JPH04225711A - Method of burning various waste, chamber oven used for said method and inclusive waste combustion facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To economically combust various wastes, by thermally decomposing wastes in an elongated horizontal room furnace under conditions where it runs short of oxygen, and then completely combusting them with the aid of proper supply of air. CONSTITUTION: A horizontal elliptic furnace includes an elongated furnace chamber 1 having a refractory material side wall 2, and the side wall 2 of the furnace is supported by a steel beam 7 held together with a tensile cover 8. A waste gas conduit 15 is provided on a rear portion of the furnace located in the vicinity of a furnace throat 6, and an injection opening portion 18 is provided in a center of a bottom portion 16 of the waste gas conduit 15. An air inlet pipe 19 is formed on walls 16, 17 of the conduit. A series of airinlet openings 20 distributed regularly over a specific length of the furnace are provided below a bottom of each side wall 2, and a large air inlet 21 is provided in each wall 2 in the vicinity of the furnace throat 6 and there is provided on an upper portion of both side walls 2 a small air inlet 22 for particularly controlling a thermal decomposition process.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of burning various wastes and a furnace used therein. The invention also relates to a comprehensive combustion installation comprising a number of such furnaces.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Waste removal is one of the most important problems of our time. In order to cope with the ever-increasing amount of waste, waste is increasingly being removed by combustion. In practice, solid and liquid wastes are mainly burned in furnaces equipped with sliding grates or rotating drums. In furnaces with a sliding grate, the moving grate is continuously fed with waste, which is fed through holes in the grate.
Air is blown through the burning mass. As a result, the temperature locally increases to over 1000°C |
At other locations the temperature may remain below 800°C. Under these conditions, a large amount of fly ash is formed, while in areas with very low temperatures, unpleasant smelling substances remain or are formed due to incomplete combustion; This already places a burden on the environment.

In furnaces with rotating drums, the slow rotation of the cylindrically shaped furnace keeps the waste in motion, and under this condition the temperature is too low, as in furnaces with a grate. The advantage is that the temperature part can be avoided. However, the temperature for furnaces with rotating drums is 1000
It should not rise much above °C. A reburning chamber is arranged downstream of the furnace with the drum, in which the temperature is increased, for example to 1150° C., by additional combustion of the fuel.

The residence time of the gas in the hot part of the furnace (at temperatures above 800° C.) is generally between 1 and 3 seconds. Incomplete combustion, relatively low temperatures, and short residence times of the compounds in the hot section provide the conditions for the formation of a number of toxic and unpleasant-smelling compounds, such as dioxins and benzofurans.

[0005]

Since the above-mentioned furnace processes are very expensive, it is generally the aim that the thermal energy produced thereby is not lost and is utilized as much as possible for reuse. For that purpose, the hot fuel gas produced is fed into a steam boiler in order to utilize the energy of the gas for the production of steam. As a result, the gas is approximately 20
As a result of gradual cooling to 0°C,
Dioxins, which are extremely harmful to the environment, can be produced.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a new method for the combustion of various wastes, which can be operated in an economical manner and which does not suffer from the disadvantages mentioned above. There isn't.

[0007]

To that end, the present invention provides a method for burning waste, in which the waste to be burnt is placed in a long horizontal chamber furnace under oxygen-deficient conditions. A method is obtained for the combustion of waste, which is characterized in that it undergoes self-sustaining pyrolysis and then undergoes complete combustion with an adequate supply of air. As a result, 1100
Pyrolysis occurs at temperatures of ~1450°C, at which point efficient pyrolytic decomposition occurs, whereby organic substances are decomposed into carbon and simple gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen; Inorganic substances are decomposed into simple oxides. The hot pyrolysis gas generated at the rear end of the chamber furnace can be efficiently combusted in an exhaust gas conduit connected thereto with an adequate supply of air and oxygen.

[0008] Pyrolysis is usually carried out in an externally heated autoclave. However, in the case of the present invention, the pyrolysis is self-sustaining, in other words, the heat to maintain the pyrolysis in the remaining parts of the furnace is supplied by the hot combustion pyrolysis gases. be. In connection with the waste to be combusted, it may be necessary to add catalytically active substances to the stream of hot pyrolysis gases to be combusted in the exhaust gas line. If the exhaust gas is rich in nitrogen oxides, for example, ammonia may be added.

With the method according to the invention, further cleaning of the exhaust gas is obtained in that the flue gases emanating from the exhaust gas line are rapidly cooled and purified by contact with the gas cleaning liquid. This type of purification can occur, for example, in the manner described in Dutch Patent Application No. 8902490 of the applicant. Thereby, containing a complexing agent, a heavy metal compound, sulfur, and a nitrogen compound,
Gas cleaning liquids can be efficiently selected from residual liquids with high CZV (chemical chlorine consumption) values, particularly from fixing layers in the photographic, photochemical and direct current electrical industries. With the method according to the invention it is in principle possible to treat almost any type of waste. For efficient performance, combustion values should be taken into account, especially in connection with the self-sustainability of pyrolysis. In this connection, it is preferred that the waste be charged to the chamber furnace in such a way that the average energy content of the charge to the furnace is at least 7 MJ/kg.

Further according to the invention, the furnace is an oblong horizontal tube-shaped furnace with heat-resistant furnace walls capable of withstanding high temperatures;
This furnace is provided with a charging opening at the front, which can be closed with a furnace door, and a furnace at the rear, which opens into a horizontal exhaust gas conduit whose diameter is small compared to that of the furnace, so that the long side walls of the furnace each having an upper row of closable air inlet holes spaced apart over a particular length of the wall and a lower row of closable air inlet holes spaced apart over a particular length of the wall. for pyrolysis combustion, characterized in that the lower side is provided with large air inlet holes in each of the side walls near the furnace so that the exhaust gas conduit is also provided with an air inlet hole. A chamber furnace for use is obtained.

[0011] The installation of a row of air inlet holes in the side wall of the furnace allows efficient furnace control, allowing the pyrolysis process to be regulated and controlled in the desired manner. The flue gas conduit bends at right angles from the longitudinal direction of the furnace in the vicinity of the furnace furnace, and at this branching point injection holes are provided in the wall of the flue gas conduit, oriented in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the bent flue gas conduit. , can be processed efficiently. With suitable spray equipment,
Catalytic liquid, gas and air can be injected into the exhaust gas line through this injection hole. Furthermore, an ignition burner and/or a holding burner may be installed therein in order to be able to regulate the combustion of the exhaust gas in the desired manner.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least the upper wall of the furnace has a concave hemispherical shape in order to reflect the heat emitted by the pyrolysis process to a focal point. In practice, once filled with waste to be pyrolyzed,
It is customary for the furnace to be lit from the rear, near the hearth. For this purpose, care is taken, in particular, that a suitably flammable charge, such as paper, celluloid, etc., is present in the rear part of the furnace. The emitted heat generated by this intense combustion under the supply of heat is reflected through the hemispherical walls into the inside of the furnace and heats the material present there. By adjusting the air inlets of the furnace, this gradually heats the entire furnace to the pyrolysis temperature, thereby blocking the various air inlets during pyrolysis to maintain an oxygen-depleted atmosphere. It is determined that In order to achieve heating of the furnace as efficiently as possible, the upper wall of the furnace is preferably fully or partially coated on the outside with a heat-insulating layer, for example of clay.

[0013] In addition, the furnace can also be equipped with a concrete cover plate containing weakened sections in case of a possible gas explosion. The gas explosion mentioned above can occur, for example, if there is still a very large amount of air in the waste placed in the furnace, especially during the start-up period of the furnace, which results in a sudden and intense combustion. There is a fear. In the case of the chamber furnace according to the invention, a closable ventilation hole is provided in the furnace door, through which the waste to be treated is charged. This vent is closed during pyrolysis, but is open during the subsequent combustion of the pyrolyzed material in order to achieve additional air ventilation therethrough.

Finally, according to the invention, a comprehensive waste combustion system is provided, consisting of one or a number of pyrolysis combustion units, each of which has three sets of chamber furnaces as described above, and a furnace exhaust gas. from a central flue gas chamber to which conduits are connected, a gas scrubbing reactor connected to the flue gas chamber for primary flue gas purification, and a central gas scrubbing tower with a number of overlapping scrubbing stages. Thus, a comprehensive waste combustion installation is obtained in which the gas scrubbing reactor of the pyrolysis combustion unit is connected in combination with the central gas scrubbing tower.

For practical reasons, the central flue gas chambers are therefore preferably each equipped with an emergency chimney. This type of equipment is efficiently adapted to the fact that there are actually three stages in each furnace cycle: pyrolysis, ash combustion, and slow cooling and cooling. Efficiently within the furnace unit, the first furnace is capable of pyrolysis, the second furnace where pyrolysis has already taken place produces ash combustion, and the third furnace is in its slow cooling stage, so that these stages are Each has a period of one or more days. Thus, almost continuous operation is possible for this type of unit. By using a plurality of such units, for example two, it is also possible to process different degrees of waste types simultaneously. The exhaust gases emanating from the flue gas chamber are substantially purified in a central gas scrubbing column as described in the aforementioned Dutch patent application No. 8902490.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings. An embodiment of a chamber furnace according to the invention is shown in horizontal and longitudinal section in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively. The horizontal oblong furnace is 14
It comprises a long furnace chamber 1 with side walls 2, bottom 3, top or upper wall 4 and rear wall 5 made of high quality refractory material that can withstand high temperatures above 50°C. The furnace top 4 is concavely hemispherical and the side walls 2 are also slightly concavely rounded on the inside. This concave shape is intended to reflect the heat radiated during pyrolysis into the interior of the furnace. The rear wall 5 and the furnace 6 also exhibit a cylindrical ceiling.

The side walls 2 of the furnace are supported by steel beams 7 held together by tension bars 8. The top 4 of the furnace is made thinner than the side walls 2 of the furnace and is coated with a clay layer 11, the central part being left uncovered. Above the clay and furnace top there is a concrete cover plate 9 with a conical removable weakened section 10 in the center. This so-called gas roof provides protection against possible explosions.

The furnace is fitted into a concrete base 12 and clay is also applied between the bottom of the furnace and the base. Both clay layers 11 and 13 act as thermal isolation to prevent furnace heat from being lost to the outside. The furnace has at the front a charging opening closed off by a furnace door 14. The waste to be burned is charged into the furnace through this charging opening.

At the rear of the furnace, close to the furnace 6, an exhaust gas conduit 15 is shown at the upper right hand side, the first of which in this example is shown including two right-angled branches close to the furnace. There is. In this cross section, the conduit wall 16 is the conduit wall 17.
at right angles to the "bottom" of the exhaust gas conduit 15, so to speak.
form a type of This "bottom" 16 has an injection opening 18 in its center, which allows the catalytic liquid to
It serves for the injection of gas and for the passage of the ignition flame and ignition burner (not shown). Conduit walls 16, 17
There are regularly distributed air inlet pipes 19.

The furnace itself is also provided with an air inlet opening. For example, there is a row of air inlet openings 20, regularly distributed over a particular length of the furnace, below the bottom 3 of each long side wall 2. A large air inlet 21 is provided in each wall 2 near the furnace 6. On the upper side of both walls there is a small air inlet 2 which acts specifically to control the pyrolysis process.
There are 2 columns. Finally, the furnace door 14 also has an air inlet 23 which acts as a vent during combustion after pyrolysis and as an injection opening for the liquid to be combusted.

[0021] The function of this furnace will now be explained. A charge of waste to be burned is introduced at the front into a very large furnace, for example with a length of 16 m and a height of 4 m. The furnace charge can be divided into more or less finely divided forms as well as
It may consist of a mixture of a number of substances, both flammable and non-flammable, such as barrels, and may also contain liquids, slurries, shredder waste, dirt, etc. One condition is that in order to function in an advantageous manner there must be an energy content of at least 7 MJ/kg. When charging, at the rear near the furnace 6,
Care is taken that there is sufficient suitable combustible material, such as photographic film, paper, waste wood, etc.

Before igniting the furnace, the exhaust gas line is first heated. This is done by injecting a flammable gas or liquid through an injection opening and igniting it with a holding or ignition burner. Thanks to the large number of air inlets, proper combustion takes place in the exhaust gas line, so that after a short time a sufficiently high combustion temperature is achieved in the exhaust gas line. The combustible material present at the rear of the furnace is then ignited by a fuse or plug through one of the air inlets 19. As a result of sufficient air supply through the air inlet 19 and proper ventilation conditions in the heated exhaust gas conduit, a reliable and complete combustion takes place here, the radiation of which is distributed in the inner and front hemisphere of the furnace. It is reflected on the shaped furnace wall. This causes a slow heating of the material located further forward and further down. During this process, most of the air inlet holes as well as the vents in the furnace door are closed off, for example with plugs of glass wool, so that little oxygen can enter into the furnace itself. As a result, there is no normal combustion inside the furnace.
Only pyrolysis occurs, which is sustained by combustion at the back of the furnace. The required heat and rate adjustment of the pyrolysis process is
This is caused by the opening or closing of the small air inlet hole 22 on the upper side of the side wall.

Particularly at the start of the process when some air is present in the charged waste, there is a potential for explosive reactions to occur, but this can generally be controlled. Even if an explosive situation were to occur, protection by lightweight gas roofing is ensured in the customary manner, so that the explosion is deflected through the roof of the furnace. It is important with the furnace according to the invention that the exhaust gas conduit, through which the exhaust gases of the pyrolysis pass and are combusted, has a relatively small diameter compared to the diameter of the furnace chamber. This achieves that the hot gas remains in the furnace for a long period of time and contributes to maintaining the thermal decomposition.

An important advantage of pyrolysis treatment is that almost complete decomposition is thereby produced on the waste to be treated, whereby organic compounds are mostly decomposed into carbon, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and inorganic substances are reduced to oxides. , which, in contrast to conventional combustion, causes almost no slag formation. Any slag that still forms can be easily removed at the start of the process by sprinkling onto the refractory bottom 3 of the furnace a layer of sand coated with a thin layer of paper cuttings. This paper layer is carbonized during the pyrolysis process and possible slag is deposited onto this carbon layer and can be easily removed later. The chamber furnace according to the invention operates particularly efficiently. Due to the large space inside the furnace and the extremely low gas velocity in this area,
Long residence times of hot gases, up to 30 s, result. A high temperature of 1250° C. is thus achieved and maintained in this furnace, and the influx of oxygen at numerous locations across each inlet creates a temporary excess of oxygen on leaving the furnace, further increasing the amount of organic molecules. causes decomposition. Complete combustion is ultimately achieved in the narrow exhaust gas conduit, where the wide injection openings 18 as well as the air inlet in the extension of the exhaust gas conduit provide an adequate amount of oxygen for complete combustion. It is therefore important that very high temperatures are maintained, especially when starting up the exhaust gas line. Furthermore, as a result of the absence of turbulence, little fly ash is formed in the pyrolyzing waste, a fact that poses considerable problems in normal combustion in grate and rotary furnaces. be.

[0025] Once the pyrolysis reaction is complete, carbon-rich material remains in the furnace. The next stage, namely combustion, is now started, for which the air inlet 21 on the lower side of the furnace side wall is opened and air is gradually introduced. From this moment onwards, liquid can also be injected for combustion through the injection openings 23 in the furnace door. The air supply is initially generated by a normal supply from the atmosphere, but for severe re-combustion one may eventually resort to a supply of pressurized air from the pressurized air source 24. Under these conditions, complete combustion or burnout of residual material is achieved. During this latter stage, the vent in the furnace door 14, the injection opening 23, is also fully opened. Finally, the furnace is extinguished, after which the front side of the furnace is opened and the ash is wetted with water, after which it is removed together with possible slag. This whole process requires 3-8 days.

During the pyrolysis stage, it may be necessary to add an auxiliary material which acts as a catalyst via the injection openings 18 during combustion of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line. For example, if an excess of nitrogen oxides is present in the exhaust gas, a solution of ammonia can be injected, for example, to form ammonium nitrate, which is decomposed into nitrogen, water and oxygen. In the case of very high CO contents, for example, solutions containing chromium and copper ions can be injected. These enter the gas stream and are converted to copper oxide and chromium oxide, which are efficient catalysts for the conversion of CO and abundant oxygen to carbon dioxide.

Apart from that, the flue gases formed in the present invention are generally not discharged directly, but are fed to suitable gas cleaning equipment for further purification. length 16
In the case of the above-mentioned furnace having dimensions of m, height 4 m, the volume of the furnace is such that it can contain a charge of 10 to 60 t. This charge can be composed of combustible, energy-rich and non-flammable, energy-poor materials. This whole has to provide a very large amount of energy for complete combustion, so that the required temperatures of well over 1000° C. are achieved and maintained for many days. Therefore,
The furnace charge is required to have an average energy content of at least 7 MJ/kg. This latter determines the ratio between combustible and non-combustible waste in the furnace charge. Examples of suitable furnace charges are given below.

Photographic film
10t photo paper
20t other paper
2t waste R. D.
F. combustible parts plastic waste, cans
2t waste wood

1t barrel

1t slurry
6t shredder waste
1 ton of filth

1t fat other
2
t

46t

The estimated average energy content of this charge is ±12 MJ/kg. During the combustion phase, ±10 t of aqueous liquid, such as developer residue, can be injected into the furnace and combusted. If these 10 t of waste are added to the entire furnace charge, the average energy content for 56 t of waste is ±10 MJ/kg.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a comprehensive waste combustion installation according to the invention, in which a number of the above-mentioned furnaces are used. The installation includes two pyrolysis combustion units, each of the three sets of pyrolysis combustion furnaces according to the invention being designated by A. These furnaces of 50 t each are connected in each unit to a common flue gas chamber B with an emergency chimney. The flue gas chamber B of each thermal combustion unit is connected to a primary gas cleaning reactor C, and all primary cleaning reactors C are in turn connected to a common gas cleaning column D, in which a number of gas cleaning stages are installed. This installation, consisting of a primary gas scrubbing reactor C and a central gas scrubbing tower D, located one on top of the other, is described in the already mentioned Dutch patent application No. 8902490, aimed at the purification of flue gases. Compatible with equipment. Just as in that case, residual liquids from either the photographic industry or the like are used as gas cleaning liquids. An important advantage of the pyrolysis combustion unit consisting of three sets of parallel furnaces A is that the pyrolysis combustion according to the invention has the following three effects:
It is at a point that has stages. That is,

A) Pyrolysis stage, which takes 1-3 days; B) Ash combustion stage, which also takes 1-3 days; C) Annealing and cooling stage, which takes 1-2 days. Three sets of parallel furnaces of the above pyrolysis units are initially charged into the first furnace and ignited. After three days, the pyrolysis in this first furnace is completed, whereupon the ash combustion stage is started, while the pyrolysis is started in the second furnace. After 5 or 6 days, the third furnace is fired for pyrolysis, while the first furnace is then in the cooling phase and the second furnace begins the ash combustion phase. This cycle can be allowed to continue so that the waste can be processed without interruption.

An important advantage of this type of processing method is that, on the one hand, continuous operations can be carried out on a semi-continuous basis, and on the other hand, different types of waste can be treated within the charge, thereby making it possible to control the destination of the ash. and the ability to select further processing and reuse. The treatment of gas by the central gas scrubbing tower can proceed continuously.

The invention has been described above in connection with the somewhat specific example of a pyrolysis furnace and a comprehensive combustion installation comprising two combustion units each having three sets of the above pyrolysis furnaces. However, it will be obvious that modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, for example, within the framework of the required conditions and requirements, it is also possible to modify the furnace with regard to its shape and positioning, and also to take other measures. For a comprehensive combustion installation, more than the exemplary two combustion units may be used in addition. Therefore, for example, four sets of the above equipment may be centrally connected to the gas cleaning unit. An efficient positioning is for example one, whereby four sets of combustion units, each with a primary gas scrubbing reactor, are connected to a central scrubbing tower with a number of gas scrubbing stages.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a horizontal sectional view of an embodiment of a chamber furnace of a pyrolysis combustion unit according to the invention; FIG.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the furnace of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a comprehensive waste combustion installation according to the invention using a number of such furnaces as well as a central gas scrubbing unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Side wall 3 Bottom 4 Upper wall 6 Hearth (throat) 9 Covering plate 10 Weakened part 11 Clay layer 12 Base floor 13 Clay layer 14 Furnace door 15　Exhaust gas pipe 18 Injection hole 19 Air inlet hole 21 Large air inlet 23 Air inlet A　Room furnace B Flue gas chamber C Primary gas cleaning reactor D Gas cleaning tower

Claims (17)

[Claims] Claim 1. A method of burning waste, in which the waste to be burned undergoes self-sustaining pyrolysis in a long horizontal chamber furnace under oxygen-deficient conditions, which is then pyrolyzed with an adequate air supply. It is characterized by complete combustion in response to
How to burn waste. 2. The method according to claim 1, comprising:
A method characterized in that the pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 1100-1450°C. 3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the generated high temperature pyrolysis gas is supplied with suitable air or oxygen in the exhaust gas conduit connected to the rear end of the chamber furnace. A method characterized by receiving a supply of and burning it. 4. The method according to claim 3, comprising:
A process characterized in that a catalytically active substance is added to the hot pyrolysis gas stream in the exhaust gas line. 5. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flue gas exiting the exhaust gas conduit is rapidly cooled and purified by contact with a gas cleaning liquid. How to characterize it. 6. The method according to claim 5, comprising:
From residual liquids with high chemical oxygen consumption (CZV) values, including complexing agents, compounds of heavy metals, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, especially from fixing tanks in the photographic, photochemical and direct current electrical industries. A method characterized in that a gas cleaning liquid is selected. 7. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the waste is charged to the chamber furnace in such a way that the average energy content of the furnace is at least 7 MJ/kg. A method characterized by: 8. The indoor furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the furnace is an oval horizontal tube-shaped furnace having a heat-resistant furnace wall that can withstand high temperatures. The furnace is equipped with a charging opening at the front, which can be closed with a furnace door, and a furnace at the rear, which opens into a horizontal exhaust gas conduit whose diameter is small compared to that of the furnace, so that the furnace The elongated side walls are each provided with an upper row of closable air inlet holes spaced apart over a particular length of the wall and a lower row of closable air inlet holes spaced apart over a particular length of the wall. A chamber furnace characterized in that it is provided with a row on the lower side, so that each side wall near the furnace is provided with a large air inlet hole, so that the exhaust gas conduit is also provided with an air inlet hole. 9. In the chamber furnace according to claim 8,
The flue gas conduit is bent at right angles from the longitudinal direction of the furnace near the furnace furnace, and at this branching point, injection holes are provided in the wall of the flue gas conduit in a direction along the longitudinal axis of the bent flue gas conduit. A chamber furnace characterized by the following. 10. In the chamber furnace according to claim 8 or 9, at least the upper wall of the furnace has a concave hemispherical shape in order to reflect the thermal radiation of the pyrolysis process to a focal point. A chamber furnace featuring 11. The indoor furnace according to claim 10, wherein the bottom of the furnace has a concave hemispherical shape. 12. The indoor furnace according to claim 9, wherein the upper wall of the furnace is completely or partially covered with a heat insulating layer such as clay. A chamber furnace characterized by: 13. A chamber furnace as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the furnace is covered with a concrete cover plate containing a weakened section in case of a possible gas explosion. 14. A furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that a heat insulating layer made of, for example, clay is present between the bottom of the furnace and the base of the furnace. 15. The indoor furnace according to claim 9, wherein the furnace door is provided with a closable vent hole and an injection opening. 16. A comprehensive waste combustion installation comprising one or more pyrolysis combustion units, each comprising three sets of chamber furnaces as defined in claims 9 to 15 and a chamber furnace. a central flue gas chamber to which the flue gas conduit is connected, a gas scrubbing reactor connected to the flue gas chamber for primary flue gas purification, and a central gas scrubbing tower with a number of overlapping scrubbing stages. 1. A comprehensive waste combustion installation, characterized in that the gas scrubbing reactor of the pyrolysis combustion unit is connected in combination with the central gas scrubbing tower. 17. Comprehensive waste combustion installation according to claim 16, characterized in that the central flue gas chambers are each provided with an emergency chimney.