JP7631793B2 - 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 - Google Patents
日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7631793B2 JP7631793B2 JP2020215132A JP2020215132A JP7631793B2 JP 7631793 B2 JP7631793 B2 JP 7631793B2 JP 2020215132 A JP2020215132 A JP 2020215132A JP 2020215132 A JP2020215132 A JP 2020215132A JP 7631793 B2 JP7631793 B2 JP 7631793B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solar radiation
- radiation shielding
- functional material
- material particles
- laminated structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
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- B32B7/023—Optical properties
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Description
前記2枚の合わせ板間に配置された中間層と、を有し、
前記合わせ板、および前記中間層から選択された1以上の部材が日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含有しており、
前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子が、一般式MxWyOz(ただし、M元素は、Cs、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cu、Ag、Ca、Sr、Ba、In、Tl、Sn、Yb、Siから選択される1種類以上の元素、Wはタングステン、Oは酸素、0.001≦x/y≦1、3.0<z/y<3.4)で表記される複合タングステン酸化物の粒子を含有し、
前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の粒子径が10nm以上100nm以下である日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体を提供する。
1.日射遮蔽機能材料粒子
本実施形態に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子は、一般式MxWyOzで表記される複合タングステン酸化物の粒子を含有できる。
2.日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の製造方法
日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の製造方法の構成例について説明する。本実施形態の日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の製造方法によれば、既述の日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を製造できる。このため、既に説明した事項については一部説明を省略する。
(1)固相反応法
固相反応法により複合タングステン酸化物粒子を製造する場合、以下の工程を有することができる。
(混合工程)
混合工程に供するタングステン化合物としては、例えばタングステン酸(H2WO4)、タングステン酸アンモニウム、六塩化タングステン、アルコールに溶解した六塩化タングステンに水を添加して加水分解した後溶媒を蒸発させたタングステンの水和物、から選ばれる1種類以上を用いることができる。
(第1熱処理工程)
第1熱処理工程における熱処理温度は特に限定されないが、複合タングステン酸化物粒子が結晶化する温度よりも高いことが好ましい。具体的には例えば500℃以上1000℃以下が好ましく、500℃以上800℃以下がより好ましい。
(第2熱処理工程)
第2熱処理工程では、既述の様に還元性ガス雰囲気中、還元性ガスと不活性ガスとの混合ガス雰囲気中、あるいは不活性ガス雰囲気中で500℃以上1200℃以下の温度で熱処理を行うことができる。
(2)プラズマ法
本実施形態の日射遮蔽機能材料粒子が含有する既述の一般式MxWyOzで表記される複合タングステン酸化物粒子は、例えばプラズマ法により製造することもできる。プラズマ法により、日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を作製する場合、以下の工程を有することができる。
(原料調製工程)
出発原料として、タングステン化合物とM元素化合物との原料混合物を調製する場合、タングステン化合物とM元素化合物との原料混合物における、M元素(M)とタングステン(W)との物質量比(M:W)が、目的とする複合タングステン酸化物の既述の一般式におけるxとyとの比x:yと等しくなるように各原料を配合、混合することが好ましい。
(反応工程)
反応工程において出発原料を搬送するキャリアガスとしては、不活性ガスと酸素ガスとの混合ガスを用いることができる。
3.日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体
次に本実施形態の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体について説明する。
(1)合わせ板
本実施形態の合わせ構造体において、合わせ板は、中間層をその両側から挟み合わせる板であり、可視光領域において透明な、板ガラスや、板状プラスチックを用いることができる。板状プラスチックは、既述の日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含むこともできるため、日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含む板状プラスチックとすることもできる。
(日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含む板状プラスチックの製造方法)
日射遮蔽機能材料粒子をプラスチック(樹脂)に練り込むときは、プラスチックを該プラスチックの融点付近の温度(例えば200~300℃前後)まで加熱し、日射遮蔽機能材料粒子をプラスチックと混合する。そして、プラスチックと日射遮蔽機能材料粒子との混合物をペレット化し、該ペレットを所望の方式でフィルムやシート状等の所望の形状に成形することができる。ペレットを成形する方法としては特に限定されないが、例えば、押し出し成形法、インフレーション成形法、溶液流延法、キャスティング法等が挙げられる。この時のフィルム形状や、シート形状、ボード形状等を有する板状プラスチックの厚さは、合わせ構造体の使用目的に応じて適宜選定すればよい。プラスチックに対する日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の添加量は、板状プラスチックの厚さや必要とされる光学特性、機械特性等に応じて任意に選択できる。日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の、プラスチックに対する添加量は、一般的に該プラスチックに対して50重量%以下が好ましい。
(2)中間層
次に、本実施形態の合わせ構造体が有する中間層について説明する。
(中間膜)
中間層が有することができる中間膜の構成について説明する。
(形態A-1)
図3に、形態A-1の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体の一例の断面図を示す。図3に示すように、形態A-1の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体501は、2枚の合わせ板51により中間層521を挟み込んでいる。中間層521は、日射遮蔽機能材料粒子611と、合成樹脂612とを含有する中間膜621、すなわち日射遮蔽中間膜により構成されている。日射遮蔽機能材料粒子611は、合成樹脂612内に分散して含有されることが好ましい。
(形態B-1)
次に、形態Bと形態1とを組み合わせた形態の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態A-2)
次に形態Aと形態2とを組み合わせた形態A-2の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態B-2)
次に形態Bと形態2とを組み合わせた形態B-2の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態A-3)
次に形態Aと形態3とを組み合わせた形態A-3の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態B-3)
次に形態Bと形態3とを組み合わせた形態B-3の合わせ構造体について説明する。
さらに、日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含まない中間膜用シートに適宜な添加剤を添加することで、UVカット、色調調整、等の機能付加を行なうことができる。
(形態A-4)
次に形態Aと形態4とを組み合わせた形態A-4の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(イ)図6に、形態A-4のうち(イ)に係る日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体504の一例の断面図を示す。すなわち、中間層が、延性を有する樹脂フィルム基板と、該延性を有する樹脂フィルム基板の片面上に配置された日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含む日射遮蔽層と、を含む2層以上の中間膜の積層体を有する形態になる。
(ロ)中間層が、延性を有する樹脂フィルム基板を含む2層以上の中間膜の積層体を有し、該延性を有する樹脂フィルム基板が内部に日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含む日射遮蔽層である形態について説明する。
(形態B-4)
次に形態Bと形態4とを組み合わせた形態B-4の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態A-5)
次に形態Aと形態5とを組み合わせた形態A-5の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態B-5)
次に形態Bと形態5とを組み合わせた形態B-5の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態A-6)
次に形態Aと形態6とを組み合わせた形態A-6の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態B-6)
次に形態Bと形態6とを組み合わせた形態B-6の合わせ構造体について説明する。
(形態B-7)
次に形態Bと形態7とを組み合わせた形態B-7の合わせ構造体について説明する。
4.日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の分散液、添加液、塗布液の製造方法
既述の中間膜等を形成する際に用いることができる日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の分散液、添加液、塗布液の製造方法について説明する。
[実施例1]
水36gにCs2CO323.5gを溶解し、これをH2WO4109gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例1に係る原料混合物を得た(原料調製工程)。
<耐熱性評価>
得られた合わせ構造体Aについて、大気中120℃に125時間保持する耐熱性試験を実施して、日射遮蔽構造体の可視光透過率と日射透過率のΔ値を評価した。
[実施例3]
実施例2において、5L/minのアルゴンガスと0.01L/minの酸素ガスとの混合ガスをキャリアガスとした点以外は、実施例2と同様にして実施例3に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を製造した。そして、実施例3に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を用いた点以外は、実施例1と同様にして分散液、合わせ構造体を作製し評価した。
[実施例4]
4L/minのアルゴンガスと0.01L/minの酸素ガスとの混合ガスをキャリアガスとした点以外は、実施例2と同様にして実施例4に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を製造した。そして、実施例4に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を用いた点以外は、実施例1と同様にして分散液、合わせ構造体を作製し評価した。
[実施例5]
5L/minのアルゴンガスと0.02L/minの酸素ガスとの混合ガスをキャリアガスとした点以外は、実施例2と同様にして実施例5に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を製造した。そして、実施例5に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を用いた点以外は、実施例1と同様にして分散液、合わせ構造体を作製し評価した。
[実施例6]
4.5L/minのアルゴンガスと0.02L/minの酸素ガスとの混合ガスをキャリアガスとし、かつ実施例1で調製した原料混合物を2.5g/minの割合でプラズマ中に供給した点以外は、実施例2と同様にして実施例6に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を製造した。そして、実施例6に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を用いた点以外は、実施例1と同様にして分散液、合わせ構造体を作製し評価した。
[実施例7]
水50gにLi2CO36.65gを溶解し、これをH2WO4150gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例7に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例8]
水43gにNa2CO32.74gを溶解し、これをH2WO4130gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例8に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例9]
水59gにK2CO313.43gを溶解し、これをH2WO4180gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例9に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例10]
水50gにRb2CO322.17gを溶解し、これをH2WO4150gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例10に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例11]
水40gにCu(NO3)23H2Oを30.16g溶解し、これをH2WO4120gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例11に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例12]
水40gにAg2CO30.66gを溶解し、これをH2WO4120gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例12に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例13]
水53gにCaCO36.42gを溶解し、これをH2WO4 160gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例13に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例14]
水59gにSrCO38.50gを溶解し、これをH2WO4180gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例14に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例15]
水40gにBaCO313.26gを溶解し、これをH2WO4120gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例15に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例16]
In2O31.67gとH2WO4150gを擂潰機で十分混合し、実施例16に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例17]
水180gにTlNO312.15gを溶解し、これをH2WO460gに添加して十分攪拌した後、乾燥し、実施例17に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例18]
SnO217.18gとH2WO4150gを擂潰機で十分混合し、実施例18に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例19]
Yb2O317.98gとH2WO4120gを擂潰機で十分混合し、実施例19に係る原料混合物を得た。
[実施例20]
日産化学社製スノ-テックスSを17.25gと、H2WO4150gとを擂潰機で十分混合した後、乾燥し、実施例20に係る原料混合物を得た。
[比較例1]
水50gに、炭酸セシウム(Cs2CO3)55.45gを溶解して、溶液を得た。当該溶液を、タングステン酸(H2WO4)286gに添加して十分攪拌混合した後、攪拌しながら乾燥した。なお、乾燥物中のWとCsとのモル比はW:Cs=1:0.33である。
(まとめ)
表1から明らかなように、実施例1から実施例20に係る日射遮蔽機能材料粒子は、含有する複合タングステン酸化物の一般式MxWyOzにおけるzとyについて、3.0<z/yの関係を満たしていた。そして、実施例1から実施例20に係る合わせ構造体はΔ値が、可視光透過率、日射透過率のいずれに関しても1.0%以下であり耐候性に優れることも確認できた。
51、70 合わせ板
521~528 中間層
611 日射遮蔽機能材料粒子
612、631 合成樹脂
622 中間膜
Claims (10)
- 板ガラス、板状プラスチックから選択された2枚の合わせ板と、
前記2枚の合わせ板間に配置された中間層と、を有し、
前記合わせ板、および前記中間層から選択された1以上の部材が日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含有しており、
前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子が、一般式MxWyOz(ただし、M元素は、Cs、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cu、Ag、Ca、Sr、Ba、In、Tl、Sn、Yb、Siから選択される1種類以上の元素、Wはタングステン、Oは酸素、0.001≦x/y≦1、3.0<z/y<3.4)で表記される複合タングステン酸化物の粒子を含有し、
前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子の粒子径が10nm以上100nm以下である日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。 - 前記M元素が、Cs、Rb、K、Tl、In、Ba、Li、Ca、Sr、Snから選択される1種類以上の元素を含有する請求項1に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。
- 前記複合タングステン酸化物の粒子が、六方晶、正方晶、および立方晶から選択される1種類以上の結晶構造の結晶を含む請求項1または請求項2に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。
- 前記M元素がCs、Rbから選択される1種類以上の元素を含有し、
前記複合タングステン酸化物は、六方晶の結晶構造を備え、
前記複合タングステン酸化物の格子定数は、a軸が7.3850Å以上7.4186Å以下、c軸が7.5600Å以上7.6240Å以下である請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。 - 前記中間層が、合成樹脂を含有する少なくとも1層の中間膜を含み、
前記中間層は、前記中間膜として、前記合成樹脂と、前記合成樹脂中に配置された前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子とを含有する日射遮蔽中間膜を少なくとも1層有する請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。 - 前記中間層が、合成樹脂を含む少なくとも1層の中間膜を有し、
前記中間層は、前記中間膜として、
前記合成樹脂を含有する支持中間膜と、
前記支持中間膜の少なくとも一方の表面上に形成された、前記合成樹脂と、前記合成樹脂中に配置された前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子とを含有する日射遮蔽中間膜とを有する請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。 - 前記支持中間膜が、延性を有する樹脂フィルムである請求項6に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。
- 前記中間層が、合成樹脂を含む少なくとも1層の中間膜を有し、
前記中間層は、前記中間膜として、延性を有する樹脂フィルムであり、前記樹脂フィルム内に前記日射遮蔽機能材料粒子を含有する日射遮蔽中間膜を有する請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。 - 前記合成樹脂が、ビニル系樹脂またはアイオノマー樹脂である請求項5から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。
- 前記板状プラスチックは、ポリカーボネート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、およびポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂から選択された1種類以上の樹脂を含む請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体。
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| JP2020215132A JP7631793B2 (ja) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 |
| CN202180086717.0A CN116802053A (zh) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | 日照屏蔽用夹层结构体 |
| PCT/JP2021/047087 WO2022138591A1 (ja) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 |
| KR1020237017760A KR20230124896A (ko) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | 일사 차폐용 접합 구조체 |
| US18/255,754 US20240045124A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | Laminated structure for solar radiation shielding |
| EP21910734.9A EP4269097A4 (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | LAMINATED STRUCTURE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST SOLAR RADIATION |
| MX2023007651A MX2023007651A (es) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | Estructura laminada para la proteccion contra la radiacion solar. |
| TW110148334A TW202233428A (zh) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-23 | 日照屏蔽用夾層結構體 |
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| JP (1) | JP7631793B2 (ja) |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005087680A1 (ja) | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 |
| JP2010228959A (ja) | 2009-03-26 | 2010-10-14 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 合わせ構造体 |
| KR101182194B1 (ko) | 2011-12-07 | 2012-09-12 | 주식회사 마프로 | 적외선 흡수 무기화합물의 제조방법 |
| WO2016159207A1 (ja) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
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| JP3154645B2 (ja) | 1995-01-23 | 2001-04-09 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 自動車用合せガラス |
| JPH08217500A (ja) | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-27 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | 合わせガラス |
| JP4942578B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-03 | 2012-05-30 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 積層体 |
| CN108811502B (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2021-07-20 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 热线屏蔽微粒、热线屏蔽微粒分散液、热线屏蔽膜、热线屏蔽玻璃、热线屏蔽分散体以及热线屏蔽夹层透明基材 |
| JP7398689B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-16 | 2023-12-15 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 複合タングステン酸化物粒子の製造方法 |
| US20220143963A1 (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-12 | Garware Hi-Tech Films Limited | Adhesive backed hydrolysis-resistant window film |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005087680A1 (ja) | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 |
| JP2010228959A (ja) | 2009-03-26 | 2010-10-14 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 合わせ構造体 |
| KR101182194B1 (ko) | 2011-12-07 | 2012-09-12 | 주식회사 마프로 | 적외선 흡수 무기화합물의 제조방법 |
| WO2016159207A1 (ja) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
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| LIU, Jing-Xiao et al.,Nanocrystalline CsxWO3 particles: Effects of N2 annealing on microstructure and near-infrared shielding characteristics,Mater. Charact.,米国,Elsevier Inc.,2013年10月,Vol. 84,pp. 182-187,DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2013.08.001 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20240045124A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
| KR20230124896A (ko) | 2023-08-28 |
| TW202233428A (zh) | 2022-09-01 |
| EP4269097A1 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
| WO2022138591A1 (ja) | 2022-06-30 |
| EP4269097A4 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
| CN116802053A (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
| MX2023007651A (es) | 2023-07-07 |
| JP2022100881A (ja) | 2022-07-06 |
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