JPH05203937A - Liquid crystal display device, window glass and information equipment - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device, window glass and information equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05203937A JPH05203937A JP4012840A JP1284092A JPH05203937A JP H05203937 A JPH05203937 A JP H05203937A JP 4012840 A JP4012840 A JP 4012840A JP 1284092 A JP1284092 A JP 1284092A JP H05203937 A JPH05203937 A JP H05203937A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- display device
- crystal display
- control element
- light control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】反射型と透過型の両方で表示のできる液晶表示
装置を得る。
【構成】対向して配置する２枚の電極基板間にねじれ配
向したネマチック液晶を挟持してなる表示用液晶セル２
と、前記液晶セルを挟んで両側に配置された一対の偏光
板１，３からなる液晶表示装置において、前記一対の偏
光板の外側に調光素子４を備える。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To obtain a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying both a reflective type and a transmissive type. [Structure] A liquid crystal cell for display 2 in which twisted and aligned nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between two electrode substrates arranged facing each other.
In a liquid crystal display device including a pair of polarizing plates 1 and 3 arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, a light control element 4 is provided outside the pair of polarizing plates.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は液晶表示装置及び窓ガラ
ス及び情報機器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, window glass and information equipment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来のＴＮ（ツイストネマチック）型、
あるいはＳＴＮ（スーパーツイステッドネマチック）型
の液晶表示装置では、偏光板の外側に反射板を備えた反
射型か偏光板の外側に光源を備えた透過型のいずれかの
構造であった。反射型の場合外光を利用して表示を行っ
ているために、昼間の屋外や明るい室内では文字や図形
等の表示は見やすくなっているが、周囲がすこし暗いよ
うな環境下では見ずらくなるといった問題がある。ま
た、光源を背面に持つ透過型の場合は、光源があるため
に暗い環境下でも表示は見やすくなっているが、屋外等
の明るい所ではみずらくなるといった問題がある。この
問題を解決するために透過型の構造で、偏光板と光源の
間に半透過反射板を備えることが提案された。以後これ
を半透過型と呼ぶ。この半透過型は明るい所では光源を
消して反射型として用い、暗いところでは光源を点灯さ
せて透過型として用いることにより、明るいところでも
暗いところでも使用できることを目的としていた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventional TN (twisted nematic) type,
Alternatively, the STN (Super Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal display device has either a reflective type having a reflection plate outside the polarizing plate or a transmissive type having a light source outside the polarizing plate. In the case of the reflection type, since the display is performed using outside light, the display of characters and figures is easy to see outdoors in the daytime or in a bright room, but difficult to see in an environment where the surroundings are slightly dark. There is a problem such as. Further, in the case of a transmissive type having a light source on the back surface, the display is easy to see even in a dark environment because of the light source, but there is a problem that it becomes difficult to see in a bright place such as outdoors. In order to solve this problem, it has been proposed to provide a transflective structure with a semi-transmissive reflector between the polarizing plate and the light source. Hereinafter, this is called a semi-transmissive type. The purpose of this semi-transmissive type is to turn off the light source in a bright place and use it as a reflective type, and to turn on the light source in a dark place to use as a transmissive type so that it can be used in both bright and dark places.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】半透過型では透過率５
０％、反射率５０％（これは透過と反射のバランスを考
えた場合であり、この比率は任意に設定できる）となる
ような半透過反射板を用いている。そのために、半透過
反射板を用いない反射型と比べて半透過反射板を用いた
場合に反射型としての明るさは半分となり表示が暗くな
ってしまう。また、半透過反射板を用いない透過型と比
べて半透過反射板を用いた場合に透過型としての明るさ
も半分となり表示が暗くなってしまう。このように従来
の半透過反射板を用いた半透過型は、反射型としても透
過型としても表示が暗くなってしまうといった問題点を
有していた。そこで本発明は、この様な問題を解決する
もので、その目的とするところは透過型と反射型の両方
での表示ができしかも明るい表示となる液晶表示装置を
提供することにある。The transmissivity of the semi-transmissive type is 5
A semi-transmissive reflection plate having a reflectance of 0% and a reflectance of 50% (this is a case where the balance between transmission and reflection is considered, and this ratio can be set arbitrarily) is used. Therefore, when the semi-transmissive reflector is used, the brightness of the reflective type is halved as compared with the reflective type that does not use the semi-transmissive reflector. Further, when the semi-transmissive reflector is used, the brightness of the transmissive type is halved as compared with the transmissive type that does not use the semi-transmissive reflector, and the display becomes dark. As described above, the conventional semi-transmissive type using the semi-transmissive reflection plate has a problem that the display becomes dark regardless of whether it is a reflective type or a transmissive type. Therefore, the present invention solves such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying both a transmissive type and a reflective type and providing a bright display.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の液晶表示装置
は、対向して配置する２枚の電極基板間にねじれ配向し
たネマチック液晶を挟持してなる液晶セルと、前記液晶
セルを挟んで両側に配置された一対の偏光板からなる液
晶表示装置において、前記一対の偏光板の外側に調光素
子を備えることを特徴とする。A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal cell in which twisted and aligned nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between two electrode substrates arranged to face each other, and both sides sandwiching the liquid crystal cell. In the liquid crystal display device including the pair of polarizing plates arranged in the above, a light control element is provided outside the pair of polarizing plates.
【０００５】[0005]
【実施例】本発明の液晶表示装置の構造の断面図を図１
に示す。図１において、上側電極１２を形成した液晶セ
ルの上側電極基板６と下側電極１３を形成した液晶セル
の下側電極基板７との間にスペーサーを介して液晶８を
挟持した文字等を表示する表示用液晶セル２が上側偏光
板１と下側偏光板３の間に置かれている。そして、上側
電極１４を形成した調光素子の上側電極基板９と下側電
極１５を形成した調光素子の下側電極基板１０との間に
光散乱を示す部材１１を挟持した調光素子４が、下側偏
光板３と光源５の間におかれている。表示用液晶セル２
には駆動回路１６が、調光素子４には駆動回路１７が接
続している。1 is a sectional view of the structure of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
Shown in. In FIG. 1, characters or the like in which a liquid crystal 8 is sandwiched by a spacer between an upper electrode substrate 6 of a liquid crystal cell having an upper electrode 12 and a lower electrode substrate 7 of a liquid crystal cell having a lower electrode 13 are displayed. The display liquid crystal cell 2 is placed between the upper polarizing plate 1 and the lower polarizing plate 3. Then, the light control element 4 in which the member 11 showing light scattering is sandwiched between the upper electrode substrate 9 of the light control element having the upper electrode 14 and the lower electrode substrate 10 of the light control element having the lower electrode 15 formed therein. Is placed between the lower polarizing plate 3 and the light source 5. Display liquid crystal cell 2
The drive circuit 16 is connected to the drive circuit 17, and the drive circuit 17 is connected to the light control element 4.
【０００６】〔実施例１〕調光素子の光散乱を示す部材
としてＰ型のネマチック液晶をマイクロカプセル中に封
入し、それを高分子マトリックス中に分散させたものを
用いた。そしてこの高分子と液晶の複合材料を、透明電
極の付いた厚さ１００μｍの高分子フィルムで挟む構造
とし、冷陰極管を２本と導光体と拡散板を用いて輝度を
均一にした光源を用いた。この調光素子に電圧を印加し
ない時は光散乱状態となり図１の偏光板１から入射した
光は調光素子で反射されるので反射型の表示装置とな
る。また、この調光素子に駆動回路１７を用いて交流電
圧を印加すると、透明状態となるので光源を点灯するこ
とにより透過型の表示装置となる。Example 1 A P-type nematic liquid crystal was encapsulated in microcapsules and dispersed in a polymer matrix as a member showing light scattering of a light control device. A light source in which the composite material of polymer and liquid crystal is sandwiched between polymer films with a transparent electrode and having a thickness of 100 μm and the luminance is made uniform by using two cold cathode tubes, a light guide and a diffusion plate Was used. When no voltage is applied to the light control element, the light control device is in a light scattering state, and the light incident from the polarizing plate 1 in FIG. 1 is reflected by the light control element, so that a reflective display device is obtained. Further, when an AC voltage is applied to the light control element by using the drive circuit 17, the light control element is brought into a transparent state, so that the light source is turned on to form a transmissive display device.
【０００７】〔実施例２〕調光素子の光散乱を示す部材
として３次元網目状高分子の中に連続相を示すＰ型のネ
マチック液晶を充填したフィルム状の液晶層を用いた。
そしてこのフィルム状の液晶層を透明電極の付いた厚さ
１００μｍの高分子フィルムで挟む構造とし、ＥＬを光
源として用いた。この調光素子に電圧を印加しない時は
光散乱状態となり図１の偏光板１から入射した光は調光
素子で反射されるので反射型の表示装置となる。また、
この調光素子に駆動回路１７を用いて交流電圧を印加す
ると、透明状態となるので光源を点灯することにより透
過型の表示装置となる。Example 2 A film-like liquid crystal layer in which a P-type nematic liquid crystal showing a continuous phase was filled in a three-dimensional network polymer was used as a member showing light scattering of a light control device.
Then, the film-like liquid crystal layer was sandwiched between polymer films with a transparent electrode and having a thickness of 100 μm, and EL was used as a light source. When no voltage is applied to the light control element, the light control device is in a light scattering state, and the light incident from the polarizing plate 1 in FIG. 1 is reflected by the light control element, so that a reflective display device is obtained. Also,
When an alternating voltage is applied to this light control element by using the drive circuit 17, it becomes a transparent state, and thus a light source is turned on to form a transmissive display device.
【０００８】〔実施例３〕調光素子として透明電極の付
いた厚さ５０μｍの高分子フィルムの基板間にコレステ
リック液晶とＰ型のネマチック液晶の混合物を挟持した
液晶セルを用いた。そしてＥＬを光源として用いた。こ
の調光素子に電圧を印加しない時は光散乱状態となり図
１の偏光板１から入射した光は調光素子で反射されるの
で反射型の表示装置となる。また、この調光素子に駆動
回路１７を用いて交流電圧を印加すると、透明状態とな
るので光源を点灯することにより透過型の表示装置とな
る。 〔実施例４〕調光素子として透明電極の付いた厚さ５０
μｍの高分子フ ィルムの基板間にＮ型のネマチック液
晶を挟持した液晶セルを用いた。このとき対向する高分
子フィルム基板表面上には液晶分子が一定方向に配向す
るようにラビング法による配向処理がなされている。そ
して光源としてはＥＬを用いた。この調光素子に電圧を
印加しない時は透明状態となるので透過型の表示装置と
なる。また、この調光素子にカットオフ周波数以下の低
周波の交流電圧を印加することにより光散乱状態となり
図１の上側偏光板１から入射した光は調光素子で反射さ
れるので反射型の表示装置となる。Example 3 A liquid crystal cell in which a mixture of a cholesteric liquid crystal and a P-type nematic liquid crystal was sandwiched between substrates of a polymer film having a transparent electrode and a thickness of 50 μm was used as a light control element. And EL was used as a light source. When no voltage is applied to the light control element, the light control device is in a light scattering state, and the light incident from the polarizing plate 1 in FIG. 1 is reflected by the light control element, so that a reflective display device is obtained. Further, when an AC voltage is applied to the light control element by using the drive circuit 17, the light control element is brought into a transparent state, so that the light source is turned on to form a transmissive display device. [Example 4] A thickness of 50 with a transparent electrode as a light control element
A liquid crystal cell in which an N-type nematic liquid crystal was sandwiched between substrates of a polymer film having a thickness of μm was used. At this time, alignment treatment by a rubbing method is performed so that liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a certain direction on the surface of the polymer film substrate facing each other. EL was used as the light source. When no voltage is applied to the light control element, the light control element is in a transparent state, so that a transmissive display device is obtained. In addition, when a low-frequency AC voltage having a cut-off frequency or lower is applied to the light control element, the light enters a light scattering state and the light incident from the upper polarizing plate 1 in FIG. It becomes a device.
【０００９】〔実施例５〕調光素子として透明電極の付
いた厚さ５０μｍの高分子フィルムの基板間にイオン剤
を混合したＮ型のネマチック液晶を挟持した液晶セルを
用いた。このとき対向する高分子フィルム基板表面上の
一方には液晶分子が一定方向に配向するように配向処理
がされており、もう一方は無配向状態となっている。そ
して光源としてはＥＬを用いた。この調光素子に電圧を
印加しない時は透明状態となるので透過型の表示装置と
なる。また、この調光素子に電圧を印加することにより
光散乱状態となり図１の上側偏光板１から入射した光は
調光素子で反射されるので反射型の表示装置となる。Example 5 As a light control element, a liquid crystal cell was used in which an N-type nematic liquid crystal mixed with an ionic agent was sandwiched between substrates of a polymer film having a transparent electrode and a thickness of 50 μm. At this time, one of the surfaces of the polymer film substrate facing each other is subjected to the alignment treatment so that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a certain direction, and the other is in the non-aligned state. EL was used as the light source. When no voltage is applied to the light control element, the light control element is in a transparent state, so that a transmissive display device is obtained. Further, when a voltage is applied to the light control element, the light enters a light scattering state, and the light incident from the upper polarizing plate 1 in FIG. 1 is reflected by the light control element, so that a reflection type display device is obtained.
【００１０】〔実施例６〕実施例１から実施例５までに
おいて、調光素子の電極基板として上下のどちらか一
方、あるいは両方をガラス基板としても実施例１から実
施例５までと同様の効果が得られた。[Embodiment 6] In Embodiments 1 to 5, the same effect as in Embodiments 1 to 5 can be obtained even if one or both of the upper and lower electrode substrates of the light control element are glass substrates. was gotten.
【００１１】〔実施例７〕実施例１から実施例６までの
構造を持つ液晶表示装置をパソコンの表示装置として用
いた。そうするとパソコンの使用環境の周囲の明るさに
応じて、明るいところでは反射型として、暗いところで
は透過型として使用することができ、暗い室内から明る
い屋外までの広範囲での使用が可能となった。[Embodiment 7] A liquid crystal display device having the structure of Embodiments 1 to 6 was used as a display device of a personal computer. Then, depending on the ambient brightness of the environment in which the PC is used, it can be used as a reflective type in a bright place and as a transmissive type in a dark place, and can be used in a wide range from a dark room to a bright outdoors.
【００１２】〔実施例８〕実施例１から実施例６までの
構造を持つ液晶表示装置を大型コンピューターやワーク
ステーションの表示端末装置として用いた。そうすると
表示端末の使用環境の周囲の明るさに応じて、明るいと
ころでは反射型として、暗いところでは透過型として使
用することができ、暗い室内から明るい屋外までの広範
囲での使用が可能となった。[Embodiment 8] The liquid crystal display device having the structure of Embodiments 1 to 6 was used as a display terminal device of a large computer or a workstation. Then, depending on the ambient brightness of the environment in which the display terminal is used, it can be used as a reflective type in a bright place and as a transmissive type in a dark place, and can be used in a wide range from a dark room to a bright outdoors. ..
【００１３】〔実施例９〕図１の構造の液晶表示装置か
ら光源５を除き、偏光板１，３と文字や図形を表示する
液晶セル２と調光素子４からなる液晶表示装置を商店等
のインテリア窓ガラスに用いた実施例を図２に示す。偏
光板１を室内側、調光素子４を屋外側となるように配置
し、屋外が明るい場合には透過型として、また室内が明
るい場合には反射型として文字や図形を表示するように
した。図２の構造の液晶表示装置を図３のように窓ガラ
スの一部に使用したところ良好なインテリア窓ガラスと
して使用することができた。[Embodiment 9] A liquid crystal display device having the structure shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment used for the interior window glass. The polarizing plate 1 is arranged on the indoor side and the light control element 4 is arranged on the outdoor side so that characters and figures are displayed as a transmissive type when the outdoor is bright and a reflective type when the indoor is bright. .. When the liquid crystal display device having the structure of FIG. 2 was used for a part of the window glass as shown in FIG. 3, it could be used as a good interior window glass.
【００１４】また、調光素子により透過状態と光散乱状
態を切り替えられるのでブラインドとしても使用するこ
ともできる。Further, since it can be switched between the transmission state and the light scattering state by the light control element, it can also be used as a blind.
【００１５】なお上記の各実施例に対して図１の構造の
液晶表示装置に対して偏光板１，３の間に光学的異方体
等の別の構成要素が加わった場合でも本発明による効果
に変わりがないことは言うまでもない。It should be noted that in the liquid crystal display device having the structure shown in FIG. 1 for each of the above-described embodiments, even if another component such as an optically anisotropic body is added between the polarizing plates 1 and 3, according to the present invention. It goes without saying that the effect remains the same.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によれば、偏光
板の外側に調光素子を備えることにより、透過型と反射
型との切り替えが可能で明るい表示装置が得られるとい
う効果を有する。As described above, according to the present invention, by providing the light control element outside the polarizing plate, it is possible to obtain a bright display device capable of switching between the transmission type and the reflection type. ..
【図１】本発明の液晶表示装置の構造を示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の一実施例を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
１．上側偏光板 ２．表示用液晶セル ３．下側偏光板 ４．調光素子 ５．光源 ６．液晶セルの上側電極基板 ７．液晶セルの下側電極基板 ８．液晶 ９．調光素子の上側電極基板 １０．調光素子の下側電極基板 １１．光散乱を示す部材 １２．上側電極 １３．下側電極 １４．上側電極 １５．下側電極 １６．表示用液晶セル駆動回路 １７．調光素子駆動回路 1. Upper polarizing plate 2. Liquid crystal cell for display 3. Lower polarizing plate 4. Light control element 5. Light source 6. Upper electrode substrate of liquid crystal cell 7. Lower electrode substrate of liquid crystal cell 8. Liquid crystal 9. Upper electrode substrate of light control device 10. Lower electrode substrate of light control element 11. Member showing light scattering 12. Upper electrode 13. Lower electrode 14. Upper electrode 15. Lower electrode 16. Liquid crystal cell drive circuit for display 17. Dimming element drive circuit
Claims (5)
れ配向したネマチック液晶を挟持してなる液晶セルと、
前記液晶セルを挟んで両側に配置された一対の偏光板か
らなる液晶表示装置において、前記一対の偏光板の外側
に調光素子を備えることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。1. A liquid crystal cell in which twisted and aligned nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between two electrode substrates arranged to face each other,
A liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of polarizing plates arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, wherein a liquid crystal display device is provided outside the pair of polarizing plates.
とする請求項１記載の液晶表示装置。2. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a light control element exhibiting light scattering is used.
とする請求項１記載の液晶表示装置。3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a light source provided outside the light control element.
を特徴とする窓ガラス。4. A window glass comprising the liquid crystal display device according to claim 2.
を特徴とする情報機器。5. An information device comprising the liquid crystal display device according to claim 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4012840A JPH05203937A (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Liquid crystal display device, window glass and information equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4012840A JPH05203937A (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Liquid crystal display device, window glass and information equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05203937A true JPH05203937A (en) | 1993-08-13 |
Family
ID=11816584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4012840A Pending JPH05203937A (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Liquid crystal display device, window glass and information equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05203937A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6710831B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-23 | Rockwell Scientific Licensing, Llc | High brightness transflective LCD and method using tunable mirror |
| JP2009051133A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-03-12 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Laminated body and optical property control method using the same |
-
1992
- 1992-01-28 JP JP4012840A patent/JPH05203937A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6710831B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-23 | Rockwell Scientific Licensing, Llc | High brightness transflective LCD and method using tunable mirror |
| JP2009051133A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-03-12 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Laminated body and optical property control method using the same |
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