JP7641942B2 - Stem and leaf processing machine - Google Patents
Stem and leaf processing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7641942B2 JP7641942B2 JP2022200544A JP2022200544A JP7641942B2 JP 7641942 B2 JP7641942 B2 JP 7641942B2 JP 2022200544 A JP2022200544 A JP 2022200544A JP 2022200544 A JP2022200544 A JP 2022200544A JP 7641942 B2 JP7641942 B2 JP 7641942B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- leaves
- stems
- cutting blade
- stem
- hood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Description
本発明は、畝に跨って前進しながら、畝に植え付けられている根菜類（馬鈴薯、甘藷、玉葱等）の茎葉部を切断し、切断した茎葉を畝の脇へ排出する茎葉処理機に関する。 The present invention relates to a stem and leaf processing machine that moves forward across ridges, cuts the stems and leaves of root vegetables (potatoes, sweet potatoes, onions, etc.) planted in the ridges, and discharges the cut stems and leaves to the side of the ridges.
マルチフィルムを使用して根菜類を栽培し収穫するに際しては、マルチフィルム上にある茎葉部を切断してから畝を覆っているマルチフィルムを剥がし、その後収穫機を用いて畝から成長した根菜類を掘り起こしている。
本発明者は、特許文献１（特開２０１７－２０５０７７号公報）に記載されているように、マルチフィルム上に倒伏した状態となっている玉葱の茎葉部を、垂直の軸周りに回転する切断刃(10)の回転で発生する吸引力によって起立させ、起立した茎葉部を高速回転する切断刃(10)により次々と切断することができる茎葉部切断装置(1)を発明した。
また、特許文献２（特開２０２０－２８２８３号公報）には、特許文献１記載の茎葉部切断装置の改良発明であって、畝を覆うマルチフィルムが浮き上がることを抑制するため、回転刃(40)(50)を収容するメインチャンバー(61)の下方に押さえロール部(80)を備えたものが記載されている（特に、段落０００６、００６６～００６８及び図８を参照）。
特許文献３（特開２０２０－２８２８４号公報）には、同じく特許文献１記載の茎葉部切断装置の改良発明であって、回転刃(40)(50)を収容するチャンバー(60)への小石等の衝突による衝撃音の低減と、チャンバー(60)の損傷を抑制するため、メインチャンバー(61)の内側面に揺動可能な垂下部材を取り付けることが記載されている（特に、段落０００４～０００６、００７３～００７７及び図９を参照）。
さらに、特許文献４（特開２０２１－１６８６４３号公報）には、同じく特許文献１記載の茎葉部切断装置の改良発明であって、畝の中央へ向けて倒れた茎葉部も良好に切断・除去できるようにするため、第１回転刃(40)及び第２回転刃(50)よりも前方かつ左右方向の中央に位置し、畝の上面に倒れた茎葉部を左右に分ける分草部(80)を設けたものが記載されている（特に、段落０００４～０００６、００５８～００５９及び図２を参照）。
When cultivating and harvesting root vegetables using mulch film, the stems and leaves above the mulch film are cut, the mulch film covering the ridges is then peeled off, and a harvester is then used to dig up the root vegetables that have grown from the ridges.
The present inventors have invented a stem and leaf cutting device (1) that, as described in Patent Document 1 (JP 2017-205077 A), can raise the stems and leaves of onions that are lying down on a mulch film by using the suction force generated by the rotation of a cutting blade (10) that rotates around a vertical axis, and can cut the raised stems and leaves one after another by the cutting blade (10) rotating at high speed.
Moreover, Patent Document 2 (JP 2020-28283 A) describes an improved invention of the stem and leaf cutting device described in Patent Document 1, in which a pressing roll unit (80) is provided below the main chamber (61) that houses the rotating blades (40) and (50) in order to prevent the mulch film covering the ridges from floating up (see in particular paragraphs 0006, 0066 to 0068 and Figure 8).
Patent Document 3 (JP 2020-28284 A) describes an improved version of the stem and leaf cutting device described in Patent Document 1, in which a swingable hanging member is attached to the inner surface of the main chamber (61) in order to reduce impact noise caused by pebbles and the like colliding with the chamber (60) that houses the rotating blades (40) and (50) and to prevent damage to the chamber (60) (see in particular paragraphs 0004 to 0006, 0073 to 0077, and Figure 9).
Furthermore, Patent Document 4 (JP 2021-168643 A) describes an improved invention of the stem and leaf cutting device also described in Patent Document 1, in which a grass dividing section (80) is provided that is located forward of the first rotating blade (40) and the second rotating blade (50) and in the center in the left-right direction, and divides the stems and leaves that have fallen on the upper surface of the ridge into left and right parts, so that the stems and leaves that have fallen toward the center of the ridge can be effectively cut and removed (see in particular paragraphs 0004 to 0006, 0058 to 0059 and Figure 2).
特許文献１記載の茎葉部切断装置及び特許文献２～４記載の茎葉処理装置は、いずれも切断刃や回転刃を回転させることで発生する吸引力で茎葉部を起立させ、茎葉部を切断するとともに、切断された茎葉が装置の外に排出されるようになっている。
しかし、特許文献１には、切断刃(10)が２つ配置されているフード(16)の前部であって、切断されて吹き飛ばされる茎葉が衝突する部分にゴム製の干渉板が配置されている旨記載されているが、その長さや硬さ等は不明である（特に、段落００２８を参照）。
また、特許文献２及び３には、回転刃(40)(50)を収容するチャンバー(60)の裾から下方へ向けて垂れ下がるゴム板等のカバー(100)を備えることが記載されているが（特に、特許文献２の段落００８４～００８５及び図２、４並びに特許文献３の段落００８３～００８４及び図２、４を参照）、カバー(100)の構造と回転刃(40)(50)の回転によって発生する吸引力との関係は不明である。そして、特許文献２～４の図２、４は、ほぼ同じ図面であるが、特許文献４にはカバーに相当する部分の説明は記載されていない。
The stem and leaf cutting device described in Patent Document 1 and the stem and leaf processing devices described in Patent Documents 2 to 4 all use suction force generated by rotating the cutting blade or rotating blade to raise the stems and leaves, cut the stems and leaves, and then discharge the cut stems and leaves outside the device.
However, Patent Document 1 describes that a rubber interference plate is located at the front of the hood (16) where the two cutting blades (10) are arranged, where the cut stems and leaves collide with the cut stems and leaves being blown away, but the length, hardness, etc. of the interference plate are unclear (see paragraph 0028 in particular).
Furthermore, Patent Documents 2 and 3 state that a cover (100) such as a rubber plate is provided that hangs downward from the bottom of the chamber (60) that houses the rotary blades (40) and (50) (see particularly paragraphs 0084-0085 and Figures 2 and 4 of Patent Document 2 and paragraphs 0083-0084 and Figures 2 and 4 of Patent Document 3), but the relationship between the structure of the cover (100) and the suction force generated by the rotation of the rotary blades (40) and (50) is unclear. And while Figures 2 and 4 of Patent Documents 2-4 are almost identical, Patent Document 4 does not include any explanation of the part that corresponds to the cover.
特許文献１記載の茎葉部切断装置は、玉葱のような茎葉部がそれほど大きくならない作物に対しては、支障なく作動して茎葉を吸引して起立させ、切断した茎葉を装置の外に排出することができる。しかし、馬鈴薯のような茎葉部が大きく成長する作物に適用すると、茎葉部が大きい場合には吸引力及び切断力を高める必要があるため、ゴム製の干渉板がフード(16)の内部に引き込まれ、切断刃(10)に触れて切れてしまうことがある。
そして、本発明者は、フード(16)の前部に配置されているゴム製の干渉板が切れてしまうと、フード(16)の内部に発生する吸引力が弱まり茎葉の切り残しが多く発生することになって、その後のマルチフィルム除去作業に支障を生じるという問題点を見出した。
The stem and leaf cutting device described in Patent Document 1 operates without any problems for crops such as onions whose stems and leaves do not grow very large, sucking in the stems and leaves, standing them up, and discharging the cut stems and leaves outside the device. However, when applied to crops such as potatoes whose stems and leaves grow large, the suction force and cutting force must be increased when the stems and leaves are large, so the rubber interference plate is drawn into the inside of the hood (16) and may come into contact with the cutting blade (10) and be cut.
The inventor then discovered that if the rubber interference plate located at the front of the hood (16) breaks, the suction force generated inside the hood (16) weakens, causing many stems and leaves to remain uncut, which causes problems when removing the mulch film thereafter.
本発明の課題は、このような問題点を解決し、茎葉部を切断する切断刃の回転による吸引力を効率よく発生させることを第１の課題とし、フードを小型化するとともに、切断された茎葉部をスムーズに装置の外に排出させることを第２の課題としている。 The objective of the present invention is to solve these problems and to efficiently generate suction force by rotating the cutting blade that cuts the stems and leaves, and the second objective is to reduce the size of the hood and smoothly discharge the cut stems and leaves outside the device.
請求項１に係る発明は、畝に跨って走行しながら、畝に植え付けられている根菜類の茎葉部を切断し、切断した茎葉を畝の脇へ排出するための茎葉処理機において、
上下方向に延びる回転軸を中心に回転し、茎葉部を切断する切断刃と、
前記切断刃を収容し、前記切断刃の回転により発生する吸引力で前記茎葉部を起立させ、前記切断刃で切断された茎葉を捕集し、吹出口から前記茎葉を吹き出すフードと、
前記吹出口に連通し、吹き出された茎葉を排出するダクトと、
前記フードの後部の両側に固定されている一対の後輪支持フレームと、
前記一対の後輪支持フレームの先端に軸着されている後輪と、
前記切断刃の周囲から前記フードの下端部付近まで延びる円弧状部を備えており、
前記円弧状部における円弧の全長は、前記切断刃の周囲の全長の７割以上であることを特徴とする。
The invention according to claim 1 is a stem and leaf processing machine for cutting stems and leaves of root vegetables planted in ridges while traveling across the ridges and discharging the cut stems and leaves to the side of the ridges, comprising:
A cutting blade that rotates around a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction and cuts the stem and leaf portion;
a hood that houses the cutting blade, stands the stems and leaves by suction force generated by the rotation of the cutting blade, collects the stems and leaves cut by the cutting blade, and blows the stems and leaves out of an outlet;
A duct communicating with the air outlet and discharging the blown out leaves and stems;
A pair of rear wheel support frames fixed to both sides of the rear portion of the hood;
rear wheels pivotally attached to the ends of the pair of rear wheel support frames;
The cutting blade has an arcuate portion extending from a periphery of the cutting blade to a vicinity of a lower end of the hood,
The total length of the arc of the arc-shaped portion is at least 70% of the total length of the circumference of the cutting blade.
請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に記載の茎葉処理機において、
前記切断刃は、前記フードの左右方向に複数配置されており、
前記円弧状部は、前記切断刃の隣接部には設置されていないことを特徴とする。
The invention according to claim 2 is the stem and leaf treatment machine according to claim 1,
The cutting blades are arranged in a plurality of positions in the left-right direction of the hood,
The arcuate portion is not provided in an adjacent portion of the cutting blade.
請求項１に係る発明によれば、切断刃の周囲からフードの下端部付近まで延びる円弧状部を備えているので、茎葉部を切断する切断刃の回転による吸引力を効率よく発生させることができる。 According to the invention of claim 1, since the cutting blade has an arc-shaped portion that extends from the periphery to the lower end of the hood, suction force can be efficiently generated by the rotation of the cutting blade that cuts the stems and leaves.
請求項２に係る発明によれば、請求項１に係る発明による効果に加えて、切断刃がフードの左右方向に複数配置されているので、幅が広い割にフードの奥行きを小さくすることができる。また、円弧状部が切断刃の隣接部には設置されておらず、切断された茎葉部が複数配置されている切断刃の隣接部において円弧状部にぶつかることがないので、切断された茎葉部をスムーズに装置の外に排出させることができる。 According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, since multiple cutting blades are arranged on the left and right sides of the hood, the depth of the hood can be made small despite its wide width. Also, since the arc-shaped portion is not installed adjacent to the cutting blade, the cut stems and leaves do not collide with the arc-shaped portion at the adjacent portion of the cutting blade where multiple cut stems and leaves are arranged, so the cut stems and leaves can be smoothly discharged outside the device.
以下、実施例によって本発明の実施形態を説明する。 The following describes the embodiment of the present invention using examples.
図１は、実施例に係る茎葉処理機１とトラクター２を接続した状態の側面図であり、図２及び図３は、それぞれ実施例に係る茎葉処理機１の正面図及び底面図である。
実施例に係る茎葉処理機１は、図１に示すように、前部側がトラクター２の後部に対して一対の連結シリンダ３及び一本の連結部材４により切り離し可能に連結される。
また、茎葉処理機１は、図３に示すように、上下方向に延びる２本の回転軸５を中心に回転する２つの切断刃６と、両切断刃６を収容するフード７と、フード７の右側面にある吹出口（図示せず）に連通し、右側面に固定されているダクト８等からなっている。
そして、茎葉処理機１は、一対の連結シリンダ３を伸長させることにより、路上走行や点検の際に地面から持ち上げることができるようになっている。
FIG. 1 is a side view of a forage treatment machine 1 according to the embodiment connected to a tractor 2, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a front view and a bottom view, respectively, of the forage treatment machine 1 according to the embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1 , the front side of the stem and leaf treatment machine 1 according to the embodiment is detachably connected to the rear of a tractor 2 by a pair of connecting cylinders 3 and one connecting member 4 .
As shown in FIG. 3, the stem and leaf processing machine 1 comprises two cutting blades 6 which rotate around two rotating shafts 5 extending in the vertical direction, a hood 7 which houses both cutting blades 6, and a duct 8 which is connected to an air outlet (not shown) on the right side of the hood 7 and is fixed to the right side.
The stem and leaf treatment machine 1 can be lifted off the ground when traveling on roads or for inspection by extending the pair of connecting cylinders 3.
図１～３に示すように、フード７の前部（トラクター２側）の中央やや左側には、前部支持フレーム９が固定されており、前部支持フレーム９の先端にはトラクター２に連結されているときには地面から浮いており、トラクター２から切り離されているときには地面に接する脚部１０が設けてある。
そして、フード７の後部（トラクター２の反対側）の両側中央付近には一対のフレーム固定部材１１が設けられ、それぞれのフレーム固定部材１１には、後輪支持フレーム１２が上下方向に摺動可能、かつ、複数の位置において固定可能に取り付けられており、各後輪支持フレーム１２の先端には後輪１３が固定されている。
そのため、後輪支持フレーム１２の上下位置を、畝の高さや茎葉部の大きさに合わせて調整し固定することによって、切断刃６の高さを最適化することができ、畝の高さや茎葉部の大きさが多少変動しても、スムーズに茎葉部を通過させることができる。
さらに、図２に示すように、フード７の前部の中央付近には、トラクター２の駆動装置により回転する回転駆動軸１５を連結する連結部１６が設けてあり、フード７の内部にある駆動機構（図示せず）によって回転駆動軸１５からの回転力を伝達し、図３に示す２本の回転軸５及び２つの切断刃６を回転させることができるようになっている。
このような構造になっているので、フード７及びダクト８は、トラクター２と後輪支持フレーム１２との間で支持され、畝を跨いで両側の通路を後輪１３がトラクター２に引かれて転がることによって、畝の上を移動していくことができ、かつ、移動しながら２つの切断刃６を回転させて各種根菜類の茎葉部を切断することができる。
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a front support frame 9 is fixed to the front of the hood 7 (tractor 2 side) slightly left of the center, and the tip of the front support frame 9 is provided with legs 10 that are raised off the ground when connected to the tractor 2 and that are in contact with the ground when detached from the tractor 2.
A pair of frame fixing members 11 are provided near the center of both sides of the rear of the hood 7 (opposite the tractor 2), and a rear wheel support frame 12 is attached to each frame fixing member 11 so that it can slide vertically and be fixed in a plurality of positions, and a rear wheel 13 is fixed to the tip of each rear wheel support frame 12.
Therefore, by adjusting and fixing the vertical position of the rear wheel support frame 12 in accordance with the height of the ridges and the size of the stems and leaves, the height of the cutting blade 6 can be optimized, and the stems and leaves can be passed through smoothly even if the height of the ridges or the size of the stems and leaves fluctuates slightly.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, a connecting portion 16 is provided near the center of the front part of the hood 7 for connecting a rotary drive shaft 15 rotated by the drive unit of the tractor 2. The rotary force from the rotary drive shaft 15 can be transmitted by a drive mechanism (not shown) inside the hood 7 to rotate the two rotary shafts 5 and two cutting blades 6 shown in FIG. 3.
With this structure, the hood 7 and duct 8 are supported between the tractor 2 and the rear wheel support frame 12, and the rear wheels 13 are pulled by the tractor 2 and roll along the paths on both sides across the ridges, allowing the machine to move over the ridges, and by rotating the two cutting blades 6 as it moves, the machine can cut the stems and leaves of various root vegetables.
図１の右下に示すように、フード７の両側部の下端にはゴム製の下部側面板１４が設けられている。また、図３に示すように、フード７の前部（図３では上側）には金属製の保護板１７が設けられており、保護板１７の内側（図３では下側）には２つの切断刃６の周囲からフード７の下端部付近まで延びる２つの円弧状の板体１８が保護板１７及びフード７の側面に固定されている。そのため、茎葉部が直接２つの円弧状の板体１８にぶつかることがないので、円弧状の板体１８が傷ついたり変形したりすることがない。
さらに、保護板１７と前部支持フレーム９との間には、保護板１７の前面を保護するゴム製の前面板１９が設けてあり、前面板１９は適宜交換することが可能である。
また、フード７の後方側（図３では下方側）には、２つの切断刃６の周囲を取り巻くようにフード７の下端部付近まで延びる２つの円弧状の壁部２０が設けられている。そして、以下では２つの円弧状の板体１８及び円弧状の壁部２０を合わせて円弧状部という。
上記のとおり、２つの切断刃６は、その周囲からフード７の下端部付近まで延びる円弧状部で取り囲まれるので、両切断刃６が回転すると円弧状部の内部のみに上昇気流が発生し、吸引力を効率よく発生させることができる。
ただし、必ずしも切断刃６の周囲を全て円弧状部で取り囲む必要は無く、特に複数の切断刃を有している場合には、むしろ円弧状部を切断刃６の隣接部には設置しない方が、切断された茎葉部が切断刃６の隣接部において円弧状部にぶつかることがないので、切断された茎葉部をスムーズに装置の外に排出させることができる。
すなわち、切断刃６の周囲のうちフード７の内壁面から離れている部分及び他の切断刃６と隣接していない部分を円弧状部とすれば、吸引力を効率よく発生させることができるので、円弧状部における円弧の全長は切断刃６の周囲の全長の７割以上あれば良い。
As shown in the lower right of Fig. 1, a rubber lower side plate 14 is provided at the lower end of both sides of the hood 7. Also, as shown in Fig. 3, a metal protective plate 17 is provided at the front of the hood 7 (upper side in Fig. 3), and two arc-shaped plates 18 extending from around the two cutting blades 6 to near the lower end of the hood 7 are fixed to the protective plate 17 and the side of the hood 7 on the inside of the protective plate 17 (lower side in Fig. 3). Therefore, the stems and leaves do not directly collide with the two arc-shaped plates 18, and the arc-shaped plates 18 are not damaged or deformed.
Furthermore, a rubber front plate 19 for protecting the front surface of the protective plate 17 is provided between the protective plate 17 and the front support frame 9, and the front plate 19 can be replaced as required.
Further, two arc-shaped wall portions 20 are provided on the rear side of the hood 7 (the lower side in FIG. 3 ) so as to surround the two cutting blades 6 and extend to the vicinity of the lower end of the hood 7. In the following description, the two arc-shaped plates 18 and the arc-shaped wall portions 20 are collectively referred to as the arc-shaped portion.
As described above, the two cutting blades 6 are surrounded by an arc-shaped portion extending from their periphery to near the lower end of the hood 7, so that when both cutting blades 6 rotate, an ascending air current is generated only inside the arc-shaped portion, allowing suction force to be generated efficiently.
However, it is not necessary for the cutting blade 6 to be completely surrounded by the arc-shaped portion. In particular, when there are multiple cutting blades, it is better not to install arc-shaped portions adjacent to the cutting blade 6, so that the cut stems and leaves will not collide with the arc-shaped portions adjacent to the cutting blade 6, and the cut stems and leaves can be smoothly discharged outside the device.
In other words, if the portion of the periphery of the cutting blade 6 that is away from the inner wall surface of the hood 7 and that is not adjacent to other cutting blades 6 is made into an arc-shaped portion, suction force can be generated efficiently, so the total length of the arc in the arc-shaped portion should be 70% or more of the total length of the periphery of the cutting blade 6.
実施例に係る茎葉処理機１を用いて畝に植え付けられている根菜類の茎葉部を切断し、切断した茎葉を畝の脇へ排出する作業を行う際の手順及び各作業における茎葉処理機１の動作は、以下のとおりである。
（１）トラクター２を茎葉処理機１の前に移動させ、一対の連結シリンダ３及び一本の連結部材４を、茎葉処理機１の対応する連結金具に連結する。
（２）回転駆動軸１５と連結部１６とを連結し、回転駆動軸１５を回転させて、２本の回転軸５及び２つの切断刃６が正常に回転するか確認する。
（３）トラクター２を運転し、茎葉処理機１を作業開始位置に移動させる。
（４）２つの切断刃６の高さを畝の高さや茎葉部の大きさに合わせるため、後輪支持フレーム１２の上下位置を調整し固定する（この作業は、予め畝の高さや茎葉部の大きさが分かっている場合、茎葉処理機１を作業開始位置に移動させる前に行っても良い）。
The steps for using the stem and leaf processing machine 1 of the embodiment to cut the stems and leaves of root vegetables planted in ridges and discharge the cut stems and leaves to the side of the ridges, and the operation of the stem and leaf processing machine 1 for each task are as follows.
(1) The tractor 2 is moved in front of the stem and leaf treatment machine 1, and the pair of connecting cylinders 3 and one connecting member 4 are connected to the corresponding connecting fittings of the stem and leaf treatment machine 1.
(2) The rotary drive shaft 15 is connected to the connecting portion 16, and the rotary drive shaft 15 is rotated to check whether the two rotary shafts 5 and the two cutting blades 6 rotate normally.
(3) Operate the tractor 2 and move the stem and leaf processing machine 1 to the work start position.
(4) In order to match the height of the two cutting blades 6 to the height of the ridges and the size of the stems and leaves, the vertical position of the rear wheel support frame 12 is adjusted and fixed (this operation may be performed before moving the stem and leaf processing machine 1 to the start position if the height of the ridges and the size of the stems and leaves are known in advance).
（５）根菜類の条植された畝を跨いだ状態で直進するトラクター２により、後輪１３が畝の両側の通路を転がるように茎葉処理機１を牽引し、茎葉処理機１が畝の上に進入する前に回転駆動軸１５を回転させ、２つの切断刃６を回転させる。
２つの切断刃６が回転すると上昇気流が発生するので、その状態でフード７及びダクト８を畝の上に進入させると、上昇気流に伴う吸引力によって茎葉部が起立していくとともに、起立した茎葉部は高速回転する２つの切断刃６により次々と切断されていく。
（６）切断された茎葉は、２つの切断刃６の回転に伴う上昇気流によって切断刃６の上方に飛ばされ、図２の上部に点線で示すフード７の内部に設けられている斜面壁２１に沿って上昇し、フード７の右側面に設けられている吹出口（図示せず）を通過してダクト８に送られ、ダクト８の下面及び後面に設けられている排出口２２から畝の脇へ排出される。
(5) The tractor 2 moves straight across the ridges on which root vegetables are planted in rows, towing the stem and leaf processing machine 1 so that its rear wheels 13 roll along the paths on both sides of the ridges. Before the stem and leaf processing machine 1 enters the ridges, the rotary drive shaft 15 is rotated, causing the two cutting blades 6 to rotate.
When the two cutting blades 6 rotate, an updraft is generated. When the hood 7 and duct 8 are advanced onto the ridges in this state, the suction force caused by the updraft causes the stems and leaves to stand up, and the standing stems and leaves are cut one after another by the two cutting blades 6 rotating at high speed.
(6) The cut stems and leaves are blown above the cutting blades 6 by the rising air current caused by the rotation of the two cutting blades 6, rise along the sloping wall 21 provided inside the hood 7 shown by the dotted line at the top of Figure 2, pass through an outlet (not shown) provided on the right side of the hood 7, and are sent to the duct 8, and are discharged to the side of the ridges from the exhaust outlet 22 provided on the underside and rear side of the duct 8.
（７）トラクター２が直進を続け、茎葉処理機１が畝の上から外れたら、回転駆動軸１５の回転を停止させる。
さらに、別の畝に植え付けられている根菜類の茎葉部を切断する場合は、トラクター２及び茎葉処理機１をＵターンさせ、上記（５）及び（６）の手順及び動作を繰り返す。
（８）植え付けられている根菜類の茎葉部を切断する作業及び動作が終了したら、回転駆動軸１５の回転を停止させた後に、回転駆動軸１５と連結部１６との連結を解除する。
さらに、一対の連結シリンダ３及び一本の連結部材４と、茎葉処理機１の対応する連結金具との連結を解除し、茎葉処理機１を保管場所に移動させる。
(7) The tractor 2 continues moving straight, and when the stalk/leaf processor 1 moves off the top of the furrow, the rotation of the rotary drive shaft 15 is stopped.
Furthermore, when cutting the stems and leaves of root vegetables planted in another furrow, the tractor 2 and the stem and leaf processing machine 1 are made to make a U-turn, and the above steps and operations (5) and (6) are repeated.
(8) When the work and operation of cutting the stems and leaves of the planted root vegetables is completed, the rotation of the rotating drive shaft 15 is stopped and then the connection between the rotating drive shaft 15 and the connecting part 16 is released.
Furthermore, the pair of connecting cylinders 3 and the single connecting member 4 are released from the corresponding connecting fittings of the stem and leaf processing machine 1, and the stem and leaf processing machine 1 is moved to a storage location.
実施例の変形例を列記する。
（１）実施例の切断刃６は、図３に示すように、フード７の下方に配置される回転軸５を中心に回転する２枚の刃からなるものであったが、回転軸５を中心に回転する３枚又は４枚の刃からなるものであっても良い。
（２）実施例の茎葉処理機１は、図３に示すように、上下方向に延びる２本の回転軸５を中心に回転する２つの切断刃６を有していたが、上下方向に延びる３本以上の回転軸を中心に回転する複数組の切断刃を有するものとしても良く、フード７の中央に配置され上下方向に延びる１本の回転軸を中心に回転する１つの切断刃を有するものとしても良い。
そして、左右に並べる切断刃の数を増やすほど、幅が広い割にフード７の奥行きを小さくすることができ、切断刃の数を減らすほど、茎葉処理機１の構造を簡素化できる。
（３）実施例においては、フード７の下部に２つの切断刃６が収容され、両切断刃６の周囲からフード７の下端部付近まで延びる円弧状部（２つの円弧状の板体１８及び２つの円弧状の壁部２０）が設けられ、両切断刃６の隣接部には何も設けなかったが、同隣接部に円弧状部又は板体１８の中央と壁部２０の中央とを接続する矩形の板を設けても良い。
また、実施例の説明においては、円弧状部における円弧の全長は切断刃６の周囲の全長の７割以上あれば良いとしたが、図３に示すように、前面側の円弧の全長は切断刃６の周囲の全長の３８％以上（左右の円弧状部が１３５度以上）、後面側の円弧の全長は切断刃６の周囲の全長の４０％以上（左右の円弧状部が１４５度以上）あるとより良い。
（４）実施例の茎葉処理機１は、図１～３に示すように、フード７の前部の中央やや左側に前部支持フレーム９が固定され、その先端にはトラクター２に連結されているときには地面から浮いており、トラクター２から切り離されているときには地面に接する脚部１０が設けてあったが、フード７の前部の両側に、一対の前輪支持フレームを固定し、その先端にトラクター２に連結されているときには地面から浮いており、トラクター２から切り離されているときには地面に接する前輪を設けても良い。そうすると、茎葉処理機１をトラクター２から切り離しても、容易に茎葉処理機１を移動させることができる。
Modifications of the embodiment are listed below.
(1) In the embodiment, the cutting blade 6 is composed of two blades that rotate around the rotating shaft 5 located below the hood 7, as shown in FIG. 3. However, it may be composed of three or four blades that rotate around the rotating shaft 5.
(2) As shown in FIG. 3, the stem and leaf processing machine 1 in the embodiment has two cutting blades 6 that rotate around two rotating shafts 5 extending in the vertical direction. However, it may have multiple sets of cutting blades that rotate around three or more rotating shafts that extend in the vertical direction, or it may have one cutting blade that rotates around a single rotating shaft that is positioned in the center of the hood 7 and extends in the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the more cutting blades arranged side by side, the smaller the depth of the hood 7 can be made given its width, and the fewer the number of cutting blades, the simpler the structure of the stem and leaf processing machine 1 can be.
(3) In the embodiment, the two cutting blades 6 are housed in the lower part of the hood 7, and arc-shaped portions (two arc-shaped plates 18 and two arc-shaped wall portions 20) are provided extending from around both cutting blades 6 to near the lower end of the hood 7, and nothing is provided adjacent to both cutting blades 6. However, a rectangular plate connecting the center of the arc-shaped portion or plate 18 to the center of the wall portion 20 may be provided in the adjacent portion.
In addition, in the explanation of the embodiments, it is sufficient if the total length of the arc in the arc-shaped portion is 70% or more of the total length around the cutting blade 6, but as shown in FIG. 3, it is better if the total length of the arc on the front side is 38% or more of the total length around the cutting blade 6 (the left and right arc-shaped portions are 135 degrees or more), and the total length of the arc on the rear side is 40% or more of the total length around the cutting blade 6 (the left and right arc-shaped portions are 145 degrees or more).
(4) As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the stem and leaf processing machine 1 of the embodiment has a front support frame 9 fixed to the front of the hood 7, slightly to the left of the center, and legs 10 at the tips of which are raised above the ground when connected to the tractor 2 and in contact with the ground when detached from the tractor 2, but a pair of front wheel support frames may be fixed to both sides of the front of the hood 7, and front wheels may be provided at the tips of which are raised above the ground when connected to the tractor 2 and in contact with the ground when detached from the tractor 2. In this way, even if the stem and leaf processing machine 1 is detached from the tractor 2, the stem and leaf processing machine 1 can be easily moved.
（５）実施例の下部側面板１４及び前面板１９はゴム製であったが、下部側面板１４及び前面板１９の材質はゴム製に限らず、柔軟性とある程度の耐久性があれば、布製、プラスチック製等どんなものでも良い。
また、下部側面板１４は畝のすぐ外側に位置する場合が多く、前面板１９は保護板１７の前面を保護するものであって、いずれも切断刃６の回転による上昇気流の発生にそれほど寄与するものではないので設けなくても良い。
さらに、保護板１７も２つの円弧状の板体１８の前部を保護するものであって、切断刃６の回転による上昇気流の発生に直接寄与するものではないので設けなくても良い。
ただし、保護板１７及び前面板１９を設けない場合には、２つの円弧状の板体１８の前面部分を補強するなどして、同板体１８の耐久性を上げる必要がある。
（６）実施例においては、フード７の後部には後面板を設けなかったが、フード７の後部にゴム製等の柔軟性のある後面板を設けても良い。そして、後面板を設ける場合には畝の形状を考慮した形状（中央にアーチ状の切欠き部を有する形状）とするのが望ましい。
(5) In the embodiment, the lower side panel 14 and the front panel 19 are made of rubber. However, the material of the lower side panel 14 and the front panel 19 is not limited to rubber. As long as it is flexible and has a certain degree of durability, it may be made of any material, such as cloth or plastic.
Furthermore, the lower side panel 14 is often located just outside the ridges, and the front panel 19 protects the front surface of the protective plate 17, and neither of them contributes significantly to the generation of an updraft caused by the rotation of the cutting blade 6, so they may not be provided.
Furthermore, the protective plate 17 is also provided to protect the front portions of the two arc-shaped plate bodies 18, and does not directly contribute to the generation of an updraft caused by the rotation of the cutting blade 6, so it does not need to be provided.
However, if the protective plate 17 and the front plate 19 are not provided, it is necessary to increase the durability of the plate 18 by, for example, reinforcing the front portions of the two arc-shaped plate bodies 18 .
(6) In the embodiment, no rear plate was provided at the rear of the hood 7, but a flexible rear plate made of rubber or the like may be provided at the rear of the hood 7. If a rear plate is provided, it is preferable that the shape of the ridges is taken into consideration (a shape having an arch-shaped cutout in the center).
１ 茎葉処理機 ２ トラクター ３ 連結シリンダ
４ 連結部材 ５ 回転軸 ６ 切断刃 ７ フード
８ ダクト ９ 前部支持フレーム １０ 脚部
１１ フレーム固定部材 １２ 後輪支持フレーム １３ 後輪
１４ 下部側面板 １５ 回転駆動軸 １６ 連結部
１７ 保護板 １８ 円弧状の板体 １９ 前面板
２０ 円弧状の壁部 ２１ 斜面壁 ２２ 排出口
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 stem and leaf processor 2 tractor 3 connecting cylinder 4 connecting member 5 rotating shaft 6 cutting blade 7 hood 8 duct 9 front support frame 10 legs 11 frame fixing member 12 rear wheel support frame 13 rear wheel 14 lower side panel 15 rotating drive shaft 16 connecting portion 17 protective plate 18 arc-shaped plate body 19 front panel 20 arc-shaped wall portion 21 sloping wall 22 discharge outlet
Claims (2)
上下方向に延びる回転軸を中心に回転し、茎葉部を切断する切断刃と、
前記切断刃を収容し、前記切断刃の回転により発生する吸引力で前記茎葉部を起立させ、前記切断刃で切断された茎葉を捕集し、吹出口から前記茎葉を吹き出すフードと、
前記吹出口に連通し、吹き出された茎葉を排出するダクトと、
前記フードの後部の両側に固定されている一対の後輪支持フレームと、
前記一対の後輪支持フレームの先端に軸着されている後輪と、
前記切断刃の周囲から前記フードの下端部付近まで延びる円弧状部を備えており、
前記円弧状部における円弧の全長は、前記切断刃の周囲の全長の７割以上である
ことを特徴とする茎葉処理機。 A stem and leaf processing machine for cutting stems and leaves of root vegetables planted in ridges while traveling across the ridges and discharging the cut stems and leaves to the side of the ridges,
A cutting blade that rotates around a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction and cuts the stem and leaf portion;
a hood that houses the cutting blade, stands the stems and leaves by suction force generated by the rotation of the cutting blade, collects the stems and leaves cut by the cutting blade, and blows the stems and leaves out of an outlet;
A duct communicating with the air outlet and discharging the blown out leaves and stems;
A pair of rear wheel support frames fixed to both sides of the rear portion of the hood;
rear wheels pivotally attached to the ends of the pair of rear wheel support frames;
The cutting blade has an arcuate portion extending from a periphery of the cutting blade to a vicinity of a lower end of the hood,
A stem and leaf treating machine, characterized in that a total length of the arc of the arc-shaped portion is 70% or more of a total length of a periphery of the cutting blade.
前記円弧状部は、前記切断刃の隣接部には設置されていない
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の茎葉処理機。 The cutting blades are arranged in a plurality of positions in the left-right direction of the hood,
The stem and leaf treating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the arcuate portion is not provided adjacent to the cutting blade.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022200544A JP7641942B2 (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Stem and leaf processing machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022200544A JP7641942B2 (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Stem and leaf processing machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2024085804A JP2024085804A (en) | 2024-06-27 |
| JP7641942B2 true JP7641942B2 (en) | 2025-03-07 |
Family
ID=91617437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022200544A Active JP7641942B2 (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Stem and leaf processing machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7641942B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004159621A (en) | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Lawn mower |
| US20080314014A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2008-12-25 | Nicholson Machinery Limited | Method and Apparatus for Topping Vegetables |
-
2022
- 2022-12-15 JP JP2022200544A patent/JP7641942B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004159621A (en) | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Lawn mower |
| US20080314014A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2008-12-25 | Nicholson Machinery Limited | Method and Apparatus for Topping Vegetables |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024085804A (en) | 2024-06-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4182098A (en) | Apparatus and method for harvesting and windrowing corn | |
| EP3300577B1 (en) | Apparatus for chopping and discharging straw from a combine harvester | |
| EP0731629B1 (en) | Mulching mower with obround cutting chamber | |
| BR102016022930A2 (en) | agricultural vehicle and waste handling system for an agricultural harvester | |
| US11606905B2 (en) | Crop canopy gleaning machine | |
| JPS60256310A (en) | Grain scraping rotor of harvester | |
| US10638664B2 (en) | Tool bar mounted folding wing mower apparatus | |
| JP7641942B2 (en) | Stem and leaf processing machine | |
| BR112015027875B1 (en) | platform for a combined agricultural harvester | |
| KR20190048259A (en) | Fruit picking device | |
| US3716974A (en) | Harvesting attachment for combines | |
| US5884461A (en) | Disk mower | |
| US1945733A (en) | Stalk shredding implement | |
| JP2023154625A (en) | Foliage processing machine | |
| JP2010035440A (en) | Grass-dividing apparatus of working vehicle | |
| CN114401628B (en) | Knife brush for head reel | |
| US20220256771A1 (en) | Arrangement of equipment, working vehicle and method in particular for maintaining green areas, mowing, soil tillage, or harvesting raw or cereal crops | |
| JP3130514B2 (en) | Sweet potato de-bunker | |
| US4064681A (en) | Machine for removing foliage from root crops | |
| EP3695704B1 (en) | An impeller conditioner including a tine device with limited lateral movement | |
| JP7014429B2 (en) | Stem and leaf processing equipment | |
| GB2046065A (en) | Rotary mower-conditioner | |
| JP5066903B2 (en) | Harvesting machine | |
| EP1951025A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for topping vegetables | |
| JP2025156759A (en) | Foliage treatment equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20240725 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20250131 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20250212 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20250225 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7641942 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |