JP7557111B2 - Surgical forceps - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the opening and closing operation of a gripping portion and a ratchet portion of medical forceps, and to quantitative visualization of the amount of movement of the gripping portion.

Conventionally, grasping tools such as forceps and retractors have been used in the medical field, but they are used to grasp organs and blood vessels of the human body, or to grasp and dissect affected areas, and therefore are required to have unique functions.
Such surgical forceps typically consist of a pair of levers which have a gripping portion, an operating portion which is rotated by hand, a pivotal portion between the gripping portion and the operating portion, and a ratchet portion provided between the fulcrum portion and the operating portion.
When gripped, the ratchet portion engages, preventing the grip portion from rotating any further.

Patent Publication 2019-126637 Patent Publication 2015-217261

However, in the grippers of Patent Documents 1 and 2, when the gripping portion is repeatedly opened and closed, the ratchet engagement is released each time by applying a load to the lever body in a direction perpendicular to the rotation direction of the lever body.

In addition, the gripping part is moved while being observed by opening and closing it on the way to the target organ, blood vessel, diseased area, etc., but the structure is such that the gripping part does not close completely when the ratchet starts to engage. Furthermore, the gripping part closes when the ratchet part is fully engaged, and to release this ratchet engagement, a load is applied perpendicular to the rotation direction of the operating part to open it.

Furthermore, since the gripping portion is closed when the ratchet is fully engaged, the gripping force on organs, blood vessels, etc. is not stable.

Furthermore, organs, blood vessels, affected areas, etc. are grasped under the endoscope during surgery, but the movement of the grasped part is confirmed by the operator's intuition.

As described above, conventional surgical forceps are difficult to operate during surgery and difficult to see the amount of movement of the gripping portion, and are not sufficiently safe.
The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.
In other words, the objective is to provide surgical forceps that allow smooth continuous opening and closing of the gripping parts during surgery, and ensure visibility of the gripping and release of the target object and the quantitative movement of the gripping parts as the medical forceps reach the target organ, blood vessel, or affected area, thereby making the operation safer than conventional products.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been completed by optimizing the opening and closing position of the grip and the engaging position of the ratchet portion, reducing the rigidity of the lever body, and adding evenly spaced scale lines to the side of the grip.

The present invention is a surgical forceps A comprising a pair of lever bodies 1, each of which has a gripping portion 11 for gripping an object, an operating portion 12 for rotating the lever body 1 by hooking a finger thereon, a pivotal attachment portion 13 provided between the gripping portion 11 and the operating portion 12, and a ratchet portion 14 provided between the pivotal attachment portion 13 and the operating portion 12 and hooked thereto to prevent an increase in the angle of rotation, and the gripping portion 11 is closed before the ratchet portions 14A and 14B are hooked. Also, the gripping portion 11 has a structure in which evenly spaced scale lines are added to the side surface of the gripping portion 11.

The surgical forceps A of the present invention comprises a pair of lever bodies 1, and each of the lever bodies 1A and 1B is provided with a gripping portion 11 for gripping an object, an operating portion 12 for rotating the lever by hooking a finger thereon, a pivoting portion 13 provided between the gripping portion 11 and the operating portion 12, and a ratchet portion 14 provided between the pivoting portion 13 and the operating portion 12 and hooked thereto to prevent an increase in the angle of rotation, so that the gripping portion 11 is closed before the ratchet portions 14A and 14B are engaged, facilitating the continuous opening and closing of the gripping portion 11 during surgery. Also, the scale lines provided on the side of the gripping portion allow the amount of movement of the gripping portion and the thickness of the blood vessel to be quantitatively visually confirmed.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing surgical forceps according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1(A) is a plan view, FIG. 1(B) is a front view, FIG. 1(C) is a right side view, and FIG. 1(D) shows the placement of scale lines on the side of the gripping portion. Figure 2 is a plan view explaining the operation of the surgical forceps of the present invention, with Figure 2(A) showing the gripping portion in an open state, Figure 2(B) showing the gripping portion in a completely closed state before the ratchet portion engages, Figure 2(C) showing the ratchet portion in a fully engaged state after the gripping portion is fully closed, and Figure 2(D) showing a method of releasing the ratchet engagement by moving the operating portion 12 in the axial direction in opposite directions. The working shaft pins D of the pivoting portions 13A and 13B are connected by a connecting plate. Fig. 3 is a partial plan view explaining the reduction in the rigidity of the lever of the surgical forceps of the present invention, Fig. 3(A) shows the thin-walled portion between the pivot part and the ratchet part in the lever body between the grip part and the operating part, and Fig. 3(B) shows a cross section of the entire circumference of the thin-walled part G in Fig. 3(A). FIG. 4 shows the overall shape of the present invention in perspective. Figure 5 is a plan view showing the operation of a conventional surgical forceps, with Figure 5(A) showing the gripping portion in an open state, Figure 5(B) showing the gripping portion in a state where the ratchet portion has just started to engage, and Figure 5(C) showing the gripping portion in a fully closed state where the ratchet portion has simultaneously fully engaged.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and figures as necessary. However, these embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations are omitted.
Furthermore, the dimensional ratios of the drawings are not limited to those shown in the drawings. In this description, the side surface of the gripping portion includes all surfaces other than the gripping surface.

First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a surgical forceps A according to a first embodiment, in which FIG. 1(A) is a plan view, FIG. 1(B) is a front view, FIG. 1(C) is a right side view, and FIG. 1(D) is a diagram showing scale lines provided on the side of a gripping portion.

FIG. 2 shows the open/closed state of the gripping portion and the engaged state of the ratchet portion in the surgical forceps A of FIG.
As shown in the figures, surgical forceps A according to the first embodiment is comprised of a pair of lever bodies 1 (first lever body 1A, second lever body 1B). Each lever body 1 is equipped with a gripping portion 11 (first gripping portion 11A, second gripping portion 11B) for gripping an object, an operating portion 12 (first operating portion 12A, second operating portion 12B) which is hooked with a finger and rotated, a pivot portion 13 (first pivot portion 13A, second pivot portion 13B) provided between the gripping portion 11 and the operating portion 12, and a ratchet portion 14 (first ratchet portion 14A, second ratchet portion 14B) provided between the pivot portion 13 and the operating portion 12 and hooked thereto to prevent an increase in the rotation angle.

More specifically, the gripping portion 11 at the end of the lever body 1 is for gripping organs, blood vessels, etc. which are part of the human body, and each gripping contact surface is provided with uneven portions, etc., as required.
Each lever body 1 is pivotally mounted by a pivot pin C as a pivot portion 13, with a grip portion 11 provided at one end and an operating portion 12 provided at the other end.
Each operating portion 12 has a hole, and in use, a finger can be hooked into this hole to rotate the lever body 1.

Further, ratchet portions 14 (a first ratchet portion 14A and a second ratchet portion 14B) are provided at the base of the operating portion of each lever body 1 so as to protrude and face each other.
A check pawl E is formed on the ratchet portion 14, and the opposing ratchet portions 14 are engaged with each other by rotating in directions in which they approach each other.
When the gripping portion 11 is completely closed, the ratchet portion 14 is in a pre-engagement state.

Furthermore, when the ratchet parts 14 are brought close to each other and the pawl E provided on the ratchet is engaged, the ratchet 14 is prevented from rotating in the opening direction and maintains the engaged state. To release this state, a load F is applied to the first operating part 12A and the second operating part 12B shown in Figure 2 (D) in the axial direction in opposite directions.

In addition, the scale lines provided on the side of the gripping portion allow the operator to more accurately grasp the amount of movement of the surgical forceps.

In conventional surgical forceps A, as shown in the plan view of the conventional forceps in Fig. 5, when the gripping portion 11 is closed, the ratchet portion 14 is in a fully engaged position. Therefore, to open the gripping portion 11, the operating portion 12 must be opened in the axial direction each time. Furthermore, during surgery, the gripping portion 11 is opened and closed to reach the target organ or affected area, but the opening operation of the ratchet portion 14 causes the gripping portion 11 to shake. In addition, the amount of movement of the gripping portion depends on the operator's intuition, which is not sufficient in terms of safety.

In the surgical forceps A of the present invention, the fully closed position of the gripping portion 11 is the position before the ratchet portions 14A and 14B are engaged, so that continuous opening and closing operations of the gripping portion 11 can be easily performed during surgery. In addition, the scale lines provided on the side of the gripping portion 11 allow the amount of movement of the gripping portion 11 to be quantitatively grasped during surgery under an endoscope.

Furthermore, in the lever body between the grip part 11 and the operating part 12, the rigidity of the lever body can be reduced by thinning the area between the pivot part 13 and the ratchet part 14, thereby reducing the operating force. Also, by using titanium material, the operating force can be reduced more than that of conventional stainless steel material, solving the problem.

1: Lever body 1A: First lever body 1B: Second lever body 11A: First gripping portion 11B: Second gripping portion 12: Operation portion 12A: First operation portion 12B: Second operation portion 13A: First pivoting portion 13B: Second pivoting portion 14: Ratchet portion 14A: First ratchet portion 14B: Second ratchet portion A: Medical forceps C: Support pin C1: First support pin C2: Second support pin D: Working shaft pin D1: First working shaft pin D2: Second working shaft pin E: Claw

Claims (2)

A surgical forceps comprising a pair of lever bodies, each of which has a gripping portion for gripping an organ, a blood vessel, or the like, or for gripping and dissecting an affected area, an operating portion for opening and closing the gripping portion by hooking a finger thereon, a pivotal connection portion provided between the gripping portion and the operating portion, and a pair of ratchet portions provided between the operating portion and the pivotal connection portion to hook and prevent an increase in a rotation angle,
Not electrosurgical forceps for sealing,
The gripping portion can be continuously opened and closed during surgery without using the pair of ratchet portions,
a thin-walled portion is provided between the grip portion and the operating portion of the lever body and between the pivot portion and the pair of ratchet portions;
A surgical forceps, characterized in that the pair of ratchet portions approach each other and are adjacent to each other before the pair of ratchet portions are engaged with each other, and when the pair of ratchet portions approach each other and are adjacent to each other, the gripping portion is fully closed. 2. The surgical forceps according to claim 1, further comprising a scale on a side surface of the gripping portion for quantitatively and visually checking the amount of movement of the gripping portion during surgery and the thickness of the blood vessel .