore, a defoaming type densitometer is used in this type of densitometer. This defoaming type densitometer has a configuration in which a fluid to be measured is taken into a pressurized defoaming chamber at a predetermined sampling period, and then bubbles are dissolved by pressurization, and then the concentration of the fluid to be measured is measured. However, with this densitometer, the fluid is sampled at a predetermined sampling period, so continuous measurement is not possible, and since mechanical and movable mechanisms must be provided because sampling and pressurization are performed, reliability is low.

【0009】ニ. さらに、かかる濃度計では、超音波
が被測定物質によって分散されて減衰することを利用し
ているので、流体中に懸濁物質が完全に溶解している場
合には適用しにくい。
D. Further, in such a densitometer, since ultrasonic waves are dispersed and attenuated by the substance to be measured, it is difficult to apply when the suspended substance is completely dissolved in the fluid.

【0010】本発明は上記実情にかんがみてなされたも
ので、懸濁物質の付着や流体中の気泡の影響を受けずに
被測定物質の濃度を測定でき、しかも被測定物質が流体
中に完全に溶解している場合でも確実に測定でき、か
つ、マイクロ波送受信方式を用いたときにマイクロ波を
効率よく送受信する濃度計を提供することを目的とす
る。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to measure the concentration of a substance to be measured without being affected by adhesion of suspended substances and bubbles in the fluid, and the substance to be measured is completely contained in the fluid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a densitometer that can reliably measure even when dissolved in, and efficiently transmits and receives microwaves when the microwave transmission and reception method is used.

【0011】[0011]

【課題を解決するための手段】請求項1に対応する発明
は上記課題を解決するために、検出用管体(検出用容器
を含む)にマイクロ波送・受信系を対向配置し、前記検
出用管体内容器内の基準となる流体中にマイクロ波を伝
播させて得られる、或いは基準となる回路に伝搬差せて
得られる位相遅れθA と、前記検出用管体内の被測定物
質を含む被測定流体中にマイクロ波を伝播させて得られ
る位相遅れθB とを用いて、 位相差△θ=θB −θA
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention corresponding to claim 1 is arranged such that a microwave transmission / reception system is arranged opposite to a detection tube (including a detection container), and the detection is performed. A phase delay θ A obtained by propagating a microwave in a fluid serving as a reference in a vessel for use in the vessel or obtained by propagating a microwave in a reference circuit, and an object containing a substance to be measured in the detection vessel. Using the phase delay θ B obtained by propagating the microwave in the measurement fluid, the phase difference Δθ = θ B −θ A

【0012】なる演算式によって位相差△θを求めた
後、この位相差△θから被測定流体の濃度を測定する濃
度計にあって、前記検出用管体の管軸を挟んで相対向す
るように開口窓部を形成し、かつ、当該開口窓部にアン
テナ取付け用絶縁体を気密に取付け、さらに当該アンテ
ナ取付け用絶縁体に前記マイクロ波送・受信系のアンテ
ナを密着して取付けたものである。
In a densitometer for measuring the concentration of a fluid to be measured from the phase difference Δθ after obtaining the phase difference Δθ by the following arithmetic expression, the phase difference Δθ is opposed to each other with the tube axis of the detection tube body interposed therebetween. Such that the opening window portion is formed, and the antenna mounting insulator is airtightly attached to the opening window portion, and the antenna of the microwave transmitting / receiving system is closely attached to the antenna mounting insulator. Is.

【0013】次に、請求項2に対応する発明は、アンテ
ナ開口部には誘電体を充填してアンテナを小形化すると
ともにインピーダンス整合しやすくするものである。ま
た、検出用管体のマイクロ波送・受信アンテナ取付部の
形状に合わせて、この誘電体の表面を加工することによ
り、密着性を向上でき、電波の漏洩を極力少なくするこ
とができる。つまり、例えばわん曲面等にも取付可能と
なる。
Next, the invention according to claim 2 is to fill the antenna opening with a dielectric to make the antenna compact and to facilitate impedance matching. Further, by processing the surface of this dielectric according to the shape of the microwave transmitting / receiving antenna mounting portion of the detection tube, the adhesion can be improved and the leakage of radio waves can be minimized. That is, it can be attached to a curved surface, for example.

【0014】さらに、請求項3に対応する発明は、アン
テナ取付け用絶縁体として、アンテナの開口部に充填し
た誘電体の材質と同じ材質のものか、または誘電率,透
磁率の値が近い材質のものを用いて構成するものであ
る。
Further, in the invention according to claim 3, as the insulator for mounting the antenna, the same material as the material of the dielectric material filled in the opening portion of the antenna, or a material having similar values of dielectric constant and magnetic permeability is used. It is configured by using.

【0015】[0015]

【作用】従って、請求項1,2に対応する発明は以上の
ような手段を講じたことにより、被測定物質を含まない
流体中および被測定物質を含む被測定流体中にマイクロ
波を伝播させてそれぞれ位相遅れθA ,θB を測定し、
これら位相遅れθA ,θB から位相差△θを求めた後、
予め定めた既知濃度と位相差との関係を表す検量線を用
いて被測定流体の濃度を測定するので、流体中に気泡が
含まれている場合でもマイクロ波はその気泡に影響され
ずに伝播して被測定物質の濃度を測定でき、また流体中
に懸濁物質が溶解している場合でもその溶解物質の影響
を受けつつマイクロ波が伝播して受信系に到達するの
で、同様に適切に濃度を測定できる。
Therefore, according to the inventions corresponding to claims 1 and 2, by taking the above means, the microwave is propagated in the fluid not containing the substance to be measured and the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured. And measure the phase delays θ A and θ B respectively,
After obtaining the phase difference Δθ from these phase delays θ A and θ B ,
Since the concentration of the fluid to be measured is measured using a calibration curve that represents the relationship between the predetermined known concentration and the phase difference, the microwave propagates without being affected by the bubbles even if the fluid contains bubbles. The concentration of the substance to be measured can be measured, and even when the suspended substance is dissolved in the fluid, the microwave propagates and reaches the receiving system while being affected by the dissolved substance. The concentration can be measured.

【0016】さらに、検出用管体の管軸を挟んで相対向
する位置の開口窓部にアンテナ取付け用絶縁体を介して
マイクロ波送・受信系のアンテナを密着して取付け、し
かも当該アンテナ取付け用絶縁体には、アンテナの開口
部に充填した誘電体の材質と同じ材質のものか、または
この部材の誘電率,透磁率の値が近い材質のものを用い
ることにより、絶縁体の接触境界面でのマイクロ波の反
射を小さくでき、マイクロ波を効率よく入射,出射でき
る。
Further, an antenna for microwave transmission / reception system is closely attached to an opening window portion at a position facing each other with the tube axis of the detection tube interposed therebetween, and the antenna is attached. For the insulator, use the same material as the material of the dielectric material that fills the opening of the antenna, or use a material whose dielectric constant and magnetic permeability values are close to each other. The reflection of microwaves on the surface can be reduced, and microwaves can be efficiently input and output.

【0017】[0017]

【実施例】以下、本発明に係わる濃度計の濃度測定原理
について図1を参照して説明する。一般に、マイクロ波
は、金属管を用いた場合には管壁を通ることなく管外側
を伝播することから問題があり、また絶縁性の管,容器
を用いた場合でもアンテナの取付け状態いかんによって
マイクロ波の反射が問題となる。従って、本発明の濃度
計は、かかる問題を解決しつつマイクロ波の受信波の位
相遅れを利用し、被測定流体の濃度を測定することにあ
る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The principle of density measurement of a densitometer according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In general, microwaves have a problem in that when a metal tube is used, they propagate outside the tube without passing through the tube wall, and even when an insulating tube or container is used, the microwave may be different depending on how the antenna is mounted. Wave reflection becomes a problem. Therefore, the densitometer of the present invention is to measure the concentration of the fluid to be measured by utilizing the phase delay of the received wave of the microwave while solving such a problem.

【0018】すなわち、この濃度計は、絶縁性の管,容
器または一部絶縁体を取付けてなる金属管(以下、絶縁
性管体と指称する)11の両側面外部にマイクロ波の送
信アンテナ12および受信アンテナ13を密着させた状
態で対向配置し、その送信アンテナ11側からマイクロ
波を送信する。
That is, in this densitometer, a microwave transmitting antenna 12 is provided outside both side surfaces of an insulating tube, a container, or a metal tube (hereinafter referred to as an insulating tube) 11 having an insulator attached. The receiving antenna 13 and the receiving antenna 13 are arranged in close contact with each other, and microwaves are transmitted from the transmitting antenna 11 side.

【0019】このとき、同図(a)のように絶縁性管体
11内にゼロ水14が入っている場合、そのマイクロ波
は絶縁性管壁を通ってゼロ水14の流体中を伝播しつつ
反対側の受信アンテナ13で受信されるが、このときの
マイクロ波受信波の位相遅れをθA とする。
At this time, when the zero water 14 is contained in the insulating tube body 11 as shown in FIG. 3A, the microwave propagates through the insulating tube wall in the fluid of the zero water 14. While being received by the receiving antenna 13 on the opposite side, the phase delay of the microwave reception wave at this time is set to θ A.

【0020】一方、同図(b)に示すように絶縁性管体
11内に被測定物質を含む被測定流体が入つている場
合、送信アンテナ12からマイクロ波を送信し、同じく
絶縁性管壁を通って被測定物質を含む被測定流体中を伝
播しつつ反対側の受信アンテナ13で受信したときの位
相遅れをθB となる。ところで、これら両位相遅れ
θA ,θB はそれぞれ次のような理論式から求めること
ができる。
On the other hand, when the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured is contained in the insulating tube body 11 as shown in FIG. 1B, microwaves are transmitted from the transmitting antenna 12 and the insulating tube wall is also subjected to microwave transmission. The phase delay when it is received by the receiving antenna 13 on the opposite side while propagating through the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured is θ B. By the way, both of these phase delays θ A and θ B can be obtained from the following theoretical formulas.

【0021】[0021]

【数1】 但し、c0 :真空中での電波の伝播速度 d :被測定流体層の厚さ(距離) ω :入射するマイクロ波の角周波数 ε0 :真空の誘電率 εW :ゼロ水の比誘電率 εS :被測定流体の比誘電率 σW :ゼロ水の導電率 σ :被測定流体の導電率 そこで、これら両位相遅れθA ,θB から位相差△θ
は、
[Equation 1] Where c 0 : propagation velocity of radio wave in vacuum d: thickness of measured fluid layer (distance) ω: angular frequency of incident microwave ε 0 : permittivity of vacuum ε W : relative permittivity of zero water ε S : relative permittivity of the fluid to be measured σ W : conductivity of zero water σ: electrical conductivity of the fluid to be measured Therefore, a phase difference Δθ from these two phase delays θ A and θ B
Is

【0022】[0022]

【数2】 [Equation 2]

【0023】で表される。従って、被測定物質を含む被
測定流体の濃度を測定する場合、前記図1(a),
(b)の測定原理に基づいて位相遅れθA ,θB を測定
し、前記(3)式に基づいて位相差△θ=θB −θA
求めた後、予め定めた既知濃度と位相差との関係を示す
検量線を用いれば、測定された位相差△θから被測定流
体の濃度を測定できる。
It is represented by Therefore, when the concentration of the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured is measured,
The phase delays θ A and θ B are measured based on the measurement principle of (b), and the phase difference Δθ = θ B −θ A is calculated based on the equation (3), and then the predetermined known concentration and position are obtained. By using a calibration curve showing the relationship with the phase difference, the concentration of the fluid to be measured can be measured from the measured phase difference Δθ.

【0024】次に、本発明に係わる濃度計の一実施例に
ついて図2および図3を参照して説明する。なお、図2
は濃度計の全体構成図、図3は濃度計の要部構成を示す
図である。これらの図において21,21′は上流側配
管および下流側配管であって、これら両配管21,2
1′の間にはそれぞれ仕切り弁22,22′を介して濃
度検出用管体23が介在されている。この濃度検出用管
体23には給水バルブ24および排水バルブ25が設け
られ、外部からゼロ水を導入できる構成となっている。
Next, an embodiment of the densitometer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that FIG.
FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the densitometer, and FIG. In these figures, reference numerals 21 and 21 'denote an upstream side pipe and a downstream side pipe, respectively.
A concentration detecting tube body 23 is interposed between the 1's via the sluice valves 22 and 22 ', respectively. The concentration detecting pipe body 23 is provided with a water supply valve 24 and a drainage valve 25 so that zero water can be introduced from the outside.

【0025】この濃度検出用管体23は、具体的には図
3に示すように管軸を挟んで相対向する位置にそれぞれ
マイクロ波入射・出射用の開口窓部23a,23a′が
形成され、この開口窓部23a,23a′に気密用シー
ルパッキン23b,23b′を介してアンテナ取付け用
板23c,23c′が取付けられている。このアンテナ
取付け用板23c,23c′は図示するようにマイクロ
波の入射および出射相当部分のみ気密性を保持するよう
に絶縁物23d,23d′が嵌合され、或いは全体を絶
縁物としたものが用いられる。
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the concentration detecting tube body 23 has opening windows 23a and 23a 'for microwave incidence / emission, which are opposed to each other across the tube axis. Antenna mounting plates 23c and 23c 'are attached to the opening windows 23a and 23a' through airtight seal packings 23b and 23b '. As shown in the figure, the antenna mounting plates 23c and 23c 'are fitted with insulators 23d and 23d' so as to maintain the airtightness only in the portions corresponding to the incidence and the emission of microwaves, or those made entirely of insulators. Used.

【0026】これらのアンテナ取付け用板23c,23
c′にはそれぞれ個別に送信アンテナ28および受信ア
ンテナ29が密着して取付けられる。なお、これらアン
テナ28,29の開口部28′,29′にはセラミック
などの誘電体30,30′が充填されている。
These antenna mounting plates 23c, 23
A transmitting antenna 28 and a receiving antenna 29 are individually attached in close contact with c '. The openings 28 'and 29' of the antennas 28 and 29 are filled with dielectrics 30 and 30 'such as ceramics.

【0027】一方、アンテナ取付け用板23c,23
c′にアンテナ28,29が密着されるが、送信アンテ
ナ28からのマイクロ波の送信時および絶縁物23d′
を通ってくるマイクロ波の受信アンテナ29による受信
時、当該アンテナ28,29と絶縁物23d,23d′
との接触境界面で伝播するマイクロ波の一部が反射す
る。そこで、前記接触境界面でのマイクロ波の反射を小
さくするために、絶縁物23d,23d′にはアンテナ
28,29の開口部に充填されている誘電体30,3
0′の材質と同一の材質のもの、或いは誘電率,透磁率
の値が近い材質のものを用いるものとする。その理由
は、マイクロ波の反射係数は、
On the other hand, the antenna mounting plates 23c, 23
The antennas 28 and 29 are closely attached to c ', but when the microwave is transmitted from the transmitting antenna 28 and the insulator 23d'
At the time of reception by the reception antenna 29 of microwaves passing through, the antennas 28 and 29 and the insulators 23d and 23d '
A part of the microwave propagating at the contact boundary surface with is reflected. Therefore, in order to reduce the reflection of microwaves on the contact boundary surface, the insulators 23d and 23d 'are filled with dielectrics 30 and 3 filled in the openings of the antennas 28 and 29.
It is assumed that the same material as the material of 0 ', or a material having similar values of dielectric constant and magnetic permeability is used. The reason is that the reflection coefficient of microwave is

【0028】[0028]

【数3】 [Equation 3]

【0029】のように互いに比例関係にあるためであ
る。ここで、εS1,μS1はそれぞれアンテナ28,29
の開口部に充填されている誘電体の比誘電率,比透磁
率、εS2,μS2は絶縁物23d,23d′の比誘電率,
比透磁率である。通常,μS1とμS2はほぼ1であるの
で、絶縁物23d,23d′の比透磁率εS2はεS1にで
きるだけ近い値の方が反射が小さく、さらにεS2=εS1
で、かつ、絶縁物23d,23d′にアンテナ28,2
9を密着できれば反射を殆んど零にすることができる。
This is because they have a proportional relationship with each other. Here, ε S1 and μ S1 are antennas 28 and 29, respectively.
Relative permittivity and relative magnetic permeability of the dielectric material filled in the opening of, and ε S2 and μ S2 are relative permittivities of the insulators 23d and 23d ′,
It is the relative permeability. Usually, μ S1 and μ S2 are almost 1, so that the relative permeability ε S2 of the insulators 23d and 23d ′ is as close as possible to ε S1 , the reflection is smaller, and further ε S2 = ε S1
And the antennas 28 and 2 are attached to the insulators 23d and 23d '.
If 9 can be closely attached, the reflection can be almost zero.

【0030】次に、再び図2に戻って濃度計の構成につ
いて説明する。この濃度計の送信系にはマイクロ波を発
生するマイクロ波発振器31が設けられ、この発振器3
1の出力はパワースプリッタ32を介して送信アンテナ
28に送られる。一方、受信系では前記受信アンテナ2
9に位相測定器33が設けられ、この位相測定器33に
は受信アンテナ29からのマイクロ波受信波だけでな
く、比較参照用信号として前記パワースプリッタ32か
らマイクロ波送信波の一部が供給されている。
Next, returning to FIG. 2 again, the configuration of the densitometer will be described. The transmission system of this densitometer is provided with a microwave oscillator 31 that generates microwaves.
The output of 1 is sent to the transmitting antenna 28 via the power splitter 32. On the other hand, in the receiving system, the receiving antenna 2
9 is provided with a phase measuring device 33, and not only the microwave receiving wave from the receiving antenna 29 but also a part of the microwave transmitting wave from the power splitter 32 is supplied to the phase measuring device 33 as a comparison reference signal. ing.

【0031】この位相測定器33には、図1(a),
(b)の測定条件時の位相遅れθA ,θB を測定する位
相遅れ測定手段33a、これら位相遅れデータを記憶す
る測定データ記憶手段33bおよび位相差△θを求める
位相差演算手段33cが設けられている。34は位相測
定器33から位相差に相当する信号を受けて濃度に対応
した信号例えば濃度0〜5%を4〜20mAの電流信号に
変換して出力する信号変換器である。次に、以上のよう
に構成された濃度計の濃度測定動作について説明する。
This phase measuring device 33 has a structure shown in FIG.
(B) Phase delay measuring means 33a for measuring the phase delays θ A and θ B under the measurement conditions, measurement data storage means 33b for storing the phase delay data, and phase difference calculating means 33c for obtaining the phase difference Δθ are provided. Has been. A signal converter 34 receives a signal corresponding to the phase difference from the phase measuring device 33 and converts a signal corresponding to the density, for example, a density of 0 to 5% into a current signal of 4 to 20 mA and outputs the current signal. Next, the concentration measuring operation of the densitometer configured as described above will be described.

【0032】先ず、濃度検出用管体23内に濃度ゼロの
ゼロ水(例えば水道水)を導入して位相遅れθA を測定
する。ここで、位相遅れとは位相比較器33でのマイク
ロ波送信波に対するマイクロ波受信波の位相の遅れを意
味する。
First, zero water (for example, tap water) having a zero concentration is introduced into the concentration detecting pipe 23 to measure the phase delay θ A. Here, the phase delay means a phase delay of the microwave reception wave with respect to the microwave transmission wave in the phase comparator 33.

【0033】この位相遅れθA の測定に際し、仕切弁2
2,22′を閉成した後、排水バルブ25を開けて管体
23内の汚泥を排出し、しかる後、給水バルブ24を開
けて水道水を供給して管体23内の汚れを洗浄した後、
排水バルブ25を閉じて管体23内に水道水を満ぱい状
態にする。
When measuring the phase delay θ A , the sluice valve 2
After closing 2, 22 ', the drain valve 25 is opened to discharge the sludge in the pipe body 23, and then the water supply valve 24 is opened to supply tap water to wash the stain in the pipe body 23. rear,
The drain valve 25 is closed to fill the pipe 23 with tap water.

【0034】このような状態において発振器31からマ
イクロ波信号を発生すると、このマイクロ波はパワース
プリッタ32を通って送信アンテナ28から送信され、
管体23内の水道水を伝播して受信アンテナ29によっ
て受信される。この受信アンテナ29によるマイクロ波
受信波は位相測定器33へ送られる。この位相測定器3
3にはパワースプリッタ32からマイクロ波送信波の一
部が送られてきている。
When a microwave signal is generated from the oscillator 31 in such a state, the microwave is transmitted from the transmitting antenna 28 through the power splitter 32,
The tap water in the pipe body 23 propagates and is received by the receiving antenna 29. The microwave received by the receiving antenna 29 is sent to the phase measuring device 33. This phase measuring instrument 3
Part of the microwave transmission wave is sent from the power splitter 32 to 3.

【0035】ここで、位相測定器33の位相遅れ測定手
段33aでは、マイクロ波送信波とマイクロ波受信波と
の比較によって位相遅れθA を測定し、この測定された
位相遅れθA を自身の測定データ記憶手段33bに格納
する。
Here, the phase delay measuring means 33a of the phase measuring device 33 measures the phase delay θ A by comparing the microwave transmission wave and the microwave reception wave, and measures the measured phase delay θ A by itself. It is stored in the measurement data storage means 33b.

【0036】しかる後、排水バルブ25を開けて管体2
3内の水道水を排出した後、仕切弁22,22′を開け
て被測定物質を含む被測定流体を流し、位相遅れθB
測定する。つまり、被測定物質を含む被測定流体を流し
た状態で所定の周期または時々刻々マイクロ波を送信
し、位相測定器33にて位相遅れθB を測定して測定デ
ータ記憶手段33bに格納し、必要に応じて順次更新し
ながら格納する。
After that, the drain valve 25 is opened to open the pipe body 2.
After the tap water in 3 is discharged, the sluice valves 22 and 22 'are opened to allow the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured to flow, and the phase delay θ B is measured. That is, microwaves are transmitted at a predetermined cycle or every moment in a state where the fluid to be measured containing the substance to be measured is flown, the phase delay θ B is measured by the phase measuring device 33 and stored in the measurement data storage means 33b, Store while updating sequentially as needed.

【0037】さらに、位相測定器33の位相差演算手段
33cは、この位相遅れθB と既に測定ずみのゼロ水供
給時の位相遅れθA とを記憶手段33bから読み出し
て、 △θ=θB −θA
Further, the phase difference calculating means 33c of the phase measuring device 33 reads out the phase delay θ B and the phase delay θ A at the time of zero water supply which has already been measured from the storage means 33b, and Δθ = θ B −θ A

【0038】なる演算式に基づいて位相差△θを求めて
信号変換器34に送出する。この信号変換器34では、
位相差△θを受け取ると、予め既知濃度と位相差との関
係,すなわち検量線に従って濃度を求めるとともに、こ
の濃度に対応する信号に変換して出力する。
The phase difference Δθ is calculated based on the following equation and is sent to the signal converter 34. In this signal converter 34,
When the phase difference Δθ is received, the density is obtained in advance according to the relationship between the known density and the phase difference, that is, the calibration curve, and the signal corresponding to this density is converted and output.

【0039】ところで、本濃度計においては、検出用管
体23の管軸を挟んで相対向するように開口窓部23
a,23a′を形成し、かつ、この開口窓部23a,2
3a′にアンテナ取付け用板23c,23c′を気密に
取付け、このアンテナ取付け用板23c,23c′に前
記マイクロ波送・受信系のアンテナ28,29を密着し
て取付け、しかも絶縁物23d,23d′には、前記ア
ンテナ28,29の開口部内に充填された誘電体の材質
と同じ材質のものか、または誘電率,透磁率の値が近い
材質のものを用いることにより、前記(4)式に基づく
反射係数をほぼ零にすることができ、アンテナ28,2
9と絶縁物23d,23d′との接触境界面でのマイク
ロ波の反射を小さくし、マイクロ波の入射および出射を
効率よく行うことができる。
By the way, in the present densitometer, the opening window portion 23 is disposed so as to face each other with the tube axis of the detecting tube body 23 interposed therebetween.
a, 23a 'are formed and the opening window portions 23a, 2a
Antenna mounting plates 23c and 23c 'are airtightly attached to 3a', and the antennas 28 and 29 of the microwave transmission / reception system are closely attached to the antenna mounting plates 23c and 23c ', and the insulators 23d and 23d are also attached. For ′, by using the same material as the material of the dielectric material filled in the openings of the antennas 28 and 29, or the material of which the values of permittivity and magnetic permeability are close, The reflection coefficient based on
It is possible to reduce the reflection of microwaves on the contact boundary surface between the insulating layer 9 and the insulators 23d and 23d ', and to efficiently input and output microwaves.

【0040】なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるも
のではない。例えば上記実施例では汚泥が流れている状
態で測定したが、静止状態で濃度測定してもよい。ま
た、汚泥に限らず他の流体の濃度を測定する場合にも適
用できる。また、実施例では、濃度0%の液体を基準と
して述べたが、厳密にゼロでなくても測定範囲から考え
て濃度ゼロとみなせる液体を用いてもよく、またある既
知濃度の被測定物質を含むもの、或いは一定の伝播特性
をもつ回路を基準として用いてもよい。また、検出用管
体23に代えて容器またはバイパス管を用い、かつ、図
3に係わる構成を採用して濃度を測定してもよい。その
他、本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形して
実施できる。
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the measurement was carried out while the sludge was flowing, but the concentration may be measured in a stationary state. Further, it is applicable not only to sludge but also to the measurement of the concentration of other fluids. Further, in the examples, the liquid having a concentration of 0% was described as a reference, but a liquid which can be regarded as zero concentration in consideration of the measurement range may be used even if it is not strictly zero, and a substance to be measured having a certain known concentration A circuit including or having a certain propagation characteristic may be used as a reference. Further, instead of the detection tube body 23, a container or a bypass tube may be used, and the concentration may be measured by adopting the configuration shown in FIG. Besides, the present invention can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the invention.

【0041】[0041]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、マ
イクロ波を用いて濃度を測定するので、被測定物質の付
着や流体中の気泡の影響を受けずに被測定物質の濃度を
測定でき、また流体中に被測定物質が完全に溶解してい
る場合でも容易に濃度を測定できる。また、マイクロ波
を用いる方式であるが、検出用管体本体に金属性のもの
を用いることにより堅牢化構造とすることができ、しか
もアンテナを小形化することができ、さらにアンテナと
アンテナ取付け用絶縁板との接触境界面でのマイクロ波
の反射,漏洩を小さくすることが可能であり、これによ
ってマイクロ波の入・出射効率を上げることができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, since the concentration is measured by using the microwave, the concentration of the substance to be measured can be measured without being influenced by the adherence of the substance to be measured or the bubbles in the fluid. Even if the substance to be measured is completely dissolved in the fluid, the concentration can be easily measured. In addition, although it is a method that uses a microwave, a robust structure can be achieved by using a metal tube body for detection, and the antenna can be downsized. It is possible to reduce the reflection and leakage of microwaves at the contact interface with the insulating plate, which can improve the efficiency of entering and emitting microwaves.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】 濃度計の濃度測定原理を説明する図。FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of concentration measurement of a densitometer.

【図2】 濃度計の一実施例を示す全体構成図。FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a densitometer.

【図3】 濃度計のアンテナ取付け部分の要部詳細図。FIG. 3 is a detailed view of an essential part of an antenna mounting portion of the densitometer.

【図4】 従来の濃度計の概略構成を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional densitometer.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

23…検出用管体、23a,23a…開口窓部、23
c,23c′…アンテナ取付け用板、23d,23d′
…絶縁物、28…マイクロ波送信アンテナ、29…マイ
クロ波受信アンテナ、31…マイクロ波発振器、32…
パワースプリッタ、33…位相測定器、34…信号変換
器。
23 ... Detecting tube, 23a, 23a ... Opening window, 23
c, 23c '... Antenna mounting plate, 23d, 23d'
... Insulator, 28 ... Microwave transmitting antenna, 29 ... Microwave receiving antenna, 31 ... Microwave oscillator, 32 ...
Power splitter, 33 ... Phase measuring device, 34 ... Signal converter.

フロントページの続き (72)発明者 鈴木 務 東京都世田谷区粕谷三丁目26番22号 (72)発明者 荒井 郁男 東京都世田谷区船橋一丁目48番31号 (72)発明者 山口 征治 東京都府中市東芝町1番地 株式会社東芝 府中工場内Front page continuation (72) Inventor Tsutomu Suzuki 3-26-22, Kasuya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Ikuo Arai 1-48-31, Funabashi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Seiji Yamaguchi Tokyo Fuchu No. 1 Toshiba Town, Shizuoka City

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 検出用管体または検出用容器にマイクロ
波送・受信系を対向配置し、前記検出用管体内または検
出用容器内の基準となる流体中にマイクロ波を伝播させ
て得られる、或いは基準となる回路に伝播させて得られ
る第1の位相遅れと、前記検出用管体内または検出用容
器内の被測定物質を含む被測定流体中にマイクロ波を伝
播させて得られる第2の位相遅れとから位相差を求め、
この位相差から前記被測定流体の濃度を測定する濃度計
において、 前記検出用管体または検出用容器の中心軸を挟んで対向
するように開口窓部を形成するとともに、この開口窓部
にアンテナ取付け用絶縁体を気密に取付け、このアンテ
ナ取付け用絶縁体に前記マイクロ波送・受信系のアンテ
ナを密着して取付けることを特徴とする濃度計。
1. A microwave transmission / reception system is arranged opposite to a detection tube or a detection container, and microwaves are propagated in a reference fluid in the detection tube or the detection container. Alternatively, a first phase delay obtained by propagating to a reference circuit and a second phase delay obtained by propagating a microwave into a fluid to be measured containing a substance to be measured in the detection tube or the detection container. The phase difference is calculated from the phase delay of
In the densitometer for measuring the concentration of the fluid to be measured from the phase difference, an opening window is formed so as to face each other with the central axis of the detection tube or the detection container interposed therebetween, and the antenna is provided in the opening window. A densitometer, wherein an attachment insulator is attached in an airtight manner, and the antenna of the microwave transmission / reception system is attached in close contact with the antenna attachment insulator.
【請求項2】 アンテナの開口部内に誘電体を充填した
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の濃度計。
2. The densitometer according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the antenna is filled with a dielectric material.
【請求項3】 アンテナ取付け用絶縁体は、前記アンテ
ナの開口部内に充填された誘電体の材質と同じ材質のも
のか、または誘電率,透磁率の値が近い材質のものを用
いることを特徴とする請求項1記載の濃度計。
3. The antenna mounting insulator is made of the same material as the material of the dielectric material filled in the opening of the antenna, or of a material having similar values of dielectric constant and magnetic permeability. The densitometer according to claim 1.
JP04561392A 1992-03-03 1992-03-03 Densitometer Expired - Lifetime JP3199815B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04561392A JP3199815B2 (en) 1992-03-03 1992-03-03 Densitometer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04561392A JP3199815B2 (en) 1992-03-03 1992-03-03 Densitometer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05322801A true JPH05322801A (en) 1993-12-07
JP3199815B2 JP3199815B2 (en) 2001-08-20

Family

ID=12724228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP04561392A Expired - Lifetime JP3199815B2 (en) 1992-03-03 1992-03-03 Densitometer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3199815B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1183758A (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-26 Toshiba Joho Seigyo Syst Kk Densitometer
US6427521B2 (en) 1998-07-10 2002-08-06 Metso Field Systems Oy. Method and measuring arrangement for measuring gas content of fluid
WO2006070948A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-06 Sumitomo Chemical Co Gas detection system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1183758A (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-26 Toshiba Joho Seigyo Syst Kk Densitometer
US6427521B2 (en) 1998-07-10 2002-08-06 Metso Field Systems Oy. Method and measuring arrangement for measuring gas content of fluid
WO2006070948A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-06 Sumitomo Chemical Co Gas detection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3199815B2 (en) 2001-08-20

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