JPH04117161A - superconducting rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a superconducting motor, which can operate stably without causing quenching, by forming a refrigerant path in a column separating insulator such that the exposing ratio of a superconductor to the refrigerant path is smaller for the axial groove than for the circumferential groove thereby making uniform the cooling capacity of the refrigerant at each part of a winding structure and suppressing temperature rise of the refrigerant. CONSTITUTION:Annular grooves 2 are formed in the outer surface of a winding supporting tube 1. A winding structure 3 comprising a superconductor 12 and an electric insulator provided with a refrigerant passage is contained in the groove 2. Thermal transmission of the refrigerant at the axial winding part, where the superconductor 12 extends in parallel with the center of rotation of the winding supporting tube 1, is lower than that at the circumferential winding part where the superconductor 12 extends in the circumferential direction. Exposure rate at the axial winding part is thereby set larger than that at the circumferential winding part by an amount corresponding to the difference of thermal transmission. According to the constitution, entire winding structure can be cooled uniformly and a superconducting rotor can operate stably without causing quenching.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a superconducting rotor for a superconducting generator, and particularly to a superconducting rotor having a cooling structure suitable for preventing quenching of a winding structure disposed inside the rotor. Regarding the rotor.

[Conventional technology]

The superconducting rotor in the prior art was developed by Japanese Patent Publication No. 1985-853
As described in Publication No. 8, a cylindrical support rim is fixedly attached around the rotor shaft, and a plurality of clean sheets extending in the length direction of the rotor are provided on the outer periphery of the support rim. One winding structure is disposed in each groove cell formed in the groove. This winding structure is composed of multiple superconducting conductor rows (laminates) consisting of multiple superconducting conductors stacked in the radial direction of the rotor in parallel, and there is insulation between the superconducting conductor layers. A stone is set.

Between the superconducting conductor rows, there is an inter-row separation insulator that covers the side surfaces of the superconducting conductor rows. A plurality of refrigerant channels are formed through which cryogenic refrigerant flows. A groove wedge is provided on the upper part of the groove cell for fixing each member arranged within the groove cell.

The groove wedge is provided with a refrigerant inlet for introducing cryogenic refrigerant, and the refrigerant introduced here cools the superconducting conductor through each refrigerant channel formed in each member in the groove cell, and then passes through the support rim. The refrigerant flows out of the groove cell from the refrigerant outlet provided in the groove cell.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the above conventional technology, the cooling characteristics of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path are
It does not take into account that the location of the winding structure and the direction (radial or circumferential) with respect to the rotor axis vary, and the exposure rate (the portion of the conductor exposed to the coolant flow path for a certain section of the superconductor) is not taken into account. Since the refrigerant flow path dimensions are determined by changing the ratio of the area to the total surface area of the conductor,
The part with the worst cooling characteristics of a superconducting conductor 1 For example, in the part of the winding structure closest to the rotor axis, the normal conduction part induced by thermal disturbances caused by various causes quenches and spreads throughout the winding structure. There was a problem that caused the phenomenon to occur. Furthermore, no consideration is given to the fact that the refrigerant whose temperature has increased by cooling this normally conducting part causes thermal disturbance in other parts of the winding structure that are in contact with the cooling flow path.
There is a problem in that normal conduction caused in one part of the winding structure also causes normal conduction in other parts.

An object of the present invention is to provide a superconducting rotor that equalizes the cooling capacity of the refrigerant in each part of the winding structure during operation of the superconducting rotor, reduces the temperature rise of the refrigerant, and operates stably without causing a quench phenomenon. The purpose is

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, a superconducting rotor includes an outer rotor rotatably provided around an axis, an inner rotor fixed within the outer rotor and storing a cryogenic refrigerant, and a superconducting rotor. A winding support tube has a plurality of annular grooves that connect two grooves each formed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the tube in a substantially rectangular shape, and the winding support tube is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the grooves. A superconducting conductor group consisting of a plurality of stacked layers of a plurality of superconducting conductors, an interlayer separation insulator interposed between the layers of the superconducting conductor, and a superconducting conductor group partitioned in a direction perpendicular to the interlayer separation insulator and having a rectangular cross section on both the front and back surfaces. a winding structure constituted by an inter-row separation insulator forming a refrigerant flow path, and a top filling provided at the opening of the groove to fix the winding structure in the groove,
and a superconducting rotor having an inlet hole for introducing the cryogenic refrigerant stored in the inner rotor into the top filling, and an outlet hole directly at the bottom of the groove of the winding support cylinder that communicates with the internal space of the winding support cylinder. In this method, the coolant flow path is formed in the inter-row separation insulator so that the ratio of superconducting conductors exposed to the coolant flow path is smaller in the circumferential groove than in the axial groove, or the depth of the coolant flow path is The coolant flow path is formed in the inter-row separation insulator so that the ratio of width to width is larger in the circumferential groove than in the axial groove, or
Alternatively, the depth of the refrigerant flow path is smaller in the circumferential groove than in the axial groove, so that the rows are separated #! A refrigerant flow path is formed in the rim. Furthermore, the width of the coolant flow path of the inter-row separation insulator may be increased toward the outside in the radial direction of the winding support tube.

Separation between rows again! ! In the edge body and interlayer separation insulator, strip portions that are in surface contact across multiple layers of a superconducting conductor and provided at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the superconducting conductor extends, and the center portions of the adjacent strip portions in the thickness direction are connected. The inter-row M insulator is characterized by being composed of a plurality of bar-shaped connecting bodies thinner than the strip portion, or a wide thin plate portion spanning multiple layers of superconducting conductor, and a staggered pattern on both sides of the thin plate portion. An inter-row separation insulator characterized by comprising a protruding portion provided in a shape and in surface contact with the superconducting conductor, or an inter-row separation insulator applied to a single superconducting conductor and an inter-row insulator are integrated. An integrated type isolation insulator is used, which is characterized by having a part of the inter-row M insulator cut out in the column direction.

[Effect]

When using the natural convection of the coolant in the radial direction caused by centrifugal force to cool the winding structure, the cooling surface of the winding structure may be in a plane parallel to the axis of rotation or in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. In some cases, the part of the winding structure disposed in the axial groove of the annular groove formed in the winding support cylinder (hereinafter referred to as the axial winding part) and the part of the annular groove The heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant is different in the part of the winding structure disposed in the circumferential groove (hereinafter referred to as the circumferential winding part), that is, the heat transfer coefficient in the circumferential winding part is higher than that in the circumferential winding part. greater than the heat transfer coefficient in the axial winding section. This is because the Coriolis force does not affect the heat transfer of the refrigerant in the circumferential winding portion, but the Coriolis force suppresses the heat transfer of the refrigerant in the axial winding portion.

Now, the magnitude of the exposure ratio, which represents the proportion of the surface of the superconducting conductor exposed to the cooling channel, determines the cooling capacity of the superconducting conductor.

The area of the insulator superconducting conductor exposed to the refrigerant is
In other words, the cooling area is increased, but since the heat transfer is poorer due to the position in the axial direction, the cooling capacity of the entire winding structure is made uniform. In addition, the row separation insulator, which has a cooling flow path that increases in width as it goes radially outward of the winding support tube, is used to cool the winding in the radial direction, since heat transfer deteriorates when the pressure of the refrigerant is high (the centrifugal force is large). Equalize capabilities.

In addition, there is also an inter-row internal H insulator in which the ratio of the width to the depth of the refrigerant flow path is smaller in the axial winding part than in the circumferential winding part of the winding structure, and the refrigerant flow path is The inner winding part 712111 has a depth greater in the axial winding part than in the circumferential winding part, which reduces the number of vortices caused by the secondary flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path and improves heat transfer. This improves the cooling capacity of the entire winding structure in the circumferential direction and makes the cooling capacity of the entire winding structure uniform. In addition, in order to reduce the number of vortices caused by the secondary flow of refrigerant, it is effective to increase the cross-sectional area of the refrigerant flow path to a certain extent and to decrease the ratio of width to depth. cooling effect increases.

In addition, in the inter-row separation insulator and the interlayer valve S fiber winding separation insulator, strip portions that are in surface contact across multiple layers of the superconducting conductor and provided at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the superconducting conductor extends; An inter-column separation insulator, or a multi-layer superconducting conductor, characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of bar-shaped connecting bodies that connect the center portions of the adjacent strips in the thickness direction and are thinner than the strips. An inter-row separation insulator characterized by being composed of a wide thin plate portion and protruding portions provided in a staggered manner on both sides of the thin plate portion and in surface contact with the superconducting conductor, or an interlayer separation applied to a single superconducting conductor. An integrated type It insulator is an insulator formed by integrating an insulator and an inter-row Jw@sphere, and is characterized by having a part of the inter-row insulator cut out in the column direction. To promote mixing of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path while maintaining the mechanical strength of the winding, and to prevent the refrigerant temperature from rising excessively.

〔Example〕

Before explaining the embodiments, I would like to briefly explain the superconducting generator.

The superconducting generator has a stator case 1 as shown in Fig. 17.
It consists of an armature 102 built in 01 and a superconducting rotor 103 provided inside it, and the superconducting rotor 103 is
Further, an outer rotor 104 having a hollow cylindrical shape with shafts at both ends, an inner rotor 105 that is fixed concentrically within the outer rotor 104 and stores the cryogenic refrigerant 11, The winding support cylinder 1 is installed and has a superconducting winding structure 3 on its outer periphery.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 16 of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an external conceptual diagram of a winding support tube of a superconducting rotor. On the outer surface of the winding support cylinder 1, there are a plurality of annular grooves 2 of different sizes, which are formed by connecting two grooves each formed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the cylinder in a substantially rectangular shape. Multiple layers are formed within the plane. Inside the plurality of annular grooves 2, a winding structure, which will be described later, is housed, which is made up of a group of superconducting conductors and an electrical insulator forming a coolant flow path through which a coolant flows to cool the superconducting conductors. ing.

The groove 2 is also filled with a filler that fills the gap between the wall of the groove 2 and the winding structure so that the winding structure, which is subjected to strong electromagnetic force and centrifugal force, does not move within the groove 2. Liquid helium, which serves as a refrigerant, is filled in a vacuum insulation container (not shown) containing the winding support cylinder 1, and when the winding support cylinder 1 is rotating, the liquid level reaches the inside of the winding support cylinder 1. .

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of the groove 2 and the winding structure 3. FIG.

The cross-sectional shape of the groove 2 is a rectangle that opens on the outer circumferential surface of the winding support tube 1 . Optionally, the groove 2 may be slightly wedge-shaped to facilitate securing the winding structure 3 within the groove 2 with a filler. In addition, in the figure, the groove is formed so that the vertical center line of the groove bottom passes through the rotation center of the winding support ring 1, but it does not necessarily have to pass through the rotation center. The vertical centerline of one of the two grooves may overlap the vertical centerline of the other groove. In order to electrically insulate the winding structure 3 and the winding support cylinder 1, groove bottom isolation insulators 4, groove side isolation insulators 5, and groove bottom isolation insulators are provided to surround the winding structure 3 from the surroundings. Place body 6. The winding structure 3 is fixed in the circumferential direction by a flat or wedge-shaped groove side filling 7 loaded between the groove side surface and the groove side separation insulator 5, and fixed in the radial direction by the groove side separation insulator 5. This is done with a top filler 8 that presses the insulator 6 toward the center of the winding support tube 1. It is preferable to fill the gaps between the groove side filler 7, the groove bottom isolation insulator 4, and the groove side isolation insulator 5 with an epoxy adhesive to firmly fix the winding wire to the groove 2. It is better to use an adhesive that has a curing strength equivalent to that of an epoxy adhesive and that causes some volumetric expansion upon completion of curing, such as a foamable adhesive.

Note that during this filling, care must be taken not to block the refrigerant channels formed in each of the above-mentioned separation insulators. The top filler 8 is hooked onto a hook-shaped projection provided on the side surface of the groove 2 near the opening of the groove 2 from the inside of the groove to obtain sufficient fixing pressure. At this time, the groove side isolation insulator 5 and the groove side filling 7 should not interfere with the groove bottom isolation insulator 4 and the groove side isolation insulator 6 or the groove top filling 8 to prevent sufficient fixing pressure from being obtained. dimensions must be determined.

At the bottom of the groove 2, there is a refrigerant 9 that communicates with the inside of the winding support tube 1.
The groove top filler 8 is provided with a refrigerant outlet 10 that communicates the outside and the inside thereof, and each separation #f! The winding structure 3 is made up of a cooling flow path (described later) provided in the edge and the winding internal split-layer insulator, and a return coolant flow path (not shown) from the inside to the outside of the winding support tube 1.
When heat is generated in any part of the winding supporting cylinder 1, the generated heat is used as a driving force to form a flow path for natural convection of liquid helium 11 flowing from the outside to the inside of the winding support cylinder 1. Needless to say, when the superconducting rotor is rotating, a large centrifugal force (for example, 0 centrifugal force that is about 4000 times the gravity when the rotation speed is 3600 rpm) is acting on the liquid helium, and the windings are caused by natural convection. The structure 3 can be sufficiently cooled. Note that the critical pressure of helium is 2.27 bar, and the pressure of liquid helium reaches a supercritical state pressure at the position of the winding structure 3 due to centrifugal force. Each of the above-mentioned separating insulators 4, 5 and fillings 7, 8
For this reason, it is preferable to use a material that has a high dielectric strength and can withstand large compression pressures. For relatively thick materials, a composite material such as FRP made by hardening fibers with high tensile strength such as fiberglass with an epoxy adhesive may be used, and for relatively thin materials, a tape-shaped polymeric material such as polyimide may be used.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the winding structure 3, and shows an example of a method of arranging the insulators M within the winding within the winding structure 3. Note that although the cooling channel provided in the inter-row separation insulator 13 is not clearly shown, in the figure, the coolant flows through the coolant channel from top to bottom. That is, the lower surface of the winding structure 3 is in contact with the groove bottom isolation insulator 4 , and the upper surface of the winding structure 3 is in contact with the groove side isolation insulator 6 . In the winding structure 3, the superconducting conductor 12 has an inter-column separation insulator 13 that spans a plurality of layers between each layer and column (the horizontal arrangement of the four superconducting bodies in the figure is a layer, and the vertical arrangement is a column). And an interlayer separation insulator 14 provided between the stacked superconducting conductors provides electrical insulation. It is preferable to use a NbTi-based conductor or a Nb, Sn-based conductor. The refrigerant flow path through which the refrigerant flows is separated between rows #! The rAm body 13 is formed with grooves, or strips are formed by arranging them at appropriate intervals in the winding direction of the winding structure 3. The surface of the superconducting conductor 12 is exposed in this coolant flow path so as to be brought into direct contact with liquid helium 11 which is a coolant. Inter-column isolation insulator 13, interlayer isolation insulator 14
For fixing, it is recommended to use an adhesive or the like if these separating insulators are very thin, or an epoxy adhesive if they are thick. However, this does not apply when the superconducting conductor 12 is sufficiently fixed by the frictional force.

FIG. 4 shows a method of arranging the inter-column isolation insulators 13 shown in FIG. The figure shows a method of arranging the strip-shaped inter-row insulators 13A at appropriate intervals in the winding direction, which is the longitudinal direction of the superconducting conductor 12, but when grooves are formed in the inter-row insulators, It is recommended that the grooves be machined at the same intervals as shown in this figure.

Fig. 5 simply shows an inter-row isolation insulator 13B in which the orientation of the inter-row separators 11 is oblique with respect to the winding direction, and the cooling conditions are almost different from those shown in Fig. 4. However, when each superconductor R conductor 12 is firmly fixed by the interlayer M insulator 14, it is effective for improving the strength of the entire winding structure 3. In the figure, β is the required exposure ratio of the superconducting conductor to the refrigerant, and can be determined by the following equation.

β=ρ engineering 2/ (αAPh) ・・・・・・・・・・・・
... (1) Here, α is the stabilization parameter,
h is the heat transfer coefficient of the coolant, P is the cooling perimeter of the superconducting conductor 12, ρ is the resistivity of the stabilizing material (usually copper or aluminum is used) inside the superconducting conductor 12, and ■ is the current flowing through the superconducting conductor 12. , and A are the cross-sectional areas of the superconducting conductor 12. When this formula is transformed into a formula for calculating α, we get
The equation represents the ratio of the amount of heat generated when the superconducting conductor 12 is in a normal conductive state to the cooling capacity of the refrigerant. That is, α
When = 1, when the cooling capacity and the amount of heat generation are equal, α〈1
When α>1, the cooling capacity is superior to the calorific value, and when α>1, the cooling capacity is inferior to the calorific value. A superconducting conductor designed with α≦1 is called a fully stabilized superconducting conductor because even if a normal conducting part occurs in the superconducting state, the normal conducting part always disappears and the superconducting state returns. Superconducting conductors are called partially stabilized superconducting conductors because they do not necessarily return to a superconducting state. The value α should be set to when designing depends on the design policy and the specifications of the superconducting magnet to be designed.

For example, a large magnet with a large amount of stored energy,
Alternatively, for magnets such as superconducting rotors that should be absolutely avoided from quenching during operation, α<
It is better to set it to 1, and vice versa.

If the stored energy is small, but you want to flow as much current as possible, such as in a small magnet for high magnetic fields, set α>1. Now, when using natural convection in the radial direction of the winding support tube 1 caused by centrifugal force to cool the superconducting conductor 12, the heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant depends on the direction of the cooling surface due to the presence of Coriolis force. In other words, when the cooling surface is parallel or perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the winding support tube 1, that is, the portion of the winding structure 3 where the superconducting conductor 12 extends parallel to the rotation center axis of the winding support tube 1 (hereinafter referred to as the axis). The value of the heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant is different.

That is, in the circumferential winding portion, the Coriolis force does not affect the heat transfer of the refrigerant, but in the axial winding portion, the Coriolis force suppresses the heat transfer of the refrigerant.

In fact, when we measured the heat transfer coefficient of helium in a coolant flow path at a radius of 0.30 m rotating at 3600 rpm, we found that the temperature of liquid helium was 5, and the difference between that temperature and the superconducting conductor was 4. h in the part corresponding to the axial winding part is 7.7kW/rn''K, and h in the part corresponding to the circumferential winding part is 11.3 kW/mK.
h in the portion corresponding to the axial winding portion was about 30% smaller than that in the portion corresponding to the circumferential winding portion.

Similarly, when the temperature difference is 2, h is 4.7kW/mK and 7kW/mK, and when the temperature difference is 6, h is 8.9kW/I and 12.
2kW/rr? It was K. This is because in the axial winding portion, the secondary flow generated by the Coriolis force affecting the flow of liquid helium in the coolant flow path suppresses heat transfer. Therefore, the exposure rate of the axial winding section is set to be about the same as the difference in heat transfer of the refrigerant compared to the exposure rate of the circumferential winding section, that is, 30
~40% must be increased. In other words, if the stabilization parameter and exposure rate are determined based on the heat transfer in the axial winding section where the winding direction is parallel to the rotation axis, the exposure rate of the circumferential winding can be considerably reduced, and the Mechanical strength can be significantly increased. Note that the heat transfer coefficient is determined by the balance between the magnitude of centrifugal force and the physical property values of the refrigerant determined by the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant at that location. For example, in a place with a large radius,
Although centrifugal force is large, heat transfer is poor due to high pressure, whereas heat transfer is good in areas with a small radius for the opposite reason. Therefore, as the radius increases, it is better to increase the exposure rate β according to changes in the heat transfer characteristics (
From an engineering perspective, it can be said that there is a nearly proportional relationship.)

Therefore, from the viewpoint of cooling the windings, it is better to make the width of the coolant flow path provided in the inter-row separation insulator 13 wider as the radius becomes larger. In addition.

As the aspect ratio of the height and width of the cross section of the cooling channel approaches 1, the suppression of heat transfer due to the secondary flow can be prevented to some extent, so the exposure rate can be adjusted to the extent that the exposure ratio is different between the circumferential winding part and axial winding part. There is no need to change it.

Figure 6 shows the inter-column separation IP shown in Figure 3! , shows another example of the m-body 13. This inter-column isolation insulator 13C
Cooling grooves 15 provided on both sides serve as coolant flow paths. The cooling grooves 15 may be made oblique to the winding direction as shown in FIG.

The convex portion 13C that contacts the superconducting conductor is connected by a portion forming the bottom of the cooling groove 15 of the inter-column isolation insulator,
In this way, even if a strong centrifugal force acts, their relative positions do not change. If the thickness of this inter-row separation insulator 13C is the same as that shown in FIG. 4 or 5, the part forming the bottom of the cooling groove 15 occupies a part of the refrigerant flow path, and the refrigerant flows due to the chimney effect. The flow rate becomes faster, and heat transfer is promoted accordingly. However, on the other hand, the thickness of the boundary layer of natural convection, where the temperature rises due to the heat removed from the normally conducting part, is extremely thin compared to the cross-sectional height of the refrigerant flow path, and the heat diffuses throughout the refrigerant flow path, causing the temperature to rise. Since a certain distance is required for the temperature to become relatively low, the superconducting conductor 12 that is closer to the center of the refrigerant flow path than the normal conducting part is heated by the boundary layer of the high-temperature refrigerant, and becomes superconducting. In some cases, the critical current decreases as the temperature of the conductor 12 increases, thereby impairing the thermal stability of the winding structure. Therefore, in order to promote the diffusion of heat throughout the coolant flow path, holes 16 are made at the bottom of each cooling groove 15 provided symmetrically on both sides of the inter-row separation insulator as shown in FIG. It is preferable to connect the cold g flow paths on both sides6. Note that the holes 16 are preferably provided at regular intervals along the coolant flow path. The holes 16 add turbulence to the flow of the refrigerant in the cooling channel and promote diffusion of the refrigerant. In addition, if the Coriolis force acts perpendicularly to the cooling surface, cooling groove 1
It also promotes mixing of the refrigerant on both sides of the part forming the bottom of No. 5. Note that the refrigerant flow 15' is shown schematically.

FIG. 8 is another example of the inter-row valve M super-edge body shown in FIG. 7. This inter-column isolation insulator 13E does not have a portion corresponding to the bottom of the cooling groove 15, but includes a portion 13e of the inter-column isolation insulator 13E in contact with the superconducting conductor 12 and a portion 1 adjacent thereto.
It consists of a bar-shaped connecting body 17 that connects the 3e. The arrangement of the connecting bodies 17 may be such that the mechanical strength of the body edge 13E of the row separation 111 is maintained and the refrigerant is sufficiently diffused.

FIG. 9 is another example of the inter-column isolation insulator shown in No. 3@. The inter-row separation insulators 13D and 13E shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are mainly aimed at diffusing the refrigerant in the direction of the refrigerant flow path, but this inter-row separation insulator 13F has an additional purpose. Do this also in the winding direction. That is, the convex portions 13f that are surrounded by the coolant flow path and are in contact with the superconducting conductor 12 of the inter-row lli insulator 13F are arranged in a staggered manner. Convex portion 13f
must be an appropriate size so that adjacent layers of the superconducting conductor 12 do not shift from each other. Note that the shape of the convex portion 13f protruding from the bottom surface of the cooling groove 18 does not have to be rectangular as shown in the figure. Also, as shown in FIG. 7 at the bottom of the cooling groove 18.

Holes 16 may also be provided. Also, as shown in Figure 10,
The adjacent convex portions 13g are arranged in a cross-shaped connecting body 1 as shown in FIG.
It may be fixed at 7.

FIG. 11 is similar to the inter-row portion 11M edge body 13G shown in FIG. 10. This inter-row separation 111 body 13H is formed by cutting grooves for refrigerant flow paths into a material having an appropriate thickness so that they intersect with each other on both sides of the material, and the sum of the depths of both grooves is greater than the thickness of the material. That's how it went. By this groove processing, the inter-column isolation insulator 13G shown in FIG.
You can get the same effect.

FIG. 12 shows another example of a separating insulator provided within the winding. This winding separation insulator 19 is combined with one superconducting conductor 12 in one winding structure 3, and electrical insulation between two surfaces between layers and rows of one superconducting conductor 12 is divided into one winding MW. It is done in the body. This wire-wound separation insulator 1
The part corresponding to between the rows of 9 is a part of the length of the integrated wire-wound separation insulator 19 in the winding direction, and the other part is the part between the other wire-wound separation insulators 19 and the superconducting conductor. Then, a cooling channel is formed. Further, the integral winding separation insulators 19 having numbers 'a' may be connected at the ends of the interlayer separation insulators in the winding direction. The feature of this wire-wound isolation insulator 19 is that the 5-winding work had to be performed in the column direction first in the inter-row isolation insulators 13A to 13H, but in this embodiment, it is possible to perform the winding work in either the layer or column direction. It is okay to do so.

The direction in which the winding is carried out depends on which direction provides better mechanical strength for the winding. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a winding structure and groove side filler in which winding work is performed in the interlayer direction using the insulator 19 in the winding. Generally, when winding work is performed in the inter-row direction first, as the final row of winding work approaches, the working space becomes narrower, and it becomes especially difficult to reliably insert the groove side filler 5, making it difficult to securely insert the groove side filler 5. Mechanical strength cannot be obtained. However, when winding is performed in the interlayer direction first, as shown in the figure, it is possible to securely insert the groove side filler 20 in each layer to obtain mechanical strength, and the entire winding structure is can be firmly assembled. Further, since the groove side separation insulator 5 is securely fixed by the superconducting conductor, the winding separation insulator 19 will not shift relative to the superconducting conductor 12 even if the winding is subjected to strong electromagnetic force and centrifugal force. do not have. FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the detailed structure of the winding structure shown in FIG. 13. However, the winding isolation insulator 19 shown in this figure is provided with a protrusion 21 that extends to the lower layer to facilitate positioning during winding work. Note that this protrusion 21 is not a lower layer but an upper layer, or
It may be provided in both the upper and lower layers. The groove side part on the left side of this figure lI! The insulator 5 has, on the side in contact with the superconducting conductor 12,
Since the refrigerant flow path is not formed by the wire-wound separation insulator 19,
A cooling channel is provided. On the other hand, the groove side isolation insulator 5 on the right side is not provided with a cooling channel for the opposite reason.

The groove side separation insulator 6 has a refrigerant flow path connected to the refrigerant flow path of the groove top filler 8 shown in FIG. Provide a refrigerant flow path. Further, the groove bottom separation insulator 4 is provided with a refrigerant flow path that guides the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant flow path to the through hole 23 that connects to the refrigerant flow path that communicates with the inside of the winding support tube 1 shown in FIG. . Note that instead of the through hole, the bottom portion W1
A coolant flow path may be provided that goes around the sides of the insulator 4 and the groove top.

FIG. 15 is another example of separating insulators within the windings. The interlayer isolation insulator 14 spans each column, and the intercolumn isolation insulator 13 does not span multiple layers. This arrangement of the inter-winding isolation insulators is suitable when winding work is performed in the layer direction.

FIG. 16 is a detailed structural diagram of a part of the winding structure using the winding isolation insulator shown in FIG. 15.

A refrigerant passage hole 24 is formed in the interlayer insulator 14A at a portion that will become the refrigerant passage shown in FIG. 4 or 5.

Separation between rows 1/l! The edge body 13J is arranged so as to be located between the coolant passage holes 24 in the winding direction. As the inter-column isolation insulator 13J, those shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 may be used. In order to ensure the positioning of the inter-column isolation insulator 13J shown in this figure, the inter-layer isolation insulator 14A may be provided with a protrusion 21 as shown in FIG. 14 and a recess into which the protrusion 21 fits.

Note that, in addition to providing cooling channels in the inter-column isolation insulators 13 as described above, cooling channels may also be provided in the inter-layer isolation insulators 14. Moreover, the inter-column isolation insulators, inter-layer isolation insulators, etc. described above do not need to be used alone, and a plurality of types may be used in combination at various important points of the winding structure. for example.

The cooling conditions for the circumferential winding part and the axial winding part are worse for the axial winding part, and the cooling flow path is made larger accordingly, so the mechanical strength of the axial winding part is lower than that of the circumferential winding part. It goes down to the ratio. Therefore, for the winding work of the axial winding section, it is better to employ a winding structure that can easily ensure mechanical strength, for example, the winding structure shown in FIG. 13, even if the number of work steps is increased.

On the other hand, the circumferential winding section has a structure with fewer work steps,
For example, it is better to adopt the winding structure shown in FIG.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a superconducting rotor is installed in an inner rotor containing a refrigerant, and includes a winding support tube having an annular groove on the outer circumferential surface consisting of axial and circumferential portions, and a winding support tube inside the groove. The winding structure is made up of a group of superconducting conductors disposed in a row, an interlayer isolation insulator, and an interrow isolation insulator. Either the refrigerant flow path is formed in the inter-row separation insulator so that the groove is smaller in the circumferential direction than the groove in the circumferential direction, or the ratio of width to depth of the refrigerant flow path is smaller in the circumferential direction than in the groove in the axial direction. The depth of the coolant flow path is smaller in the circumferential grooves than in the axial grooves. A coolant flow path is formed in the row separation insulator, and the width of the coolant flow path in the inter-row separation insulator increases toward the outside in the radial direction of the winding support tube, so that the entire winding structure can be uniformly cooled by the coolant. The quench phenomenon can be prevented and the superconducting rotor can be operated stably.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of the external appearance of the rotor of a superconducting rotating machine, Figure 2 is a sectional view of the groove formed in the winding support tube and the winding structure housed in the groove, and Figure 3 is the winding structure. 4 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of inter-row isolation insulators, and FIG. 5 is another inter-row internal winding! ! FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the insulators, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another inter-row isolation insulator, and FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a modified type of the inter-row isolation insulator shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an inter-row isolation insulator consisting of strips and connecting bodies;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an inter-row isolation insulator consisting of a thin plate portion and a protruding portion, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a modified type of the inter-row isolation insulator shown in FIG. 9, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a modified type of inter-column isolation insulator shown in FIG. A cross-sectional view of the winding structure with FIG. 14 is the inner part of the winding shown in FIG. 13! FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a winding structure having a modified type of insulator; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a detailed structural diagram of the winding structure, and FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the superconducting rotor. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Winding support tube, 2... Groove, 3... Winding structure, 4... Groove bottom surface a insulator, 5... Groove side separation insulator, 6... Groove Side separation insulator, 7...
Groove side filling, 8... Top filling, 9... Refrigerant inlet, 1o... Refrigerant outlet, 11... Liquid helium, 12... Superconducting conductor, 13A to 13H...
Inter-column isolation insulator, 14... Interlayer isolation insulator, 19...
・ML insulator inside the winding.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An outer rotor rotatably provided around an axis; an inner rotor fixed within the outer rotor and storing cryogenic refrigerant; a winding support tube having a plurality of annular grooves formed in a substantially rectangular manner by connecting two grooves each having a substantially rectangular cross section formed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the tube; and arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the grooves. A superconducting conductor group consisting of a plurality of stacked layers of a plurality of superconducting conductors, an interlayer separation insulator interposed between the layers of the superconducting conductor, and a rectangular shape on both the front and back surfaces of the superconducting conductor group partitioned in a direction perpendicular to the interlayer separation insulator. at least a winding structure constituted by an inter-row separation insulator forming a cross-sectional refrigerant flow path, and a top filling provided at an opening of the groove and fixing the winding structure in the groove; and a superconducting rotor, the top filling having an introduction hole for introducing the cryogenic refrigerant stored in the inner rotor, and the bottom surface of the groove of the winding support tube having an outlet hole communicating with the internal space of the winding support tube. In the superconductor, the refrigerant flow path is formed in the inter-row separation insulator such that the ratio of the superconducting conductor exposed to the refrigerant flow path is smaller in the circumferential groove than in the axial groove. rotor. 2. An outer rotor that is rotatable around the axis, an inner rotor that is fixed concentrically within the outer rotor and stores cryogenic refrigerant, and an inner rotor that is installed within the inner rotor and has its own outer peripheral surface. a winding support tube having a plurality of annular grooves each formed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction and connecting two grooves each having a substantially rectangular cross section into a substantially rectangular shape; A superconducting conductor group consisting of a plurality of stacked layers of superconducting conductors, an interlayer separation insulator interposed between the layers of the superconducting conductor, and a refrigerant that partitions the superconducting conductor group in a direction perpendicular to the interlayer separation insulator and has a rectangular cross section on both the front and back surfaces. a winding structure constituted by an inter-row separation insulator in which a flow path is formed; and a top filler provided at an opening of the groove to fix the winding structure in the groove; In a superconducting rotor, the filling is provided with an introduction hole for introducing the cryogenic refrigerant stored in the inner rotor, and the bottom surface of the groove of the winding support cylinder is provided with an outlet hole that communicates with the internal space of the winding support cylinder, A superconducting rotor characterized in that coolant channels are formed in the inter-row separation insulator such that the ratio of the width to the depth of the coolant channel is larger in the circumferential grooves than in the axial grooves. 3. The refrigerant flow path is formed in the inter-row separation insulator so that the depth of the refrigerant flow path is smaller in the circumferential groove than in the axial groove. Superconducting rotor. 4. The superconducting rotor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inter-row separation insulator has a coolant flow path whose width increases toward the outside in the radial direction of the winding support tube. 5. Strip portions that are in surface contact across multiple layers of a superconducting conductor and provided at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the superconducting conductor extends, and a bar that connects the center portions of the adjacent strip portions in the thickness direction and is thinner than the strip portions. The inter-row isolation insulator used in a superconducting rotor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of connecting bodies having a shape. 6. The superconducting conductor according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a wide thin plate portion spanning multiple layers of superconducting conductors, and protruding portions provided in a staggered manner on the screen of the thin plate portion and making surface contact with the superconducting conductor. Inter-column isolation insulator used in superconducting rotors. 7. An integrated isolation insulator that integrates an interlayer isolation insulator and an inter-row isolation insulator applied to a single superconducting conductor, with a part of the inter-row isolation insulator cut out in the column direction. An integrated isolation insulator for use in a superconducting rotor according to claim 1 or 2.