JPH051908A - Light receiving device for street survey of railway rail - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a light-receiving device for a street survey of a railway rail for efficiently performing a street survey using a laser beam. [Structure] A light emitting device 1 which sets a reference line 13 along one reference rail 11 of a pair of rails parallel to a rail rail R, and irradiates a laser beam LB in a direction parallel to the reference line 13.
Is arranged near the reference rail 11. The trolley 4 movable on the rail R is equipped with the light receiver 2, and the light receiver 2 is converted by the positioning means so that the light receiver 21 maintains a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail 11. While moving the carriage 4 while positioning the carriage 4 for each measurement point, the distance from the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB at each measurement point p1 to p4 between the two points A and B is determined based on the output of the light receiver 2. It is something to measure. Also, trolley 4
There is provided a horizontal adjusting means for keeping the light receiver 2 horizontal in accordance with the movement of.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is for measuring the amount of bending of a railroad rail in a horizontal direction, and is a method for measuring the amount of bending of a railroad rail by receiving laser light emitted in a direction substantially parallel to the railroad rail. The invention relates to a light receiving device.

2. Description of the Related Art Train sway that affects riding comfort on a railroad is mainly caused by track misalignment, and it has been revealed in recent years that long-wavelength track misalignment is significantly involved in train sway. . There are two types of orbital deviation measurement: leveling measurement that measures vertical deviations (high and low deviations), and street measurement that measures left and right deviations (passing deviations). In conventional surveying, the method of measuring the gap between the rail stretched between two points on the rail and the rail, which is called the 10m chord method or the 20m chord method, is used. A method has been used in which a surveying instrument equipped with a telescope called a transit is installed on a reference line connecting two points, and each measurement point is collimated to measure the gap between the reference line and the rail. But,
The 10 m string Masaya method and the 20 m string Masaya method have drawbacks in that the yarn vibrates due to wind or the like and accurate measurement cannot be performed, or the bending of a rail having a wavelength longer than the string length cannot be measured. In addition, the method using the transit has a drawback that it is difficult to measure at a pitch of a long distance and a reading error may occur. Therefore, in recent years, a method using a laser beam has been proposed as a method for solving the drawbacks of the surveying method as described above. That is, a laser beam is irradiated in parallel to a reference line connecting two points on the rail, and a photodetector formed by arranging light receiving element rows in a one-dimensional direction is placed on the rail in a horizontal plane at each measurement point on the rail. It is pressed at a right angle and the amount of separation between the reference line and the rail is measured based on the position where the laser beam is received by the light receiving element.

However, in the conventional survey using such a laser beam, the work of contacting the reference rail at a right angle while keeping the optical receiver always horizontal is carried out by a plurality of operations along the reference line. Since it is necessary to repeat the measurement at each measurement position, the work efficiency is poor, and it is difficult to quickly measure and quickly make a conclusion, and it is difficult to maintain or improve the line. The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems of the conventional techniques, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a railroad railroad surveying light-receiving device for efficiently performing a surveying operation using a laser beam. Has an aim.

The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is to measure the horizontal bending amount of a railroad rail (R). ), A light receiving device for street surveying of a railroad rail that receives laser light emitted in a direction substantially parallel to the light receiving part (21) having a light receiving part (21) of a predetermined length in a one-dimensional direction; A truck (4) that moves along the rail (R) and supports the light receiving section (21) so that the light receiving section (21) extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rail (R) in a horizontal plane.
And the light receiver (2) crosses the rail (R) in order to maintain the light receiving unit (21) and one of the two rails (R) parallel to each other in a fixed positional relationship. A light-receiving device for surveying as in a railroad rail (R), which is provided with a positioning means for changing the direction. 2 With respect to the inclination of the carriage (4) caused by the relative vertical displacement of the two lines of the railroad rail (R), the light receiver (2) is horizontally moved along the movement of the carriage (4). 2. A method for measuring a railroad track by a trolley according to item 1, further comprising:

In the street survey, one of a pair of rails parallel to each other is used as the reference rail (11) and the reference rail (11) is measured. If the condition of the reference rail (11) is grasped and examined by measurement and the limit is exceeded, the other rail (12) will be combined and repair work will be performed. First, as a preparatory step for measurement, one of a pair of rails parallel to each other is used as a reference rail (11), and two points (A, B) spaced apart from this reference rail (11) are determined.
A line connecting the points (A, B) is set as a reference line (13). The trolley (4) equipped with the light receiver (2) is arranged so as to be able to travel on the railroad rail corresponding to these two points (A, B). During measurement, the light receiver (2) is held by the positioning means so as to maintain a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail (11) which is one of the two rails of the rail (R) parallel to each other. Therefore, the laser beam (LB) is emitted from the light emitter (1) arranged near the reference rail (11) in a direction parallel to the reference line (13). The light receiving portion (2) of the light receiver (2) extending in the direction orthogonal to the reference rail (11) in the horizontal plane.
1) receives the laser beam (LB), and the distance from the reference rail (11) to the laser beam (LB) at two points (A, B) separated by the position where the light is received is measured by the light receiver (2) and measured. Get the reference value for. Now that the preparation is complete, each measurement point (p1 to p) between the two points (A, B)
Move the carriage (4) to measure in 4). When moving, the light receiver (2) is converted by the positioning means to a position that intersects the rail rail (R) and is separated from the reference rail (11), and moves without interference.
When the carriage (4) stops at the measuring point, the positioning means again transforms and holds the light receiver (2) to maintain a constant positional relationship with the reference line (11). In this way, even if the carriage (4) moves, the light receiving unit (21) maintains a constant positional relationship with the reference rail (11) and emits the laser beam (LB) at each measurement point (p1 to p4). The distance from the reference rail (11) to the laser beam (LB) at each measurement point (p1 to p4) is successively measured based on the received output of the light receiver (2). The measurement result of each measurement point (p1 to p4) does not need correction when the reference line (13) and the laser beam (LB) are exactly parallel, but if necessary, at two points (A, B). The inclination is corrected by the reference value to obtain an accurate horizontal deviation amount of the reference rail (11) from the reference line (13). Also, two rails (11, 12) parallel to the railroad rail.
When there is a relative vertical displacement of the carriage, it is adjusted by the horizontal adjusting means so that the light receiver (2) is kept horizontal with respect to the inclination of the carriage (4) regardless of the movement of the carriage (4). To

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the railroad rail R is composed of a pair of rails 11 and 12 that are parallel to each other. One of the rails 11 and 12 of the railroad rail R is a reference rail 11, and the reference rail 1
The reference line 13 connecting the two points A and B on 1 is set, and the horizontal distance of the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13 is measured for each of the measurement points p1 to p4 between the two points A and B. . The schematic configuration of the surveying device for carrying out the surveying method is shown. The surveying device is a light emitting device 1 arranged near the reference rail 11.
And a light receiver 2 mounted on the carriage 4 and a counting means (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, the light emitter 1 irradiates the laser beam LB along the reference rail 11 in a direction substantially parallel to the reference rail 11. The laser beam emitted from the laser diode is collimated by a collimator lens. Then, by bending the pentamirror at a right angle and rotating the pentamirror by a motor, a parallel beam of the laser beam LB can be emitted over the entire circumference of 360 degrees. This configuration is known as an electronic level that emits a level ray in the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, this electron level is tilted sideways as shown in FIG. 3 so that a parallel beam of a laser beam can be emitted in the entire 360 degrees around the horizontal axis in the vertical plane. The light receiver 2 is mounted on a carriage 4 movable along the rails 11 and 12, and is arranged so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the reference rail 11.
The electronic staff is provided with the light receiving unit 21 over the length of 500 mm in the extending direction and in the one-dimensional direction. Since a plurality of light receiving element rows are continuously provided in the light receiving section 21 and the light receiving element is different depending on the position where the laser beam LB is received, when the laser beam LB is received, it is applied to the reference rail 11 by the reaction of the light receiving element. The distance from the base end to the laser beam LB is measured. The dolly 4 supports the light receiver 2 such that the base end of the light receiver 2 contacts the reference surface of the inner surface of the reference rail 11 or the base end has a predetermined accurate positional relationship with the reference rail 11 in a horizontal plane. is doing. On the upper surface of the light receiver 2, there are provided a display 22 for numerically displaying the light receiving position of the light receiving element of the light receiving unit 21 which has received the laser beam LB, and a level 23 for indicating the levelness. In this embodiment, in order to improve efficiency in surveying, two carriages 4 and 4 are used.
Are arranged symmetrically, but it goes without saying that even if only one unit is used, surveying can be performed by alternately using it on both sides of the light emitter 1. FIG. 1 shows the entire dolly 4 equipped with the light receiver 2. Trolley 4 is 2 in the center
A base plate 41 that can be folded into three folds, and three wheels 4 that are rotatably mounted on both ends of the base plate 41 via bearings.
It has 2, 43, 44 and a mounting portion 45 for supporting the light receiver 2. A pair of legs 46 and 47 is provided at one end of the mounting portion 45.
Is provided, and a horizontal adjusting means is provided at the other end.
The horizontal adjusting means includes a pair of levers 31 and 32 pivotally supported on both side surfaces of the base plate 41 and the levers 31 and 3.
The rod 33 that connects the ends of the two and the operation knob 34 that is formed with the screw portion that is screwed with the nut fixed to the lever 31.
The rod 33 supports the mounting portion 45. As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, a fixing member 51 is fixedly provided on the back surface of the base plate 41. The fixing member 51 has a pair of through holes in the axial direction of the wheels 42 to 44, and a U-shaped steel rod 52 slidably inserted into the through holes.
Is provided. Both ends of the steel rod 52 are fixed to the moving member 53, and a coil spring 54 is stretched between the steel rod 52 and the moving member 53. The legs 46 and 47 at one end of the mounting portion 45 protrude downward through the notches formed at one end of the base plate 41, the grooves formed at the lower ends of the legs 46 and 47 fit into the steel rod 52, and the mounting portion 45 becomes It is configured to be displaced integrally with the sliding of the steel rod 52. Further, an operation lever 55 is provided on the base plate 41 so as to be swingable around a fulcrum 56, and a cable 57 is coupled to the tip of the operation lever 55 penetrating the base plate 41 and protruding downward. . The cable 57 is slidably inserted into the tube 58 fixed to the base plate 41, and the end portion is connected to the moving member 53.
That is, when the operation lever 55 is tilted in the arrow C direction, the cable 57 is pulled in the arrow D direction, and the moving member 53 and the steel rod 52 move in the arrow E direction. Positioning reference members 48 and 49 are provided at the tips of the legs 46 and 47 at the ends of the mounting portion 45. As the steel rod 52 moves in the arrow E direction, as shown in FIG. 48 and 49 come into contact with the reference surface on the inner side surface of the reference rail 11, and in this state, one end surface of the light receiver 2 is
Is in a measurement reference position for maintaining a constant positional relationship with the light receiver 2 and the mounting portion 45, and holds this state.
The above constitutes a positioning means for converting the light receiver 2 in the direction intersecting the rail R. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the position a is sequentially shifted in the vertical direction of the mounting portion 45 in correspondence with the distance from the measurement reference position to the laser beam LB.
The total length of the mounting portion 45 is set to be three times as long as that of the light receiver 2 so that the light receiver 2 can be appropriately installed and fixed to 1, a2 and a3. Therefore, when the laser beam LB can be received within the range L1 from the measurement reference position, the light receiver 2 is installed at the position a1, and when the laser beam LB can be received within the range L2 and beyond the distance L2, the position a2 is provided. Distance L
When light can be received within the range of 3 or less, they are arranged at positions a3, respectively. Positioning at each installation position is performed by fitting the handle 24 provided in the light receiver 2 into the long holes b1, b2, b3 formed in the mounting portion 45. Next, the operation will be described. In the street survey, one of a pair of rails parallel to the rail rail R is used as the reference rail 11, and the street of the reference rail 11 is measured. If the state of the reference rail 11 is grasped and examined by measurement and it exceeds the limit,
The other rail 12 will be put together and the repair work will be performed. First, as a preparatory step for measurement, one of a pair of rails parallel to each other is set as a reference rail 11, two points A and B separated from the reference rail 11 are determined, and these two points A,
The line connecting B is set as the reference line 13. Two carriages 4 and 4 equipped with the photodetector 2 are arranged so as to be able to travel on the railroad rail corresponding to these two points A and B. The positioning reference members 48 and 49 at the end of the mounting portion 45 contact the reference surface of the inner surface of the reference rail 11, and as shown in FIG. 3, one end surface of the light receiver 2 is in a constant position with the reference rail 11 in this state. It is in a measurement reference position that maintains the relationship. Next, the laser beam LB is emitted from the light emitting device 1 arranged near the reference rail 11 in a direction parallel to the reference line 13.
Irradiate. The light receiving portion 21 of the light receiver 2 extending in the direction orthogonal to the reference rail 11 in the horizontal plane receives the laser beam LB, and the distance from the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB at two points A and B separated by the light receiving position. It is measured by the light receiver 2. Carts 4 placed at reference points A and B
The display value h of the light receivers 2 and 2 of No. 4 is read, and the direction of the light emitter 1 is adjusted so that the values of both may match. As a result, the emission direction of the laser beam LB coincides with the temporary reference line 14 parallel to the reference line 13 connecting the reference points A and B, and the reference value h for measurement is obtained. Now that the preparation is complete, 2 points A,
The dolly 4 is moved to measure at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 between B. To move the operation lever 5 in the state shown in FIG.
When 5 is operated in the direction of the arrow, the moving member 53 moves to the left in the figure integrally with the steel rod 52 and the mounting portion 45 by the urging force of the coil spring 54, and the positioning reference member 4 is moved.
8, 49 separate from the inner surface of the reference rail 11 (see FIG. 4). Since the carriage 4 is now released, the wheels 42 to 44 are rolled on the rail R to move the carriage 4 to the next measurement point. When the carriage 4 is stopped at the next measuring point, the operating member 55 is operated in the direction of arrow C in FIG.
3 moves rightward in the figure against the urging force of the coil spring 54, and the positioning reference members 48, 4 are inserted through the steel rod 52.
9 is pressed against the inner side surface of the reference rail 11, and as a result, the one end surface of the light receiver 2 is located on the same plane as the side surface of the reference rail 11. Next, while visually observing the level 23, the operation knob 34
Is rotated to make the posture of the light receiver 2 horizontal. By operating a measurement start switch (not shown), the light receiving position of the laser beam LB, that is, the distance i from the inner surface of the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB is numerically displayed on the display 22. Even if the carriage 4 moves in this way, the light receiving unit 21 maintains a constant positional relationship with the reference rail 11, and each of the light receiving units 21 receives the laser beam LB at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 based on the output of the light receiver 2. The distances from the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB at the measurement points p1 to p4 are measured one after another. Then, if the above reference value h is subtracted from the measurement result i of each of the measurement points p1 to p4, the distance d between the reference line 13 and the reference rail 11 at the measurement point is calculated. It should be noted that no correction is necessary in the case of the embodiment in which the reference line 13 and the laser beam LB are exactly parallel, but when they are not parallel, correction is made by the inclination based on different reference values at the two points A and B. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an accurate horizontal separation amount of the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13. By connecting the output of the light receiver 2 to a recording device such as a data recorder, the distance d of the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13 is recorded at each measurement point, and further input to the computer.
It is also possible to perform various types of data processing. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the reference line 13 is a straight line has been described. However, even when the reference line 13 is a circular arc, it can be dealt with by using computer processing together, and measurement can be performed in a curved section. .

According to the railroad railroad surveying photodetector of the present invention, the photodetector is mounted on the trolley, and when the trolley is stopped at the measurement point, the attitude of the photodetector is accurately determined to perform the survey. Since it is possible to move the photodetector to the measurement point, the measurement can be performed quickly, and the maintenance and improvement of the line can be appropriately performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a carriage of a surveying light receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view around a railroad rail showing a measurement state of a streetlight detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a light emitting device and a light receiving device of a light receiving device for surveying according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the carriage of the surveying light receiving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the carriage of the surveying light receiving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a carriage of a surveying light receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Light emitter 2 ... Receiver 21 ... Light receiving part 4 ... trolley 41 ... Base plate 42-44 ... wheels 45 ... Mounting part 48, 49 ... Positioning reference member 11 ... Standard rail LB ... laser beam A, B ... Reference point p1 to p4 ... Measurement points

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] September 11, 1991

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Document name] Statement

[Title of Invention] Light-receiving device for street survey of railway rail

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is for measuring the amount of bending of a railroad rail in a horizontal direction, and is a method for measuring the amount of bending of a railroad rail by receiving laser light emitted in a direction substantially parallel to the railroad rail. The invention relates to a light receiving device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Train sway that affects riding comfort on a railroad is mainly caused by track misalignment, and it has been revealed in recent years that long-wavelength track misalignment is significantly involved in train sway. . There are two types of orbital deviation measurement: leveling measurement that measures vertical deviations (high and low deviations), and street measurement that measures left and right deviations (passing deviations).

In conventional surveying, the 10m string Masaya method or 2
A method called the 0 m chord Masaya method, which measures the gap between the rail stretched between two points on the rail and the rail at predetermined intervals, or a telescope called a transit on the reference line connecting the two points on the rail. A method of measuring the gap between the reference line and the rail by collimating each measurement point by installing a surveying instrument equipped with was used. However, the 10m string Masaya method and the 20m string Masaya method have drawbacks in that the yarn vibrates due to wind and the like, and accurate measurement cannot be performed, or the bending of a rail having a wavelength longer than the string length cannot be measured. It was Also, the method using the transit is difficult to measure at a long distance pitch,
There is a drawback that a reading error may occur.

Therefore, in recent years, a method using a laser beam has been proposed as a method for solving the drawbacks of the surveying method as described above. That is, a laser beam is irradiated in parallel to a reference line connecting two points on the rail, and a photodetector formed by arranging light receiving element rows in a one-dimensional direction is placed on the rail in a horizontal plane at each measurement point on the rail. It is pressed at a right angle and the amount of separation between the reference line and the rail is measured based on the position where the laser beam is received by the light receiving element.

[0005]

However, in the conventional survey using such a laser beam, the work of contacting the reference rail at a right angle while keeping the optical receiver always horizontal is carried out by a plurality of operations along the reference line. Since it is necessary to repeat the measurement at each measurement position, the work efficiency is poor, and it is difficult to quickly measure and quickly make a conclusion, and it is difficult to maintain or improve the line.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems of the prior art as described above, and provides a light receiving device for a railway railroad survey for efficiently performing a street survey using a laser beam. The purpose is to do.

[0007]

The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is to measure the horizontal bending amount of a railroad rail (R). ), A light receiving device for street surveying of a railroad rail that receives laser light emitted in a direction substantially parallel to the light receiving part (21) having a light receiving part (21) of a predetermined length in a one-dimensional direction; A truck (4) that moves along the rail (R) and supports the light receiving section (21) so that the light receiving section (21) extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rail (R) in a horizontal plane.
And the light receiver (2) crosses the rail (R) in order to maintain the light receiving unit (21) and one of the two rails (R) parallel to each other in a fixed positional relationship. A light-receiving device for surveying as in a railroad rail (R), which is provided with a positioning means for changing the direction.

2 With respect to the inclination of the carriage (4) caused by the relative vertical displacement of the two lines of the railroad rail (R), the optical receiver (2) is moved along the movement of the carriage (4). ) Is provided horizontally, and a horizontal adjusting means is provided for horizontally measuring the rail rail by the bogie of claim 1.

[0009]

In the street survey, one of a pair of rails parallel to each other is used as the reference rail (11) and the reference rail (11) is measured. If the condition of the reference rail (11) is grasped and examined by measurement and the limit is exceeded, the other rail (12) will be combined and repair work will be performed.

First, as a preparatory step for measurement, one of a pair of rails parallel to each other is used as a reference rail (11), and two points (A, B) separated from this reference rail (11).
And the line connecting these two points (A, B) is the reference line (1
3). The trolley (4) equipped with the light receiver (2) is arranged so as to be able to travel on the railroad rail corresponding to these two points (A, B).

During measurement, the light receiver (2) is held by the positioning means so as to be maintained in a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail (11) which is one of the two rails of the rail (R) parallel to each other. There is. Therefore, the reference rail (11)
A laser beam (LB) is emitted in a direction parallel to the reference line (13) from the light emitting device (1) arranged in the vicinity of.

A light receiving part (21) of a light receiver (2) extending in a direction orthogonal to the reference rail (11) in a horizontal plane receives a laser beam (LB) and is separated by a position where the light is received.
The distance from the reference rail (11) to the laser beam (LB) at the point (A, B) is measured by the light receiver (2),
Obtain the reference value for the measurement.

Now that the preparation is completed, two points (A,
The carriage (4) is moved to measure at each measurement point (p1 to p4) between B). When moving, the light receiver (2) is converted by the positioning means to a position in a direction intersecting the railroad rail (R) and away from the reference rail (11),
Move without interference.

When the carriage (4) stops at the measuring point, the positioning means again transforms and holds the photodetector (2) so as to maintain a constant positional relationship with the reference line (11). in this way,
The light receiver (21) maintains a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail (11) even if the carriage (4) moves, and the light receiver receives the laser beam (LB) at each measurement point (p1 to p4). Based on the output of (2), the distance from the reference rail (11) to the laser beam (LB) at each measurement point (p1 to p4) is measured one after another.

The measurement results at the respective measurement points (p1 to p4) do not need correction if the reference line (13) and the laser beam (LB) are exactly parallel, but if necessary, two points (A, B). )
The inclination is corrected by the reference value in (1) to obtain an accurate horizontal deviation amount of the reference rail (11) from the reference line (13).

Further, when there is a relative vertical misalignment of the two rails (11, 12) parallel to each other, the horizontal adjustment means adjusts the rails so that the carriage (4) can be adjusted relative to the inclination of the carriage (4). The light receiver (2) is kept horizontal regardless of the movement of (4).

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the railroad rail R is composed of a pair of rails 11 and 12 which are parallel to each other. One of the rails 11 and 12 of the railroad rail R is a reference rail 11, and two points on the reference rail 11 are provided. Reference line 13 connecting A and B
Is set, and the horizontal distance of the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13 is measured at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 between the two points A and B.

A schematic structure of a surveying device for carrying out the surveying method is shown. The surveying device comprises a light emitting device 1 arranged near the reference rail 11, a light receiving device 2 mounted on the carriage 4, and a light emitting device (not shown). And counting means.

As shown in FIG. 3, the light emitter 1 irradiates the laser beam LB along the reference rail 11 in a direction substantially parallel to the reference rail 11. The laser beam emitted from the laser diode is collimated by a collimator lens. It is configured so that a parallel beam of the laser beam LB can be emitted to the entire circumference of 360 degrees by rotating the pentamirror into a parallel beam with a pentamirror and bending the pentamirror at a right angle with a motor. This configuration is known as an electronic level that emits a level ray in the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, this electron level is tilted sideways as shown in FIG. 3 so that a parallel beam of a laser beam can be emitted in the entire 360 degrees around the horizontal axis in the vertical plane.

The light receiver 2 is mounted on a carriage 4 which can move along the rails 11 and 12, and is arranged so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the reference rail 11. The electronic staff is provided with the light receiving unit 21 over a length of 500 mm in the one-dimensional direction. A plurality of light receiving element rows are arranged in series in the light receiving section 21, and the laser beam LB
Since the light receiving element is different depending on the position where the light is received, when the laser beam LB is received, the distance from the base end applied to the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB is measured by the reaction of the light receiving element.

In the carriage 4, the base end of the light receiver 2 is the reference rail 1
The light receiver 2 is supported so as to be in contact with the inner reference surface of the inner surface 1 or to have the base end in a predetermined accurate positional relationship with the reference rail 11 in the horizontal plane. On the upper surface of the light receiver 2, there are provided a display 22 for numerically displaying the light receiving position of the light receiving element of the light receiving unit 21 which has received the laser beam LB, and a level 23 for indicating the levelness.

In this embodiment, the two carriages 4 and 4 are arranged symmetrically in order to increase efficiency in surveying, but even if only one carriage is used on both sides of the light emitter 1, they can be alternately used. Needless to say, it can be measured by.

FIG. 1 shows the entire dolly 4 equipped with the light receiver 2. The dolly 4 includes a base plate 41 that can be folded in two at the center, and three wheels 42, 43, and 44 that are rotatably provided at both ends of the base plate 41 via bearings, respectively.
And a mounting portion 45 that supports the light receiver 2. A pair of legs 46 and 47 is provided at one end of the mounting portion 45, and a horizontal adjusting means is provided at the other end.

The horizontal adjusting means is fixed to the lever 31 and a pair of levers 31 and 32 pivotally supported on both side surfaces of the base plate 41, a rod 33 connecting the tip ends of these levers 31 and 32. The operation knob 34 is formed with a threaded portion that engages with the above nut, and the rod 33 is attached to the attachment portion 45.
To support.

As can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, the base plate 41
A fixing member 51 is fixedly provided on the back surface of the. The fixing member 51 has a pair of through holes in the axial direction of the wheels 42 to 44,
A U-shaped steel rod 52 that is slidably inserted into the through hole is provided. Both ends of the steel rod 52 are movable members 53.
A coil spring 54 is stretched between the steel rod 52 and the moving member 53. Leg 4 at one end of mounting portion 45
6, 47 project downward through a notch formed at one end of the base plate 41, the grooves formed at the lower ends of the legs 46, 47 fit into the steel rod 52, and the mounting portion 45 slides on the steel rod 52. It is configured to be displaced together.

Further, an operation lever 55 is provided on the base plate 41 so as to be swingable around a fulcrum 56, and the base plate 4
A cable 57 is coupled to the tip of the operation lever 55 that penetrates 1 and projects downward. The cable 57 is the base plate 4
It is slidably inserted into the tube 58 fixed to 1, and its end is joined to the moving member 53. That is, when the operation lever 55 is tilted in the arrow C direction, the cable 57 is pulled in the arrow D direction, and the moving member 53 and the steel rod 52 move in the arrow E direction.

Positioning reference members 48 and 49 are provided at the tips of the legs 46 and 47 at the end of the mounting portion 45, and the steel rod 5
When 2 moves in the direction of arrow E, the positioning reference members 48 and 49 come into contact with the reference surface of the inner side surface of the reference rail 11 as shown in FIG. The light receiving device 2 and the mounting portion 45 maintain this state at the measurement reference position where a constant positional relationship with the rail 11 is maintained, and thus the light receiving device 2 is converted to the direction intersecting the rail R. Positioning means is configured.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the photodetector 2 is appropriately installed at the positions a1, a2, a3 which are sequentially shifted in the vertical direction of the mounting portion 45 corresponding to the distance from the measurement reference position to the laser beam LB. The total length of the mounting portion 45 is set to be three times as long as that of the light receiver 2 so that it can be fixed. Therefore, if the laser beam LB can be received within the distance L1 from the measurement reference position, the photodetector 2 is installed at the position a1 and if the laser beam LB can be received within the distance L2 and beyond the position a2.
In addition, when the light can be received within the range exceeding the distance L2 and within the distance L3, it is arranged at the position a3.
Positioning at each installation position is done by the handle 24 provided on the light receiver 2.
Is fitted into the long holes b1, b2, b3 formed in the mounting portion 45.

Next, the operation will be described. For the street survey, one of the pair of rails R in parallel with the rail R is used as the reference rail 11.
Then, the street of this reference rail 11 is measured. If the state of the reference rail 11 is grasped and examined by measurement and the limit is exceeded, the other rail 12 will be put together and repair work will be performed.

First, as a preparatory step for measurement, one of a pair of rails parallel to each other is used as a reference rail 11,
Two points A and B separated from each other on the reference rail 11 are determined, and a line connecting the two points A and B is set as a reference line 13. Two carriages 4 and 4 equipped with the photodetector 2 are arranged so as to be able to travel on the railroad rail corresponding to these two points A and B. The positioning reference members 48 and 49 at the end of the mounting portion 45 contact the reference surface of the inner surface of the reference rail 11, and as shown in FIG. 3, one end surface of the light receiver 2 is in a constant position with the reference rail 11 in this state. It is in a measurement reference position that maintains the relationship.

Next, the laser beam LB is emitted from the light emitting device 1 arranged near the reference rail 11 in a direction parallel to the reference line 13. The light receiving portion 21 of the light receiver 2 extending in the direction orthogonal to the reference rail 11 in the horizontal plane receives the laser beam LB, and the distance from the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB at two points A and B separated by the light receiving position. Light receiver 2
It is measured by.

The display values h of the photodetectors 2 and 2 of the carriages 4 and 4 placed on the reference points A and B are read, and the direction of the light emitter 1 is adjusted so that the values of both agree. As a result, the emission direction of the laser beam LB coincides with the temporary reference line 14 parallel to the reference line 13 connecting the reference points A and B, and the reference value h for measurement is obtained.

Now that the preparation is completed, the carriage 4 is moved to measure at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 between the two points A and B. To move the operation lever 55 in the state shown in FIG.
Is operated in the direction of the arrow, the moving member 53 is moved to the left in the figure integrally with the steel rod 52 and the mounting portion 45 by the biasing force of the coil spring 54, and the positioning reference member 48,
49 separates from the inner surface of the reference rail 11 (see FIG. 4). Since the carriage 4 is now released, the wheels 42 to 44 are rolled on the rail R to move the carriage 4 to the next measurement point.

When the trolley 4 is stopped at the next measuring point, the operating lever 55 is operated in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4, and the moving member 53 moves to the right in the figure against the biasing force of the coil spring 54. Then, the positioning reference member 48,
49 is pressed against the inner surface of the reference rail 11, and as a result,
One end surface of the light receiver 2 is located on the same plane as the side surface of the reference rail 11. Next, while visually checking the level 23, the operation knob 3
4 is rotated to make the posture of the light receiver 2 horizontal. By operating a measurement start switch (not shown), the light receiving position of the laser beam LB, that is, the distance i from the inner surface of the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB is numerically displayed on the display 22.

Even if the carriage 4 moves in this way, the light receiving portion 21
Maintains a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail 11, and the laser beam LB from the reference rail 11 at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 is based on the output of the photodetector 2 that has received the laser beam LB at each of the measurement points p1 to p4. The distance to is measured one after another. Then, if the above reference value h is subtracted from the measurement result i at each of the measurement points p1 to p4, the distance d between the reference line 13 and the reference rail 11 at the measurement point is calculated.

In the case of the above embodiment in which the reference line 13 and the laser beam LB are exactly parallel to each other, no correction is necessary.
If they are not parallel, the reference rail 1 from the reference line 13 is corrected by the inclination based on different reference values at the two points A and B.
An accurate horizontal separation amount of 1 can be obtained. Also, by connecting the output of the light receiver 2 to a recording device such as a data recorder, the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13
It is also possible to perform various data processing by recording the distance d of each of the measurement points for each measurement point and further inputting it to the computer.

In the above embodiment, the reference line 13
Although the case where the reference line 13 is a straight line has been described, it can be dealt with even when the reference line 13 is a circular arc by using computer processing, and the measurement can be performed in a curved section.

[0039]

According to the railroad railroad surveying photodetector of the present invention, the photodetector is mounted on the trolley, and when the trolley is stopped at the measurement point, the attitude of the photodetector is accurately determined to perform the survey. Since it is possible to move the photodetector to the measurement point, the measurement can be performed quickly, and the maintenance and improvement of the line can be appropriately performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a carriage of a surveying light receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view around a railroad rail showing a measurement state of a streetlight detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a light emitting device and a light receiving device of a light receiving device for surveying according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the carriage of the surveying light receiving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the carriage of the surveying light receiving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a carriage of a surveying light receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 ... Light emitter 2 ... Receiver 21 ... Light receiving part 4 ... trolley 41 ... Base plate 42-44 ... wheels 45 ... Mounting part 48, 49 ... Positioning reference member 11 ... Standard rail LB ... laser beam A, B ... Reference point p1 to p4 ... Measurement points

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A light receiving device for measuring a line of a railway rail, which is for measuring a horizontal bending amount of a railway rail, and which receives a laser beam irradiated in a direction substantially parallel to the railway rail. A light receiver having a light receiving portion of a predetermined length in the original direction, and a carriage that moves along the railroad rail and supports the light receiving portion so that the light receiving portion extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the railroad rail in a horizontal plane. And positioning means for diverting the light receiver in a direction intersecting with the rail in order to maintain a constant positional relationship between the light receiving portion and one of two rails parallel to the rail. A light receiving device for street surveys of railway rails. 2. A horizontal adjusting means for maintaining the light receiver horizontal along the movement of the carriage with respect to the inclination of the carriage due to the relative vertical displacement of the two rail lines. The light-receiving device for street surveying of a railway rail according to claim 1, wherein