JPH052433U - Multi-frequency shared antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To obtain an integrated multi-frequency antenna with good balance and no lock-on point mismatch. [Structure] A first antenna composition and a second antenna composition are attached to a common shaft 5, and the second antenna composition is composed of a plurality of dependent antenna compositions, and the first antenna composition and the plurality of dependent antenna compositions. The antenna composition bodies are flat or disk-shaped reflectors 1 and 23, radiators 22 311 312 313 and 314 composed of crossed dipoles, and disk-shaped directors 22, 23, 321, and 331, respectively. 322, 33
2, 323, 333, 324, 334, the common mounting base and the common reflector of the plurality of subordinate antennas are also used by the leading-edge director of the first antenna composition. The antenna axis of the body and the composite axis of the plurality of subordinate antenna composition bodies of the second antenna composition body coincide with the antenna axis 5. [Effect] Since the aiming property of tracking is good, even if the mutual attitude relationship with the target fluctuates and the plane of polarization fluctuates, there is no problem in transmitting and receiving signals.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]       [0001]     [Technical field of invention]   This device is a multi-frequency device for transmitting and receiving radio waves of different frequencies. The present invention relates to the structure of a shared antenna.       [0002]     [Background of the invention]   For example, it automatically tracks an air vehicle and sends and receives telemeter signals to and from the air vehicle. In the case of communication, the frequency band of the radio wave generally used for automatic tracking and the telemeter Since the frequency bands of radio waves used for transmitting and receiving signals are mutually different, create one structure. A multi-frequency shared antenna that can transmit and receive multiple radio waves with multiple antennas. Used.       [0003]     [Prior art and its drawbacks]   As shown in FIG. 2, a conventional multi-frequency shared antenna, for example, a dual-frequency shared antenna is Two antenna compositions 2 and 3 having different frequency bands are fixed to a common reflector 1. Configured.       [0004]   The two antenna compositions 2 and 3 have different sizes because their frequencies are different from each other. And the weights are different and such structures are juxtaposed, the antenna support shaft or Not only the unbalanced torque is generated on the rotating shaft 4 and the support of the antenna becomes unstable, The two antenna compositions 2 and 3 interfere with each other, and their directional characteristics are poor. Become.       [0005]   When the antenna having the structure shown in FIG. 2 is used as a collimation antenna Between the case where the antenna composition body 2 is used and the case where the antenna composition body 3 is used If the directional angle (LOCK ON POINT) of the antenna under test is different There is also a drawback.       [0006]   Furthermore, when transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the aircraft, the altitude, direction, and attitude of the aircraft cannot be changed. Even when the plane of polarization changes relatively between the transmitter and receiver due to changes in the It is necessary to maintain the reception so that the reception can be performed without any trouble.       [0007]     [The purpose of the device]   This invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional defects, and structurally Stable, no interference between multiple antenna compositions, and collimation When used as an antenna, the directivity angles are different for multiple antenna compositions. The purpose is to obtain a multi-frequency shared antenna that does not differ.       [0008]     [Example of device]   FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, for example, an antenna that simultaneously performs automatic tracking and telemetering. It is a structural diagram showing the example implemented in.       [0009]   In FIG. 1, 1 is a plate-shaped reflector, 21 and 311, 312, 313 and 314 is a radiator using cross dipoles, 22 and 23 and 321 respectively. , 322, 323, 324, 331, 332, 333 and 334 are discs, respectively. -Shaped director, 4 is a support shaft, 5 and 61, 62, 63 and 64 are antennas, respectively. It is a na axis.       [0010]   The antenna shaft 5 is fixed vertically to the plate surface at the center of the first reflector 1. The first radiator 21, the first director 22, and the first director 22 are arranged on the axis 5 in this order from the first reflector 1 side. The second director 23 is fixed. These aggregates are referred to below as the first antenna composition. The body.       [0011]   A plurality of (four in FIG. 1) antennas are provided in the second director 23 of the first antenna composition. Tenor shafts 61, 62, 63 and 64 are mounted in parallel.       [0012]   On the antenna shaft 61, the second radiator 311 and the second radiator 311 are arranged in this order from the second director 23 side. The third director 321 and the fourth director 331 are fixed. These aggregates Is hereinafter referred to as a first dependent antenna composition.       [0013]   On the antenna shaft 62, the third radiator 312, the third radiator 312, in order from the second director 23 side. The fifth director 322 and the sixth director 332 are fixed. These aggregates Is hereinafter referred to as a second subordinate antenna composition.       [0014]   On the antenna shaft 63, the fourth radiator 313, The seventh director 323 and the eighth director 333 are fixed. These aggregates Is hereinafter referred to as a third subordinate antenna composition.       [0015]   The antenna shaft 64 has a fifth radiator 314, and a fifth radiator 314 in order from the second director 23 side. The ninth director 324 and the tenth director 334 are fixed. Set of these The body is hereafter referred to as the fourth subordinate antenna composition.       [0016]   Here, the state-of-the-art second director 23 that plays a part of the first antenna composition is It also serves as a common mounting base for each of the first to fourth subordinate antenna assemblies.       [0017]   Furthermore, the second director 23 is provided for each of the first to fourth dependent antenna compositions. It is made to have characteristics as a general reflector.       [0018]   A collection of the second director 23 and the entire first to fourth subordinate antenna compositions. The united body is hereinafter referred to as a second antenna composition.       [0019]   The second director 23 serves both the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition. It is a common member that works.       [0020]   The diameters d1 and d of the first and second directors 22 and 23 of the first antenna composition, respectively. 2 is a length of about 1/2 of the wavelength λ1 of the radio wave transmitted and received by the first antenna composition ( In the embodiment, d1 = 0.45λ1 and d2 = 0.4λ1) are set, and the first , The distance L2 between the second directors 22 and 23 is about 1/2 (actual) of the wavelength λ1 of the radio wave. In the embodiment, L2 = 0.5λ1) is set.       [0021]   The distance L1 between the first reflector 1 and the first director 22 and the first reflector 1 and the first director 22 The distance L5 from the radiator 21 is about 1/2 and 1/4 of the wavelength λ1 (in the embodiment, Is set to L1 = 0.5λ1, L5 = 0.25λ1).       [0022]   The four subordinate antenna compositions forming the second antenna composition have the same characteristics .       [0023]   For example, in the third dependent antenna composition with antenna axis 63, the seventh conductor The diameter d3 of the wave filter 323 and the diameter d4 of the eighth director 333 are respectively the first The diameters d1 and d2 of the first director 22 and the second director 23 of the antenna composition are set. Based on the same idea as defined above, for the used wavelength λ2 of the second antenna composition, (1/2) × λ2 as a reference.       [0024]   The distance L4 between the seventh director 323 and the eighth director 333 is equal to the first antenna. Setting the distance L2 between the first director 22 and the second director 23 of the tena composition According to the same idea, 1/2 is set as the reference for the wavelength λ2.       [0025]   Furthermore, the seventh director 323 and the reflector (the second antenna as the first antenna composition) The distance L3 from the director 23 is the first director 22 in the first antenna composition. With the same idea as setting the distance L1 between the first reflector 1 and Then, (1/2) × λ2 is set as a reference.       [0026]   Then, the fourth radiator 313 and the reflector (the second antenna composition body has the second The distance L6 from the director 23 is the first radiator 21 in the first antenna composition. According to the same idea as setting the distance L5 between the first reflector 1 and Then, it is set based on (1/4) × λ2.       [0027]   Other subordinate antenna compositions according to the antenna axes 61, 62 and 64 are set in the same manner. It That is, each of the four subordinate antenna compositions forming the second antenna composition is The element members have the same dimensional relationship, the same characteristics, and the same arrangement mechanism.       [0028]   In addition, the dimensional relationship of each of the above-mentioned parts is determined by the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition. Is necessary for an antenna with a disk-shaped director when viewed as an independent antenna. It is similar to the relationship sought.       [0029]   In addition, in the second antenna composition, the synthesis by the four subordinate antenna compositions Each of the axes is on the antenna axis 5 of the first antenna composition or an extension thereof. The antenna axes 61, 62, 63 and 64 of the respective subordinate antenna compositions are It is placed symmetrically with respect to the axis 5 or its extension.       [0030]   In the first antenna composition, even if the number of directors is generally three or more, This idea is useful. In this case, each dependent antenna composition forming the second composition The body is attached to the leading edge of the director group forming the first antenna composition.       [0031]   Also, in each subordinate antenna composition forming the second antenna composition, Even if the number of vessels is generally three or more, this invention can be realized.       [0032]   Also, in the second antenna composition, the number of dependent antenna compositions is limited to four. It is not necessary to determine the The device is useful.       [0033]   In addition, it serves as a mounting base for the four subordinate antenna compositions of the second antenna composition. The state-of-the-art director 23 of the first antenna composition is In addition to functioning as a common reflector for adults, a mounting base for necessary amplifiers (circuits), etc. It can also be used as (attached to the back).       [0034]   In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1, the first antenna composition is, for example, a telemetering signal. No. (wavelength λ1) for transmission and reception, and the second antenna composition is Normally, the wavelength of the used signal should be λ2 <λ1 Since the combined directivity of the four subordinate antenna compositions is sharp, Used for transmitting / receiving the tracking signal.       [0035]     [Effect of the device]   As is apparent from the above description of the embodiment, in the present invention, the first arm The second antenna in a symmetrical position with respect to the antenna axis of the antenna composition or its extension. Since the antenna axis of each subordinate antenna composition of the antenna composition is attached, Stable support can be obtained without generating unbalanced torque on the holding shaft or rotating shaft. .       [0036]   In addition, the antenna axes of the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition (second antenna composition) The antenna composition is the same (common) in the composite axes of multiple dependent antenna compositions. Therefore, there is no disadvantage that the lock-on points do not match.       [0037]   In addition, the antenna components do not interfere with each other, and There is no difference in the directional angle of other antennas facing the tena composition. You can also get the profit.       [0038]   Further, the function of the reflector of the second antenna composition is the same as that of the immediately preceding first antenna composition. Because of the state-of-the-art director, the reflector is structurally related to the first antenna composition. It should be provided.       [0039]   In addition, the director also serves as the reflector of the next antenna composition and the mounting base. Therefore, there is also an advantage that the number of structural members of the entire antenna can be reduced.       [0040]   Also, for all frequencies, use a crossed dipole as the radiator and Since flat plates are used for the wave filter and reflector, horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, diagonal polarization ・ Tracks the flight vehicle because it has a structure that can effectively transmit and receive circularly polarized waves. However, when exchanging signals, the altitude, direction, attitude, etc. of the aircraft change The tracking plane or telemeter signal when the plane of polarization changes. Can exchange radio waves.       [0041]   As described above, the present invention has many advantages and its effect is extremely remarkable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a conventional example. [Description of Reference Signs] 1 ... Reflector 21, 311, 312, 313, 314 ... Cross dipole 22, 23, 321, 331, 322, 332, 32
3, 333, 324, 334 ... Disc-shaped director 4 ... Support shaft 5, 61, 62, 63, 64 ... Antenna shaft

Claims (1)

[Claims for utility model registration] [1] In an antenna that transmits and receives two types of radio waves having different frequencies, the first antenna composition is a flat plate-shaped first reflector, and a first dipole composed of a crossed dipole. The radiator and the plate-shaped first, second, ... Waveguides are arranged in this order, and the second antenna composition is the most advanced plate-shaped conductor of the first antenna composition. The leading edge of the above-mentioned first antenna composition which is formed by mounting the subordinate antenna compositions of the first, second, third, fourth, ... The plate-shaped director of
A multi-frequency shared antenna, wherein a common reflector is used for each of the second, third, fourth, ... Subordinate antenna compositions. [2] First, second, and third elements forming a second antenna composition
Each of the third, fourth, ..., Subordinate antenna composition bodies is formed by arranging a second radiator composed of a crossed dipole and a plate-shaped third, fourth, ... The multi-frequency shared antenna according to claim 1, wherein the utility model is registered. [3] The first and second flat plate-like elements in the first antenna composition
The second, ..., Waveguides, and the plate-shaped third, fourth, and fourth in each subordinate antenna composition forming the second antenna composition.
The multi-frequency common-use antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of the directors of ... is a disk-shaped one. [4] First, Second, and Second Elements Forming a Second Antenna Composition
Claim 3, wherein the third, fourth, ... Dependent antenna composition bodies are arranged in symmetrical positions with respect to the antenna axis of the first antenna composition body or an extension line thereof. The multi-frequency shared antenna according to item 2 or 3.