JP5879771B2 - Metal bonding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal bonding method in which a welding current is passed through a pressure contact portion to which pressure is applied, and a first metal and a second metal are bonded by resistance heat generated there.

  In projection welding using a capacitor power source (hereinafter referred to as “CDW: Capacitor discharge welding”), a protrusion is provided on one of two metals to be joined. Then, a metal bonding method is known in which pressure is applied to the apex of the protrusion and the other metal joint, a welding current is passed through each pressure contact portion, and the two metals are joined by the resistance heat generated there. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-181627 A

  However, in the conventional metal bonding method, a projection (projection) is provided in advance on one of the two metals, and a pressure contact portion where resistance heat is generated is formed by this projection to perform resistance welding. For this reason, when the joining area | region and joining area | region by the pressurization contact part of two metals are determined, there existed a problem that it was necessary to provide the projection part with high planar accuracy of a vertex by the machining with respect to one metal.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above problem, and it is not necessary to provide a protrusion on one metal, and provides a metal bonding method capable of simplifying the shape of a material before bonding of two metals. Objective.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in the joining method for joining the first metal and the second metal, means comprising a metal filler positioning step, a metal filler sandwiching step, a pressurizing step, and an energizing step; did.
In the metal filler positioning step, a setting position of a metal filler having a hardness equal to or higher than at least one of the first metal and the second metal is determined on the bonding surface of the first metal and the second metal.
The metal filler clamping step, the front Kikin genus filler, sandwiched bonding surface of the second metal and the first metal.
The pressurizing step pressurizes the joint between the first metal and the second metal.
The energizing step energizes between the first metal and the second metal.
And the said metal filler positioning process determines the setting position in the joint surface of the said 1st metal and said 2nd metal of the said metal filler with a positioning jig.

Therefore, the metal filler is melted between the first metal and the second metal by passing through the metal filler sandwiching process → the pressurizing process → the energizing process, and the first metal and the second metal are combined.
With this bonding method, the hardness of the metal filler is set to be equal to or higher than the hardness of at least one of the first metal and the second metal. The reason is to secure the required bond strength. For example, when the hardness of the metal filler is smaller than the hardness of the first metal and the second metal, the metal filler is crushed when pressed, and the bonding area is reduced. This is because it cannot be controlled and the required bonding strength cannot be ensured.
This bonding method is a metal that is a member independent of the first metal and the second metal, instead of the protrusion provided on one side of the metal, in order to limit the pressure contact portion that generates resistance heat to a narrow region. Filler is used. For this reason, the material shape before joining of two metals only needs to make a joint surface flat, respectively, and a metal material shape is simplified. Furthermore, it becomes easy to cope with the change in the bonding region and the bonding area by the metal filler only by changing the shape and length of the metal filler sandwiched between the bonding surfaces.
As a result, it is not necessary to provide a protrusion on one of the metals, and the shape of the material before joining the two metals can be simplified. In addition, the required bonding strength can be ensured, and the adaptability to changes in the bonding region and bonding area by the metal filler can be facilitated.

It is a whole block diagram which shows an example of the capacitor | condenser type resistance welding machine applied to the metal bonding method of Example 1. FIG. It is a side view which shows a metal filler positioning process among the metal bonding methods of Example 1. FIG. It is a top view which shows a metal filler positioning process among the metal bonding methods of Example 1. FIG. It is a side view which shows a metal filler clamping process among the metal bonding methods of Example 1. FIG. It is the A section enlarged view of FIG. 4 which shows a metal filler clamping process among the metal bonding methods of Example 1. FIG. It is a side view which shows a pressurization process among the metal bonding methods of Example 1. FIG. It is a wave form diagram which shows an example of the power supply voltage (a), capacitor | condenser voltage (b), and welding current (c) in an electricity supply process among the metal bonding methods of Example 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the metal bonding method of a comparative example. It is an enlarged view which shows the protrusion shape of FIG. 8 in the metal bonding method of a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the locate pin type | mold positioning jig and metal wire in a metal filler positioning process among the metal bonding methods of Example 2. FIG. It is a side view which shows the expanded metal pinched | interposed into a 1st metal and a 2nd metal at a metal filler positioning process among the metal bonding methods of Example 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows the cylindrical positioning jig | tool and expanded metal in a metal filler positioning process among the metal bonding methods of Example 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows the locate pin type | mold positioning jig and expanded metal in a metal filler positioning process among the metal bonding methods of Example 3. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for realizing the metal bonding method of the present invention will be described based on Examples 1 to 3 shown in the drawings.

  The metal bonding method of Example 1 is “capacitor type resistance welding machine”, “each step by the metal bonding method of Example 1”, “issues by the metal bonding method of Comparative Example”, “by the metal bonding method of Example 1” The description will be divided into “operation” and “effect by the metal bonding method of the first embodiment”.

[Capacitor resistance welding machine]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating an example of a capacitor-type resistance welder applied to the metal bonding method according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the overall configuration of the capacitor resistance welding machine will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a capacitor type resistance welding machine applied to the metal bonding method of the first embodiment includes a power source 1, a resistance welding circuit 2, an electrolytic capacitor 3, a charging diode 4, and a discharging diode 5. A welding transformer 6, an upper electrode 7, and a lower electrode 8.

  The power source 1 is single-phase or three-phase, and a resistance welding circuit 2 having a rectifier circuit, a constant voltage circuit, and a control circuit is connected to the resistance welding circuit 2, and an electrolytic capacitor 3, a charging diode 4, and a discharging diode 5. Is connected.

  The resistance welding circuit 2 automatically performs charging voltage control (charging control, discharging control) with semiconductors (charging diode 4 and discharging diode 5). With this automatic control of the charging voltage, even if the voltage of the power source 1 fluctuates, the charging voltage to the electrolytic capacitor 3 does not change, and once set, welding can always be performed with a constant welding current.

  The electrolytic capacitor 3 charges energy (amount of electricity) necessary for welding, and instantaneously discharges it to the welding transformer 6 to flow a large welding current. In this way, by using a capacitor type resistance welding machine, for example, a power source capacity that is a few tenths smaller than that of an AC type welding machine is required, and the instantaneous discharged current is effectively used as welding energy. Since it is used, the thermal efficiency is improved compared to other methods.

  The upper electrode 7 and the lower electrode 8 are energized with a welding current from a welding transformer 6 during welding. Of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 that are welding objects, the first metal 11 is attached to the upper electrode 7 that can move in the vertical direction of FIG. The second metal 12 is attached to the lower electrode 8 fixed to the foundation 9. In FIG. 1, 13 is a metal wire, and 14 is a locate pin type positioning jig.

[Each step by the metal bonding method of Example 1]
2-7 is a figure which shows each process by the metal bonding method of Example 1. FIG. Hereinafter, each process by the metal bonding method of Example 1 is demonstrated based on FIGS.

  Prior to performing the metal bonding method of Example 1, a first metal 11, a second metal 12, a metal wire 13 (metal filler), and a locate pin type positioning jig 14 (positioning jig) are prepared. Keep it.

  The first metal 11 is a metal part made of, for example, SS400 (general structural carbon steel), and the bonding surface 11a is a flat surface and a positioning jig hole 11b is formed.

  The second metal 12 is a metal part made of, for example, SS400 (general structural carbon steel), and has a coupling surface 12a as a plane and a positioning jig hole 12b.

  The metal wire 13 is made of, for example, S20C (carbon steel for mechanical structure), has a length necessary for the bonding area, and has a shape that enables positioning on the coupling surfaces 11a and 12a. S20C (carbon steel for mechanical structure) which is a material of the metal wire 13 has higher hardness than SS400 (carbon steel for general structure) which is a material of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12.

  The locating pin type positioning jig 14 has a locating pin shape for positioning the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 by being inserted and set in the positioning jig holes 11b and 12b.

Metal filler positioning step As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the metal filler positioning step is performed by locating a set position of the metal wire 13 on the coupling surfaces 11 a and 12 a of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12. 14 is a process determined by 14.
This metal filler positioning step is set by attaching the second metal 12 to the upper surface of the lower electrode 8 and inserting the pin bottom side of the locate pin type positioning jig 14 into the positioning jig hole 12 b of the second metal 12. The positioning is performed by positioning the metal wire 13 with respect to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 14a of the locate pin type positioning jig 14. That is, the pin center axis CL of the locate pin type positioning jig 14 is made to coincide with the center axis of the metal wire 13.
As shown in FIG. 3, the metal wire 13 of Example 1 is made into a petal shape, and positioning and control of a bonding area are performed by the shape. That is, the positioning of the metal wire 13 is performed by using a plurality of divided arcuate surfaces 13a having the center axis of the metal wire 13 as the center point of the circle as a positioning portion in contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 14a of the locate pin type positioning jig 14. Do. And control of the joining area of the metal wire 13 is performed by changing the set number of petal shapes. When the required joining area is small, for example, three petals are used as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the required joint area is large, the number of petal shapes is increased, for example, as shown in FIG.

Metal filler sandwiching step The metal filler sandwiching step is a step of sandwiching the metal wire 13 between the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 between the coupling surfaces 11a and 12a with a slight gap, as shown in FIGS. It is.
In this metal filler clamping step, the first metal 11 attached to the lower surface of the upper electrode 7 is moved downward together with the upper electrode 7. Then, the distal end side of the locate pin type positioning jig 14 set on the second metal 12 is inserted into the positioning jig hole 11b of the first metal 11, and the first metal 11 is moved downward together with the upper electrode 7. Do that.
When the first metal 11 moves downward, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the position of the metal wire 13 is not displaced even when an external force such as vibration is applied, and the first metal 11 is positioned relative to the locate pin type positioning jig 14. The state is maintained.

-Pressurization process As shown in FIG. 6, the pressurization process pressurizes the joint part of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 with the metal wire 13 interposed therebetween, and the pressurization contact part is applied to the metal wire 13. It is a process of forming.
In this pressurizing step, the first metal 11 is moved downward together with the upper electrode 7 while maintaining the positioning state of the first metal 11, the second metal 12 and the metal wire 13 positioned by the locate pin type positioning jig 14. Move. And even after the 1st metal 11 contacts the metal wire 13, it presses the metal wire 13 with a fixed pressurizing force. Thereby, the 1st metal 11 and the 2nd metal 12 whose hardness is lower than the metal wire 13 are slightly depressed and deformed by the pressure contact force, and a pressure contact portion where resistance heat is generated is formed.

-Energization process An energization process is a process of supplying a welding current between the first metal 11 and the second metal 12, as shown in FIG.
In this energization step, as shown in FIG. 6, after pressurizing to a predetermined pressure by the pressurization step, the predetermined pressure is maintained, and further energization is performed between the first metal 11, the second metal 12 and the metal wire 13. A welding current is applied to the pressure contact portion formed on the surface. By causing this welding current to flow, resistance heat is generated in the pressure contact portion, and the metal in the pressure contact portion centered on the metal wire 13 is melted by this resistance heat, and the first metal via the molten metal wire 13 is melted. The metal 11 and the second metal 12 are combined.
Here, as shown in FIG. 7B, the welding current is generated from the power supply voltage shown in FIG. 7A, and a capacitor voltage is generated by the energy charge necessary for welding, and this is instantaneously discharged to the welding transformer 6. By doing so, it is generated as shown in FIG.

[Problems with the metal bonding method of the comparative example]
A comparative example is one in which a protrusion (projection) is provided in advance on one of the two metals, and a pressure contact portion that generates resistance heat is formed by the protrusion to perform resistance welding. The problem by the metal bonding method of this comparative example is demonstrated based on FIG.8 and FIG.9.

  In the case of the comparative example, when the pressure contact portion of the two metals is determined, as shown in FIG. 8, the projection having high planar accuracy of the vertex over the entire pressure contact portion with respect to one of the two metals. It is necessary to provide the part by machining. At this time, for example, if the height of the protrusion is 1.00 mm, the width of the apex is about 0.20 mm, and the protrusion with a shape with an accuracy that the apex flatness is about 0.1 or less is It is necessary to provide by processing. In other words, if the apex plane accuracy is lowered, the required bonding strength cannot be ensured, so that it is necessary to provide a protrusion with high apex plane accuracy, which requires a great number of processing steps.

  In addition, since the protrusion is provided by metal machining, the protrusion to the metal is changed each time the bonding area to be provided is changed or the bonding area is changed by the protrusion by changing the required bonding strength. Some changes in machining are required. That is, in the case of the comparative example in which the protruding portion is provided by machining on one metal, the correspondence to the change of the joining region and the joining area is low.

[Operation by Metal Bonding Method of Example 1]
The effect | action by the metal bonding method of Example 1 is demonstrated.
In the metal bonding method of Example 1, as described above, the metal wire 13 is connected to the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 through the metal filler positioning step → the metal filler clamping step → the pressurizing step → the energization step. The first metal 11 and the second metal 12 are bonded together.

  With this bonding method, the hardness of the metal wire 13 is made higher than the hardness of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12. The reason is to secure the required bond strength. For example, when the hardness of the metal wire is smaller than the hardness of the first metal and the second metal, the metal wire is crushed when pressed, and the bonding area ( = Pressure contact portion where resistance heat is generated) cannot be controlled, and the required bonding strength cannot be ensured.

  The bonding method of Example 1 is independent of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 in place of the protrusion provided on one side of the metal, in order to limit the pressure contact portion that generates resistance heat to a narrow region. The metal wire 13 which is the member which was made is used. For this reason, the material shape before joining of the two metals 11 and 12 only needs to make the joining surfaces 11a and 12a flat, respectively, and the metal material shape is simplified. Furthermore, it becomes easy to cope with the change of the bonding region and the bonding area by the metal wire 13 only by changing the shape and length of the metal wire 13 sandwiched between the coupling surfaces 11a and 12a.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a protrusion on one metal, and the shape of the material before joining of the two metals 11 and 12 can be simplified. In addition, the required bonding strength can be ensured by making the hardness of the metal wire 13 higher than the hardness of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to change the processing of the two metals 11 and 12 and only the shape and length of the metal wire 13 is changed, the bonding region and the bonding area are larger than when a protrusion is provided on the metal. Responsiveness to changes can be facilitated.

[Effects of the metal bonding method of Example 1]
In the metal bonding method of Example 1, the effects listed below can be obtained.

(1) In a bonding method for bonding the first metal 11 and the second metal 12,
A metal filler (metal wire 13) having a hardness of at least one of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 is applied to the coupling surfaces 11a and 12a of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12. A metal filler sandwiching step to sandwich;
A pressurizing step of pressurizing the joint between the first metal 11 and the second metal 12;
An energization step of energizing between the first metal 11 and the second metal 12;
Is provided.
For this reason, it is not necessary to provide a projection part in one metal, and the shape of the material before joining of the two metals 11 and 12 can be simplified. In addition, the required bonding strength can be ensured, and the adaptability to changes in the bonding region and bonding area by the metal filler (metal wire 13) can be facilitated.

(2) a metal filler positioning step for determining a set position of the metal filler (metal wire 13) on the bonding surface of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12.
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (1), it can suppress that the setting position of a metal filler (metal wire 13) varies between the joint surfaces of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12.

(3) In the metal filler positioning step, the setting position of the metal filler (metal wire 13) on the bonding surface of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 is determined by a positioning jig (locating pin type positioning jig 14). Decide.
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (2), the positioning accuracy of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 can be increased.

(4) The metal filler (metal wire 13) has a petal shape and has positioning portions (a plurality of divided arc surfaces 13a) in contact with the positioning jig (locate pin type positioning jig 14).
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (3), the control of the bonding area can be easily set by the number of petals, and the metal filler (metal wire 13) can be stably positioned with respect to the external force or the like.

(5) The positioning jig (locating pin type positioning jig 14) performs positioning at the center of the metal filler (metal wire 13).
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (4), the center positioning of the metal filler (metal wire 13) can be performed reliably.

  Example 2 is an example in which the metal filler is a metal wire having a spiral shape.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a locate pin type positioning jig and a metal wire in the metal filler positioning step according to the second embodiment. Hereinafter, based on FIG. 10, the metal bonding method of Example 2 is demonstrated.

  In the metal filler positioning step in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the pin center axis CL is made to coincide with the center axis of the metal wire 13 with respect to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 14 a of the locate pin type positioning jig 14. Is set by positioning.

As shown in FIG. 10, the metal wire 23 of Example 2 is formed in a spiral shape, and positioning and control of the bonding area are performed according to the shape. That is, the positioning of the metal wire 23 is performed by using the innermost spiral inner surface 23 a wound first around the central portion of the metal wire 23 as a positioning portion in contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 14 a of the locate pin type positioning jig 14. And control of the joining area of the metal wire 23 is performed by changing the number of spiral turns of the spiral shape. When the required bonding area is small, for example, the number of spiral turns is set to 2 to 3 as shown in FIG. When the required bonding area becomes larger, for example, as shown in FIG. Further, when the required bonding area is increased, the number of spiral turns is increased, for example, 4 to 5 times as shown in FIG.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore illustration and description thereof are omitted.

Next, the effect will be described.
In the metal bonding method of the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects (1), (2), (3), and (5) of the first embodiment.

(4) The metal filler (metal wire 23) has a spiral shape and has a positioning portion (spiral innermost surface 23a) in contact with the positioning jig (locate pin type positioning jig 14).
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (3), the control of the bonding area can be easily set by the number of spiral turns, and the metal filler (metal wire 23) can be stably positioned with respect to the external force or the like. .

  Example 3 is an example in which the metal filler is a metal plate processed material having an expanded metal shape.

  FIG. 11 shows the metal plate processed material sandwiched between the first metal and the second metal in the metal filler positioning step in the metal bonding method of the third embodiment. FIG. 12 shows a cylindrical positioning jig and a metal plate processed material in the metal filler positioning step in the metal bonding method of the third embodiment. FIG. 13 shows a locate pin type positioning jig and a metal plate processed material in the metal filler positioning step in the metal bonding method of the third embodiment. Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 11-13, the metal bonding method of Example 3 is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the metal plate processed material 33 has an expanded metal shape obtained by machining a plate material into a mesh shape or a diamond shape. There is no shift or distortion of the mesh, and the joint is integrated, so it is robust.

  In the metal filler positioning step in Example 3, as shown in FIG. 12, the expanded metal is obtained by bringing the outer peripheral surface 33a of the metal plate processed material 33 into contact with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 24a of the cylindrical positioning jig 24. The shaped metal plate processed material 33 is positioned.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the other metal filler positioning step in Example 3 is performed by bringing the inner peripheral surface 33 b of the metal plate processed material 33 into contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 14 a of the locate pin type positioning jig 14. The expanded metal-shaped metal plate processed material 33 is positioned.

Control of the bonding area of the expanded metal-shaped metal plate processed material 33 of Example 3 is performed by changing the length of the plate processed material. When the required joining area is large, for example, as shown in FIG. When the required joining area is reduced, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the center positioning is performed, and the necessary metal plate processing material 33 is wound around the outside.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore illustration and description thereof are omitted.

Next, the effect will be described.
In the metal bonding method of the third embodiment, in addition to the effects (1), (2) and (3) of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(4) The metal filler (metal plate processed material 33) has an expanded metal shape, and has a positioning portion (outer peripheral surface 33a or inner surface) in contact with the positioning jig (cylindrical positioning jig 24 or locate pin type positioning jig 14). It has a peripheral surface 33b).
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (3), the control of the bonding area can be easily set by the length, and the metal filler (metal plate processed material 33) can be stably positioned with respect to the external force or the like. it can.

(5) The positioning jig (cylindrical positioning jig 24) performs positioning on the outer periphery of the metal filler (metal workpiece 33).
For this reason, in addition to the effect of (4), the outer periphery positioning of the metal filler (metal plate processed material 33) can be reliably performed.

  As mentioned above, although the metal bonding method of this invention has been demonstrated based on Example 1-3, it is not restricted to these Examples about a concrete structure, Each claim of a claim Design changes and additions are allowed without departing from the gist of the invention.

  In Examples 1-3, the example which made the material of the 1st metal 11 and the 2nd metal 12 the same material (SS400: carbon steel for general structures) was shown. However, the first metal and the second metal may be made of different materials. That is, the metal bonding method of the present invention does not particularly limit the materials of the first metal and the second metal. Any material that can be bonded by CDW can be bonded basically.

  In Examples 1 to 3, the example in which the hardness of the metal filler (metal wires 13 and 23, metal plate processed material 33) is higher than that of the first metal 11 and the second metal 12 is shown. However, the hardness of the metal filler may be any as long as it has a hardness equal to or higher than at least one of the first metal and the second metal.

  In FIG. 12 of Example 3, it described about positioning a metal filler in outer periphery. However, the positioning of the metal filler (metal wires 13 and 23) on the outer periphery can also be applied to the first and second embodiments.

  In Example 1, a metal wire 13 having a petal shape is shown as a metal filler, in Example 2, a metal wire 23 having a spiral shape is shown as a metal filler, and in Example 3, a metal plate processed material having an expanded metal shape is used as a metal filler. 33 examples were shown. However, the specific shape of the metal filler is not limited to these shapes, and various shapes can be applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power supply 2 Resistance welding circuit 3 Electrolytic capacitor 4 Charging diode 5 Discharging diode 6 Welding transformer 7 Upper electrode 8 Lower electrode 11 1st metal 11a Bonding surface 12 2nd metal 12a Bonding surface 13 Metal wire (metal filler)
14 Locate pin type positioning jig (positioning jig)
23 Metal wire (metal filler)
24 Cylindrical positioning jig (positioning jig)
33 Metal plate processed material (metal filler)

Claims (3)

In the bonding method for bonding the first metal and the second metal,
A metal filler positioning step of determining a setting position of a metal filler having a hardness equal to or higher than at least one of the first metal and the second metal on a bonding surface of the first metal and the second metal;
The pre Kikin genus filler, a metal filler clamping step sandwiching the coupling surface of the second metal and the first metal,
A pressurizing step of pressurizing the joint between the first metal and the second metal;
An energization step of energizing between the first metal and the second metal;
Equipped with a,
In the metal filler positioning step, a setting position of the metal filler on the bonding surface of the first metal and the second metal is determined by a positioning jig . The metal bonding method according to claim 1 ,
The metal filler has one of a petal shape, a spiral shape, and an expanded metal shape, and has a positioning portion in contact with the positioning jig. The metal bonding method according to claim 2 , wherein
The positioning jig performs positioning at the center or the outer periphery of the metal filler.