JP6562841B2 - 多孔質板状フィラー - Google Patents
多孔質板状フィラー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6562841B2 JP6562841B2 JP2015560079A JP2015560079A JP6562841B2 JP 6562841 B2 JP6562841 B2 JP 6562841B2 JP 2015560079 A JP2015560079 A JP 2015560079A JP 2015560079 A JP2015560079 A JP 2015560079A JP 6562841 B2 JP6562841 B2 JP 6562841B2
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- filler
- outer peripheral
- porous plate
- peripheral portion
- heat insulating
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- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
図1Aに多孔質板状フィラー1の一実施形態を示す。本発明の多孔質板状フィラー1は、アスペクト比が3以上の板状で、その最小長が0.5〜50μmであり、全体の気孔率が20〜90%であり、中心部4より外周部5の方が気孔率が低い。多孔質板状フィラー1は、母材と気孔とを含む。母材の種類が多孔質板状フィラー1の中心部4と違う層(材料が異種の場合)が外周部5であり、外周部5は、中心部4よりも気孔率が低い。言い換えると、材料が異種の場合、中心部4から外周に向けて材料種類を特定していった際に、変化したところから最外周までを外周部5とする。母材が一種類の材料で多孔質板状フィラー1が形成されている場合(中心部4と外側の層との材料が同種の場合)、多孔質板状フィラー1の外形に対して相似で内側に80%縮小した領域を中心部4とし、それ以外の外側20%を外周部5とする(図1B)。外周部5は、中心部4よりも気孔率が低いが、作製方法等によっては、中心部4と外側の層との材料が同種の場合においても、異種の場合においても、最小長方向に対し垂直な方向(図の左右方向)の外周部5が20%よりも薄い場合もある(図1C)。したがって、外周部5の気孔率は、最小長方向において、測定する方がよい。
気孔率(%)=(1−(見かけ粒子密度/真密度))×100
上記の式において、見かけ粒子密度は、水銀を用いた液浸法により測定する。また、真密度は、多孔質板状フィラー1を十分に粉砕した後、ピクノメータ法で測定する。
第一の実施形態として、多孔質板状フィラー1の中心部4と外周部5の母材の材料種類が同じ方が好ましい。なお、多孔質板状フィラー1に添加材が含まれている場合でも、中心部4と外周部5の母材の材料種類が同じであれば、第一の実施形態に含まれる。断熱材料として使用されるフィラーの中心部4には熱伝導率の低い材料が用いられている。これと同じ材料を外周部5に使用することで、熱伝導率の低いフィラーを得ることができる。
第二の実施形態として、多孔質板状フィラー1の中心部4と外周部5の母材の材料種類が異なる方が好ましい。外周部5は、低温で焼結しやすい材料を採用することが好ましい。外周部5に低温で焼結しやすい異なる材料を用いることにより焼結(緻密化)が進み、中心部4との気孔率差が大きくなる。中心部4と外周部5とを異種材料で形成する場合、中心部4としては、第一の実施形態と同様の材料を採用することができる。また、外周部5としても、第一の実施形態と同様の材料を採用することができ、加えて、鉄、銀、ニッケル、銅、チタン、クロム、マンガン、コバルト、亜鉛、モリブデンなどの金属を採用することもできる。また、フッ素樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等も採用することができ、その中でも撥水・撥油性を有するフッ素樹脂を採用することが好ましい。しかし、中心部4、外周部5の材料は、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明の多孔質板状フィラー1の製造方法の一の実施形態は、グリーンシート形成用スラリー及び外周部形成用スラリーを調製するスラリー調製工程と、グリーンシートを形成するグリーンシート形成工程と、グリーンシートを解砕する解砕工程と、フィラーの外周部5を形成する外周部形成工程と、それを焼成し多孔質板状フィラー1を得る焼成工程と、を有する。
セラミックス粉末に、造孔材、バインダー、可塑剤、溶媒等を加えてボールミル等によって混合することにより、グリーンシート形成用スラリー及び外周部形成用スラリーを調製する。
上記グリーンシート形成用スラリーに真空脱泡処理を施すことにより、粘度を100〜10000cpsに調整する。その後、ドクターブレード装置によって、焼成後の厚さが0.5〜100μmとなるようにグリーンシートを形成し、(0.5〜200)mm×(0.5〜200)mmの寸法に外形切断を行う。
グリーンシートを解砕する方法としては、例えば、乾式ビーズミル、ローラーミルなどを用いてグリーンシートを室温で解砕することができる。特に、「アスペクト比が3以上の板状で、最小長が0.5〜50μmである」多孔質粒子を得るためには、気流式分級機を用い、整粒(分級)することが好ましい。グリーンシートを解砕してフィラー状グリーンシートを得る。
外周部5を形成する方法としては、例えば、ディップ成形、スパッタ、めっき、流動層コーティング、転動コーティングなどが挙げられ、いずれの方法であってもよいが、ディップ成形を例に説明する。
外周部形成用スラリーを付着させた2層構造グリーンシートの焼成条件は、適宜設定することができるが、例えば、大気中にて800〜2300℃で0.5〜20時間とすることが好ましく、800〜1800℃で5〜20時間であることが更に好ましく、800〜1300℃で5〜20時間であることが特に好ましい。
本発明の断熱膜3は、本発明の多孔質板状フィラー1を材料として含むものである。このような断熱膜3は、断熱性能に優れている。
セラミックス粉末としてのジルコニア粉末に、造孔材としてカーボンブラック、バインダーとしてポリビニルブチラール樹脂(PVB)、可塑剤としてフタル酸ジオクチル(DOP)、及び、溶媒としてキシレンと1−ブタノールを加えた。これを原料組成物とした。具体的には、原料組成物として、グリーンシート形成用スラリーと外周部形成用スラリーの2つを用意した。グリーンシート形成用スラリーは、ジルコニア粉末6体積%、カーボンブラック6体積%、バインダー7体積%、可塑剤4体積%、溶媒77体積%とした。外周部形成用スラリーは、ジルコニア粉末9体積%、カーボンブラック3体積%、バインダー7体積%、可塑剤4体積%、溶媒77体積%とした。
レーザーフラッシュ2層モデルにて断熱膜3の厚さ方向における熱伝導率を測定した。熱伝導率について、1.00W/(m・K)以下を優としてAで、1.01〜1.59W/(m・K)を良としてB、1.60W/(m・K)以上を不可としてCで表1に示す。なお、エンジン燃焼室に断熱膜3を作製し、燃費が向上するための断熱効果が発揮されるかどうかを判定基準とした。
断熱膜3の膜厚方向における断面の微構造をFIBでサンプリングしてFE−SEMで観察した。図3Aに実施例1のSEM写真を示す。多孔質板状フィラー1の中心部分を観察した。フィラーの気孔に黒色のマトリックス3mが観察されなかった。つまり、多孔質板状フィラー1の中心部分にマトリックス3mが浸入していなかった。
グリーンシート形成用スラリーを、ドクターブレード装置によって焼成後の厚さが10μmとなるように膜状に塗工し、グリーンシートを形成した。解砕工程を行った後に、外周部形成工程を行わず焼成することにより、多孔質板状フィラー1を得た。比較例1は、外周部5を形成しなかった。
ジルコニア粉末12体積%、カーボンブラック無添加、バインダー7体積%、可塑剤4体積%、溶媒77体積%とした外周部形成用スラリーを調合した。グリーンシート形成用スラリーは、実施例1と同じものを使用した。また、それ以外も実施例1と同様に多孔質板状フィラー1を作製した。多孔質板状フィラー1の全体の気孔率は、58%であった。
外周部形成用スラリーのセラミックス粉末をSiO2に変え、外周部形成用スラリーを調製した。外周部形成工程は焼成前に行った。なお、参考例1の外周部形成用スラリーはカーボンブラック6体積%添加、参考例2の外周部形成用スラリーはカーボンブラック無添加とした。それ以外は実施例1と同様に多孔質板状フィラー1を作製した。多孔質板状フィラー1の全体の気孔率は、参考例1は58%、参考例2は52%であった。
外周部5を無電解のNiめっきで形成した。それ以外は実施例1と同様に多孔質板状フィラー1を作製した。多孔質板状フィラー1の全体の気孔率は52%であった。
実施例1のグリーンシート形成用スラリーを、ドクターブレード装置によって焼成後の厚さが35μmとなるように膜状に塗工し、グリーンシートを形成した。実施例2の外周部形成用スラリーを用いて、外周部5を形成した。多孔質板状フィラー1の全体の気孔率は63%であった。
参考例2で作製した成形体を1200℃で2時間焼成した。多孔質板状フィラー1の全体の気孔率は32%であった。
参考例1,2と同様にして、多孔質板状フィラー1を作製した。ただし、グリーンシートの厚みを変更した。またグリーンシートを切断して得られた成形体を外周部形成用スラリーにディップする時間、成形体の引き上げ速度を制御して、外周部5の厚みを変更した。多孔質板状フィラー1のアスペクト比、気孔率等は、表1に示す。
セラミックス粉末としてのジルコニア粉末に、造孔材としてカーボンブラック、バインダーとしてポリビニルブチラール樹脂(PVB)、可塑剤としてフタル酸ジオクチル(DOP)、及び、溶媒としてキシレンと1−ブタノールを加えた。これを原料組成物とした。具体的には、原料組成物として、実施例1と同様のグリーンシート形成用スラリーと、フッ素樹脂2体積%、フッ素系溶媒98体積%とした外周部形成用スラリーとの2つを用意した。
Claims (6)
- アスペクト比が3以上の板状で、その最小長が0.5〜50μmであり、全体の気孔率が20〜90%であり、中心部より外周部の方が気孔率が低く、前記中心部と前記外周部の母材の材料種類が同じであり、前記中心部と前記外周部の材料種類がジルコニアを含む多孔質板状フィラー。
- アスペクト比が3以上の板状で、その最小長が0.5〜50μmであり、全体の気孔率が20〜90%であり、中心部より外周部の方が気孔率が低く、前記中心部と前記外周部の母材の材料種類が異なり、前記中心部の材料種類がジルコニアを含み、前記外周部の材料種類がフッ素樹脂を含む多孔質板状フィラー。
- 前記外周部は、前記中心部よりも気孔率が10%以上低い請求項1又は2に記載の多孔質板状フィラー。
- 前記外周部の方が前記中心部よりも平均気孔径が小さい請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質板状フィラー。
- 前記外周部の平均気孔径が0.1μm以下である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質板状フィラー。
- 前記外周部の厚みが1μm以上である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の多孔質板状フィラー。
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-
2015
- 2015-01-28 EP EP15744047.0A patent/EP3100994A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-01-28 JP JP2015560079A patent/JP6562841B2/ja active Active
- 2015-01-28 WO PCT/JP2015/053021 patent/WO2015115667A1/ja not_active Ceased
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|---|---|
| EP3100994A4 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
| WO2015115667A1 (ja) | 2015-08-06 |
| EP3100994A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| US10442739B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
| JPWO2015115667A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
| US20170001919A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
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