JPH0527765A - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To put automatic performance as close to actual performance as possible by indicating a leading note at the tail of a bar and giving no variation to the head note of the bar. CONSTITUTION:In a step (b), it is judged whether or not current performance is at the head of a bar and when so, chords corresponding to the bar are set in a work area in a step (c). Then it is judged in a step (d) whether or not the leading note is generated at the current point. When so, a step (e) is entered and the chords of a next bar are loaded in the work area and in a step (f), the leading note correction flag of the performance style of the current performance is referred to. In a step (g), it is decided whether the base tone in the work area is higher or not than the 1st base tone in a next bar derived from the chords in the work area and in a step (h), the leading note is varied to a chromatic scale below the root of the next chord when the base tone is higher or to a chromatic scale above the root when lower.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus for automatically deriving a bass pattern for each measure from a chord corresponding to each measure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an automatic accompaniment apparatus for automatically performing accompaniment such as bass is known. However, the conventional automatic accompaniment device only transposes a predetermined accompaniment pattern (bass pattern) corresponding to a specified chord, and considers the chord corresponding to the preceding bar or the chord of the subsequent bar. It did not change the performance pattern.

However, in the actual arrangement process, smooth pitch selection is often performed in consideration of the chord progression before and after. In particular, it is desirable that the bass line that produces the entire beat be smooth in consideration of the chord progression before and after. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the above situation.

For example, the rhythm type is 16 beats,
Chord progression is “Cmaj → Dm”, “Cmaj → A ^b m
8 (a) and 8 (b) are considered in the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus when the bass line "aj" is considered, the general music theory states that "the baseline is the beginning of a bar". It is preferable to process as shown in FIG. 8 (c) and FIG. 8 (d), respectively. . That is, in the example of FIG. 8C and FIG. 8D, the guided sound is used at the end of the preceding bar, which rises by a short 2 degrees and descends by a short 2 degrees, respectively. Note that these tones are C # and A, not Cmaj chord tones (chord constituent tones),
Since both the 16th note and the time value are small, there is no problem even if the chord quality (completeness in the sound of chords) is taken into consideration.

[0005]

The problem to be solved by the invention is shown in FIG.
In order to correct the bad connection between bars as shown in (b), a plurality of bass patterns are stored for one chord, and the last note of the pattern played in the previous bar and the next bar are recorded. A method has been proposed in which a bass pattern having the smallest pitch with respect to the head note is selected and played (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 60).
-235198). However, when this system is adopted, it is necessary to store a plurality of bass patterns for each chord for each of the performance styles such as rock, jazz, ..., There is a problem that a huge storage capacity is required. In addition, when the above method is adopted, there is a problem that the first note of the bar does not become the root note of the chord.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and FIG.
As shown in (c) and (d), the leading sound is shown at the end of the bar,
The purpose is to make the automatic accompaniment as close as possible to the actual performance by not changing the beginning sound of the measure.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, the first automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention is an automatic accompaniment apparatus for deriving a bass pattern of each measure from a chord corresponding to each measure and automatically performing the performance. In the chord memory in which the chords are stored over a large number of bars constituting the song, and the pitch of the bass note of a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the bar being played is calculated from the chord corresponding to the next bar. And a pitch control means for changing based on the bass sound of the leading beat in the derived bass pattern of the next measure.

A second automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object is an automatic accompaniment apparatus for deriving a bass pattern of each measure from a chord corresponding to each measure and automatically performing the chord. When the chord designating means for designating and the chord designating means designates the chord corresponding to the bar next to the bar being played at a predetermined timing, a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the bar being played. Pitch control means for changing the pitch of the bass tone of the above based on the bass tone of the first beat in the bass pattern of the next measure derived from the chord corresponding to the next measure. It is what

[0009]

According to the first automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, while playing a certain measure, the code corresponding to the next measure is read from the code memory, and the base of the next measure corresponding to the read code is read. The pitch of the bass note of a specified beat, such as the last beat in the bass pattern of the measure being played, is changed based on the bass note of the first beat in the pattern, so the beginning note of the measure does not change and the end of the measure remains unchanged. Indicates a guided sound, which realizes a smooth bass line conforming to music theory.

The second automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention is provided with a chord designating means such as a keyboard for designating the chord instead of the chord memory for storing the chord. When the chord for the next bar of the measure is designated in time, the bass pattern of the bar being played is based on the bass note of the first beat in the bass pattern of the next bar corresponding to the designated chord. Since the pitch of the bass note of a predetermined beat is changed, the leading note of the measure is not changed and the guided note is shown at the end of the measure, as in the first automatic accompaniment apparatus.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the internal circuit configuration of an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. A keyboard section 1 consisting of a large number of switches attached to each key constituting a keyboard used for playing a melody or specifying chords, and an operator group 2 for setting a performance style such as rock, jazz, ... , MID that inputs / outputs MIDI signal to play an external sound source or be controlled from the outside
I / O unit 3, CPU 4 for executing calculations, ROM 5 for storing programs, RAM 6 for temporarily storing various information, display for displaying the state of this device The section 7 is composed of a sound source section 8 which selects and sounds a musical tone based on various calculation results in this apparatus. These sections 1 to 8 are connected to each other by a bus line 9.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a program stored in the ROM 5 and executed by the CPU 4. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a series of chords corresponding to a certain piece of music transferred from the ROM 5 to the RAM 6 at the initial setting stage. In this figure, the chord corresponding to the first bar of this song is Cmaj, the chord corresponding to the next bar is Em,
In the following, each bar corresponds to D7, G7, Cmaj, ... In order.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the performance style stored in the ROM 5 or transferred from the ROM 5 to the RAM 6 at the initial setting stage and the shift amount for the root note. "1st to 8th notes" represent each eighth note that constitutes one measure, and the numerical values such as 0, 5 and the like described corresponding to these 1st to 8th notes are for the root note. It represents the shift amount, and for example, 5 represents that a tone higher by 5 degrees is generated from the root tone. Further, 'nul' indicates that the sound of the eighth note immediately before that is pronounced with the length of a quarter note. The'flag 'is a sound guide correction flag that determines whether the eighth note in one bar is changed (' 1 ') or not (' 0 ') based on the head note of the next bar.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a work area in the RAM 6. When the automatic performance is started, the program shown in FIG. 2 is executed, and the initial setting is first performed (step (a)). At the stage of this initialization, the series of chords shown in FIG. 3 (and the bass pattern corresponding to each playing style shown in FIG. 4) are transferred from the ROM 5 to the RAM 6, and along with this, are selected by the operator group 2. The eighth tone of the bass pattern (see FIG. 4) corresponding to the playing style (here, the eighth tone '0' at address 0001 corresponding to the lock) is set in the work area LB (see FIG. 5).

Next, in step (b), it is determined whether or not the current time is at the beginning of the bar, that is, whether or not it is at the stage immediately before the first note of that bar is pronounced, and the current time is at the bar. If it is at the head, the code corresponding to the bar (here, the code (Cmaj) of the bar corresponding to the address 0001 shown in FIG. 3) is set in the work area RR (see FIG. 5) (step (C)). Then, it is judged whether or not the current moment is the time to generate the guided sound, that is, whether or not it is at the stage immediately before the eighth sound of the bar is being generated (step (d)). Since it is the head, jump to step (j) and the first sound is the work area RR
The pitch is changed according to need according to the chord set in, and sound is produced, and the process returns to step (b). Here, although not shown in this flowchart, one eighth note is set in step (j) so that a predetermined time interval is set for each eighth note based on the tempo information set by the operator group 2. The time until the process returns to step (b) after the sound is generated is adjusted. When returning to step (b), it is not the beginning of the bar this time, and it is not the stage immediately before the pronunciation of the conductive note (step (d)). Therefore, jumping to step (j) again, and the second note is now pronounced. To be done.

When the seventh tone is sounded and the process returns to step (b) by repeating the above operation, the process proceeds to step (d) because it is not the beginning of the bar, and the next tonic (eighth tone) is pronounced. Therefore, the process proceeds to step (e). In this step (e), the table of the RAM 6 shown in FIG. 3 is referred to, and the code of the next bar, that is, the code Em stored at the address 0001 here is loaded into the work area NC (see FIG. 5). Next, in step (f), the sound guide correction flag of the playing style currently being played is referred to. When the tone correction flag is "0", the process proceeds to step (j), and the eighth tone is pronounced at the pitch designated by the eighth tone of the playing style of FIG. 4, but here the tone correction is performed. Since the flag is “1”, the process moves to step (g), and the bass sound (8th sound) in the work area LB is derived from the chord (here, Em) in the work area NC. It is determined whether or not the sound is higher than the bass sound of the above. If it is a high sound, the process proceeds to step (h), and the guided sound (8th
Pitch is changed so that it is a semitone lower than the root note of the next chord (the first note of the next bar), and if it is a low note, go to step (i) and be pronounced from now on. The pitch is changed so that the leading note (8th note) is a semitone higher than the root note of the next chord (1st note of the next bar), and the changed note proceeds to step (j). The high eighth note is pronounced. Although not shown in this flowchart,
In this embodiment, if the leading note (the eighth note) and the next root note (the first note of the next bar) to be produced have the same pitch or different pitch by a chromatic scale, the eighth note is It goes without saying that the pitch is produced without changing the pitch based on the root note of the next chord (the first note of the next bar).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the bass tones sequentially sounded as described above. The pitch of the eighth note of each measure is changed based on the first note of the next measure. As described above, when chords corresponding to a series of measures are stored in advance, the bass sound is played in consideration of the musical connection to the next measure. In the above embodiment, when the pitch of the eighth sound is changed to be the guided sound, the pitch is changed so that the guided sound is a half tone above and a half tone below the first note of the next bar. However, the pitch relationship between the eighth note (conducted sound) and the first note of the next measure is not limited to this semitone above and below this semitone. For example, the guide note is complete with respect to the first note of the next measure. 5
The pitch of the eighth note may be changed so as to be up and down by 4 degrees.

Further, in the above embodiment, only the last beat (8th sound) is the guided sound. However, in the present invention, the guided sound is not limited to the last beat. For example, in FIG. In the case of the bass pattern as shown, not only the last beat (8th note) but also the immediately preceding beat (7th note) is a guided sound. In the above embodiment, a series of chords as shown in FIG. 3 was stored in advance. However, the chord of the next bar is designated at the timing when the pitch of the eighth note is changed on the keyboard 1. In the case of playing, for example, when the chord of the next bar is designated from the second beat to immediately before the fourth beat, FIG.
It is needless to say that even if a series of chords as shown in (4) is not stored in advance, a bass tone can be played in consideration of the musical connection to the next bar in the same manner as above.

[0019]

As described above, the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention is provided with a chord memory in which chords are stored over a large number of bars forming a song, or chord designating means for designating chords. In preparation, the playing method is restricted so that the chord corresponding to the bar next to the bar being played is designated by this chord designating means at a predetermined timing, and a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the bar being played is provided. Since the pitch of the bass note is changed based on the bass note of the first beat in the bass pattern of the next measure, which is derived from the chord corresponding to the next measure, the first note of each measure is determined by the chord. Keep the pitch and show the leading sound at the end of the bar,
As a result, it is possible to perform a bass performance with a good musical connection between each measure and the next measure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an internal circuit configuration of an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a program stored in the ROM shown in FIG. 1 and executed by a CPU.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a series of codes corresponding to a certain piece of music, which is transferred from the ROM to the RAM at the initial setting stage.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a correspondence between a performance style and a shift amount for a root note, which is stored in the ROM shown in FIG. 1 or is transferred from the ROM to the RAM at the stage of initial setting.

5 is a diagram showing a work area in the RAM shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing sequentially produced bass sounds.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an accompaniment pattern according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an accompaniment pattern in a conventional automatic accompaniment device,
It is a figure showing an example of a desirable accompaniment pattern.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 keyboard part 2 operator part 3 MIDI input / output section 4 CPU 5 ROM 6 RAM 7 Display 8 Sound source 9 bus lines

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An automatic accompaniment apparatus for automatically deriving a bass pattern of each measure from a chord corresponding to each measure, and a chord memory in which the chord is stored over a large number of measures constituting a music piece, The pitch of the bass note of a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the bar being played is changed based on the bass note of the first beat in the bass pattern of the next bar, which is derived from the chord corresponding to the next bar. An automatic accompaniment device comprising pitch control means. 2. An automatic accompaniment apparatus for deriving a bass pattern of each measure from a chord corresponding to each measure and automatically playing the chord, wherein chord designating means for designating the chord, and playing the chord designating means. If the chord corresponding to the bar next to the bar is specified at a predetermined timing, the pitch of the bass note of a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the bar being played is changed from the chord corresponding to the next bar. An automatic accompaniment apparatus comprising: a pitch control unit that changes the bass tone of the first beat in the derived bass pattern of the next measure.