JP7778721B2 - 電力変換器 - Google Patents
電力変換器Info
- Publication number
- JP7778721B2 JP7778721B2 JP2022567160A JP2022567160A JP7778721B2 JP 7778721 B2 JP7778721 B2 JP 7778721B2 JP 2022567160 A JP2022567160 A JP 2022567160A JP 2022567160 A JP2022567160 A JP 2022567160A JP 7778721 B2 JP7778721 B2 JP 7778721B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- phase
- converter
- voltage
- boost
- terminals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4216—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input operating from a three-phase input voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- H02J2105/37—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4833—Capacitor voltage balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Description
・42:ACグリッド相電圧va、vb、vc、
・43:インダクタ電流iLx、iLy、iLz、
・44:DCバス電圧VDC、
・45:DCバス中点電圧VmN=-VNm
の測定値を受信するための測定値入力ポート(42、43、44、45)と、要求されたDC出力電圧V* PNであり得る設定値を受信するための入力ポート41とを有する。コントローラの動作は、特に、通常の動作中にインダクタ電流iLx、iLy、iLzの区分的正弦波形状を達成することを可能にする。
通常動作中、スイッチングデバイス23は、存在する場合、ブリッジ整流器24によって最高電圧を有する相入力を上位中間ノードxに印加するように閉じられたまま(導通状態)にされる。
・個別電流コントローラ71は、中位昇降圧インダクタLzにおける電流を制御するために使用される。この制御は、中位昇降圧ブリッジレッグ14を含む中位昇降圧回路のスイッチSPz、SzNのPWM変調によって行われる。第1の変換器段11の動作の結果として、それに伴い、コントローラ71は、3相AC電圧の最高電圧と最低電圧との間の電圧を有する相入力A、B、Cの電流を制御する。
・個別電流コントローラ74は、上位昇圧インダクタLxにおける電流を制御するために使用される。この制御は、上位昇圧ブリッジレッグ19を含む上位昇圧回路のスイッチSxmのPWM変調によって行われる。第1の変換器段11の動作の結果として、それに伴い、コントローラ74は、3相AC電圧の最高電圧を有する相入力A、B、Cの電流を制御する。
・個別電流コントローラ77は、下位昇圧インダクタLyにおける電流を制御するために使用される。この制御は、下位昇圧ブリッジレッグ20を含む下位昇圧回路のスイッチSmyのPWM変調によって行われる。第1の変換器段11の動作の結果として、それに伴い、コントローラ77は、3相AC電圧の最低電圧を有する相入力A、B、Cの電流を制御する。
・3相AC電圧の最高電圧を有する相入力A、B、Cの相電流の設定値が個別電流コントローラ74に送信され、その結果、設定値i* Lxが得られ、
・3相AC電圧の最低電圧を有する相入力A、B、Cの相電流の設定値が個別電流コントローラ77に送信され、その結果、設定値i* Lyが得られ、
・3相AC電圧の最高電圧と最低電圧との間の電圧を有する相入力A、B、Cの相電流の設定値が個別電流コントローラ71に送信され、その結果、設定値i* Lzが得られる。
・スイッチSaza=0(オフ)、ダイオードDax=1(導通)、ダイオードDya=0(阻止)、相接続aがノードxに接続される、
・スイッチSbzb=0(オフ)、ダイオードDbx=0(阻止)、ダイオードDyb=1(導通)、相接続bがノードyに接続される、
・スイッチSczc=1(オン)、ダイオードDcx=0(阻止)、ダイオードDyc=1(導通)、相接続cがノードzに接続される
にある。
本発明によれば、コントローラ40は、要求および/または測定された出力電圧VDCが瞬時全波整流AC線間電圧、すなわち、max{va,vb,vc}-min{va,vb,vc}以下であるときに選択される、モードIIと呼ばれる第2の動作モードを実装される。第2の動作モードにおいて、上位昇圧ブリッジレッグ19および下位昇圧ブリッジレッグ20は、動作されず、スイッチSxm、Smyは、開いている(導通していない)。この場合、ダイオードDxP、DNyは、導通しており、中間ノードr、sを出力端子P、Nに接続する。図5の変換器200におけるように、ダイオードDxP、DNyがアクティブスイッチSPx、SyNによって置き換えられる場合、言うまでもなく、これらは、有利には、効率を改善するために閉/導通状態に設定される。
ベルギー整流器(BELGIAN RECTIFIER)と呼ばれる電気変換器500は、3相アクティブ整流器段11およびDC/DC段12の形態における第1の変換器段を備える。電気変換器500は、入力フィルタ13と、出力フィルタ15とをさらに備える。
12 変換器段、第2の変換器段、DC/DC段、出力電力段
13 入力フィルタ
14 昇降圧ブリッジレッグ、中位昇降圧ブリッジレッグ、電流注入回路
15 出力フィルタ
16 レッグ、ブリッジレッグ
17 レッグ、ブリッジレッグ
18 レッグ、ブリッジレッグ
19 昇圧ブリッジレッグ、上位昇圧ブリッジレッグ、PWM変調上位昇圧ブリッジレッグ、昇圧ブリッジ、上位昇圧ブリッジ、昇圧回路、回路
20 昇圧ブリッジレッグ、下位昇圧ブリッジレッグ、PWM変調下位昇圧ブリッジレッグ、昇圧ブリッジ、下位昇圧ブリッジ、昇圧回路、回路
21 3相ACグリッド、電気ACグリッド、AC主電源側、ACグリッド
22 DC負荷、負荷
23 スイッチングデバイス、デバイス
24 3相ブリッジ整流器、ブリッジ変換器、ブリッジ整流器、整流器
25 相セレクタ
26 DC/DC変換器段、変換器段
40 中央制御ユニット、コントローラ、制御ユニット
41 入力ポート
42 測定値入力ポート
43 測定値入力ポート
44 測定値入力ポート
45 測定値入力ポート
50 通信インターフェース
51 スイッチ信号生成器
52 スイッチ信号生成器
53 スイッチ信号生成器
54 PWM生成要素
60 外部電圧制御ループ
61 比較器
62 制御要素
63 乗算器
64 計算要素
65 比較器
66 制御要素
67 加算要素
70 内部電流制御ループ、電流コントローラ、電流制御ループ
71 個別電流コントローラ、コントローラ、電流コントローラ
72 比較器
73 制御要素
74 個別電流コントローラ、コントローラ、電流コントローラ
77 個別電流コントローラ、コントローラ、電流コントローラ
81 選択要素、セレクタ要素
93 測定値処理ユニット
94 測定値処理ユニット
95 測定値処理ユニット
96 測定値処理ユニット
100 電気変換器、電気的3相AC-DC変換器、変換器
200 電気変換器、変換器
300 電気変換器、変換器
400 電気変換器、変換器
500 電気変換器、変換器
700 バッテリ充電システム
701 変換器段
702 インターフェース
703 バッテリ
704 電源ユニット
Claims (12)
- 3つの相電圧を有するAC信号をDC信号に変換するための電気変換器(100、200、300、400、500)であって、
3つの相端子(A、B、C)と、第1のDC端子(P)および第2のDC端子(N)と、
前記3つの相端子に動作可能に結合され、第1の中間ノード(x)と第2の中間ノード(y)とを備える第1の変換器段(11)であって、前記第1の変換器段が、少なくとも前記3つの相端子における前記AC信号と、前記第1の中間ノード(x)および前記第2の中間ノード(y)における第1の信号との間で変換するように構成された、第1の変換器段(11)と、
前記第1および第2のDC端子(P、N)に動作可能に結合され、第3の中間ノード(r)と第4の中間ノード(s)とを備える第2の変換器段(12)であって、前記第2の変換器段が、前記第3および第4の中間ノード(r、s)における第2の信号と、前記第1および第2のDC端子(P、N)における前記DC信号との間で変換するように動作可能な昇圧回路(19、20)を備え、前記昇圧回路が、少なくとも1つの第1のアクティブスイッチ(Sxm、Smy)を備える、第2の変換器段(12)と、
前記第1の中間ノード(x)を前記第3の中間ノード(r)に接続し、前記第2の中間ノード(y)を前記第4の中間ノード(s)に接続するリンクと、
第2のアクティブスイッチを介して、前記少なくとも3つの相端子のうちの最小の瞬時絶対電圧値を有する前記相端子と前記第1および第2のDC端子(P、N)との間、または最小の瞬時絶対電圧値を有する前記相端子と前記第1および第2の中間ノードとの間を接続するように動作可能な電流注入回路と、
前記少なくとも1つの第1のアクティブスイッチ(Sxm、Smy)および前記第2のアクティブスイッチがパルス幅変調によって動作される第1の動作モードを実装されたコントローラ(40)と
を備え、
前記電気変換器が、前記第1および第2のDC端子(P、N)に動作可能に結合され、前記第1および第2のDC端子における前記DC信号を少なくとも2つの第3の端子(P'、N')における第4の信号に変換するように動作可能な第3の変換器段をさらに備え、
前記コントローラ(40)が、前記第3および第4の中間ノード(r、s)が前記第1および第2のDC端子(P、N)にそれぞれ継続的に接続され、そして、前記第2の変換器段(12)が動作せず、前記第2のアクティブスイッチがパルス幅変調によって動作され、前記第3の変換器段が定電力モードにおいて動作されるように構成される、第2の動作モードを実装されることを特徴とする、
電気変換器(100、200、300、400、500)であって、
前記コントローラが、前記第1および第2のDC端子における設定または測定された電圧を表す第3の信号を受信するための第1の入力を備え、前記コントローラが、前記AC信号の瞬時全波整流電圧値を表すしきい値を決定し、前記第3の信号と前記しきい値との間の比較に基づいて前記第2の動作モードにおいて動作するように構成された、電気変換器。 - 前記コントローラが、前記第3の信号が前記しきい値以下である場合、前記第2の動作モードにおいて動作するように構成された、請求項1に記載の電気変換器。
- 前記コントローラが、前記昇圧回路(19、20)の間欠動作によって、前記第1の動作モードと前記第2の動作モードとの間を遷移するように構成された、請求項1または2に記載の電気変換器。
- 前記第3の変換器段が、少なくとも1つのDC/DC変換器(26)またはDC/AC変換器を備える、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の電気変換器。
- 前記第3の変換器段が、ガルバニック絶縁されたDC/DC変換器(26)を備える、請求項4に記載の電気変換器。
- 前記昇圧回路が、前記第1のDC端子(P)と前記第2のDC端子(N)との間に積層された第1の昇圧回路(19)と第2の昇圧回路(20)とを備え、前記第1および第2の昇圧回路が、共通ノード(m)を備え、前記第1および第2の昇圧回路の各々が、前記第1のアクティブスイッチ(Sxm、Smy)のうちの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の電気変換器。
- 前記電流注入回路が、前記3つの相端子を第5の中間ノード(z)に選択的に接続するように構成された第3のアクティブスイッチ(Saza、Sbzb、Sczc)を備える相セレクタ(25)を備え、前記第2のアクティブスイッチ(SPz、SzN)が、前記第5の中間ノード(z)を前記第1のDC端子(P)および前記第2のDC端子(N)に接続するように動作可能であり、前記コントローラ(40)が、前記3つの相電圧の最小の瞬時絶対電圧値を有する前記相端子が前記第5の中間ノード(z)に継続的に接続されるスイッチングパターンに従って、前記第3のアクティブスイッチのスイッチングを制御するように構成された、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の電気変換器(100、200、300、400)。
- 前記第2の動作モードにおいて、前記コントローラ(40)が、パルス幅変調によって前記第2のアクティブスイッチ(SPz、SzN)を動作させるように構成された、請求項7に記載の電気変換器。
- 前記第1の変換器段が、前記3つの相端子における前記AC信号と前記第1の中間ノード(x)および前記第2の中間ノード(y)における前記第1の信号との間で変換するための3つのアクティブブリッジレッグを備えるブリッジ変換器を備え、前記コントローラ(40)が、前記電流注入回路の前記第2のアクティブスイッチとして機能するように、パルス幅変調によって、前記3つのアクティブブリッジレッグのうちの、最小の瞬時絶対電圧値を有する前記AC信号の前記相電圧に対応するアクティブブリッジレッグを動作させるように構成される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の電気変換器(500)。
- ブリッジ変換器が、最高瞬時電圧値を有する前記AC信号の前記相に対応する前記相端子が前記第1の中間ノードに継続的に接続され、最低瞬時電圧値を有する前記AC信号の前記相に対応する前記相端子が前記第2の中間ノードに継続的に接続されるように構成された、請求項9に記載の電気変換器。
- 電源を備えるバッテリ充電システムであって、前記電源が、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の電気変換器を備える、バッテリ充電システム。
- 電源を備える電気モータ駆動システムであって、前記電源が、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の電気変換器を備える、電気モータ駆動システム。
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