JPH05186303A - Flowering promoter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a new flower blooming promoter capable of replacing low temperature treatment to plants or capable of further enhancing low temperature effect and giving no influence other than flower blooming on plants. CONSTITUTION:The objective flower blooming promoter contains a natural type abscisic acid as an active ingredient. Flower budding, flower stalk development and blooming (jarovization) of wheat, vegetables, bulbs and flowers at low temperature are promoted by treating seeds, bulbs or plant bodies with the natural type abscisic acid.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Object of the Invention]

[0002]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the use of natural abscisic acid, which is useful as a plant flowering promoter. More specifically, the present invention relates to a flowering promoter that accelerates flower bud formation and bolting / flowering (verification) of wheat, vegetables, bulbs, flowers, etc. at low temperatures, that is, accelerates flowering time and / or increases the number of flowers. Is.

[0003]

The flowering of many plants is regulated by seasonal changes. Low temperature is one of the main environmental factors. Many plants such as wheat, barley and rye, wheat such as peas, beans such as peas, vegetables such as Japanese radish, spinach and carrots, and flowers such as lilies, freesia and iris are seeds or plants or bulbs at low temperature for a certain period. When exposed, the subsequent high temperature forms flower buds and promotes flowering. The induction of flower bud formation by such low temperature is called vernalization. In these plants, the low temperature in winter plays an important role in inducing flowering, and it is possible to control the flowering time by artificially applying low temperature. It is also known that gibberellin has a flowering-promoting action on these plants, although not all plants.

[0004] Accelerating flowering is often useful agriculturally, for example, by accelerating the harvest time and shipping time, and shortening the breeding period in cultivation for the purpose of breeding. Therefore, low temperature treatment or gibberellin treatment may be applied to these plants to promote flowering.

On the other hand, abscisic acid, which is one of the plant hormones, has plant physiological actions such as growth inhibitory action, stomatal closing action, ripening improving action and defoliation action, and is known to be used as a preservative for rose cut flowers. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10860/1990)
No. 1) has no known effect of promoting flowering.

[0006]

The artificial low-temperature treatment has a large economical burden on facilities and temperature management, and the gibberellin treatment is not effective for some plants, and sometimes the plants are prolonged. have. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of a new flowering accelerator that can replace low temperature treatment or that can enhance the low temperature effect and that does not affect plants other than flowering.

[0007]

[Constitution of the invention]

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of years of intensive studies on the production and activity of natural abscisic acid [(+)-2-cis-4-trans-abscisic acid], the present inventors have found that natural abscisin The present invention has been completed by discovering that the treatment of seeds, bulbs, or plants with acid promotes flower bud formation, bolting, and flowering of plants at low temperatures, that is, accelerates flowering time and / or increases the number of flowers. Came to do.

The natural abscisic acid used in the present invention is
It can be produced by any method, for example, JP-A-63-2.
According to the method described in Japanese Patent No. 96697 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-296696, a large amount can be produced by culturing Botrytis cinerea.

To formulate the flowering promoter of the present invention, various conventional carriers and various auxiliary agents can be added to the active ingredient and used in the form of a liquid preparation, a wettable powder, a flowable preparation and the like. Examples of the carrier used in the present invention include solid carriers such as clay, talc, bentonite, kaolin, diatomaceous earth and silica, or benzene, xylene, toluene, kerosene, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene). Glycol), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone), N-
A liquid carrier such as methylpyrrolidone is used. Appropriate surfactants and other auxiliaries, such as stabilizers and spreading agents, may be added to these in appropriate amounts to formulate and be used.
Also, to stabilize and promote the effect, a spreading agent, a wetting agent,
Agricultural adjuvants such as dispersants, sticking agents and disintegrants can be used in combination.

[0011] Any of the preparations containing them can be used alone as they are and other pesticides, that is, pesticides,
It can also be used as a mixture with a fungicide, a plant growth regulator, and the like.

[0012]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, the amount of application of natural abscisic acid to seeds, bulbs, plants, etc. can be appropriately determined according to the dosage form, the type of plant to be applied, the application period, etc. There is no limit, but as a guide, usually,
0.001-10 ppm, preferably 0.01-5 pp
m abscisic acid is soaked in seeds, bulbs and plants under low temperature conditions, or 10-100 ppm abscisic acid is sprayed on the plants at a rate of 5-10 liters per are. More specifically, for example, in the case of radish, 0.1 to 1 ppm is particularly preferable in order to accelerate the flowering time and increase the number of flowering by soaking seeds. Further, for example, when spraying treatment is performed to increase the number of flowers of wheat, 20 to 100 ppm is particularly preferable. As described above, the optimum concentration for accelerating flowering or increasing the number of flowers varies greatly depending on the type of plant or the method of treatment. When the germinated seeds, bulbs or plants treated in this manner are cultivated under conditions of temperature and day length suitable for flowering, bolting and flowering are promoted, the flowering time is accelerated and / or the number of flowers is increased. To do

Crop to which the flowering promoter of the present invention is applied is a plant whose flowering is promoted by low temperature, such as wheat, cruciferous or cruciferous vegetables, aeriaceous vegetables, beans such as peas,
Flowers such as lilies, freesia, and irises can be mentioned.

The present invention will be further described below with reference to formulation examples and examples. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the effect of abscisic acid obtained from Japanese radish and radish is the only effect of these vegetables. Not just wheat, beans and beans
The same effect can be expected in flowers.

The present invention will be described more specifically below with reference to test examples and formulation examples.

[0016]

【Example】

[0017]

[Formulation example]

(Formulation Example 1) (Solution) 100 mg of natural abscisic acid was dissolved in 1 ml of ethyl alcohol, and water was added to make 100 ml.
A 000 ppm solution was obtained. To this, new gramine was added as a spreading agent so as to be 0.1%.

(Formulation Example 2) (Wettable powder) 1 g of natural abscisic acid and 9 g of carrier were uniformly mixed and ground to obtain a wettable powder containing 10% of natural abscisic acid.

(Formulation Example 3) (Wettable powder) Natural abscisic acid 25%, dodecylbenzene sulfonate 2.5%, lignin sulfonate 2.5
% And diatomaceous earth 70% were mixed and ground to obtain a wettable powder.

(Formulation Example 4) (Emulsion) Natural abscisic acid 15%, cyclohexanone 35%, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether 1
1%, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 4% and methylnaphthalene 35% were uniformly dissolved to obtain an emulsion.

(Formulation Example 5) (Granule) 5% of natural abscisic acid, 2% of sodium salt of lauryl alcohol sulfate, 5% of sodium ligninsulfonate, 2% of sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose and 86% of clay are uniformly added. Mix and grind.
20 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of this mixture, and the mixture was kneaded, processed into granules of 14 to 32 mesh using an extrusion granulator, and then dried to obtain granules.

(Formulation Example 6) (Dust) A natural abscisic acid (2%), diatomaceous earth (5%) and clay (93%) were uniformly mixed and ground to give a powder.

[0023]

【The invention's effect】

[0024]

[Test example]

(Test Example 1) Flowering promotion effect by seed soaking treatment of Japanese radish Seeds of early summer variety No. 3 and disease-resistant total fat are placed in the dark 25
Water-absorption treatment was carried out at ℃, and the germinating seeds 26 hours after the start of water absorption were placed on a petri dish with a diameter of 5.5 cm and 0.01 to 50 ppm.
Add 3 ml of natural abscisic acid solution in
Immersion treatment and low temperature treatment were performed for 0 days. After the treatment, two individuals each were sowed in a 6 × 6 cm plastic pot filled with artificial soil, and cultivated in a greenhouse under a light condition of 14 hours with fluorescent lamp supplementation.

The investigation was carried out over time after the low temperature treatment was completed for the presence or absence of bolting, buds, flowering and stem length. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Early summer No. 3, disease-resistant total fat, 0.0
An acceleration effect was shown at 5 to 10 ppm.

[0026]

[Table 1] Effect of natural type abscisic acid on bolting and flowering of Japanese radish (Natsumi no Wassei 3) ──────────────────────── ──────────── ABA (ppm) Bolting rate (%) Bud rate (%) Flowering rate (%) Stem length (cm) ──────────── ──────────────────────── 0 10.0 0.0 30.0 0.82 ± 0.06 0.01 12.5 0.0 55.6 0.86 ± 0.18 0.05 55.6 11.1 50.0 1.24 ± 0.65 0.1 60.0 60.0 80.0 2.37 ± 1.52 0. 5 60.0 40.0 100.0 1.84 ± 1.38 1.0 70.0 70.0 90.0 2.88 ± 1.88 5.0 100.0 66.7 87.5 4. 58 ± 3.47 10.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 2.2 ± 1.80 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.80 ± 0.0 ──────────────────────────── ───────── In addition, the bleeding rate, bud rate and stem length are 18 after the low temperature treatment.
The day and flowering rates showed the results of the survey on the 32nd day.

[0027]

[Table 2] Effect of natural abscisic acid on bolting and flowering of Japanese radish (all disease-resistant fat) ─────────────────────────── ────────── ABA (ppm) Bolting rate (%) Bud rate (%) Flowering rate (%) Stem length (cm) ─────────────── ───────────────────── 0 33.0 0.0 77.8 2.12 ± 1.30 0.01 33.3 0.0 60.0 2.13 ± 1.05 0.05 40.0 0.0 90.0 2.15 ± 1.07 0.1 70.0 10.3 100.0 3.84 ± 2.32 0.5 88. 9 33.3 100.0 5.21 ± 3.29 1.0 60.0 30.0 66.7 5.06 ± 2.50 5.0 62.5 62.5 87.5 5.90 ± 4 .44 10.0 0.0 0.0 42.9 0.83 ± 0.08 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.8 ± 0.0 ─────────────────────────────── ───── The bleeding rate and the bud rate are the results of the survey on the 14th day after the end of the low temperature treatment, the stem length is on the 18th day, and the flowering rate is on the 31st day.

(Test Example 2) Flower-promoting effect of radish seed soaking treatment Seed of cultivar Akamaru Twenty-day Japanese radish was subjected to water absorption treatment in the dark at 25 ° C., and germinated seeds with a diameter of 5.5 cm 3 days after the start of water absorption. The plate was placed on a petri dish, 3 ml of 5 and 10 ppm of natural abscisic acid was put therein, and immersion treatment and low temperature treatment were carried out at 4 ° C. in the dark for 30 days. 6x6c filled with artificial soil after treatment
Two individual plants were sown in m plastic pots and cultivated in a greenhouse under natural daylength conditions from March 20. The bolting rate on the 23rd day after seeding and the flowering rate on the 33rd day were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 3. The bolting and flowering of radish was significantly promoted by the seed soaking treatment with abscisic acid.

[0029]

[Table 3] Effect of natural abscisic acid on bolting and flowering of radish ──────────────────────────────── ──── 23rd day 33rd day of abscisic acid concentration (ppm) Number of surveys Bolting rate (%) Flowering rate (%) ─────────────────── ───────────────── 0 9 50.0 0 16.6.7 5 8 88.7 6 50.0 0 10 9 88.8 9 100.0 ───────── ─────────────────────────── (Test Example 3) Increasing the number of flowerings by seed treatment of Japanese radish It was soaked in water for 2 hours at room temperature and slightly germinated. The vernalization treatment was carried out at 5 ° C. for 20 days. During this time, the seeds were well placed with water or natural abscisic acid solution, placed on paper and placed in petri dishes to prevent transpiration. The vernalized seeds were sown in pots with a diameter of 15 cm and a depth of 15 cm filled with vermiculite, and 5 seeds were grown per pot. Cultivation was carried out in a greenhouse where the night temperature was 20 ° C or higher and the daytime temperature was 30 ° C or lower. The day length during the cultivation period was a long day condition in which, in addition to the natural day length, light was supplemented with 5000 lux until 11 pm.

The number of flowering per individual in the natural abscisic acid treatment group and the non-treatment group was examined for 5 individuals in each group, and the average value thereof is shown in Table 4.

[0031]

[Table 4] ──────────────────────────────────── Abscisic acid Survey average value of 5 individuals in each section Treatment Concentration (ppm) Number of days from seeding to flowering (days) Number of flowers (pieces) ──────────────────────────────── ───── 0 (water) 28.2 29.0 0.4 26.8 35.8 ────────────────────────── ─────────── By 0.4ppm treatment, flowering was accelerated and the number of flowering was increased.

(Test Example 4) Increase in the number of flowering (graining) of wheat Seeds of cultivar Prelude Wheat are soaked in water for 2 days at room temperature to germinate, and then sown in a pot with a diameter of 16 cm placed in the open field. Four individuals were cultivated per pot. Cultivation was started at the time when the low temperature effect was expressed in the natural conditions of the open field (April 14). At the beginning of panicle formation (April 22), 10 ml of a natural abscisic acid solution was sprayed per pot. The number of grains per panicle of 8 individuals in 2 pots in each ward was investigated during the harvesting period. Table 5 shows the results of examining the average particle number.

[0033]

[Table 5] ──────────────────────────────────── Abscisic acid Average number of grains per spike (ppm) Ear of main stem Dividing ear ───────────────────────────────────── 0 (water district ) 18.4 13.8 20 20.7 16.4 100 22.6 18.0 ────────────────────────────── ─────── According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively promote the formation of flower buds and the bleeding and flowering of plants at low temperatures by using natural ABA.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Hata 1 9-9 Oe-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Toray Industries, Inc. Nagoya Plant (72) Inventor Toru Maibara 9-ehime-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi No. 1 Toray Co., Ltd. Nagoya Office

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plant flowering promoter containing natural abscisic acid as an active ingredient.