JPH05303055A - Visual display device - Google Patents
Visual display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05303055A JPH05303055A JP4106912A JP10691292A JPH05303055A JP H05303055 A JPH05303055 A JP H05303055A JP 4106912 A JP4106912 A JP 4106912A JP 10691292 A JP10691292 A JP 10691292A JP H05303055 A JPH05303055 A JP H05303055A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- image
- optical system
- display device
- center
- visual display
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 210000005252 bulbus oculi Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004418 eye rotation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102220047090 rs6152 Human genes 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ポータブル型視覚表示
装置に関し、特に、観察者の頭部又は顔面に保持するこ
とを可能とする頭部又は顔面装着式視覚表示装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a portable visual display device, and more particularly to a head- or face-mounted visual display device that can be held on the head or face of an observer.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、顔面装着式視覚表示装置として、
図５に平面図を示したようなものが知られている（米国
特許第４０２６６４１号）。これは、ＣＲＴのような画
像表示素子４６の像を画像伝達素子２５で物体面１２に
伝達し、この物体面１２の像をトーリック反射面１０に
よって空中に投影するようにしたものである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a face-mounted visual display device,
There is known one having a plan view shown in FIG. 5 (US Pat. No. 4,026,641). In this system, the image of the image display element 46 such as a CRT is transmitted to the object plane 12 by the image transmission element 25, and the image of the object plane 12 is projected into the air by the toric reflection surface 10.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記従来例
のように、トーリック面を反射鏡に用いた場合には、図
６に示すような像歪が発生し（同図において、点線は理
想的像位置を示し、実線はこの光学系の結像位置を示
す。）、また、楕円面を反射鏡に用いた場合には、図７
に示すような像歪みが発生し、また、球面を用いた場合
も同様である。これは、光軸を屈曲（角度偏向）させる
ように反射鏡を偏心して配置するために、光軸が屈曲す
る面内と直交する方向、図６、７においてはＸ’軸方向
の像歪みがＹ’軸の正方向と負の方向で異なってくるこ
とによる。By the way, when the toric surface is used for the reflecting mirror as in the above-mentioned conventional example, image distortion as shown in FIG. 6 occurs (the dotted line in FIG. The image position is shown, and the solid line shows the image forming position of this optical system. In addition, when an elliptical surface is used for the reflecting mirror, FIG.
Image distortion occurs as shown in (3), and the same applies when a spherical surface is used. This is because the reflecting mirror is eccentrically arranged so as to bend (angle-deflect) the optical axis, and thus image distortion in the direction orthogonal to the plane in which the optical axis bends, that is, in the X′-axis direction in FIGS. This is because the positive and negative directions of the Y'axis are different.
【０００４】そのため、両眼で同時に同じ像を観察する
際に、右目と左目で同一方向の像を観察しようとした場
合に、像の大きさが異なり、像が融像し難くなったり、
全く融像できずに二重像に観察されたり、疲労感を伴っ
たりする。Therefore, when observing the same image with both eyes at the same time, when the right eye and the left eye try to observe the image in the same direction, the sizes of the images are different and the images are difficult to fuse,
It cannot be fused at all, and it is observed as a double image or accompanied by a feeling of fatigue.
【０００５】さらに、左右で視差を持った像を観察さ
せ、立体視を行おうとした場合に、左右の像が融像しな
いと、立体感が得られなくなってしまう。Further, when an image having parallax on the left and right is observed and stereoscopic vision is to be performed, the stereoscopic effect cannot be obtained unless the left and right images are fused.
【０００６】本発明はこのような問題点を解決するため
になされたものであり、その目的は、ディストーション
の少ない像を観察することができるポータブル型視覚表
示装置を提供することである。The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a portable visual display device capable of observing an image with less distortion.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成する本発
明の視覚表示装置は、観察像を表示する２次元画像表示
素子と、該２次元画像表示素子の実像を空中に投影する
リレー光学系と、その実像を空中に拡大投影すると共に
光軸を屈曲させる接眼光学系とからなる視覚表示装置に
おいて、前記リレー光学系の一部又は全部が、その光軸
が物体中心と像中心を結んだ直線より物体面の法線方向
に傾くように配置されていることを特徴とするものであ
る。A visual display device of the present invention which achieves the above object comprises a two-dimensional image display element for displaying an observation image and a relay optical system for projecting a real image of the two-dimensional image display element in the air. In the visual display device, which comprises an eyepiece optical system that magnifies and projects the real image in the air and bends the optical axis, part or all of the relay optical system has its optical axis connecting the object center and the image center. It is characterized in that it is arranged so as to be inclined from the straight line in the direction normal to the object plane.
【０００８】この場合、リレー光学系の一部又は全部の
光軸を物体中心と像中心を結んだ直線より物体面の法線
方向に傾ける角度をθとするとき、 θ＞２° ・・・（１） なる条件を満足するようにすることが望ましい。In this case, when the angle of inclining the optical axis of part or all of the relay optical system in the direction normal to the object plane with respect to the straight line connecting the object center and the image center is θ> 2 ° ... (1) It is desirable to satisfy the following condition.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】以下、上記構成を採用した理由と作用について
説明する。顔面装着式視覚表示装置にとって、装置全体
の大きさを小さくすることが、装着性を損なわなくする
ために重要な点となる。また、大きな画角を確保するこ
とは、画像観察時の臨場感を上げるために必要である。
装置全体を小さくするには、観察者の眼球前部に配置し
て像を空中に投影する働きと画像表示素子からくる光軸
を屈曲（角度偏向）させる働きとを持つ反射鏡と眼球と
の距離を短くする必要がある。一方、大きな画角を確保
するためには、この反射鏡が大きくなる。また、その反
射面は、凹面でない場合、画像表示素子を大きなものと
しないと、大きな画角を確保することが難しくなり、装
置全体が大きなものとなってしまう。The function and operation of adopting the above configuration will be described below. For the face-mounted visual display device, it is important to reduce the size of the entire device in order to prevent the wearability. In addition, it is necessary to secure a large angle of view in order to increase the sense of reality during image observation.
In order to reduce the size of the entire device, a reflector and an eyeball that are placed in front of the eyeball of the observer to project an image in the air and to bend (angle-deflect) the optical axis coming from the image display element are used. It is necessary to shorten the distance. On the other hand, in order to secure a large angle of view, this reflecting mirror becomes large. If the reflecting surface is not a concave surface, it becomes difficult to secure a large angle of view unless the image display element is made large, and the entire device becomes large.
【００１０】以上の２点から、顔面装着式視覚表示装置
の光学的配置は、観察者の眼球直前に比較的大きな凹面
鏡を配置することが必要となる。From the above two points, in the optical arrangement of the face-mounted visual display device, it is necessary to arrange a relatively large concave mirror in front of the observer's eyes.
【００１１】ところが、この反射鏡を凹面鏡にすると、
広い観察画角を確保するために画角が大きくなり、さら
に光軸を屈曲させている偏心系のため、図６、７に示す
ような台形の像歪みが発生する。ここで、光軸とは、観
察者眼球の虹彩中心又は眼球回旋中心を通過する光線
で、２次元表示素子の表示中心を射出する、いわゆる軸
上光線を言う。However, if this reflecting mirror is a concave mirror,
The angle of view is increased to secure a wide observation angle of view, and the eccentric system in which the optical axis is bent further causes trapezoidal image distortion as shown in FIGS. Here, the optical axis is a light ray that passes through the center of the iris of the eyeball of the observer or the center of rotation of the eyeball, and is a so-called on-axis light ray that exits the display center of the two-dimensional display element.
【００１２】上記ディストーションを補正するために、
本発明では、２次元画像表示素子の実像を空中に投影す
るリレー光学系を配置し、その実像を凹面鏡からなる接
眼光学系により空中に拡大投影し、同時に光軸を観察者
の眼へ屈曲させる配置において、像リレー光学系に偏心
面を持つレンズ系を利用することにより、このようなデ
ィストーションを補正するものである。In order to correct the above distortion,
In the present invention, a relay optical system for projecting a real image of a two-dimensional image display device in the air is arranged, and the real image is enlarged and projected in the air by an eyepiece optical system consisting of a concave mirror, and at the same time, the optical axis is bent to the observer's eye. In the arrangement, such distortion is corrected by using a lens system having an eccentric surface in the image relay optical system.
【００１３】つまり、リレー光学系に偏心レンズ等を用
いて、空中に投影される像に予め接眼光学系で発生する
像歪を打ち消すような像歪を発生させておく。この方法
により、観察者の眼で観察する像には、上記像歪みを発
生させないことが可能となる。That is, an eccentric lens or the like is used in the relay optical system to generate image distortion that cancels image distortion generated in the eyepiece optical system in advance in the image projected in the air. This method makes it possible to prevent the image distortion from occurring in the image observed by the observer's eyes.
【００１４】一般的に、カメラレンズ等で行われている
アオリ撮影の方法によって、台形状の像歪みが補正でき
ることが知られている。図４（ａ）に低い位置から高い
ビルディング等を撮影する場合に写る像を示してある
が、図中の像のように、ビルディングの高い所程カメラ
レンズから遠いために、小さく写り、低い所は大きく写
ってしまう。これを補正するために、図４（ｂ）に示す
ように、レンズの光軸を上側に平行に移動して、カメラ
を時計方向に回転させ、物体中心と像中心を結ぶ直線に
対して光軸を角度Ａたけ傾けると、像の歪みが補正され
た写真が撮影される。It is generally known that the trapezoidal image distortion can be corrected by a tilting photographing method performed by a camera lens or the like. Fig. 4 (a) shows an image taken when shooting a tall building or the like from a low position. As shown in the image in the figure, the higher the building, the farther from the camera lens, the smaller and lower the image. Appears in a large size. In order to correct this, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the optical axis of the lens is moved in parallel to the upper side, and the camera is rotated in the clockwise direction, so that the light is directed to the straight line connecting the object center and the image center. If the axis is tilted by an angle A, a picture with the image distortion corrected is taken.
【００１５】しかし、本発明の場合は、この台形歪みを
積極的に発生させ、接眼光学系のもつ台形歪みと丁度打
ち消すべく、２次元画像表示素子の実像を空中に投影す
るリレー光学系を傾けるようにする。However, in the case of the present invention, the relay optical system for projecting the real image of the two-dimensional image display element in the air is tilted in order to positively generate this trapezoidal distortion and exactly cancel the trapezoidal distortion of the eyepiece optical system. To do so.
【００１６】収差補正上、接眼光学系を構成する画角の
大きな凹面反射鏡は大きなコマ収差を発生するため、こ
れを補正するためには、トーリック面、アナモフィック
面、楕円面等の反射鏡にすると、像周辺まで鮮明な像を
観察することが可能となる。しかし、定性的には、何れ
の凹面鏡を用いても、同じ台形歪みが生じる。この台形
歪みの方向は、観察者虹彩位置を基準に、光軸が屈曲す
る面と垂直方向の倍率が、光軸を屈曲する位置から遠い
方向では大きくなり、その反対側では小さくなる。これ
を補正するためには、図４に示したように、台形の長い
方の底辺から物体側にレンズ系を傾ける（図１、図４
（ａ）で時計回り方向）ようにすることにより、台形歪
みを良好に補正することができる。本発明はこの補正効
果を利用している。In terms of aberration correction, a concave reflecting mirror having a large angle of view which constitutes the eyepiece optical system generates a large coma aberration. Therefore, in order to correct this, a reflecting mirror such as a toric surface, an anamorphic surface or an elliptical surface is used. Then, a clear image can be observed up to the periphery of the image. However, qualitatively, the same trapezoidal distortion occurs regardless of which concave mirror is used. The direction of this trapezoidal distortion is such that the magnification in the direction perpendicular to the plane on which the optical axis is bent increases with respect to the observer's iris position in the direction away from the position where the optical axis is bent, and decreases on the opposite side. To correct this, as shown in FIG. 4, the lens system is tilted from the longer base of the trapezoid to the object side (FIGS. 1 and 4).
(A) in the clockwise direction) makes it possible to excellently correct the trapezoidal distortion. The present invention utilizes this correction effect.
【００１７】この傾き角について、条件式（１）によっ
てリレー光学系の傾け角を規定しているが、その下限を
越えると、本発明の効果である台形の像歪みの補正作用
が不十分なものとなってしまう。With respect to this tilt angle, the tilt angle of the relay optical system is defined by the conditional expression (1). If the lower limit is exceeded, the trapezoidal image distortion correcting effect, which is the effect of the present invention, is insufficient. It becomes a thing.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】以下、本発明の視覚表示装置の実施例１〜２
について説明する。 実施例１ この実施例の光学配置を図１に示す。図中、１はＬＣＤ
（液晶表示装置）タイプの２次元画像表示素子、２は偏
心リレー光学系、５は凹面球面鏡、６は観察者の眼球虹
彩位置又は眼球回旋点（以下、瞳と言う。）であり、３
はリレー光学系２の光軸、４は２次元表示素子１中心と
リレー光学系２によるその像中心とを結ぶ直線、５ａは
凹面球面鏡５の軸である。座標系を図示のように与え、
瞳６に対する凹面球面鏡５の軸５ａの偏心量をＹ1 、リ
レー光学系２の第１面中心に対する軸５ａの偏心量をＹ
2 、２次元表示素子１中心からリレー光学系２の光軸３
のＹ軸方向の偏心量をＹ3 、リレー光学系２の光軸３に
対する凹面球面鏡５の軸５ａの傾き角をα1 、２次元表
示素子１の表示面に対するリレー光学系２の光軸３に垂
直な面の傾き角をα2 、直線４に対するリレー光学系２
の光軸３の傾き角をθ、とする。したがって、図１の場
合、Ｙ1 は負、Ｙ2 は正、Ｙ3 は正であり、α1 は正、
α2 は負、θは正で与えられる。EXAMPLES Examples 1 and 2 of the visual display device of the present invention will be described below.
Will be described. Example 1 The optical arrangement of this example is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is an LCD
A (liquid crystal display) type two-dimensional image display device, 2 is an eccentric relay optical system, 5 is a concave spherical mirror, 6 is an observer's eyeball iris position or eyeball turning point (hereinafter referred to as a pupil), and 3
Is an optical axis of the relay optical system 2, 4 is a straight line connecting the center of the two-dimensional display element 1 and the image center of the relay optical system 2, and 5a is an axis of the concave spherical mirror 5. Given the coordinate system as shown,
The eccentricity of the axis 5a of the concave spherical mirror 5 with respect to the pupil 6 is Y 1 , and the eccentricity of the axis 5a of the relay optical system 2 with respect to the center of the first surface is Y.
2 , the optical axis 3 of the relay optical system 2 from the center of the 2D display element 1
The Y-axis direction of the eccentricity of Y 3, the relay optical system 2 of the optical axis 1 of the inclination angle of the axis 5a of the concave spherical mirror 5 alpha for 3, 2-dimensional display optical axis 3 of the relay optical system 2 with respect to the display surface of the element 1 The tilt angle of the surface perpendicular to is α 2 , and the relay optical system 2 for the straight line 4
Let θ be the tilt angle of the optical axis 3 of. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 1, Y 1 is negative, Y 2 is positive, Y 3 is positive, α 1 is positive,
α 2 is negative and θ is positive.
【００１９】以下、この光学系の構成パラメータを示す
が、面番号は、観察者の瞳６位置から２次元画像表示素
子１へ向かう逆追跡の面番号として示してある。また、
面間隔は、瞳６と凹面球面鏡５の間については、瞳６中
心と凹面球面鏡５中心間のＺ軸方向の間隔、凹面球面鏡
５とリレー光学系２の第１面の間については、凹面球面
鏡５中心とその第１面間のＺ軸方向の間隔、リレー光学
系２の第１面からその像面（２次元画像表示素子１）に
到る間隔は、光軸３に沿う間隔で示してある。リレー光
学系２については、第１面から第７面のレンズ面をｒ1
〜ｒ7 で、面間隔をｄ1 〜ｄ7 で示す。 面番号 曲率半径 間隔 偏心量 傾き角 屈折率 １ （６） 瞳 50.0 Ｙ1 -28.285 ２ （５） 57.270 -49.9 Ｙ2 28.285 α1 40.655 ° ３（ｒ1 ） -79.790 4.0（ｄ1 ） 1.729157 ４（ｒ2 ） -25.690 1.0（ｄ2 ） ５（ｒ3 ） 45.614 4.0（ｄ3 ） 1.729157 ６（ｒ4 ） -55.972 1.0（ｄ4 ） ７（ｒ5 ） 17.465 9.0（ｄ5 ） 1.516330 ８（ｒ6 ） -20.423 2.0（ｄ6 ） 1.805181 ９（ｒ7 ） -59.782 10.0（ｄ7 ） １０（１） 像面 Ｙ3 2.5673 α2 -21.301 ° リレー光学系２の焦点距離は、１３．８４ｍｍ リレー光学系２の傾け角θは、７°である。The constituent parameters of this optical system are shown below, but the surface number is shown as the surface number for the backward tracking from the position of the observer's pupil 6 toward the two-dimensional image display element 1. Also,
The surface distance between the pupil 6 and the concave spherical mirror 5 is the distance between the center of the pupil 6 and the center of the concave spherical mirror 5 in the Z-axis direction, and the distance between the concave spherical mirror 5 and the first surface of the relay optical system 2 is the concave spherical mirror. 5 The distance between the center and its first surface in the Z-axis direction, and the distance from the first surface of the relay optical system 2 to its image surface (two-dimensional image display element 1) are indicated by the distance along the optical axis 3. is there. For the relay optical system 2, the lens surfaces from the first surface to the seventh surface are r 1
In ~r 7, showing a surface interval d 1 to d 7. Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Eccentricity Tilt angle Refractive index 1 (6) Pupil 50.0 Y 1 -28.285 2 (5) 57.270 -49.9 Y 2 28.285 α 1 40.655 ° 3 (r 1 ) -79.790 4.0 (d 1 ) 1.729157 4 ( r 2 ) -25.690 1.0 (d 2 ) 5 (r 3 ) 45.614 4.0 (d 3 ) 1.729157 6 (r 4 ) -55.972 1.0 (d 4 ) 7 (r 5 ) 17.465 9.0 (d 5 ) 1.516330 8 (r 6 ) ) -20.423 2.0 (d 6 ) 1.805181 9 (r 7 ) -59.782 10.0 (d 7 ) 10 (1) Image plane Y 3 2.5673 α 2 -21.301 ° Relay optical system 2 has a focal length of 13.84 mm Relay optical system The tilt angle θ of 2 is 7 °.
【００２０】また、接眼光学系５の焦点距離は２８ｍｍ
となっており、これ以上短いと観察者顔面との干渉が問
題となり、逆に、これより長いと顔面からの観察系突出
量が大きくなり、装置が大型になり、装着感が悪くな
る。The focal length of the eyepiece optical system 5 is 28 mm.
If it is shorter than this, interference with the observer's face becomes a problem, and conversely, if it is longer than this, the amount of projection of the observation system from the face becomes large, the device becomes large, and the wearing feeling becomes poor.
【００２１】この実施例のディストーションを図２に示
す。図２中、点線は理想的像位置を示し、実線はこの光
学系の結像位置を示す。The distortion of this embodiment is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the dotted line shows the ideal image position, and the solid line shows the image forming position of this optical system.
【００２２】実施例２ この実施例は、基本的に実施例１と同じである。以下、
異なる部分のみについて説明すると、図１の凹面鏡５が
アナモフィック非球面反射鏡からなる。Example 2 This example is basically the same as Example 1. Less than,
Explaining only different parts, the concave mirror 5 in FIG. 1 is an anamorphic aspherical reflecting mirror.
【００２３】この場合、凹面鏡５の近軸の曲率半径を、
上下方向（Ｘ−Ｚ面）をＲx 、左右方向（Ｙ−Ｚ面）を
Ｒy とすると、これらは相互に異なる。また、非球面形
状は、座標系を図１のようにとるとき、次の式で表され
る。 Ｚ =［( Ｘ2/Ｒx )+ (Ｙ2/Ｒy ) ］／［1+｛ 1-(1+Ｋx ) ( Ｘ2/Ｒx 2) -(1+Ｋy ) ( Ｙ2/Ｒy 2)｝1/2 ］ ＋ＡＲ［ (1-ＡＰ) Ｘ2+( 1+ＡＰ) Ｙ2 ］2 ＋ＢＲ［ (1-ＢＰ) Ｘ2+( 1+ＢＰ) Ｙ2 ］3 +CR[ (1-ＣＰ) Ｘ2+( 1+ＣＰ) Ｙ2 ］4 ここで、Ｋx はＸ方向の円錐係数、Ｋy はＹ方向の円錐
係数、ＡＲ、ＢＲ、ＣＲはそれぞれ回転対称な４次、６
次、８次の非球面係数、ＡＰ、ＢＰ、ＣＰはそれぞれ非
対称な４次、６次、８次の非球面係数である。その他、
実施例１と同様な記号を用いて光学系のパラメータを以
下に示す。In this case, the paraxial radius of curvature of the concave mirror 5 is
When the vertical direction (XZ plane) is Rx and the horizontal direction (YZ plane) is Ry , these are different from each other. Further, the aspherical shape is expressed by the following equation when the coordinate system is as shown in FIG. Z = [(X 2 / R x) + (Y 2 / R y)] / [1+ {1- (1 + K x) (X 2 / R x 2) - (1 + K y) (Y 2 / R y 2 )} 1/2 ] + AR [(1-AP) X 2 + (1 + AP) Y 2 ] 2 + BR [(1-BP) X 2 + (1 + BP) Y 2 ] 3 + CR [(1-CP) X 2 + (1 + CP) Y 2 ] 4 Here, K x is a conical coefficient in the X direction, K y is a conical coefficient in the Y direction, and AR, BR, and CR are rotationally symmetric 4 Next, 6
Next-order and eighth-order aspherical coefficients, AP, BP, and CP are asymmetrical fourth-order, sixth-order, and eighth-order aspherical coefficients, respectively. Other,
The parameters of the optical system are shown below using the same symbols as in Example 1.
【００２４】 面番号 曲率半径 間隔 偏心量 傾き角 屈折率 １（６） 瞳 50.0 Ｙ1 -28.285 ２（５）Ｒy 57.270 -49.9 Ｙ2 28.2845 α1 40.6887° Ｒx 55.642 （非球面） ３（ｒ1 ） -56.488 4.0（ｄ1 ） 1.729157 ４（ｒ2 ） -23.931 1.0（ｄ2 ） ５（ｒ3 ） 36.299 4.0（ｄ3 ） 1.729157 ６（ｒ4 ） -53.630 1.0（ｄ4 ） ７（ｒ5 ） 18.588 9.0（ｄ5 ） 1.516330 ８（ｒ6 ） -18.455 2.0（ｄ6 ） 1.805181 ９（ｒ7 ） -69.311 10.0（ｄ7 ） １０（１） 像面 Ｙ3 2.4852 α2 -20.816 ° 非球面係数 ＡＲ＝ -0.176890×10-7 ＡＰ＝ -0.873450 その他の係数全て＝0 リレー光学系２の焦点距離は、１３．７２ｍｍ リレー光学系２の傾け角θは、８°である。Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Eccentricity Tilt angle Refractive index 1 (6) Pupil 50.0 Y 1 -28.285 2 (5) R y 57.270 -49.9 Y 2 28.2845 α 1 40.6887 ° R x 55.642 (aspherical) 3 (r 1 ) -56.488 4.0 (d 1 ) 1.729157 4 (r 2 ) -23.931 1.0 (d 2 ) 5 (r 3 ) 36.299 4.0 (d 3 ) 1.729157 6 (r 4 ) -53.630 1.0 (d 4 ) 7 (r 5 ) 18.588 9.0 (d 5 ) 1.516330 8 (r 6 ) -18.455 2.0 (d 6 ) 1.805181 9 (r 7 ) -69.311 10.0 (d 7 ) 10 (1) Image plane Y 3 2.4852 α 2 -20.816 ° Aspherical coefficient AR = -0.176890 × 10 -7 AP = -0.873450 All other coefficients = 0 The focal length of the relay optical system 2 is 13.72 mm, and the tilt angle θ of the relay optical system 2 is 8 °.
【００２５】この実施例のディストーションを図３に示
す。The distortion of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
【００２６】なお、上記各実施例において、凹面反射鏡
５は、全反射鏡のみでなく、半透過鏡で構成することも
できる。半透過鏡で構成する場合は、外界像との合成が
できることは周知の事実である。In each of the above embodiments, the concave reflecting mirror 5 may be a semi-transmissive mirror as well as a total reflecting mirror. It is a well known fact that a semi-transmissive mirror can be combined with an external image.
【００２７】以上、本発明の視覚表示装置をいくつかの
実施例について説明してきたが、本発明はこれら実施例
に限定されず、種々の変形が可能である。Although the visual display device of the present invention has been described above with reference to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and various modifications can be made.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
の視覚表示装置によると、ディストーションの少ない、
鮮明で画角の広い頭部又は顔面装着型視覚表示装置を提
供することができる。As is clear from the above description, according to the visual display device of the present invention, there is little distortion.
It is possible to provide a head- or face-mounted visual display device that is clear and has a wide angle of view.
【図１】本発明の視覚表示装置の実施例１の光学配置を
示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical arrangement of Example 1 of the visual display device of the present invention.
【図２】実施例１のディストーションを示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing distortion of the first embodiment.
【図３】実施例２のディストーションを示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing distortion of Example 2.
【図４】アオリ撮影の説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of tilt shooting.
【図５】従来の顔面装着式視覚表示装置の平面図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a plan view of a conventional face-mounted visual display device.
【図６】従来のトーリック面による像歪みを示す図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing image distortion due to a conventional toric surface.
【図７】従来の楕円面による像歪みを示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing image distortion due to a conventional ellipsoidal surface.
１…２次元画像表示素子 ２…偏心リレー光学系 ３…リレー光学系の光軸 ４…２次元表示素子中心とリレー光学系による像中心と
を結ぶ直線 ５…凹面鏡 ６…観察者眼球虹彩位置又は眼球回旋点 ５ａ…凹面鏡の軸DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Two-dimensional image display element 2 ... Eccentric relay optical system 3 ... Optical axis of relay optical system 4 ... Straight line connecting the center of a two-dimensional display element and the image center by a relay optical system 5 ... Concave mirror 6 ... Observer eye iris position or Eye rotation point 5a ... Axis of concave mirror
Claims (2)
と、該２次元画像表示素子の実像を空中に投影するリレ
ー光学系と、その実像を空中に拡大投影すると共に光軸
を屈曲させる接眼光学系とからなる視覚表示装置におい
て、前記リレー光学系の一部又は全部が、その光軸が物
体中心と像中心を結んだ直線より物体面の法線方向に傾
くように配置されていることを特徴とする視覚表示装
置。1. A two-dimensional image display device for displaying an observation image, a relay optical system for projecting a real image of the two-dimensional image display device in the air, and an eyepiece for enlarging and projecting the real image in the air and bending an optical axis. In a visual display device including an optical system, a part or all of the relay optical system is arranged so that its optical axis is inclined in a direction normal to an object plane with respect to a straight line connecting an object center and an image center. A visual display device characterized by.
を物体中心と像中心を結んだ直線より物体面の法線方向
に傾ける角度をθとするとき、 θ＞２° ・・・（１） なる条件を満足することを特徴とする請求項１記載の視
覚表示装置。2. When the angle of inclining the optical axis of a part or all of the relay optical system in the direction normal to the object plane from a straight line connecting the object center and the image center is θ> 2 ° ... The visual display device according to claim 1, wherein the condition (1) is satisfied.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10691292A JP3155336B2 (en) | 1992-04-24 | 1992-04-24 | Visual display device |
| US08/051,386 US5594588A (en) | 1992-04-24 | 1993-04-23 | Visual display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10691292A JP3155336B2 (en) | 1992-04-24 | 1992-04-24 | Visual display device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05303055A true JPH05303055A (en) | 1993-11-16 |
| JP3155336B2 JP3155336B2 (en) | 2001-04-09 |
Family
ID=14445650
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10691292A Expired - Fee Related JP3155336B2 (en) | 1992-04-24 | 1992-04-24 | Visual display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3155336B2 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07104209A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-21 | Canon Inc | Display device |
| EP0655636A1 (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1995-05-31 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Improved eyepiece design |
| JPH08166541A (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-06-25 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Picture display device |
| US5706136A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1998-01-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical system, and image observing apparatus and image pickup apparatus using it |
| US6292301B1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2001-09-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical viewing system for use in head-mounted display |
| US6310728B1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2001-10-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image viewing apparatus |
| US6771427B1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2004-08-03 | Nec Viewtechnology, Ltd. | Image-forming optical system |
| US7009775B2 (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2006-03-07 | Olympus Corporation | Eyepiece optical system, and display device using the eyepiece optical system |
| USRE45258E1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2014-11-25 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Projection optical system, magnification projection optical system, magnification projection apparatus, and image projection apparatus |
| US9429826B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2016-08-30 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Projection television device and screen |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4026641A (en) | 1975-12-30 | 1977-05-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Toric reflector display |
| US4322135A (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1982-03-30 | Pilkington P. E. Limited | Optical apparatus |
-
1992
- 1992-04-24 JP JP10691292A patent/JP3155336B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07104209A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-21 | Canon Inc | Display device |
| EP0655636A1 (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1995-05-31 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Improved eyepiece design |
| JPH07218844A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1995-08-18 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Eyepiece device |
| US5825553A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1998-10-20 | Hughes Aircraft Company Now Known As Ragtheon Company | Eyepiece design |
| JPH08166541A (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-06-25 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Picture display device |
| US5706136A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1998-01-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical system, and image observing apparatus and image pickup apparatus using it |
| US6292301B1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2001-09-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical viewing system for use in head-mounted display |
| US6310728B1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2001-10-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image viewing apparatus |
| US6947221B2 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2005-09-20 | Nec Viewtechnology, Ltd. | Imaging optical system |
| US6879444B2 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2005-04-12 | Nec Viewtechnology, Ltd. | Imaging optical system |
| US6771427B1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2004-08-03 | Nec Viewtechnology, Ltd. | Image-forming optical system |
| US6950240B2 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2005-09-27 | Nec Viewtechnology, Ltd. | Imaging optical system |
| US7123420B2 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2006-10-17 | Nec Viewtechnology, Ltd. | Imaging optical system |
| US9429826B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2016-08-30 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Projection television device and screen |
| US9733459B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2017-08-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Projected television device and screen |
| US10955648B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2021-03-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Projection television device and screen |
| USRE45258E1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2014-11-25 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Projection optical system, magnification projection optical system, magnification projection apparatus, and image projection apparatus |
| USRE45728E1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2015-10-06 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Projection optical system, magnification projection optical system, magnification projection apparatus, and image projection apparatus |
| USRE48309E1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2020-11-17 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Projection optical system, magnification projection optical system, magnification projection apparatus, and image projection apparatus |
| US7009775B2 (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2006-03-07 | Olympus Corporation | Eyepiece optical system, and display device using the eyepiece optical system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3155336B2 (en) | 2001-04-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5594588A (en) | Visual display | |
| JP3599828B2 (en) | Optical device | |
| JP3683317B2 (en) | Image display device | |
| JP3658034B2 (en) | Image observation optical system and imaging optical system | |
| JP3155360B2 (en) | Visual display device | |
| US6008778A (en) | Visual display apparatus | |
| EP0660155B1 (en) | Image display apparatus | |
| US5384654A (en) | Image observation device | |
| JP3212203B2 (en) | Visual display device | |
| JP3537230B2 (en) | Eyepiece optical system and image display device using the same | |
| JP3672951B2 (en) | Image display device | |
| JP3155337B2 (en) | Visual display device | |
| JP3155335B2 (en) | Visual display device | |
| JPH09189880A (en) | Image display device | |
| JP3496890B2 (en) | Display device | |
| JP3155336B2 (en) | Visual display device | |
| JP2002055303A (en) | Picture display device provided with three-dimensional eccentric optical path | |
| WO2010018685A1 (en) | Visual display device | |
| JP3155341B2 (en) | Visual display device | |
| JPH07134266A (en) | Visual sense display device | |
| JPH0876034A (en) | Visual display device | |
| JP3542213B2 (en) | Image display device | |
| JP3542214B2 (en) | Image display device | |
| JP4583625B2 (en) | Image display device | |
| JP3597456B2 (en) | Eccentric optical system and visual display device using the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20010116 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090202 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090202 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100202 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110202 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110202 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120202 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |